JPH0535167A - Image holding member and process cartridge formed by using this member and image forming device - Google Patents
Image holding member and process cartridge formed by using this member and image forming deviceInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0535167A JPH0535167A JP3217869A JP21786991A JPH0535167A JP H0535167 A JPH0535167 A JP H0535167A JP 3217869 A JP3217869 A JP 3217869A JP 21786991 A JP21786991 A JP 21786991A JP H0535167 A JPH0535167 A JP H0535167A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- holding member
- image holding
- charging
- photosensitive drum
- voltage
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Landscapes
- Discharging, Photosensitive Material Shape In Electrophotography (AREA)
- Electrophotography Configuration And Component (AREA)
- Electrostatic Charge, Transfer And Separation In Electrography (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、像保持部材、それを用
いたプロセスカートリッジ及び画像形成装置に関する。
より詳しくは、電圧を印加した帯電部材を接触させて帯
電処理（除電処理も含む）を受ける像保持部材、それを
用いたプロセスカートリッジ及び画像形成装置に関す
る。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an image holding member, a process cartridge using the same, and an image forming apparatus.
More specifically, the present invention relates to an image holding member that receives a charging process (including a charge removing process) by contacting a charging member to which a voltage is applied, a process cartridge using the same, and an image forming apparatus.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来、電子写真プロセス・静電記録プロ
セス等を利用したレーザービームプリンター（ＬＢＰ）
や複写機などの画像形成装置において、電子写真感光体
・静電記録誘電体などの像保持部材を帯電処理する帯電
装置としては、一般的には、非接触式であるコロナ放電
装置が採用されていた。2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a laser beam printer (LBP) utilizing an electrophotographic process, an electrostatic recording process, etc.
In an image forming apparatus such as a photocopier or a copying machine, a non-contact type corona discharge device is generally adopted as a charging device for charging an image holding member such as an electrophotographic photoreceptor or an electrostatic recording dielectric. Was there.
【０００３】しかしながら最近においては、電源の低圧
化が図れる、オゾンの発生をみても極々微量であるなど
の長所を有していることから、電圧を印加したローラ型
やブレード型の帯電部材（導電部材）を用いた接触帯電
装置が採用されつつある。However, recently, since it has advantages that the power source can be lowered in pressure and that the amount of ozone generated is extremely small, a roller-type or blade-type charging member (conductive layer) to which a voltage is applied is used. A contact charging device using a (member) is being adopted.
【０００４】図６にその具体例を示した。１０１は円筒
状の像保持部材としての例えば回転ドラム型の電子写真
感光体（以下、感光ドラムと記す）である。感光ドラム
１０１は、例えば、アルミニウムからなるドラム基体１
０１ａの外周面に有機感光層１０１ｂを形成したもので
あり、矢示の時計方向に所定の周速度（プロセススピー
ド）をもって回転駆動される。FIG. 6 shows a specific example thereof. Reference numeral 101 denotes, for example, a rotating drum type electrophotographic photosensitive member (hereinafter referred to as a photosensitive drum) as a cylindrical image holding member. The photosensitive drum 101 is, for example, a drum base 1 made of aluminum.
The organic photosensitive layer 101b is formed on the outer peripheral surface of 01a, and is rotationally driven in the clockwise direction indicated by the arrow at a predetermined peripheral speed (process speed).
【０００５】１０２は感光ドラム１０１に接触させたロ
ーラ型の帯電部材（帯電ローラ）であり、感光ドラム１
０１の回転に伴ない従動回転する。帯電ローラ１０２
は、例えば、鉄・ＳＵＳ等の導電性芯金１０２ａの外周
面を、カーボン含有のウレタンゴム等の導電性弾性層１
０２ｂで被覆したものであり、この帯電ローラ１０２
は、導電性芯金１０２ａの長手方向両端部において、不
図示のバネ部材により感光ドラム１０１の表面に対し圧
接されている。Reference numeral 102 denotes a roller type charging member (charging roller) which is brought into contact with the photosensitive drum 101.
It is driven by the rotation of 01. Charging roller 102
Is, for example, a conductive elastic layer 1 made of urethane rubber containing carbon on the outer peripheral surface of the conductive core metal 102a made of iron or SUS.
This charging roller 102 is coated with 02b.
Are pressed against the surface of the photosensitive drum 101 by spring members (not shown) at both ends in the longitudinal direction of the conductive cored bar 102a.
【０００６】帯電ローラ１０２の導電性芯金１０２ａに
高圧電源１０３により所定の極性・電位の電圧が印加さ
れることで、回転感光ドラム１０１の周面が帯電ローラ
１０２により接触方式にて帯電処理される。A voltage having a predetermined polarity and potential is applied to the conductive cored bar 102a of the charging roller 102 by the high voltage power source 103, so that the peripheral surface of the rotary photosensitive drum 101 is charged by the charging roller 102 by a contact method. It
【０００７】なお、感光ドラム１０１の周囲及びその近
辺には帯電ローラ１０２の他に、露光手段・現像手段・
転写手段・クリーニング手段・定着手段・給紙手段等の
所要の作像プロセス機器が配置されて画像形成装置の全
体が構成されるが、それらは図に省略した。Around the photosensitive drum 101 and its vicinity, in addition to the charging roller 102, an exposing means, a developing means,
Although the necessary image forming process equipment such as transfer means, cleaning means, fixing means, and paper feeding means is arranged to constitute the entire image forming apparatus, they are omitted in the figure.
【０００８】帯電部材としての帯電ローラ１０２に印加
する電圧は直流電圧のみでもよいが、帯電の均一化のた
めには直流電圧と交流電圧を重畳させた振動電圧を印加
するのがよい。好ましくは、直流電圧のみを印加したと
きの像保持部材の帯電開始電圧の２倍以上のピーク間電
圧を有する交流電圧と直流電圧とを重畳した振動電圧を
帯電部材に印加することで均一帯電性が向上する（特開
昭６３−１４９６６９号公報等）。ここでいう振動電圧
とは、時間とともに周期的に電圧値が変化する電圧であ
り、直流電圧のみ印加時における感光ドラム表面の帯電
開始電圧の２倍以上のピーク間電圧を有することが好ま
しく、またその波形については、正弦波に限らず、矩形
波、三角波、パルス波でも良いが、帯電音の観点から
は、高調波成分を含まない正弦波が好ましい。交流電圧
には、例えば直流電源を周期的にオン−オフすることに
よって形成された矩形波の電圧等も含まれる。The voltage applied to the charging roller 102 as a charging member may be only a DC voltage, but it is preferable to apply an oscillating voltage in which a DC voltage and an AC voltage are superimposed in order to make the charging uniform. It is preferable to apply an oscillating voltage obtained by superimposing an AC voltage and a DC voltage having a peak-to-peak voltage that is at least twice the charging start voltage of the image holding member when only the DC voltage is applied to the charging member. Is improved (JP-A-63-149669, etc.). The oscillating voltage referred to here is a voltage whose voltage value periodically changes with time, and it is preferable that the oscillating voltage has a peak-to-peak voltage that is at least twice the charging start voltage of the surface of the photosensitive drum when only a DC voltage is applied. The waveform is not limited to a sine wave, and may be a rectangular wave, a triangular wave, or a pulse wave, but from the viewpoint of charging sound, a sine wave that does not include harmonic components is preferable. The AC voltage also includes, for example, a rectangular wave voltage formed by periodically turning the DC power supply on and off.
【０００９】[0009]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかしながら、帯電ロ
ーラ１０２に上述のように振動電圧を印加して感光ドラ
ム１０１を帯電処理する場合においては、感光ドラム１
０１の周速度が速くなるにつれて、この感光ドラム表面
の均一帯電を確保するために、帯電ローラ１０２に印加
する交流電圧の周波数を上げなければならないが、およ
そ２００ＨZ を越えると、感光ドラム１０１と帯電ロー
ラ１０２とが振動することに起因する、いわゆる「帯電
音」が大きくなってしまうという問題点がある。However, in the case where the oscillating voltage is applied to the charging roller 102 to charge the photosensitive drum 101 as described above, the photosensitive drum 1 is charged.
As the peripheral speed of 01 increases, in order to ensure a uniform charging of the photosensitive drum surface, but it is necessary to increase the frequency of the AC voltage applied to the charging roller 102, exceeds approximately 200H Z, a photosensitive drum 101 There is a problem that a so-called “charging sound” becomes large due to the vibration of the charging roller 102.
【００１０】この現象は、以下のようなメカニズムで生
じることが明らかになった。すなわち、帯電ローラ１０
２に交流電圧が印加されると、感光ドラム１０１と帯電
ローラ１０２との間に静電気力による引力が作用し、交
流電圧の最大値の部分と最小値の部分では相互の引き合
う力が大きくなり、帯電ローラ１０２は弾性変形しつつ
感光ドラム１０１に引きつけられ、また、交流電圧の中
央値の部分では相互の引き合う力が小さくなり、帯電ロ
ーラ１０２の弾性変形の回復力により、感光ドラム１０
１と帯電ローラ１０２とは離れようとする。このため感
光ドラム１０１と帯電ローラ１０２とは印加された交流
電圧の２倍の周波数で振動しあうことになる。It has been clarified that this phenomenon occurs by the following mechanism. That is, the charging roller 10
When an AC voltage is applied to 2, an attractive force due to an electrostatic force acts between the photosensitive drum 101 and the charging roller 102, and the mutual attractive force between the maximum value portion and the minimum value portion of the AC voltage increases. The charging roller 102 is elastically deformed and attracted to the photosensitive drum 101. Further, the mutual attraction force becomes small at the center value of the AC voltage, and the elastic deformation recovery force of the charging roller 102 causes the photosensitive drum 10 to recover.
1 and the charging roller 102 try to separate from each other. Therefore, the photosensitive drum 101 and the charging roller 102 vibrate at a frequency twice as high as the applied AC voltage.
【００１１】更に、感光ドラム１０１と帯電ローラ１０
２とは相互に摩擦し合いつつ回転移動するが、上記静電
気力により引力が作用し、交流電圧の最大値の部分と最
小値の部分で相互の引き合う力が大きくなり、帯電ロー
ラ１０２が弾性変形しつつ感光ドラム１０１に引きつけ
られる際には、相互の回転移動にブレーキがかかり、ま
た、交流電圧の中央値の部分で相互の引き合う力が小さ
くなり、帯電ローラ１０２の弾性変形の回復力により、
感光ドラム１０１と帯電ローラ１０２とが離れようとす
る際にはこのブレーキが緩和される。このため、あたか
も濡れたガラス表面を指で擦った時のようにスティック
スリップによる振動も生じる。この振動も上記と同様に
印加された交流電圧の２倍の周波数で生じる。Further, the photosensitive drum 101 and the charging roller 10
Although they rotate with each other while rubbing against each other, an attractive force is applied by the electrostatic force, and the mutual attractive force between the maximum value portion and the minimum value portion of the AC voltage increases, and the charging roller 102 elastically deforms. While being attracted to the photosensitive drum 101, a brake is applied to the mutual rotational movement, and the mutual attractive force becomes small at the central value portion of the alternating voltage, and the elastic deformation recovery force of the charging roller 102 causes
This brake is relaxed when the photosensitive drum 101 and the charging roller 102 are about to separate from each other. For this reason, vibration due to stick-slip occurs as if the surface of the glass that was wet was rubbed with a finger. This vibration also occurs at twice the frequency of the applied AC voltage as in the above case.
【００１２】帯電音は以上のような振動に起因するが、
これは印加される交流電圧の２倍の周波数を基本とし生
じるために、例えば交流電圧の周波数が３００ＨZ の場
合にあっては６００ＨZ の音が観測される。この他に
も、その整数倍の高調波成分や、まれには、印加した交
流電圧の周波数とその整数倍の高調波成分も観測される
場合もある。The charging sound is caused by the vibration as described above,
This is to produce a basic twice the frequency of the AC voltage applied, for example, the frequency of the AC voltage in a case of 300H Z are observed sound 600H Z. In addition to this, a harmonic component of an integral multiple thereof, or, rarely, a frequency of the applied AC voltage and a harmonic component of an integral multiple thereof may be observed.
【００１３】このような帯電音は、感光ドラム１０１と
帯電ローラ１０２との当接部から直接音として発せられ
る他に、感光ドラム１０１の振動が、例えばプロセスカ
ートリッジや画像形成装置に伝わり、そこで音に変換さ
れる場合もある。Such a charging sound is directly emitted as a sound from the contact portion between the photosensitive drum 101 and the charging roller 102, and the vibration of the photosensitive drum 101 is transmitted to, for example, a process cartridge or an image forming apparatus, and the sound is generated there. It may be converted to.
【００１４】上述の帯電音の問題やメカニズムは、帯電
部材がローラ型（帯電ローラ）である場合に限らず、ブ
レード型（帯電ブレード）・パッド型・ブロック型・ロ
ッド型・ワイヤ型等のものでも共通して言える。The problem and mechanism of the above-mentioned charging noise are not limited to the case where the charging member is a roller type (charging roller), but may be a blade type (charging blade), pad type, block type, rod type, wire type, or the like. But the same can be said.
【００１５】そこで本発明は、帯電音の主原因たる像保
持部材の振動を抑制することで、帯電部材に印加する交
流電圧の周波数を高く設定した場合にあっても、帯電音
の発生を低く押えることを目的とする。Therefore, according to the present invention, by suppressing the vibration of the image holding member, which is the main cause of the charging noise, the generation of charging noise is reduced even when the frequency of the AC voltage applied to the charging member is set high. The purpose is to hold down.
【００１６】[0016]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明は下記の構成を特
徴とする、像保持部材、それを用いたプロセスカートリ
ッジ及び画像形成装置である。The present invention provides an image holding member, a process cartridge using the same, and an image forming apparatus characterized by the following constitutions.
【００１７】（１）電圧を印加した帯電部材の接触によ
り帯電処理を受ける像保持部材であり、該像保持部材の
内部に、剛体あるいは弾性体からなる挿入物が存在し、
像保持部材内に挿入物を挿入した状態で像保持部材内面
と挿入物外面との隙間が１００μｍ以下のとき該挿入物
が接着剤で像保持部材内面に固定保持されている、こと
を特徴とする像保持部材。(1) An image holding member that is subjected to a charging process by contact with a charging member to which a voltage is applied, and an insert made of a rigid body or an elastic body is present inside the image holding member,
When the insert is inserted into the image holding member and the gap between the inner surface of the image holding member and the outer surface of the insert is 100 μm or less, the insert is fixedly held on the inner surface of the image holding member with an adhesive. Image holding member.
【００１８】（２）少なくとも、像保持部材と、電圧が
印加され該像保持部材に接触して像保持部材を帯電処理
する帯電部材を包含し、画像形成装置本体に対して着脱
自由のプロセスカートリッジであり、前記像保持部材
は、内部に剛体あるいは弾性体からなる挿入物が存在
し、像保持部材内に挿入物を挿入した状態で像保持部材
内面と挿入物外面との隙間が１００μｍ以下のとき該挿
入物が接着剤で像保持部材内面に固定保持されている、
ことを特徴とするプロセスカートリッジ。(2) A process cartridge which includes at least an image holding member and a charging member which is applied with a voltage to contact the image holding member to charge the image holding member, and which is detachable from the main body of the image forming apparatus. The image holding member has an insert made of a rigid body or an elastic body inside, and the gap between the inner surface of the image holding member and the outer surface of the insert is 100 μm or less when the insert is inserted in the image holding member. When the insert is fixedly held on the inner surface of the image holding member with an adhesive,
Process cartridge characterized in that.
【００１９】（３）像保持部材に、電圧を印加した帯電
部材を接触させて帯電処理をする工程を含む作像プロセ
スを適用して画像形成を実行する画像形成装置であり、
前記像保持部材は、内部に剛体あるいは弾性体からなる
挿入物が存在し、像保持部材内に挿入物を挿入した状態
で像保持部材内面と挿入物外面との隙間が１００μｍ以
下のとき該挿入物が接着剤で像保持部材内面に固定保持
されている、ことを特徴とする画像形成装置。(3) An image forming apparatus for executing image formation by applying an image forming process including a step of charging a charging member to which a voltage is applied to the image holding member to perform a charging process,
The image holding member has an insert made of a rigid body or an elastic body inside, and when the gap between the inner surface of the image holding member and the outer surface of the insert is 100 μm or less when the insert is inserted into the image holding member, the insertion is performed. An image forming apparatus, wherein an object is fixedly held on an inner surface of an image holding member with an adhesive.
【００２０】[0020]
【作用】像保持部材の内部に、剛体あるいは弾性体で構
成された挿入物（充填物）を存在させると、後述の実験
より明らかなように充填物の密着長さ、重量が増えれば
帯電音の音圧の減少効果が大きく、帯電音騒音を実際上
問題のないレベルまで下げることが可能となる。When an insert (filler) made of a rigid body or an elastic body is present inside the image holding member, charging noise will increase as the contact length and weight of the filler increase, as will be apparent from the experiments described later. The effect of reducing the sound pressure is large, and it is possible to reduce the charging noise to a level at which there is practically no problem.
【００２１】また、帯電音と、像保持部材と充填物の挿
入時のギャップ量（隙間）の関係は後述する実験より明
らかなようにギャップ量が大きいと帯電音の音圧の減少
効果が悪く、１００μｍ以下のギャップであれば接着剤
により充填物を像保持部材内に固定保持させれば帯電音
騒音を実用上問題のないレベルにできることがわかっ
た。Further, the relationship between the charging sound and the gap amount (gap) at the time of inserting the image holding member and the filling material is clear from an experiment described later that, when the gap amount is large, the effect of reducing the sound pressure of the charging sound is poor. It has been found that if the gap is 100 μm or less, the charging noise can be made to a level at which there is no practical problem if the filler is fixed and held in the image holding member with an adhesive.
【００２２】[0022]
（１）画像形成装置構成（図１・図２）
図１・図２は本発明の一実施例の画像形成装置の縦断正
面図と、プロセスカートリッジ抜き差し状態時の斜視図
である。(1) Image Forming Apparatus Configuration (FIGS. 1 and 2) FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 are a vertical sectional front view of an image forming apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention and a perspective view in a state where a process cartridge is inserted and removed.
【００２３】本実施例の画像形成装置は転写式電子写真
プロセス利用の、プロセスカートリッジ着脱式のレーザ
ービームプリンタである。The image forming apparatus of the present embodiment is a process cartridge detachable laser beam printer utilizing a transfer type electrophotographic process.
【００２４】図１において、３は像保持部材としての回
転ドラム型の電子写真感光体（以下、感光ドラムと記
す）である。この感光ドラム３は矢示の時計方向に所定
の周速度（プロセススピード）をもって回転駆動され
る。この感光ドラム３の内部には充填物３ｃを入れてあ
るが、これについては後記（２）項で詳述する。In FIG. 1, reference numeral 3 is a rotary drum type electrophotographic photosensitive member (hereinafter referred to as a photosensitive drum) as an image holding member. The photosensitive drum 3 is rotationally driven in the clockwise direction indicated by the arrow at a predetermined peripheral speed (process speed). A filling material 3c is put inside the photosensitive drum 3, which will be described in detail later in (2).
【００２５】４は感光ドラム３に所定の押圧力をもって
圧接させた帯電部材である。本実施例の帯電部材は帯電
ローラである。この帯電ローラ４は、ＳＵＳからなる導
電性芯金４ａと、その外周に形成された、カーボン含有
のウレタンゴムからなる導電性弾性層４ｂとからなり、
その外径は１２ｍｍであり、導電性芯金４ａの両端部に
おいて不図示のバネ部材により感光ドラム３の表面に対
し圧接され、感光ドラム３の回転に伴って従動回転す
る。そして導電性芯金４ａに不図示の電源装置から所定
の電圧が印加されることにより回転感光ドラム３の周面
が帯電ローラ４により直接方式で所定の極性・電位に均
一帯電処理される。Reference numeral 4 denotes a charging member which is brought into pressure contact with the photosensitive drum 3 with a predetermined pressing force. The charging member of this embodiment is a charging roller. The charging roller 4 includes a conductive core metal 4a made of SUS and a conductive elastic layer 4b made of urethane rubber containing carbon formed on the outer periphery thereof.
Its outer diameter is 12 mm, and it is pressed against the surface of the photosensitive drum 3 by spring members (not shown) at both ends of the conductive cored bar 4a, and is driven to rotate as the photosensitive drum 3 rotates. Then, a predetermined voltage is applied to the conductive cored bar 4a from a power supply device (not shown), so that the peripheral surface of the rotary photosensitive drum 3 is uniformly charged to a predetermined polarity and potential by the charging roller 4 directly.
【００２６】その回転感光ドラム３の帯電処理面に対し
て、レーザスキャナユニット１から目的の画像情報の時
系列の電気デジタル画素信号に対応して変調出力された
レーザ光２０による走査露光がミラー２を介してなされ
て、回転感光ドラム３の周面に露光画像情報に対応した
静電潜像が形成されていく。The scanning exposure by the laser beam 20 modulated and output from the laser scanner unit 1 corresponding to the time-series electric digital pixel signal of the target image information on the charging surface of the rotating photosensitive drum 3 is reflected by the mirror 2. The electrostatic latent image corresponding to the exposure image information is formed on the peripheral surface of the rotating photosensitive drum 3 via the.
【００２７】その静電潜像は現像器５のトナー６により
トナー画像として可視像化される。そしてそのトナー画
像が転写ローラ７の位置にて感光ドラム３と転写ローラ
７との間に給送された転写材１４の面に対して順次に転
写されていく。転写ローラ７には不図示の電源装置によ
りトナーと逆極性の転写バイアスが印加されていてその
逆極性電荷が転写材の裏面に与えられることにより回転
感光ドラム３面側のトナー画像が転写材面側へ転写され
ていく。The electrostatic latent image is visualized as a toner image by the toner 6 of the developing device 5. Then, the toner image is sequentially transferred to the surface of the transfer material 14 fed between the photosensitive drum 3 and the transfer roller 7 at the position of the transfer roller 7. A transfer bias having a polarity opposite to that of the toner is applied to the transfer roller 7 by a power supply device (not shown), and an electric charge having the opposite polarity is applied to the back surface of the transfer material, whereby the toner image on the surface of the rotating photosensitive drum 3 is transferred to the transfer material surface. Transferred to the side.
【００２８】１２は画像形成装置本体に対して着脱自由
の給紙カセットであり、該カセット内の転写材１４が給
紙信号にもとづいて回転駆動される給紙ローラ１３と、
該ローラ１３に対向して設けられた分離パッド（不図
示）により１枚ずつ分離給送され、上下のガイドに沿っ
てガイドされて一対のレジストローラー１５に搬送され
る。レジストローラー１５は、転写材が来るまでは停止
しており、これに転写材１４の先端が突き当たることに
より、転写材１４の斜行を補正する。次いでレジストロ
ーラー１５は、前記感光ドラム３上に形成された画像の
先端と同期するように転写材１４を感光ドラム３と転写
ローラ７との間の転写部へと搬送する。Reference numeral 12 denotes a paper feed cassette that can be freely attached to and detached from the main body of the image forming apparatus, and a transfer material 14 in the cassette is driven to rotate based on a paper feed signal.
A separation pad (not shown) provided facing the roller 13 separates and feeds the sheets one by one, guides them along upper and lower guides, and conveys them to a pair of registration rollers 15. The registration roller 15 is stopped until the transfer material arrives, and the leading end of the transfer material 14 abuts against this, so that the skew of the transfer material 14 is corrected. Next, the registration roller 15 conveys the transfer material 14 to the transfer portion between the photosensitive drum 3 and the transfer roller 7 in synchronization with the leading end of the image formed on the photosensitive drum 3.
【００２９】転写部でトナー画像転写を受けた転写材は
感光ドラム３面から分離されて搬送ローラー及び搬送ガ
イド１６により定着器１７へ搬送される。定着器１７は
転写材１４上のトナー画像を熱および圧力で転写材１４
上に熔解・固着させることにより記録画像とする。画像
定着後の転写材１４はフラッパ（図示せず）により選択
された搬送路を経て排出トレイ１８又は同１９に排出さ
れる。The transfer material having undergone the toner image transfer at the transfer portion is separated from the surface of the photosensitive drum 3 and is transferred to the fixing device 17 by the transfer roller and the transfer guide 16. The fixing device 17 transfers the toner image on the transfer material 14 to the transfer material 14 by heat and pressure.
A recorded image is obtained by melting and fixing the above. After the image is fixed, the transfer material 14 is discharged to the discharge tray 18 or 19 via a conveyance path selected by a flapper (not shown).
【００３０】転写材に対するトナー画像転写後の回転感
光ドラム３面はクリーナー８により転写残りトナー等の
付着汚染物の除去がなされて清浄面化され、繰り返して
作像に供される。After the toner image is transferred onto the transfer material, the surface of the rotating photosensitive drum 3 is cleaned by a cleaner 8 to remove adhering contaminants such as transfer residual toner and the like, and is repeatedly used for image formation.
【００３１】本実施例のプリンターは感光ドラム３・帯
電ローラ４・現像器５・クリーナー８の４つのプロセス
機器を共通のカートリッジカバー（外装筐体）９内に納
めて一括してプリンター本体に対して着脱自在のプロセ
スカートリッジ１０としてある。プロセスカートリッジ
１０のプリンター本体に対する着脱は図２のようにプリ
ンター本体の前面扉３０を開いてプリンター本体内を解
放し、プリンター本体側のガイド１１（図１）にプロセ
スカートリッジ１０を係合させてガイド１１に沿って押
し込む、または引き出すことによりなされる。プロセス
カートリッジ１０をプリンター本体に対して充分に押し
込むとプリンター本体側に対してプロセスカートリッジ
１０が機械的・電気的に連結化する。In the printer of this embodiment, the photosensitive drum 3, the charging roller 4, the developing device 5, and the cleaner 8 are housed in a common cartridge cover (outer casing) 9 in a common cartridge cover 9 and the printer main body is collectively installed. The process cartridge 10 is detachable. To attach and detach the process cartridge 10 to and from the printer body, the front door 30 of the printer body is opened to release the inside of the printer body as shown in FIG. 2, and the guide 11 (FIG. 1) on the printer body side is engaged to guide the process cartridge 10. It is done by pushing in or pulling out along 11. When the process cartridge 10 is pushed sufficiently into the printer body, the process cartridge 10 is mechanically and electrically connected to the printer body side.
【００３２】なお、プロセスカートリッジは少なくと
も、像保持部材としての感光ドラム３と、帯電部材とし
ての帯電ローラ４を備えていればよい。The process cartridge may have at least the photosensitive drum 3 as an image holding member and the charging roller 4 as a charging member.
【００３３】（２）感光ドラム３（図３・図４）
図３は感光ドラム３の縦断面図、図４は図３の４−４線
に沿う拡大横断面図である。感光ドラム３は肉厚１mmの
アルミニウムから成るドラム基体３ａと、この基体の外
周面に形成された有機感光層３ｂとから成り、その外径
は３０mmである。(2) Photosensitive drum 3 (FIGS. 3 and 4) FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of the photosensitive drum 3, and FIG. 4 is an enlarged transverse sectional view taken along the line 4-4 of FIG. The photosensitive drum 3 is composed of a drum base body 3a made of aluminum having a thickness of 1 mm and an organic photosensitive layer 3b formed on the outer peripheral surface of the base body, and its outer diameter is 30 mm.
【００３４】３ｃはドラム内充填物（挿入物）としての
剛体あるいは弾性体である。充填物３ｃの材料として
は、アルミニウム、真鋳などの金属の他、セメント、石
膏等のセラミック、さらには天然ゴム等のゴム材料でも
よい。これらの中から生産性、加工性、重量の効果、コ
スト等を考慮して適宜選択すればよい。充填物３ｃの形
状としては、円柱、もしくは円筒形状とし、例えば感光
ドラム３の内径がφ２８．５Ｈ８の場合、充填物３ｃの
外径を１００μｍ小さくして挿入する。すなわち、感光
ドラム３と充填物３ｃとのギャップ（隙間）Ｄを最大１
００μｍ以下とし、その両者３・３ｃの固定方法を接着
剤３ｄ（例えばシアノアクリレート系、エボキシ樹脂
系）で行うことで、充填物３ｃを感光ドラム内部に固定
保持させ、感光ドラム３の重量自体と剛性を増加させ
る。接着手段としては、あらかじめ感光ドラム３（ドラ
ム基体３ａ）の内面に接着剤３ｄを塗布しておいても、
充填物３ｃの外面に塗布しておいてもよい。３ｅ・３ｅ
は感光ドラム３の両端部に取り付けたドラム端面部材で
ある。3c is a rigid body or an elastic body as a filling (insert) in the drum. The material of the filler 3c may be metal such as aluminum and brass, ceramics such as cement and gypsum, and rubber material such as natural rubber. It may be appropriately selected from these in consideration of productivity, processability, weight effect, cost and the like. The shape of the filler 3c is a column or a cylinder. For example, when the inner diameter of the photosensitive drum 3 is φ28.5H8, the outer diameter of the filler 3c is reduced by 100 μm and inserted. That is, the gap D between the photosensitive drum 3 and the filler 3c is 1 at maximum.
The thickness of the photosensitive drum 3 is set to 00 μm or less, and the fixing method for both of them 3c is performed with an adhesive 3d (for example, a cyanoacrylate type or an epoxy resin type) so that the filler 3c is fixed and held inside the photosensitive drum 3 and the weight of the photosensitive drum 3 itself. Increase rigidity. As an adhesion means, even if the adhesive 3d is applied to the inner surface of the photosensitive drum 3 (drum base 3a) in advance,
It may be applied to the outer surface of the filler 3c. 3e / 3e
Is a drum end surface member attached to both ends of the photosensitive drum 3.
【００３５】（３）帯電音に関する実験結果
次に、本発明者らによる帯電音に関する実験結果を表１
・表２に示す。具体的には、充填物３ｃの重量と音圧
（帯電により生ずる音）の関係を表１に、感光ドラム３
と充填物３ｃの挿入時のギャップと音圧の関係を表２に
示す。(3) Experimental Results on Charging Sound Next, the experimental results on the charging sound by the present inventors are shown in Table 1.
-Shown in Table 2. Specifically, Table 1 shows the relationship between the weight of the filling 3c and the sound pressure (sound generated by charging).
Table 2 shows the relationship between the sound pressure and the gap when the filler 3c is inserted.
【００３６】まず、前者の関係から示す。実験方法とし
ては、暗騒音30dB(A) の無響室にレーザビームプリンタ
「LBP-A404」（キヤノン株式会社製）用の帯電ローラ内
包のプロセスカートリッジを空回転機に装着、設置し、
このプリンタ本体の前面より１ｍの位置には、普通騒音
計「NL-02 」（リオン株式会社製）を設置する。上記プ
リンタは、外部より感光ドラムのみを自在に回転駆動さ
せられるよう改造されており、しかも帯電ローラに対し
ては外部高圧電源により所望の電圧を印加できるように
なっている。そして、単に感光ドラムを回転駆動させた
時の騒音レベルＸdB(A) と、感光ドラムを回転駆動させ
つつ、これと接触する帯電ローラに対し、その周波数を
変えた所定の交流電圧を印加したときの各々の騒音レベ
ルＹdB(A) とを測定し、それらの差△＝Ｙ−ＸdB(A) を
帯電音による騒音レベルの増加分として算出し比較す
る。なおこの時、感光ドラムの周速度は５０mm/sec、帯
電ローラに印加する交流電圧のピーク間電圧は２０００
Ｖとした。First, the former relationship will be described. As an experimental method, a process cartridge containing a charging roller for a laser beam printer "LBP-A404" (manufactured by Canon Inc.) was installed in an anechoic machine in an anechoic chamber with a background noise of 30 dB (A), and installed.
A normal sound level meter "NL-02" (manufactured by Rion Co., Ltd.) is installed at a position 1 m from the front of the printer body. The printer is modified so that only the photosensitive drum can be freely rotated from the outside, and a desired voltage can be applied to the charging roller by an external high voltage power supply. Then, when the noise level XdB (A) when the photosensitive drum is simply driven to rotate, and when a predetermined AC voltage with its frequency changed is applied to the charging roller in contact with the noise level while rotating the photosensitive drum. The noise level YdB (A) of each of the above is measured, and the difference Δ = Y−XdB (A) between them is calculated as an increase in the noise level due to the charging sound and compared. At this time, the peripheral speed of the photosensitive drum is 50 mm / sec, and the peak-to-peak voltage of the AC voltage applied to the charging roller is 2000.
It was set to V.
【００３７】
表１
Ｌ(mm)｜Ｄ(μm) ｜ 感光ドラム総重量(g) ｜ 音圧 △dB
１５ │ ５０ │ ９０ │ １０
３５ │ 〃 │ １２５ │ ６
５５ │ 〃 │ １６０ │ ４
７５ │ 〃 │ １９０ │ ３
９５ │ 〃 │ ２２５ │ ２
感光ドラム充填物材料 ； アルミ棒
Ｌ ； アルミ棒長さ
Ｄ ； ギャップ量（μｍ）
△dB ； 騒音レベルの増加分
表１によれば、同材料の充填物３ｃ（アルミ棒）を用い
て実験した場合、密着長さＬ、重量が増えれば音圧の減
少効果が大きいことがわかる。なお本発明者らの検討に
よれば、帯電音による騒音レベルの増加分△が４dB(A)
以下であれば、実用上問題のない騒音レベルであること
が確認されている。Table 1 L (mm) | D (μm) | Gross weight of photosensitive drum (g) | Sound pressure △ dB 15 │ 50 │ 90 │ 10 35 │ 〃 │ 125 │ 6 55 │ 〃 │ 160 │ 4 75 │ 〃 │ 190 │ 395 │ 〃 │ 225 │ 2 Photosensitive drum filling material ； Aluminum rod L ； Aluminum rod length D ； Gap amount (μm) △ dB ； According to Table 1, increase of noise level When an experiment is performed using the filling material 3c (aluminum rod), it can be seen that the sound pressure reducing effect is large when the contact length L and the weight increase. According to the study by the present inventors, the increase Δ of the noise level due to the charging noise is 4 dB (A)
It has been confirmed that the noise level is practically no problem if it is below.
【００３８】次に帯電音と、感光ドラム３と充填物３ｃ
の挿入時のギャップ量Ｄの関係についての実験結果を表
２に示す。実験方法は基本的には上記実験と同様とす
る。Next, the charging noise, the photosensitive drum 3 and the filling 3c
Table 2 shows the experimental results regarding the relationship of the gap amount D at the time of inserting. The experimental method is basically the same as the above experiment.
【００３９】
表２によれば、感光ドラム３と充填物３ｃとのギャップ
量Ｄが１００μｍ以下であれば充填物３ｃを感光ドラム
３に接着剤３ｄにより接着し固定すれば実用上問題のな
いレベルであることが分かった。但し、この結果を満足
するものは、前記結果で得られたドラム重量を満足する
ものであることが条件であり、接着具合としては、ギャ
ップ部Ｄに隙間なく接着剤３ｄが塗布されていなくとも
一部であっても帯電音対策としては十分な効果を発揮す
る。このような感光ドラムの製造方法としては、従来と
同様に、アルミニウム等のドラム基体３ａの外周面に有
機感光層３ｂを形成、乾燥させた後、充填物３ｃを挿
入、接着３ｄすれば良いため、例えば、感光ドラム基体
３ａの熱容量の増加に伴う、有機感光層３ｂの形成、乾
燥工程の長時間化のような生産性の極度の悪化等を招く
ことはない。[0039] According to Table 2, if the gap amount D between the photosensitive drum 3 and the filler 3c is 100 μm or less, the filler 3c is adhered and fixed to the photosensitive drum 3 with the adhesive 3d, so that there is no practical problem. I understood. However, the condition that satisfies this result is that the drum weight obtained in the above result is satisfied, and the condition of adhesion is that even if the adhesive 3d is not applied to the gap portion D without a gap. Even a part of them is sufficiently effective as a countermeasure against charging noise. As in the conventional method for manufacturing such a photosensitive drum, the organic photosensitive layer 3b may be formed on the outer peripheral surface of the drum base 3a made of aluminum or the like, dried, and then the filler 3c may be inserted and the adhesive 3d may be applied. For example, the increase of the heat capacity of the photosensitive drum substrate 3a does not cause the extreme deterioration of the productivity such as the formation of the organic photosensitive layer 3b and the lengthening of the drying process.
【００４０】また充填物３ｃの形状を、接着剤３ｄを満
べんなく流す工夫として図５に示すように円筒系の先端
部を一段段差３ｆを付けたりあるいはローレットをつけ
たりする。これらに関しても重量等は前記を満足するも
のでなければならず、感光ドラムとのギャップＤに関し
ても基本寸法が１００μｍ以下であればよい。As a shape of the filler 3c, the tip of the cylindrical system is provided with a step 3f or a knurl, as shown in FIG. Also regarding these, the weight etc. must satisfy the above, and the basic dimension of the gap D with the photosensitive drum may be 100 μm or less.
【００４１】なお、上記の実施例は帯電部材がローラ型
（帯電ローラ）である場合であるが、帯電部材はブレー
ド型（帯電ブレード）・パッド型・ブロック型・ロッド
型・ワイヤ型等のものでもよく、それらの場合でも帯電
音騒音の抑制はなされる。In the above embodiment, the charging member is a roller type (charging roller), but the charging member is a blade type (charging blade), pad type, block type, rod type, wire type or the like. However, charging noise is suppressed even in those cases.
【００４２】[0042]
【発明の効果】以上説明したように、本発明によれば、
像担持部材内部に、剛体あるいは弾性体を挿入し、かつ
挿入時の隙間が１００μｍ以下のときその両者の固定手
段として接着剤で接着することにより、帯電音の主原因
たる像保持部材の振動を抑制することができ、帯電部材
に印加する交流電圧の周波数を高く設定した場合にあっ
ても、帯電音の発生を低く押えることが可能となる。As described above, according to the present invention,
By inserting a rigid body or an elastic body inside the image bearing member, and when the gap at the time of insertion is 100 μm or less, and adhering them both with an adhesive, the vibration of the image holding member, which is the main cause of the charging noise, can be prevented. Therefore, even if the frequency of the AC voltage applied to the charging member is set high, it is possible to suppress the generation of charging noise to a low level.
【図１】 一実施例の画像形成装置の縦断正面図FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional front view of an image forming apparatus according to an embodiment.
【図２】 プロセスカートリッジ抜き差し状態時の斜視
図FIG. 2 is a perspective view when the process cartridge is inserted and removed.
【図３】 感光ドラムの縦断面図FIG. 3 is a vertical sectional view of a photosensitive drum
【図４】 感光ドラムの拡大横断面図FIG. 4 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a photosensitive drum.
【図５】 感光ドラムの他の構成例の要部図FIG. 5 is a principal part diagram of another configuration example of the photosensitive drum.
【図６】 接触帯電の説明図FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of contact charging.
【符号の説明】 ３ 像保持部材（感光ドラム） ３ａ ドラム基体 ３ｂ 感光層 ３ｃ 挿入物（充填物） ３ｄ 接着剤 ４ 帯電部材（帯電ローラ）[Explanation of symbols] 3 Image holding member (photosensitive drum) 3a drum base 3b Photosensitive layer 3c Insert (filling) 3d adhesive 4 Charging member (charging roller)
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 小山 浩 東京都大田区下丸子３丁目30番２号 キヤ ノン株式会社内 (72)発明者 後藤 正弘 東京都大田区下丸子３丁目30番２号 キヤ ノン株式会社内 (72)発明者 高野 学 東京都大田区下丸子３丁目30番２号 キヤ ノン株式会社内 (72)発明者 吉原 淑之 東京都大田区下丸子３丁目30番２号 キヤ ノン株式会社内 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued front page (72) Inventor Hiroshi Koyama 3-30-2 Shimomaruko, Ota-ku, Tokyo Non non corporation (72) Inventor Masahiro Goto 3-30-2 Shimomaruko, Ota-ku, Tokyo Non non corporation (72) Inventor Manabu Takano 3-30-2 Shimomaruko, Ota-ku, Tokyo Non non corporation (72) Inventor Yoshiyuki Yoshihara 3-30-2 Shimomaruko, Ota-ku, Tokyo Non non corporation
Claims (3)
電処理を受ける像保持部材であり、 該像保持部材の内部に、剛体あるいは弾性体からなる挿
入物が存在し、像保持部材内に挿入物を挿入した状態で
像保持部材内面と挿入物外面との隙間が１００μｍ以下
のとき該挿入物が接着剤で像保持部材内面に固定保持さ
れている、 ことを特徴とする像保持部材。1. An image holding member that is subjected to a charging process by contact with a charging member to which a voltage is applied, wherein an insert made of a rigid body or an elastic body is present inside the image holding member, and is inserted into the image holding member. An image holding member, wherein the insert is fixed and held on the inner surface of the image holding member with an adhesive when the gap between the inner surface of the image holding member and the outer surface of the insert is 100 μm or less in a state where the object is inserted.
され該像保持部材に接触して像保持部材を帯電処理する
帯電部材を包含し、画像形成装置本体に対して着脱自由
のプロセスカートリッジであり、 前記像保持部材は、内部に剛体あるいは弾性体からなる
挿入物が存在し、像保持部材内に挿入物を挿入した状態
で像保持部材内面と挿入物外面との隙間が１００μｍ以
下のとき該挿入物が接着剤で像保持部材内面に固定保持
されている、ことを特徴とするプロセスカートリッジ。2. A process cartridge which includes at least an image holding member and a charging member which is applied with a voltage to contact the image holding member to charge the image holding member, and which is detachable from the main body of the image forming apparatus. The image holding member has an insert made of a rigid body or an elastic body inside, and the gap between the inner surface of the image holding member and the outer surface of the insert is 100 μm or less when the insert is inserted in the image holding member. A process cartridge, wherein the insert is fixedly held on an inner surface of an image holding member with an adhesive.
を接触させて帯電処理をする工程を含む作像プロセスを
適用して画像形成を実行する画像形成装置であり、 前記像保持部材は、内部に剛体あるいは弾性体からなる
挿入物が存在し、像保持部材内に挿入物を挿入した状態
で像保持部材内面と挿入物外面との隙間が１００μｍ以
下のとき該挿入物が接着剤で像保持部材内面に固定保持
されている、ことを特徴とする画像形成装置。3. An image forming apparatus for performing image formation by applying an image forming process including a step of charging a charging member to which a voltage is applied to the image holding member to perform a charging process. When an insert made of a rigid body or an elastic body is present inside and the gap between the inner surface of the image holding member and the outer surface of the insert is 100 μm or less with the insert inserted in the image holding member, the insert is adhesive. An image forming apparatus, which is fixedly held on an inner surface of an image holding member.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3217869A JPH0535167A (en) | 1991-08-03 | 1991-08-03 | Image holding member and process cartridge formed by using this member and image forming device |
| EP92306962A EP0526208A1 (en) | 1991-07-31 | 1992-07-30 | Photosensitive member and electrophotographic apparatus using same |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3217869A JPH0535167A (en) | 1991-08-03 | 1991-08-03 | Image holding member and process cartridge formed by using this member and image forming device |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0535167A true JPH0535167A (en) | 1993-02-12 |
Family
ID=16711047
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3217869A Pending JPH0535167A (en) | 1991-07-31 | 1991-08-03 | Image holding member and process cartridge formed by using this member and image forming device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0535167A (en) |
Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH07319328A (en) * | 1994-05-30 | 1995-12-08 | Nec Corp | Vibration proofing device for photoreceptor drum |
| US5669045A (en) * | 1994-08-26 | 1997-09-16 | Xerox Corp. | Electrostatographic imaging member and process for fabricating member |
| US5722016A (en) * | 1994-08-26 | 1998-02-24 | Xerox Corporation | Electrostatographic imaging member assembly |
| US5960236A (en) * | 1998-08-28 | 1999-09-28 | Xerox Corporation | Recycled silencer |
| US6075955A (en) * | 1998-01-23 | 2000-06-13 | Mitsubishi Chemical America, Inc. | Noise reducing device for photosensitive drum of an image forming apparatus |
| US6097914A (en) * | 1997-01-17 | 2000-08-01 | Ricoh Company, Ltd. | Image bearing member and method of manufacturing the member and image forming apparatus using the member |
| US6212342B1 (en) * | 1999-08-11 | 2001-04-03 | Mitsubishi Chemical America, Inc. | Weighted noise reducing device for photosensitive drum of an image forming apparatus |
| US6757508B2 (en) | 2001-05-23 | 2004-06-29 | Ricoh Company, Ltd. | Image carrier and damping member therefor |
| US7010246B2 (en) | 2002-06-10 | 2006-03-07 | Ricoh Company, Ltd. | Image forming apparatus, drum unit, image forming module, and method of insertion and removal of a damper into and from an image carrier drum |
| US7155143B2 (en) * | 2004-11-10 | 2006-12-26 | Xerox Corporation | Silencer for an imaging device photoreceptor |
| US7437097B2 (en) * | 2004-02-20 | 2008-10-14 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Electrophotographic photosensitive member whose insert member has first and second surfaces of different levels, process cartridge, and electrophotographic apparatus having such photosensitive member |
| US7668483B2 (en) | 2006-07-21 | 2010-02-23 | Seiko Epson Corporation | Image forming apparatus |
-
1991
- 1991-08-03 JP JP3217869A patent/JPH0535167A/en active Pending
Cited By (17)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH07319328A (en) * | 1994-05-30 | 1995-12-08 | Nec Corp | Vibration proofing device for photoreceptor drum |
| US5669045A (en) * | 1994-08-26 | 1997-09-16 | Xerox Corp. | Electrostatographic imaging member and process for fabricating member |
| US5722016A (en) * | 1994-08-26 | 1998-02-24 | Xerox Corporation | Electrostatographic imaging member assembly |
| US6097914A (en) * | 1997-01-17 | 2000-08-01 | Ricoh Company, Ltd. | Image bearing member and method of manufacturing the member and image forming apparatus using the member |
| US6075955A (en) * | 1998-01-23 | 2000-06-13 | Mitsubishi Chemical America, Inc. | Noise reducing device for photosensitive drum of an image forming apparatus |
| WO2000036472A1 (en) * | 1998-01-23 | 2000-06-22 | Mitsubishi Chemical America, Inc. | Noise reducing device for photosensitive drum of an image forming apparatus |
| US5960236A (en) * | 1998-08-28 | 1999-09-28 | Xerox Corporation | Recycled silencer |
| US6212342B1 (en) * | 1999-08-11 | 2001-04-03 | Mitsubishi Chemical America, Inc. | Weighted noise reducing device for photosensitive drum of an image forming apparatus |
| US6757508B2 (en) | 2001-05-23 | 2004-06-29 | Ricoh Company, Ltd. | Image carrier and damping member therefor |
| EP1992999A2 (en) | 2001-05-23 | 2008-11-19 | Ricoh Company, Ltd. | Image carrier and damping member therefor |
| EP1992999A3 (en) * | 2001-05-23 | 2008-12-24 | Ricoh Company, Ltd. | Image carrier and damping member therefor |
| US7010246B2 (en) | 2002-06-10 | 2006-03-07 | Ricoh Company, Ltd. | Image forming apparatus, drum unit, image forming module, and method of insertion and removal of a damper into and from an image carrier drum |
| US7321742B2 (en) | 2002-06-10 | 2008-01-22 | Ricoh Company, Ltd. | Image forming apparatus, drum unit, image forming module, and method of insertion and removal of a damper into and from an image carrier drum |
| US7548712B2 (en) | 2002-06-10 | 2009-06-16 | Ricoh Company, Ltd. | Image forming apparatus, drum unit, image forming module, and method of insertion and removal of a damper into and from an image carrier drum |
| US7437097B2 (en) * | 2004-02-20 | 2008-10-14 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Electrophotographic photosensitive member whose insert member has first and second surfaces of different levels, process cartridge, and electrophotographic apparatus having such photosensitive member |
| US7155143B2 (en) * | 2004-11-10 | 2006-12-26 | Xerox Corporation | Silencer for an imaging device photoreceptor |
| US7668483B2 (en) | 2006-07-21 | 2010-02-23 | Seiko Epson Corporation | Image forming apparatus |
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