JPH05315837A - High stable crystal oscillator - Google Patents
High stable crystal oscillatorInfo
- Publication number
- JPH05315837A JPH05315837A JP14488492A JP14488492A JPH05315837A JP H05315837 A JPH05315837 A JP H05315837A JP 14488492 A JP14488492 A JP 14488492A JP 14488492 A JP14488492 A JP 14488492A JP H05315837 A JPH05315837 A JP H05315837A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- frequency
- crystal oscillator
- oscillator
- temperature
- output
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- Oscillators With Electromechanical Resonators (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は高安定度水晶発振器に関
し、詳細には恒温槽型発振器と温度補償型水晶発振器と
を組み合わせて、電源投入時の恒温槽型発振器の不安定
性を温度補償発振器によって補い、電源投入時から高安
定度の周波数信号を得ることができる発振器に関するも
のである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a high-stability crystal oscillator, and more particularly to a combination of a constant-temperature bath oscillator and a temperature-compensated crystal oscillator to eliminate the instability of the constant-temperature oscillator when the power is turned on. The present invention relates to an oscillator capable of obtaining a high-stability frequency signal even after power is turned on.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来技術】周波数計測装置やスペクトルアナライザ等
の測定器においては極めて高安定度の周波数信号が必要
であり、その安定度によって測定器の精度が決定される
と言っても過言ではない。そのため従来からできるだけ
高安定度の発振周波数を得るための対策が成されてい
る。2. Description of the Related Art It is no exaggeration to say that a measuring device such as a frequency measuring device or a spectrum analyzer requires a frequency signal with extremely high stability, and the accuracy of the measuring device is determined by the stability. Therefore, conventionally, measures have been taken to obtain an oscillation frequency with the highest possible stability.
【０００３】従来高精度の測定器に使用する発振器は、
水晶振動子やその他温度の影響を受け易い回路部品を一
定の温度を保つ恒温槽に密封した恒温槽型発振器が使用
されるが、恒温槽の内部温度は一般的に７０〜８０度等
の高い温度に設定されることから、電源投入直後は恒温
槽内部温度が急速に上昇せず、所要温度になるまでに凡
そ１０分から３０分を要し、その間は発振周波数が安定
しないため測定器としての機能を果たせないと云う欠点
があった。The oscillator used in the conventional high-precision measuring instrument is
A constant temperature bath type oscillator is used in which a crystal unit and other circuit components that are easily affected by temperature are sealed in a constant temperature bath that maintains a constant temperature. The internal temperature of the constant temperature bath is generally high, such as 70 to 80 degrees. Since the temperature is set, the temperature inside the thermostatic chamber does not rise rapidly immediately after the power is turned on, and it takes about 10 to 30 minutes to reach the required temperature. During that time, the oscillation frequency is not stable, so There was a drawback that it could not fulfill its function.
【０００４】従って、従来の恒温槽型発振器を使用する
測定器等においては、常時電源を投入しておく等の使用
方法をとらざるを得ず、消費電力が嵩むという欠点だけ
でなく、装置の耐用年数が短くなると云う問題があっ
た。Therefore, in a conventional measuring instrument or the like using a constant temperature oven oscillator, there is no choice but to use the power source such as always turning on the power source, which is not only a drawback that power consumption increases but also the device There was a problem that the service life was shortened.
【０００５】[0005]
【発明の目的】本発明はこのような従来の高安定度水晶
発振器の問題点を解決し、耐用年数が長く、しかも電源
投入直後から比較的高安定度の周波数信号を得ることが
できる水晶発振器を提供することを目的としている。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention solves the problems of the conventional high-stability crystal oscillator, has a long service life, and is capable of obtaining a relatively stable frequency signal immediately after the power is turned on. Is intended to provide.
【０００６】[0006]
【発明の概要】この目的を達成するために本発明では、
水晶振動子の環境温度を所定温度に保った恒温槽型水晶
発振器と、温度補償型水晶発振器と、上記二つの発振器
の周波数差を検出する周波数検出回路と、上記二つの発
振器出力を切り替えて出力するスイッチ手段と、上記周
波数検出回路によって上記スイッチ手段を制御する手段
とを具えたことを特徴としている。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION To achieve this object, the present invention provides:
Temperature controlled crystal oscillator that keeps the ambient temperature of the crystal unit at a specified temperature, temperature compensated crystal oscillator, frequency detection circuit that detects the frequency difference between the two oscillators, and output by switching the two oscillator outputs And a means for controlling the switch means by the frequency detection circuit.
【０００７】[0007]
【実施例】以下図面に示した実施例を参照しながら本発
明を詳細に説明する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings.
【０００８】図１は本発明の一実施例を示したブロック
構成図であり、この図に示す水晶発振器は、恒温槽付き
水晶発振器１と、温度補償型水晶発振器２と、上記二つ
の水晶発振器の出力を切り替えて出力するスイッチ回路
３と、上記二つの水晶発振器の出力する信号周波数を比
較し両者の差によって上記スイッチを制御する周波数比
較回路４とを具えた構成となっている。FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention. The crystal oscillator shown in this figure includes a crystal oscillator 1 with a thermostatic chamber, a temperature-compensated crystal oscillator 2, and the above-mentioned two crystal oscillators. The switch circuit 3 for switching and outputting the output of 1 and the frequency comparison circuit 4 for comparing the signal frequencies output by the two crystal oscillators and controlling the switch by the difference between the two.
【０００９】更に各ブロックの構成を説明すると、上記
恒温槽付き水晶発振器１は、内部温度を一定に保った恒
温槽１０と、その内部に収納された水晶振動子１１と、
該水晶振動子を接続した発振回路１２と、上記恒温槽１
０の温度を制御する温度制御回路１３とを具えており、
温度制御回路は恒温槽内部温度をサ−ミスタ等の感温素
子によって検出すると共に内部温度が７０度乃至は８０
度に一定になるようにヒ−タに通電する。The structure of each block will be further described. The crystal oscillator with a constant temperature oven 1 has a constant temperature oven 10 having a constant internal temperature, a crystal oscillator 11 housed inside the constant temperature oven 10.
Oscillation circuit 12 to which the crystal oscillator is connected, and the constant temperature bath 1
And a temperature control circuit 13 for controlling the temperature of 0,
The temperature control circuit detects the internal temperature of the constant temperature bath by a temperature sensitive element such as a thermistor, and the internal temperature is 70 to 80 degrees.
Energize the heater so that it becomes constant every time.
【００１０】また周波数比較器４は、上記恒温槽付き水
晶発振器１の出力と温度補償型水晶発振器２の出力とを
混合するミキサ４１と、この混合出力から両信号の差を
抽出する低域フィルタ４２と、低域フィルタ出力波形を
整形する波形整形回路４３と、整形されパルス信号とな
った出力のパルス数を計測し、計測結果に基づいて上記
スイッチ回路３を制御するパルス係数回路４４とからな
っている。The frequency comparator 4 includes a mixer 41 for mixing the output of the crystal oscillator 1 with a thermostat and the output of the temperature-compensated crystal oscillator 2, and a low-pass filter for extracting the difference between the two signals from the mixed output. 42, a waveform shaping circuit 43 that shapes the output waveform of the low-pass filter, and a pulse coefficient circuit 44 that measures the number of pulses of the output that has been shaped into a pulse signal and controls the switch circuit 3 based on the measurement result. Has become.
【００１１】温度補償型水晶発振器２は水晶振動子の温
度特性に応じて発振周波数を所定値になるように制御し
たもので、例えば電圧制御可変容量ダイオ−ド等の可変
リアクタンスやサ−ミスタ等の感温素子を組み合わせた
種々のアナログ式回路或はデジタル式回路が知られてい
る。The temperature-compensated crystal oscillator 2 controls the oscillation frequency to a predetermined value in accordance with the temperature characteristics of the crystal oscillator. For example, a variable reactance such as a voltage controlled variable capacitance diode or a thermistor. Various analog-type or digital-type circuits in which the temperature-sensitive elements are combined are known.
【００１２】このように構成された発振回路は次のよう
に制御され且つ動作する。先ず、電源が投入されると、
その直後は恒温槽内部温度が低いため希望する発振周波
数からは大きく離れた値であり、時間の経過に応じて恒
温槽内部温度が所定値に近づくにつれ希望周波数に接近
する。一方、温度補償型水晶発振器２は周波数安定度は
さ程高くはないが電源投入直後からある程度の周波数安
定度をもった信号を発生する。そこで、電源投入直後か
らしばらくの間は温度補償型水晶発振回路２の出力を選
択するようにスイッチ回路を制御すると共に、周波数比
較回路４において恒温槽付き水晶発振器の出力信号と温
度補償型水晶発振器との出力信号周波数を比較し、恒温
槽付き水晶発振器の出力信号が温度補償型水晶発振器の
出力信号周波数より希望信号周波数に近づいた時点で、
上記スイッチ回路３を制御して、恒温槽付き水晶発振器
出力を選択する。The oscillator circuit configured as described above is controlled and operates as follows. First, when the power is turned on,
Immediately after that, since the temperature inside the constant temperature bath is low, the value is far from the desired oscillation frequency, and approaches the desired frequency as the temperature inside the constant temperature chamber approaches a predetermined value over time. On the other hand, the temperature compensated crystal oscillator 2 generates a signal having a certain frequency stability immediately after the power is turned on, although the frequency stability is not so high. Therefore, the switch circuit is controlled so as to select the output of the temperature-compensated crystal oscillation circuit 2 for a while immediately after the power is turned on, and the output signal of the crystal oscillator with a thermostatic chamber and the temperature-compensated crystal oscillator are controlled in the frequency comparison circuit 4. Compare the output signal frequency with the, and when the output signal of the crystal oscillator with constant temperature bath is closer to the desired signal frequency than the output signal frequency of the temperature compensation type crystal oscillator,
The switch circuit 3 is controlled to select the crystal oscillator output with a constant temperature oven.
【００１３】図２は上記制御の模様を説明するための図
であり、両者の発振器の発振周波数の時間的変化を図示
したものである。この図について説明すると、図の左半
分は縦軸の目盛りが１０-6で横軸がｍｉｎ（分）で示
し、図の右半分は縦軸が１０-8、横軸がｓｅｃ（秒）で
示されている。この図から明らかなように、恒温槽付き
水晶発振器では電源投入直後は周波数偏差が３＊１０-5
と大きくづれているが約３０分後には周波数偏差が５＊
１０-8と高い安定度に達するのに対し、温度補償水晶発
振器では電源投入直後から５＊１０-7の周波数偏差を保
つ。そこで、この実施例では両者の周波数が交差するＰ
点近傍において上記スイッチ回路を制御し、それ以前は
温度補償型水晶発振器の出力を、またそれ以後は恒温槽
付き水晶発振器の出力を選択して出力するように制御す
る。FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining the pattern of the above-mentioned control, and illustrates the temporal changes in the oscillation frequencies of both oscillators. Explaining this figure, the left half of the figure shows the scale of the vertical axis as 10 -6 and the horizontal axis as min (minutes), and the right half of the figure shows the vertical axis as 10 -8 and the horizontal axis as sec (seconds). It is shown. As is clear from this figure, in the crystal oscillator with constant temperature chamber, the frequency deviation is 3 * 10 -5 immediately after the power is turned on.
The frequency deviation is 5 * after about 30 minutes.
While it reaches a high stability of 10 -8 , the temperature-compensated crystal oscillator maintains a frequency deviation of 5 * 10 -7 immediately after the power is turned on. Therefore, in this embodiment, P at which both frequencies cross
The switch circuit is controlled in the vicinity of the point, and the output of the temperature-compensated crystal oscillator before that and the output of the crystal oscillator with a thermostatic chamber are selected and output thereafter.
【００１４】この制御は周波数比較回路４によって実行
するが、その制御例を図３に示す。図３は周波数比較回
路の各部の信号波形を図示したもので、先ず、この周波
数比較回路４のミキサ４１には二つの発振器の差の信号
が発生するが、電源投入直後は非常に大きな周波数が出
力されることになり、その波形は図３のａのようにな
る。この混合信号には二つの周波数の和と差が含まれて
おり、次の低域フィルタによって両周波数の差のみが選
択され出力される（図３のｂ）。この信号は波形整形回
路４３において図３のｃに示すようにパルス波形に整え
られ、次の計数回路４４によって単位時間あたりのパル
ス数が計数される。This control is executed by the frequency comparison circuit 4, and an example of the control is shown in FIG. FIG. 3 shows the signal waveform of each part of the frequency comparison circuit. First, a signal of the difference between the two oscillators is generated in the mixer 41 of the frequency comparison circuit 4, but a very large frequency immediately after the power is turned on. It will be output, and its waveform will be as shown in FIG. This mixed signal contains the sum and difference of the two frequencies, and only the difference between the two frequencies is selected and output by the next low pass filter (b in FIG. 3). This signal is shaped into a pulse waveform by the waveform shaping circuit 43 as shown in FIG. 3C, and the number of pulses per unit time is counted by the next counting circuit 44.
【００１５】両者の周波数は時間と共に接近し、上記Ｐ
点において両周波数が一致するから上記計数回路の結果
はゼロとなる。そこで、この結果によってそれまで温度
補償水晶発振器出力を選択していたスイッチ回路３を切
り替えて、恒温槽付き水晶発振器出力を出力する。Both frequencies approach with time, and the P
Since both frequencies match at a point, the result of the counting circuit becomes zero. Therefore, according to this result, the switch circuit 3 which has previously selected the temperature-compensated crystal oscillator output is switched to output the crystal oscillator output with a thermostatic chamber.
【００１６】なお、この切り替え後は、温度補償水晶発
振器は必要ないので、周波数比較回路と共々電源を遮断
してもよいが、何らかの原因で恒温槽付き水晶発振器出
力周波数が大きく変動した場合に具えて両者の電源をそ
のままにし常時二つの信号周波数を比較しておき、必要
に応じて温度補償型水晶発振器側に切り替えるように構
成することもできる。Since the temperature-compensated crystal oscillator is not required after this switching, the power supply may be shut off together with the frequency comparison circuit. It is also possible to keep the power supplies of both devices as they are and compare the two signal frequencies at all times, and switch to the temperature-compensated crystal oscillator side if necessary.
【００１７】以上のように構成すれば、電源投入直後か
ら恒温槽付き水晶発振器の出力周波数が所要値に達する
までは併設した温度補償型水晶発振器の出力を選択し、
より安定度の高い恒温槽付き水晶発振器出力が所望値に
達した後はこれに切り替えることができるから、両者の
特徴を生かした発振器を構成することができる。With the above configuration, the output of the temperature-compensated crystal oscillator provided side by side is selected from immediately after the power is turned on until the output frequency of the crystal oscillator with the thermostat reaches the required value.
After the crystal oscillator output with a thermostat having a higher stability reaches a desired value, it can be switched to this value, so that an oscillator that makes the best use of the features of both can be constructed.
【００１８】[0018]
【発明の効果】本発明は、以上説明したように周波数安
定度が極めて高いが周波数が安定するまでに長時間を要
する恒温槽付き水晶発振器と、立ち上がり時間は短いが
周波数安定度が劣る温度補償型水晶発振器とを組み合わ
せ、電源投入直後からしばらくの間は立ち上がり特性に
優れた温度補償型水晶発振器の出力を選択し、恒温槽付
き水晶発振器の出力が安定した後はこれを選択するよう
に構成したので、電源投入直後からある程度の安定度を
もった周波数情報を得ることができる。As described above, the present invention provides a crystal oscillator with a thermostatic chamber which has extremely high frequency stability but requires a long time for the frequency to stabilize, and temperature compensation which has a short rise time but poor frequency stability. In combination with a crystal oscillator, the output of a temperature-compensated crystal oscillator with excellent startup characteristics is selected for a while immediately after the power is turned on, and is selected after the output of the crystal oscillator with an oven is stable. Therefore, it is possible to obtain frequency information with a certain degree of stability immediately after the power is turned on.
【００１９】また、恒温槽付き水晶発振器使用時であっ
ても、これに障害が生じた場合、迅速に温度補償型発振
器に切り替えることができるから、発振器としての信頼
性を高める上でも効果がある。Further, even when a crystal oscillator with a constant temperature oven is used, if a failure occurs in the crystal oscillator, the temperature-compensated oscillator can be switched to quickly, which is effective in improving the reliability of the oscillator. .
【図１】本発明の一実施例を示すブロック構成図であ
る。FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention.
【図２】本発明の制御及び動作を説明するための周波数
特性図である。FIG. 2 is a frequency characteristic diagram for explaining control and operation of the present invention.
【図３】本発明において使用する周波数比較回路の動作
例を説明する信号波形図であり、(a) はミキサ出力波
形、(b) は低域フィルタ出力波形、(c) は波形整形回路
出力波形である。FIG. 3 is a signal waveform diagram illustrating an operation example of a frequency comparison circuit used in the present invention, (a) is a mixer output waveform, (b) is a low-pass filter output waveform, and (c) is a waveform shaping circuit output. It is a waveform.
１ 恒温槽付き水晶発振器、 ２ 温度補償型水晶発
振器、３ スイッチ回路、 ４ 周波数比較回路、１０
恒温槽、 １１ 水晶振動子、 １２ 発振回路、
１３ 恒温槽制御回路、 ４１ ミキサ、 ４２ 低域
フィルタ、 ４３ 波形整形回路、 ４４ 計数回路。1 crystal oscillator with constant temperature bath, 2 temperature compensated crystal oscillator, 3 switch circuit, 4 frequency comparison circuit, 10
Constant temperature bath, 11 crystal oscillator, 12 oscillator circuit,
13 constant temperature bath control circuit, 41 mixer, 42 low pass filter, 43 waveform shaping circuit, 44 counting circuit.
Claims (2)
温度に保つ恒温槽型水晶発振器と、温度補償型水晶発振
器と、上記二つの発振器の周波数差を検出する周波数検
出回路と、上記二つの発振器出力を切り替えて出力する
スイッチ手段と、上記周波数検出回路によって上記スイ
ッチ手段を制御する手段とを具えたことを特徴とする高
安定度水晶発振器。1. A constant temperature oven type crystal oscillator for keeping at least the ambient temperature of the crystal unit at a predetermined temperature, a temperature compensation type crystal oscillator, a frequency detection circuit for detecting a frequency difference between the two oscillators, and the two oscillators. A high-stability crystal oscillator, comprising switch means for switching and outputting the output, and means for controlling the switch means by the frequency detection circuit.
温度に保つ恒温槽型水晶発振器と、温度補償型水晶発振
器と、上記二つの発振器出力を切り替えて出力するスイ
ッチ手段と、上記二つの発振器の周波数差を検出する周
波数検出回路とを備え、電源投入時は温度補償型水晶発
振器の出力を、また上記二つの発振器の周波数差が一定
値以下になった時は恒温槽型水晶発振器の出力を選択す
ることを特徴とする高安定度水晶発振器。2. A constant temperature chamber type crystal oscillator for keeping at least the ambient temperature of the crystal unit at a predetermined temperature, a temperature compensation type crystal oscillator, a switch means for switching between the outputs of the two oscillators and outputting the two oscillators. Equipped with a frequency detection circuit that detects the frequency difference, the output of the temperature-compensated crystal oscillator when the power is turned on, and the output of the temperature-controlled crystal oscillator when the frequency difference between the two oscillators is below a certain value. High stability crystal oscillator characterized by selection.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP14488492A JPH05315837A (en) | 1992-05-11 | 1992-05-11 | High stable crystal oscillator |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP14488492A JPH05315837A (en) | 1992-05-11 | 1992-05-11 | High stable crystal oscillator |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH05315837A true JPH05315837A (en) | 1993-11-26 |
Family
ID=15372612
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP14488492A Pending JPH05315837A (en) | 1992-05-11 | 1992-05-11 | High stable crystal oscillator |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH05315837A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112422123A (en) * | 2020-11-24 | 2021-02-26 | 武汉滨湖电子有限责任公司 | Low-phase noise frequency synthesizer and local oscillator implementation method |
-
1992
- 1992-05-11 JP JP14488492A patent/JPH05315837A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112422123A (en) * | 2020-11-24 | 2021-02-26 | 武汉滨湖电子有限责任公司 | Low-phase noise frequency synthesizer and local oscillator implementation method |
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