JPH05305332A - Method for hot extrusion - Google Patents

Method for hot extrusion

Info

Publication number
JPH05305332A
JPH05305332A JP10985392A JP10985392A JPH05305332A JP H05305332 A JPH05305332 A JP H05305332A JP 10985392 A JP10985392 A JP 10985392A JP 10985392 A JP10985392 A JP 10985392A JP H05305332 A JPH05305332 A JP H05305332A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
extrusion
die
angle
diameter
tip
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
JP10985392A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Tsunetoshi Takahashi
常利 高橋
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Nippon Steel Corp
Original Assignee
Nippon Steel Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nippon Steel Corp filed Critical Nippon Steel Corp
Priority to JP10985392A priority Critical patent/JPH05305332A/en
Publication of JPH05305332A publication Critical patent/JPH05305332A/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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  • Extrusion Of Metal (AREA)

Abstract

PURPOSE:To reduce top and peak extrusion pressure and enlarge a range which can be extruded by optimizing the combination of a flowing in angle of material into a die, a hole diameter of the die, a tapered angle of the tip part of the material and the diameter of the billet. CONSTITUTION:The value of the taper angle beta of the tip part of the material the angle alpha, of the die is made <=0.75, the end face of the tip part of the material is cut by >=20mm to give a taper and the diameter(d) of the tip of the materil/the diameter D of the die hole is made <=2.5. In this way, the value of the top and peak extrusion pressure Pr/a stationary extrusion prssure Ps is reduced and a range which can be manufactured by hot extrusion can bw widened. For example, when the stationary rolling pressure Ps and the top and peak pressure Pr are compared with each other as SUS304 is used for the extrusion material, the stationary extrusion pressure Ps does not change but the top and peak extrusion pressure is reduced in a combination of alpha=90 deg. and beta=30 deg..

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】Detailed Description of the Invention

【0001】[0001]

【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、金属素材の熱間押出方
法に関するものである。
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a hot extrusion method for metallic materials.

【0002】[0002]

【従来の技術】熱間押出加工法は1回の加工率が大きく
且つ、ダイスの交換のみで、種々の断面形状の長尺製品
が得られるという利点を有していると共に、圧縮加工で
あるため、変形能が劣る材料も表面欠陥を生じることな
く所望の断面形状が得られることから、多種類の金属の
加工法として広く採用されている。しかし、素材を密閉
された容器内に挿入し、素材の後端部を前方に押すため
の押出力の限界により、素材断面積や押出製品断面積が
制約を受ける。
2. Description of the Related Art The hot extrusion method has the advantages that it has a large one-time processing rate and that long products having various cross-sectional shapes can be obtained only by exchanging dies, and it is compression processing. Therefore, even a material having inferior deformability can obtain a desired cross-sectional shape without causing surface defects, and is therefore widely used as a processing method for many kinds of metals. However, the material cross-sectional area and the extruded product cross-sectional area are restricted by the limit of the pushing force for pushing the rear end portion of the material forward by inserting the material into the closed container.

【0003】従って、後方からの押出能力、換言すれば
熱間押出装置の最大押出力(以後押出力量と称する)
で、製造可能範囲は決まってくる。押出加工時の押出力
の変化は、図2に示すように、押出開始時にピークとし
て現れる最大押出力(以後トップピーク押出力又はPT
で表示する)と比較的平坦な推移を示す押出力(以後定
常押出力又はPS で表示する)とから成っている。
Therefore, the pushing capacity from the rear, in other words, the maximum pushing force of the hot pushing device (hereinafter referred to as pushing force amount)
So, the manufacturable range is decided. As shown in FIG. 2, the change in the pushing force during extrusion is the maximum pushing force that appears as a peak at the start of extrusion (hereinafter, top peak pushing force or P T
Is displayed) and a push output showing a relatively flat transition (hereinafter, referred to as a steady push output or P S ).

【0004】ここで、押出加工可能範囲を決める力量は
トップピーク押出力であり、押出装置の力量がこれ以下
では、押出加工は不可能となる。換言すれば、定常押出
力が押出装置の力量以下でも、トップピーク押出力がそ
れ以上であれば押出は不可能である。
Here, the force that determines the extrudable range is the top peak pushing force, and if the force of the extruder is less than this, extrusion cannot be performed. In other words, even if the steady pushing force is less than or equal to the force of the pushing device, if the top peak pushing force is more than that, pushing is impossible.

【0005】[0005]

【発明が解決しようとする課題】熱間押出装置の押出力
量が決まった場合には、押出可能範囲を広げるために
は、押出加工力を低減する必要がある。本発明は、熱間
押出に用いられるダイスの形状および穴直径と、押出素
材の先端形状および直径の組合せの適正化により、トッ
プピーク押出力を低減して、限られた力量を有する押出
装置における製造可能範囲を拡大しようとするものであ
る。
When the pushing force amount of the hot extrusion device is determined, it is necessary to reduce the extrusion processing force in order to widen the extrudable range. The present invention reduces the top peak pushing force by optimizing the combination of the shape and hole diameter of the die used for hot extrusion and the tip shape and diameter of the extruded material, and in an extruder having a limited force. It is intended to expand the manufacturable range.

【0006】[0006]

【課題を解決するための手段および作用】本発明は、熱
間押出加工において押出製品の横断面形状を決定するダ
イスの素材流れ込み角度(図1におけるダイス角度α)
および穴直径と押出素材先端部のテーパー角度(図1に
おける素材先端部のテーパー角度β)および直径との組
合せの適正化により、トップピーク押出力を低減しよう
とするものである。
According to the present invention, the material flow-in angle of the die (die angle α in FIG. 1) that determines the cross-sectional shape of the extruded product in hot extrusion processing.
By optimizing the combination of the hole diameter, the taper angle of the extruded material tip (taper angle β of the material tip in FIG. 1) and the diameter, the top peak pushing force is reduced.

【0007】すなわち、本発明の要旨とするところは、
素材先端部のテーパー角度(β)/ダイス角度(α)の
値を1以下、好ましくは0.75以下とし、且つ素材先
端部の端面を20mm以上切削して前記テーパーを付与し
て素材先端直径(d)/ダイス穴直径(D)の値を3以
下、好ましくは2.5以下にして熱間押出することを特
徴とする熱間押出方法にある。
That is, the gist of the present invention is to
The value of the taper angle (β) / die angle (α) of the material tip is 1 or less, preferably 0.75 or less, and the end surface of the material tip is cut by 20 mm or more to give the taper and the material tip diameter. A hot extrusion method is characterized in that the value of (d) / die hole diameter (D) is set to 3 or less, preferably 2.5 or less, and hot extrusion is performed.

【0008】以下本発明を具体的に説明する。押出素材
70mmφ、ダイス穴径20mmφで素材にSUS304を
用いた場合のダイス角度αと素材先端部テーパー角度β
との組合せ例の押出力曲線を図2に示す。この結果か
ら、定常押出力PS とトップピーク力PT を比較する
と、α=β=90°の場合には大きなトップピーク押出
力が見られるが、α=90°とβ=30°の組合せで
は、定常押出力には変化は見られないが、トップピーク
押出力に低減が見られる。
The present invention will be specifically described below. Extrusion material 70 mmφ, die hole diameter 20 mmφ and die angle α and taper angle β at the tip of material when SUS304 is used for the material
The push output curve of the example of the combination with is shown in FIG. From this result, when comparing the steady pushing force P S and the top peak force P T , a large top peak pushing force is seen when α = β = 90 °, but a combination of α = 90 ° and β = 30 ° In, the steady push force does not change, but the top peak push force is reduced.

【0009】素材先端直径(d)/ダイス穴直径(D)
の値、β/αの値およびトップピーク比(トップピーク
押出力PT /定常押出力PS )の関係を図1に示す。こ
の結果から、d/D≧3ではPT /PS に低減は見られ
ないが、d/D<3になるとβ/α<1とすることによ
りPT /PS は減少し、β/αが小さいほどPT /PS
は小さくなることが分かる。
Material tip diameter (d) / die hole diameter (D)
1 and the value of β / α and the top peak ratio (top peak pushing output P T / steady pushing output P S ) are shown in FIG. From this result, reduced to d / D ≧ 3 in P T / P S is not seen, P T / P S With the beta / alpha <1 becomes d / D <3 is reduced, beta / The smaller α is, P T / P S
It turns out that becomes smaller.

【0010】素材先端直径(d)/ダイス穴直径(D)
の値とトップピーク比との関係を図3に示す。これは、
ダイス角度を90°、ダイス穴直径を20mmφ、そして
押出素材先端部テーパー角度を45°としたSUS30
4素材の場合である。d/D≧3ではトップピーク比の
低減は無いが、それが3から1に減少すると共にトップ
ピーク比は直線的に減少し、d/D<1では変化しない
ことがわかる。ダイス角度αに対して、押出素材先端部
テーパー角度βが小さくなるほど、トップピーク押出力
は低減するために製造可能範囲の拡大が可能となる。
Material tip diameter (d) / die hole diameter (D)
The relationship between the value of and the top peak ratio is shown in FIG. this is,
SUS30 with a die angle of 90 °, die hole diameter of 20 mmφ, and extruded material tip taper angle of 45 °
This is the case of 4 materials. It can be seen that there is no reduction in the top peak ratio when d / D ≧ 3, but the top peak ratio decreases linearly as it decreases from 3 to 1, and does not change when d / D <1. The smaller the taper angle β at the tip of the extruded material with respect to the die angle α, the smaller the top peak pushing force, and thus the wider the manufacturable range.

【0011】このことを例で示せば次のようになる。押
出力曲線である図2が示すように、押出装置の押出力量
がPであるとすると、α=β=90°の場合はトップピ
ーク力は押出力量より大なるために押出加工はできず、
素材はダイスから流れ出ない。しかし、α=90°,β
=30°であれば、トップピーク力は押出力量より小な
るために押出は可能となる。
This can be illustrated by way of example as follows. As shown in FIG. 2, which is a push output curve, if the push output amount of the extruder is P, then when α = β = 90 °, the top peak force is larger than the push output amount, and thus extrusion cannot be performed.
Material does not flow from the die. However, α = 90 °, β
= 30 °, the top peak force is smaller than the push output amount, and therefore extrusion is possible.

【0012】また、素材先端部の端面削り代は、素材最
外周から少なくとも20mm以上削らないとトップピーク
比の低減効果は見られない。削り代の上限は特にない
が、押出装置の能力に応じて適宜決定する。
[0012] Further, the end face scraping allowance at the tip of the material must be at least 20 mm or more from the outermost periphery of the material to achieve the effect of reducing the top peak ratio. There is no particular upper limit for the cutting allowance, but it is appropriately determined according to the capability of the extruder.

【0013】[0013]

【実施例】以下、実施例について説明する。押出力量4
00トンの熱間押出装置における実施例の押出条件と評
価結果を表1に示す。熱押素材はFe−42%Ni−2
0%Cr−8Mo鋼、素材加熱温度は1150℃であ
る。潤滑ガラスにはSiO2 −Na2 O−Al2 3
を適用した。
EXAMPLES Examples will be described below. Push output amount 4
Table 1 shows the extrusion conditions and evaluation results of the examples in the hot extrusion apparatus of 00 tons. Hot pressing material is Fe-42% Ni-2
0% Cr-8Mo steel, material heating temperature is 1150 ° C. A SiO 2 —Na 2 O—Al 2 O 3 system was applied to the lubricating glass.

【0014】本発明例ではダイス角度αとして90°,
60°を、比較例では90°を用いて、素材先端部テー
パー角度βを前者では45°,30°とし、後者では9
0°,30°とした。又、押出比(押出開始時、素材断
面積/押出断面積)は、比較例のNo.6と9は9とし、
他は全て14とした。表1の比較例では、トップピーク
比は全て1.17以上である。これに対して、本発明例
に見られる如く、ダイスの形状および穴直径と、押出素
材の先端形状および直径の組合せの適正化によりトップ
ピーク比の低減が見られる。即ち、それだけ押出可能範
囲が拡大が得られることが示されている。更に、素材先
端部テーパー角度を小さくすることでトップピーク力も
小さくなっており、素材先端部テーパー角度が小さいと
き押出可能範囲は大きくなることが判る。
In the example of the present invention, the die angle α is 90 °,
60 ° is used in the comparative example, and 90 ° is used in the comparative example, and the taper angle β of the tip of the material is set to 45 ° and 30 ° in the former and 9 in the latter.
The angles were 0 ° and 30 °. In addition, the extrusion ratio (material cross-sectional area / extrusion cross-sectional area at the start of extrusion) is the same as that of the comparative example. 6 and 9 are 9 and
All others were set to 14. In the comparative examples of Table 1, the top peak ratios are all 1.17 or more. On the other hand, as seen in the examples of the present invention, the top peak ratio is reduced by optimizing the combination of the shape and hole diameter of the die and the tip shape and diameter of the extruded material. That is, it is shown that the extrudable range can be expanded accordingly. Furthermore, the top peak force is also reduced by decreasing the taper angle of the material tip, and it can be seen that the extrudable range increases when the taper angle of the material tip is small.

【0015】[0015]

【表1】 [Table 1]

【0016】[0016]

【発明の効果】本発明により、押出機の押出力量をアッ
プすることなく押出可能範囲が拡大するために、従来法
では押出不可能なスケジュールも可能となる。従って、
ユーザーの要望に応えうる範囲も拡がるために、産業界
に多大なメリットを与えるものである。
According to the present invention, since the extrudable range is expanded without increasing the pushing force of the extruder, a schedule that cannot be extruded by the conventional method is possible. Therefore,
Since the range that can meet the demands of users is expanded, it gives great advantages to the industrial world.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of drawings]

【図1】押出素材先端部のコーナー角度/ダイス角度比
とトップピーク比の関係を示す図。
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a relationship between a corner angle / die angle ratio of a tip portion of an extruded material and a top peak ratio.

【図2】押出力曲線の例。FIG. 2 shows an example of a push output curve.

【図3】押出素材先端直径/ダイス穴直径比とトップピ
ーク比の関係を示す図。
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the relationship between the extruded material tip diameter / die hole diameter ratio and the top peak ratio.

【符号の説明】[Explanation of symbols]

α ダイス角度 β 素材先端部のコーナー角度 D ダイス穴直径 d 素材先端直径 PS 定常押出力PST トップピーク押出力PT P 押出装置の最大押出能力α Die angle β Corner angle of material tip D Die hole diameter d Material tip diameter P S Steady push force P S P T Top peak push force P T P Maximum extrusion capacity of extrusion equipment

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 【請求項1】 熱間押出において、素材先端部のテーパ
ー角度(β)/ダイス角度(α)の値を0.75以下と
し、且つ素材先端部の端面を20mm以上切削して前記テ
ーパーを付与して素材先端直径(d)/ダイス穴直径
(D)の値を2.5以下にして熱間押出することを特徴
とする熱間押出方法。
1. In hot extrusion, the taper angle (β) / die angle (α) of the material tip is 0.75 or less, and the end surface of the material tip is cut by 20 mm or more to provide the taper. Then, the value of the material tip diameter (d) / die hole diameter (D) is adjusted to 2.5 or less, and hot extrusion is performed.
JP10985392A 1992-04-28 1992-04-28 Method for hot extrusion Withdrawn JPH05305332A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP10985392A JPH05305332A (en) 1992-04-28 1992-04-28 Method for hot extrusion

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP10985392A JPH05305332A (en) 1992-04-28 1992-04-28 Method for hot extrusion

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH05305332A true JPH05305332A (en) 1993-11-19

Family

ID=14520852

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP10985392A Withdrawn JPH05305332A (en) 1992-04-28 1992-04-28 Method for hot extrusion

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPH05305332A (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5671631A (en) * 1994-12-15 1997-09-30 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Hot plastic working method

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5671631A (en) * 1994-12-15 1997-09-30 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Hot plastic working method

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Effective date: 19990706