JPH05296981A - Ultrasonic inspecting device for railway line - Google Patents
Ultrasonic inspecting device for railway lineInfo
- Publication number
- JPH05296981A JPH05296981A JP4099913A JP9991392A JPH05296981A JP H05296981 A JPH05296981 A JP H05296981A JP 4099913 A JP4099913 A JP 4099913A JP 9991392 A JP9991392 A JP 9991392A JP H05296981 A JPH05296981 A JP H05296981A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- rail
- probe
- reception
- transmission
- ultrasonic
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/04—Analysing solids
- G01N29/11—Analysing solids by measuring attenuation of acoustic waves
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
- G01N2291/04—Wave modes and trajectories
- G01N2291/048—Transmission, i.e. analysed material between transmitter and receiver
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、鉄道レールに内在する
介在物・割れ等の検出に使用する超音波検査装置に関す
る。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an ultrasonic inspection apparatus used for detecting inclusions, cracks, etc. existing in railroad rails.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】鉄道レールに内在する割れ、介在物等の
傷は、車輌通過に併なう繰返し応力を受けて、折損に到
る危険がある。通常の鉄道レール素材（低炭素鋼）につ
いては、既に、１つの探触子のみを用いて、超音波検査
が実施されている。この超音波検査においては、１つの
探触子が、送信部と受信部を兼ねていて、超音波の反射
を利用して、傷等の位置測定を行なっていた。2. Description of the Related Art Cracks, inclusions, etc., which are inherent in a railroad rail, are subject to repeated stress associated with the passage of a vehicle and may be broken. Ultrasonic inspection has already been performed on a normal rail rail material (low carbon steel) using only one probe. In this ultrasonic inspection, one probe serves both as a transmitter and a receiver, and the position of a flaw or the like is measured by utilizing the reflection of ultrasonic waves.
【０００３】しかし、分岐器（ポイント）に多用される
マンガン鋼分岐レールは、素材中の超音波の散乱、減衰
が著るしいため、従来の超音波検査装置による超音波検
査が困難で目視又はカラーチェック等による可視検査が
主であった。However, since a manganese steel branch rail, which is often used as a branching device (point), has a remarkable scattering and attenuation of ultrasonic waves in the material, it is difficult to perform ultrasonic inspection by a conventional ultrasonic inspection apparatus and it is difficult to visually check or Mainly visual inspections such as color check.
【０００４】このため、表面に開口した、かなり進行し
た傷のみしか検出できず、しかも、集中的に荷重を受け
る分岐部であるため、欠落・折損に到るケースが多く、
早期検出が望まれていた。For this reason, it is possible to detect only a fairly advanced scratch that is open on the surface, and since it is a branch portion that receives a concentrated load, there are many cases in which it is missing or broken.
Early detection was desired.
【０００５】[0005]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】本発明は、このような
従来の問題点について着目してなされたもので、従来の
超音波検査装置による超音波検査が困難なレ−ルにたい
しても超音波検査が可能な鉄道レ−ル用超音波検査装置
を提供することを目的とする。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made by paying attention to such conventional problems, and ultrasonic inspection is performed even for a rail where ultrasonic inspection by a conventional ultrasonic inspection apparatus is difficult. It is an object of the present invention to provide an ultrasonic inspection device for railway rails that can be used.
【０００６】[0006]
【課題を解決するための手段】前記目的を達成するため
に、鉄道レール用超音波検査装置において、送信用斜角
探触子と、受信用斜角探触子と、上記送信用斜角探触子
と受信用斜角探触子が取付けられていて、レ−ル上を可
動なガイド板とを有し、上記送信用斜角探触子と受信用
斜角探触子のうち少なくとも一方は、レ−ルの長手方向
と上下方向のうち少なくとも一方に位置の調整が可能と
したものである。In order to achieve the above object, in a railway rail ultrasonic inspection apparatus, a transmission bevel probe, a reception bevel probe, and the above transmission bevel probe. At least one of the transmission bevel probe and the reception bevel probe is attached with a probe and a reception bevel probe and has a guide plate movable on a rail. The position of the rail can be adjusted in at least one of the longitudinal direction and the vertical direction of the rail.
【０００７】[0007]
【作用】鉄道レール用超音波検査装置において、上記送
信用斜角探触子と受信用斜角探触子は、測定位置に応じ
て、長手方向または、上下方向の位置調整を行なう。そ
して、上記送信用斜角探触子から受信用斜角探触子への
超音波の透過量の変化により、レール中の傷、割れ等を
検出する。In the ultrasonic inspection apparatus for railway rails, the transmission bevel probe and the reception bevel probe are adjusted in the longitudinal direction or the vertical direction according to the measurement position. Then, the change in the amount of ultrasonic waves transmitted from the transmission bevel probe to the reception bevel probe detects a flaw, a crack, or the like in the rail.
【０００８】[0008]
【実施例】第１の実施例を図１，２，３により説明す
る。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A first embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS.
【０００９】鉄道レール用超音波検査装置は、送信プロ
−ブ（送信用斜角探触子）２と、受信プロ−ブ（受信用
斜角探触子）３と、鉄道レールの頭部の形状にあわせた
形状を有するガイド板１と、レ−ル上を移動させるため
の取っ手５と、上下方向の調整を行なう調整具７，８
と、長手方向の調整を行なう調整具９と、超音波の送信
と受信を行なう制御部１０と、表示を行なうオシロスコ
−プ（表示部）１１とを有する。The ultrasonic inspection apparatus for railroad rails comprises a transmission probe (transmission bevel probe) 2, a reception probe (reception bevel probe) 3, and a rail rail head. A guide plate 1 having a shape corresponding to the shape, a handle 5 for moving on the rail, and adjusting tools 7, 8 for adjusting the vertical direction.
An adjusting tool 9 for adjusting the longitudinal direction, a control unit 10 for transmitting and receiving ultrasonic waves, and an oscilloscope (display unit) 11 for displaying.
【００１０】送信プロ−ブ２と、受信プロ−ブ３は、レ
−ルの両側面に、互に超音波ビームの中心線が一致する
様配置して、送信プロ−ブ２から受信プロ−ブ３への透
過パルスの透過量の変化により、レール頭部中の超音波
遮蔽体（傷、割れ等）を検出する。送信プロ−ブ２と、
受信プロ−ブ３は、レール頭部形状に応じて両探触子の
位置（長手方向）、高さ（深さ方向）がそれぞれ調整可
能で、両ビーム中心線が一致するよう設定可能である。
これを図２に示す。図２（ｂ）は、上から見たものであ
る。図２（ａ）は、横から見たものである。The transmission probe 2 and the reception probe 3 are arranged on both side surfaces of the rail so that the center lines of the ultrasonic beams coincide with each other, and the transmission probe 2 and the reception probe 3 are arranged. The ultrasonic shield (scratch, crack, etc.) in the rail head is detected by the change in the amount of transmission of the transmission pulse to the beam 3. Send probe 2 and
The position of both probes (longitudinal direction) and height (depth direction) of the receiving probe 3 can be adjusted according to the shape of the rail head, and both beam centerlines can be set to coincide with each other. ..
This is shown in FIG. FIG. 2 (b) is viewed from above. FIG. 2A is viewed from the side.
【００１１】従来の探傷方法を含めて、種々実験確認の
結果、マンガンレール頭部については、斜角探触子を、
送受透過法で配置することにより、レール素材内部に超
音波を伝幡させることができる事が認められた。これを
図３に示す。図３（ａ）は、傷等の無い場合の送信パル
ス３１と、受信されたエコ−３２を示す。図３（ｂ）
は、傷等のある場合の送信パルス３１と、受信されたエ
コ−３３を示す。As a result of various experiments including the conventional flaw detection method, as for the manganese rail head, the bevel probe was used.
It was confirmed that ultrasonic waves can be transmitted inside the rail material by arranging by the transmission / reception transmission method. This is shown in FIG. FIG. 3A shows the transmission pulse 31 and the received echo-32 when there is no scratch or the like. Figure 3 (b)
Indicates the transmission pulse 31 when there is a scratch and the received echo-33.
【００１２】この状態で、両探触子の相対位置を一定に
保持しながら、レール頭部側面を走査することにより、
レール内部の超音波ビーム遮へい体（介在物、割れ等の
傷）により透過パルスの透過量が変化して、内部傷の検
出が可能となる。この場合、両探触子は、その超音波ビ
ームの中心線が互に一致する様相対位置を一定に保持し
なければならない。In this state, while keeping the relative position of both probes constant, by scanning the side surface of the rail head,
The ultrasonic beam shield inside the rail (a flaw such as an inclusion or a crack) changes the amount of transmission of the transmitted pulse, so that the internal flaw can be detected. In this case, both probes must keep their relative positions constant so that the center lines of their ultrasonic beams coincide with each other.
【００１３】マンガン分岐レールの頭部傷は、その頭部
断面内の任意の位置に発生する可能性があり、上記透過
ビームをレール断面全面に亘って走査する必要がある。Head scratches on the manganese branch rail may occur at any position within the head cross section, and it is necessary to scan the transmission beam over the entire rail cross section.
【００１４】この条件を満足させるためには、上下方向
の位置を変えながら、当該個所を複数回往復走査するこ
とが必要である。In order to satisfy this condition, it is necessary to reciprocally scan the position a plurality of times while changing the vertical position.
【００１５】また、一般に分岐レール部は、形状が複雑
であり、かつスペースがきわめて狭い。このため、簡単
な操作で必要な相対位置に保持できる簡易保持装置の実
現が期待される。本装置は、小型でかつ位置の保持が容
易であり、分岐レ−ル部の測定に好適である。In general, the branch rail portion has a complicated shape and has a very small space. Therefore, it is expected to realize a simple holding device that can be held at a required relative position by a simple operation. This device is compact and easy to hold its position, and is suitable for measurement of a branch rail.
【００１６】なお、各プローブは、取付金具７，８に板
バネ等を介して自在倣い可能な様に装着すると一定の圧
力でレ−ルの側面を押すことが可能である。When each probe is mounted on the mounting metal fittings 7 and 8 via a leaf spring or the like so as to freely follow, it is possible to push the side surface of the rail with a constant pressure.
【００１７】次に、第２の実施例を図４により説明す
る。Next, a second embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.
【００１８】本鉄道レール用超音波検査装置は、送信プ
ロ−ブ（送信用斜角探触子）２と、受信プロ−ブ（受信
用斜角探触子）３と、鉄道レールの頭部の形状にあわせ
た形状を有するガイド板Ａ，Ｂと、ガイド板Ａおよびガ
イド板Ｂとを連結する取っ手板４４と、レ−ル上を移動
させるための取っ手５と、上下方向の調整を行なう調整
具７，８と、長手方向の調整を行なう調整具９と、幅方
向の調整を行なうスタッド４１、蝶ナット４３、調整穴
４２と、超音波の送信と受信を行なう制御部１０と、表
示を行なうオシロスコ−プ（表示部）１１とを有する。This ultrasonic inspection apparatus for railroad rails comprises a transmission probe (transmission bevel probe) 2, a reception probe (reception bevel probe) 3, and the head of the rail. The guide plates A and B having a shape corresponding to the shape of the above, the handle plate 44 connecting the guide plates A and B, the handle 5 for moving on the rail, and the vertical adjustment are performed. Adjusting tools 7 and 8, adjusting tool 9 for adjusting in the longitudinal direction, stud 41, wing nut 43, adjusting hole 42 for adjusting in the width direction, control section 10 for transmitting and receiving ultrasonic waves, and display. And an oscilloscope (display section) 11 for
【００１９】送信プロ−ブ２と、受信プロ−ブ３は、レ
−ルの両側面に、互に超音波ビームの中心線が一致する
様配置して、送信プロ−ブ２から受信プロ−ブ３への透
過パルスの透過量の変化により、レール頭部中の超音波
遮蔽体（傷、割れ等）を検出する。送信プロ−ブ２と、
受信プロ−ブ３は、レール頭部形状に応じて両探触子の
位置（長手方向）、高さ（深さ方向）、幅がそれぞれ調
整可能で、両ビーム中心線が一致するよう設定可能であ
る。The transmitting probe 2 and the receiving probe 3 are arranged on both sides of the rail so that the center lines of the ultrasonic beams coincide with each other, and the transmitting probe 2 and the receiving probe 3 are arranged. The ultrasonic shield (scratch, crack, etc.) in the rail head is detected by the change in the amount of transmission of the transmission pulse to the beam 3. Send probe 2 and
The receiving probe 3 can adjust the position (longitudinal direction), height (depth direction), and width of both probes according to the rail head shape, and can be set so that both beam centerlines coincide. Is.
【００２０】このため、取っ手板４４にはレールの巾サ
イズに合わせ、複数個の調整穴４２がある。ガイド板Ａ
と取っ手板４４とは、固定取付けされてる。ガイド板Ｂ
に移動側プローブ取付部４５が固定され、ガイド板Ｂに
は雄ネジのスタッド４１が取付けられている。For this reason, the handle plate 44 has a plurality of adjustment holes 42 according to the width of the rail. Guide plate A
The handle plate 44 and the handle plate 44 are fixedly attached. Guide plate B
A moving side probe mounting portion 45 is fixed to the guide plate B, and a male screw stud 41 is mounted to the guide plate B.
【００２１】レールの巾が大きなサイズの場合、二点鎖
線のように調整穴４２を選択し、スタッド４１を蝶ナッ
ト４３で固定する。When the width of the rail is large, the adjusting hole 42 is selected as shown by the chain double-dashed line and the stud 41 is fixed with the wing nut 43.
【００２２】[0022]
【発明の効果】本発明によれば、従来の超音波検査装置
による超音波検査が困難なレ−ルにたいしても超音波検
査が可能な鉄道レ−ル用超音波検査装置を提供できる。According to the present invention, it is possible to provide an ultrasonic inspection apparatus for railway rails, which can perform ultrasonic inspection even on rails which are difficult to be ultrasonically inspected by the conventional ultrasonic inspection apparatus.
【００２３】[0023]
【図１】本発明に係る一実施例の鉄道レ−ル用超音波検
査装置の構成図である。FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of an ultrasonic inspection device for a railroad rail according to an embodiment of the present invention.
【図２】本発明に係る一実施例の鉄道レ−ル用超音波検
査装置の送信プロ−ブと受信プロ−ブの位置関係の説明
図である。FIG. 2 is an explanatory view of a positional relationship between a transmission probe and a reception probe of the railway rail ultrasonic inspection apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention.
【図３】本発明に係る一実施例の鉄道レ−ル用超音波検
査装置の測定結果の説明図である。FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of measurement results of the ultrasonic inspection apparatus for railway rails according to the embodiment of the present invention.
【図４】本発明に係る他の実施例の鉄道レ−ル用超音波
検査装置の構成図である。FIG. 4 is a block diagram of an ultrasonic inspection apparatus for railway rails according to another embodiment of the present invention.
１…ガイド板、２…送信プロ−ブ、３…受信プロ−ブ、
７，８，９…調整具、１０…制御部、１１…オシロスコ
−プ。1 ... Guide plate, 2 ... Transmission probe, 3 ... Reception probe,
7, 8, 9 ... Adjusting tool, 10 ... Control part, 11 ... Oscilloscope.
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 松嵜 道洋 神奈川県横浜市西区戸部本町51番26号ＪＲ 東海新横浜寮 (72)発明者 北川 晴敏 東京都大田区南蒲田２丁目16番46号 株式 会社トキメック内 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page (72) Inventor Michihiro Matsuzaki 51-26 Tobe Honmachi, Nishi-ku, Yokohama-shi, Kanagawa JR Tokai Shin-Yokohama Dormitory (72) Inventor Harutoshi Kitagawa 2- 16-46 Minami Kamata, Ota-ku, Tokyo Stock Company In Tokimec
Claims (3)
ていて、レ−ル上を可動なガイド板とを有し、 上記送信用斜角探触子と受信用斜角探触子のうち少なく
とも一方は、レ−ルの長手方向と上下方向のうち少なく
とも一方に位置の調整が可能であり、 上記送信用斜角探触子から受信用斜角探触子への超音波
の透過量の変化により、レールを探傷することを特徴と
する鉄道レール用超音波検査装置。1. A transmission bevel probe, a reception bevel probe, the transmission bevel probe and the reception bevel probe are mounted and mounted on a rail. A movable guide plate is provided, and at least one of the transmission bevel probe and the reception bevel probe can be adjusted in position in at least one of the longitudinal direction and the vertical direction of the rail. An ultrasonic inspection apparatus for a rail, wherein the rail is flaw-detected by a change in the amount of ultrasonic waves transmitted from the transmission bevel probe to the reception bevel probe.
置において、 上記送信用斜角探触子と受信用斜角探触子間の距離を調
整可能であることを特徴とする鉄道レール用超音波検査
装置。2. The ultrasonic inspection apparatus for railway rails according to claim 1, wherein the distance between the transmission bevel probe and the reception bevel probe is adjustable. Ultrasonic inspection equipment.
波検査装置において、 上記の探傷されるレ−ルは、マンガン鋼レ−ルであるこ
とを特徴とする鉄道レール用超音波検査装置。3. The ultrasonic inspection apparatus for railway rails according to claim 1, wherein the rail to be flaw-detected is a manganese steel rail. ..
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP4099913A JP3049152B2 (en) | 1992-04-20 | 1992-04-20 | Ultrasonic inspection equipment for railway rails |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP4099913A JP3049152B2 (en) | 1992-04-20 | 1992-04-20 | Ultrasonic inspection equipment for railway rails |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH05296981A true JPH05296981A (en) | 1993-11-12 |
| JP3049152B2 JP3049152B2 (en) | 2000-06-05 |
Family
ID=14260022
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP4099913A Expired - Fee Related JP3049152B2 (en) | 1992-04-20 | 1992-04-20 | Ultrasonic inspection equipment for railway rails |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3049152B2 (en) |
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| JP2012237662A (en) * | 2011-05-12 | 2012-12-06 | West Japan Railway Co | Method for inspecting rail bottom face at concealed part of railway rail and inspection head used therefor |
| JP2017161324A (en) * | 2016-03-09 | 2017-09-14 | 東京計器株式会社 | Flaw detector and flaw detection method |
| CN108407847A (en) * | 2018-05-10 | 2018-08-17 | 南京航空航天大学 | A kind of device of Rail Surface flaw detection signal acquisition |
| JP2020197486A (en) * | 2019-06-05 | 2020-12-10 | 東日本旅客鉄道株式会社 | Rail flaw detector |
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-
1992
- 1992-04-20 JP JP4099913A patent/JP3049152B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2371623A (en) * | 2001-01-26 | 2002-07-31 | David Nathaniel Alleyne | Inspection of non axi-symmetric elongate bodies |
| GB2371623B (en) * | 2001-01-26 | 2004-07-14 | David Nathaniel Alleyne | Inspection of non axi-symmetric elongate bodies |
| JP2007132758A (en) * | 2005-11-09 | 2007-05-31 | Central Japan Railway Co | Rail flaw detector, rail flaw detection system, and test piece for ultrasonic flaw detection |
| JP2012237662A (en) * | 2011-05-12 | 2012-12-06 | West Japan Railway Co | Method for inspecting rail bottom face at concealed part of railway rail and inspection head used therefor |
| JP2017161324A (en) * | 2016-03-09 | 2017-09-14 | 東京計器株式会社 | Flaw detector and flaw detection method |
| CN108407847A (en) * | 2018-05-10 | 2018-08-17 | 南京航空航天大学 | A kind of device of Rail Surface flaw detection signal acquisition |
| JP2020197486A (en) * | 2019-06-05 | 2020-12-10 | 東日本旅客鉄道株式会社 | Rail flaw detector |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP3049152B2 (en) | 2000-06-05 |
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