JPH05289562A - Heating device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To secure good image fixation when a heating device functions is an image heating and fixing device by setting a time for stopping, or reducing the heat generation of a heating body in the case that a material to be heated is not positioned at a heating body position and varying the time. CONSTITUTION:The output signal of a temperature detecting member (thermistor) 8 is inputted to a CPU 32 through an A/D converter 31. The power which is supplied from a power source 20 to an electro-thermal body 4 is controlled by the CPU 32 through an AC driver 33 based on the input signal. The temperature is controlled so that the temperature may be 180 deg.C on the surface of the heating body 2 when the paper is in passing. Then, at a non-paper passing time such as an interrupted interval time between the papers as the body to be heated continuously passing, a no-energizing state where the heating body 2 is not energized is attained, and no-energizing time is varied in accordance with information such as a paper continuously passing time, an input power required to maintain the conditioning temperature, the temperature drop speed of the heating body 2 after stopping the energization of the heating body 2, and the signal of the size of the body to be heated.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】Detailed Description of the Invention

【０００１】[0001]

【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、加熱体に耐熱性フィル
ムを接触摺動させ、該フィルムの加熱体とは反対側の面
に被加熱材を密着させて該フィルムと共に加熱***置を
通過させて加熱体から該フィルムを介して被加熱材に熱
エネルギーを付与する、フィルム加熱方式の加熱装置に
関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a heat-resistant film which is brought into contact with and slid on a heating body, and a material to be heated is brought into close contact with the surface of the film opposite to the heating body, and the film passes through the position of the heating body together with the film. The present invention relates to a film heating type heating device which applies heat energy from a heating body to a material to be heated through the film.

【０００２】また、加熱体と、該加熱体の温度を検知す
る温度検知部材を有し、温度検知部材の検知温度が所定
温度に一定に維持されるように加熱体へ通電する加熱装
置に関する。Further, the present invention relates to a heating device having a heating body and a temperature detecting member for detecting the temperature of the heating body, and energizing the heating body so that the temperature detected by the temperature detecting member is kept constant at a predetermined temperature.

【０００３】[0003]

【従来の技術】上記のようなフィルム加熱方式の加熱装
置は本出願人の先の提案に係る特開昭63-313182号公報
・特開平2-157878号公報等で知られており、電子写真複
写機・プリンタ・ファックス等の画像形成装置における
画像加熱定着装置、すなわち電子写真・静電記録・磁気
記録等の画像形成プロセス手段により加熱溶融性の樹脂
等より成る顕画剤（トナー）を用いて記録材（エレクト
ロファックスシート・静電記録シート・転写材シート・
印刷紙など）の面に直接方式もしくは間接（転写）方式
で形成した、目的の画像情報に対応した未定着顕画剤像
を該画像を担持している記録材に固着画像として加熱定
着処理する画像加熱定着装置として活用できる。2. Description of the Related Art The above-described film heating type heating device is known from Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 63-313182 and Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2-157878 related to the applicant's earlier proposal. An image heating fixing device in an image forming apparatus such as a copying machine, a printer or a fax machine, that is, a developer (toner) made of a heat-fusible resin or the like is used by an image forming process means such as electrophotography, electrostatic recording or magnetic recording. Recording material (electrofax sheet, electrostatic recording sheet, transfer material sheet,
An unfixed developer image corresponding to the target image information formed by a direct method or an indirect (transfer) method on the surface of printing paper) is heat-fixed as a fixed image on the recording material carrying the image. It can be used as an image heating and fixing device.

【０００４】また、例えば、画像を担持した記録材を加
熱してつや等の表面性を改質する装置や仮定着処理する
装置等として使用できる。Further, it can be used, for example, as an apparatus for heating a recording material carrying an image to modify the surface properties of gloss and the like, an apparatus for post-process adhesion, and the like.

【０００５】より具体的には、薄肉の耐熱性フィルム
（シート）と、該フィルムの移動駆動手段と、該フィル
ムを中にしてその一方面側に固定支持して配置された加
熱体（ヒータ）と、他方面側に該加熱体に対向して配置
され該加熱体に対して該フィルムを介して画像定着する
べき記録材の顕画剤像担持面を密着させる加圧部材を有
し、該フィルムは少なくとも画像定着実行時は該フィル
ムと加圧部材との間に搬送導入される画像定着すべき記
録材と順方向に同一速度で走行移動させて該走行移動フ
ィルムを挟んで加熱体と加圧部材との圧接で形成される
定着部としての定着ニップ部を通過させることにより該
記録材の顕画剤像担持面を該フィルムを介して該加熱体
で加熱して未定着顕画剤像（未定着トナー像）に熱エネ
ルギーを付与して軟化・溶融せしめ、次いで定着部通過
後のフィルムと記録材を分離点で離間させることを基本
とするフィルム加熱方式の画像加熱定着装置である。More specifically, a thin heat-resistant film (sheet), a driving means for moving the film, and a heating element (heater) arranged to be fixedly supported on one side of the film with the film inside. And a pressing member disposed on the other surface side so as to be opposed to the heating body and closely contacting the developer image carrying surface of the recording material to be image-fixed to the heating body via the film, At least during image fixing, the film is moved at the same speed in the forward direction as the recording material to be image-fixed, which is conveyed and introduced between the film and the pressure member, and the moving member is sandwiched between the film and the heating member. By passing through a fixing nip portion as a fixing portion formed by pressure contact with a pressure member, the developer image carrying surface of the recording material is heated by the heating body through the film to form an unfixed developer image. Thermal energy is applied to the (unfixed toner image) to soften it. · Allowed melt, then an image heating fixing apparatus of film heating type which is based on that to separate the recording material and the film after fixing portion passing through at the separation point.

【０００６】図３１にその具体的一例の概略構成を示し
た。図３２は加熱体の途中省略・一部切り欠き平面模型
図と通電制御系のブロック図である。FIG. 31 shows a schematic configuration of a specific example thereof. FIG. 32 is a plan view of the heating element with a part of the heating element omitted and a block diagram of the energization control system.

【０００７】１はエンドレスベルト状の耐熱性フィルム
（定着フィルム）であり、互いに略並行に配設した駆動
ローラ１１と、テンションローラを兼ねる従動ローラ１
２と、加熱体（ヒータ）２の３部材間に懸回張設させて
ある。Reference numeral 1 denotes a heat-resistant film (fixing film) in the form of an endless belt, which is a driving roller 11 and a driven roller 1 which also serve as tension rollers and are arranged substantially parallel to each other.
2 and three members of the heating body (heater) 2 are suspended and stretched.

【０００８】フィルム１は、熱容量を小さくしてクイッ
クスタート性を向上させるために、フィルムの膜厚は総
厚１００μｍ以下、好ましくは４０μｍ以下２０μｍ以
上の耐熱性・離型性・強度・耐久性等のあるＰＴＦＥ，
ＰＦＡ，ＰＰＳ等の単層フィルム、あるいはポリイミ
ド，ポリアミドイミド，ＰＥＥＫ，ＰＥＳ等のフィルム
の表面にＰＴＦＥ，ＰＦＡ，ＦＥＰ等を離型層としてコ
ーティングした複合層フィルム等である。The film 1 has a total thickness of 100 μm or less, preferably 40 μm or less and 20 μm or more in order to reduce the heat capacity and improve the quick start property. Heat resistance, releasability, strength, durability, etc. PTFE with
It is a single layer film such as PFA or PPS, or a composite layer film obtained by coating the surface of a film such as polyimide, polyamideimide, PEEK or PES with PTFE, PFA or FEP as a release layer.

【０００９】１３は加熱体２を断熱支持させたヒータホ
ルダ、１０は加熱体２との間にフィルム１を挟んでフィ
ルムを加熱体２の面に総圧４〜１５ｋｇで圧接するシリ
コンゴム等の離型性のよいゴム弾性層を有する加圧ロー
ラである。Numeral 13 is a heater holder that adiabatically supports the heating element 2, and 10 is a heating element 2 sandwiching the film 1 between the heating element 2 and the surface of the heating element 2 to press the film at a total pressure of 4 to 15 kg. The pressure roller has a rubber elastic layer having good moldability.

【００１０】フィルム１は駆動ローラ１１の回転によ
り、少なくとも画像定着実行時は矢示の時計方向に加熱
体２面に密着して該加熱体面を摺動しながら所定の周速
度、即ち不図示の画像形成部（Ａ）側から搬送されてく
る未定着トナー画像Ｔを担持した記録材Ｐの搬送速度と
略同じ周速度でシワなく回転駆動される。By rotating the driving roller 11, the film 1 is brought into close contact with the surface of the heating body 2 in the clockwise direction indicated by the arrow at least when the image is fixed, and slides on the surface of the heating body at a predetermined peripheral speed, that is, not shown. The recording material P, which carries the unfixed toner image T conveyed from the image forming section (A) side, is rotationally driven without wrinkles at substantially the same peripheral speed as the conveying speed.

【００１１】加熱体２は後述するように電力供給により
発熱する発熱源としての通電発熱体（抵抗発熱体）４を
含み、該通電発熱体４の発熱により昇温する。The heating element 2 includes an energization heating element (resistive heating element) 4 as a heat source that generates heat by supplying electric power, as will be described later, and the heating of the energization heating element 4 raises the temperature.

【００１２】通電発熱体４に対する電力供給により加熱
体２が加熱され、またフィルム１が回転駆動されている
状態において、加熱体２と加圧ローラ１０との圧接部Ｎ
（定着ニップ部）の、フィルム１と加圧ローラ１０との
間に記録材Ｐが導入されることで、該記録材Ｐがフィル
ム１に密着してフィルムと一緒の重なり状態で定着ニッ
プ部Ｎを通過していく。In a state where the heating element 2 is heated by the power supply to the energization heating element 4 and the film 1 is rotationally driven, the pressure contact portion N between the heating element 2 and the pressure roller 10 is applied.
By introducing the recording material P between the film 1 and the pressure roller 10 in the (fixing nip portion), the recording material P comes into close contact with the film 1 and overlaps with the film, and the fixing nip portion N Going through.

【００１３】この記録材Ｐの定着ニップ部通過過程で加
熱体２からフィルム１を介して記録材Ｐに熱エネルギー
が付与されて記録材Ｐ上の未定着トナー画像Ｔが加熱溶
融定着される。記録材Ｐは定着ニップ部通過後フィルム
１から分離して排出されていく。In the course of passing the recording material P through the fixing nip portion, heat energy is applied to the recording material P from the heating body 2 through the film 1, and the unfixed toner image T on the recording material P is heated and melted and fixed. After passing through the fixing nip portion, the recording material P is separated from the film 1 and discharged.

【００１４】本例の加熱体２は、 ａ．フィルム１の移動方向に略直交する方向を長手とす
る、Ａｌ₂ Ｏ₃ （アルミナ），ＡｌＮ，ＳｉＣ等の電気
絶縁性・耐熱性・低熱容量の細長のセラミック基板３
と、 ｂ．この基板３の一方面側（表面側）の基板幅方向中央
部に基板長手に沿って、線状あるいは帯状に形成した、
発熱源としての銀パラジウム（Ａｇ／Ｐｄ），ＲｕＯ
₂ ，Ｔａ₂ Ｎ等の通電発熱体４と、 ｃ．この通電発熱体４の両端部にそれぞれ導通させて基
板面に形成した給電電極５・６と、 ｄ．基板３の通電発熱体形成面を被覆させた表面保護層
としてのガラス等の電気絶縁性オーバーコート層７と、 ｅ．基板３の他方面側（背面側）にそれぞれ接触させて
設けたサーミスタ等の温度検知部材８、及び安全対策用
温度検知素子（サーマルプロテクタ）としての温度ヒュ
ーズ９等よりなる。The heating element 2 of the present example comprises: a. An elongated ceramic substrate 3 having electrical insulation, heat resistance, and low heat capacity, such as Al ₂ O ₃ (alumina), AlN, or SiC, whose longitudinal direction is substantially orthogonal to the moving direction of the film 1.
And b. The substrate 3 is formed in a linear shape or a strip shape along the length of the substrate in the central portion of the one surface side (front surface side) in the substrate width direction,
Silver palladium (Ag / Pd), RuO as a heat source
An energization heating element 4 such as ₂ , ₂ , Ta ₂ N, and c. Power supply electrodes 5 and 6 formed on the substrate surface so as to be electrically connected to both ends of the energization heating element 4, respectively. D. An electrically insulating overcoat layer 7 made of glass or the like as a surface protective layer covering the surface of the substrate 3 on which the electric heating element is formed, and e. It comprises a temperature detecting member 8 such as a thermistor provided in contact with the other surface side (back surface side) of the substrate 3, a temperature fuse 9 serving as a temperature detecting element (thermal protector) for safety measures, and the like.

【００１５】加熱体２のオーバーコート層７側がフィル
ム接触摺動面側であり、この面側を外部露呈させて加熱
体２を断熱性のヒーターホルダ１３を介して不図示の支
持部に固定支持させてある。The overcoat layer 7 side of the heating element 2 is the film contact sliding surface side, and this surface side is exposed to the outside, and the heating element 2 is fixedly supported on a support portion (not shown) via a heat insulating heater holder 13. I am allowed to do it.

【００１６】加熱体２は通電発熱体４の両端給電電極５
・６間に交流電源２０より電圧が印加され、該通電発熱
体４が発熱することで昇温する。The heating element 2 is a power supply electrode 5 on both ends of the electric heating element 4.
A voltage is applied from the AC power supply 20 between 6 and the energization heat generating body 4 generates heat to raise the temperature.

【００１７】加熱体２の温度は基板背面の温度検知部材
８で検出されてその検出情報が通電制御回路１５へフィ
ードバックされて交流電源２０から通電発熱体４への通
電が制御されることで定着実行時に温度検知部材８で検
出される加熱体２の温度が所定の温度（定着温度）にな
るように温調制御される。The temperature of the heating element 2 is detected by the temperature detecting member 8 on the back surface of the substrate, and the detected information is fed back to the energization control circuit 15 to control the energization from the AC power source 20 to the energization heating element 4 to fix the fixing element. Temperature control is performed so that the temperature of the heating element 2 detected by the temperature detection member 8 at the time of execution becomes a predetermined temperature (fixing temperature).

【００１８】加熱体２の温調制御は通電発熱体４に対す
る印加電圧または電流をコントロールするか、通電時間
をコントロールする方法が採られている。通電時間をコ
ントロールする方法には、電源波形の半波ごとに、通電
する、通電しない、を制御するゼロクロス波数制御、電
源波形の半波ごとに通電する位相角を制御する位相制御
がある。The temperature control of the heating element 2 is carried out by controlling the applied voltage or current to the energization heating element 4 or by controlling the energization time. Methods for controlling the energization time include zero-cross wave number control for controlling energization and non-energization for each half-wave of the power supply waveform, and phase control for controlling a phase angle energization for each half-wave of the power supply waveform.

【００１９】即ち、温度検知部材８の出力をＡ／Ｄ交換
しＣＰＵに取り込み、その情報をもとにトライアックに
より通電発熱体４に通電するＡＣ電圧を位相制御あるい
は波数制御等のパルス幅変調をかけ温度検知部材８によ
る加熱体の検知温度が一定となるように通電発熱体４へ
の通電を制御している。That is, the output of the temperature detecting member 8 is A / D exchanged and fetched into the CPU, and based on the information, the AC voltage applied to the energizing heating element 4 is subjected to pulse width modulation such as phase control or wave number control by a triac. The energization of the energizing heating element 4 is controlled so that the temperature detected by the heating temperature detecting member 8 is constant.

【００２０】温度検知部材は被加熱材としての記録材に
ついて大小どのようなサイズの記録材が通紙されても、
加熱体の通紙部は一定温度となるように、常に通紙領域
にあたる位置に配置されている。The temperature detecting member is a recording material as a material to be heated, regardless of the size of the recording material.
The paper passing portion of the heating element is always arranged at a position corresponding to the paper passing area so as to maintain a constant temperature.

【００２１】温度ヒューズ９は通電発熱体４に対する通
電路に直列に接続して加熱体２の基板３の背面に接触さ
せて配設してあり、通電発熱体４の通電制御が不能の事
態を生じて加熱体２が異常昇温（加熱体の暴走）する
と、該温度ヒューズ９が作動して通電発熱体４への通電
回路が解放され通電発熱体に対する通電がオフされる。The thermal fuse 9 is connected in series to the energization path for the energization heating element 4 and is arranged in contact with the back surface of the substrate 3 of the heating element 2, so that the energization control of the energization heating element 4 is impossible. When this occurs and the temperature of the heating element 2 rises abnormally (runaway of the heating element), the thermal fuse 9 operates to open the energizing circuit to the energizing heating element 4 and turn off the energization to the energizing heating element.

【００２２】上記のようなフィルム加熱方式の装置は、
加熱体２として体熱容量のものを用いることができるた
め、従来の熱ローラ方式等の加熱装置に比べウエイトタ
イム短縮化（クイックスタート性）が可能となり、また
クイックスタートが可能となるため、使用していない時
の予熱が必要なくなり、総合的な意味での省電力化もは
かれる。その他、他の加熱方式の装置の種々の欠点を解
決できる等の利点を有し、効果的なものである。The film heating type apparatus as described above is
Since the heating element 2 having a body heat capacity can be used, the weight time can be shortened (quick start property) as compared with the conventional heating device such as the heat roller system, and the quick start can be performed. Preheating when not in use is no longer necessary, and power saving can be achieved in a comprehensive sense. In addition, it has an advantage that it can solve various drawbacks of other heating type devices, and is effective.

【００２３】図３３は他のフィルム加熱方式の画像加熱
定着装置である。この装置は半円弧状のフィルムガイド
部材（スティ）１４の外面中央部に形成した加熱体収容
凹部に加熱体２を嵌め入れて取付け、このフィルムガイ
ド部材１４に円筒状の耐熱性フィルム１を外嵌し、加熱
体２との間にフィルム１を挟ませて加圧ローラ１０を加
熱体２に圧接させてある。FIG. 33 shows another image heating fixing apparatus of the film heating type. In this device, the heating element 2 is fitted into a heating element accommodating recess formed in the central portion of the outer surface of a semi-circular film guide member (stee) 14, and the cylindrical heat-resistant film 1 is removed from the film guiding element 14. The pressure roller 10 is pressed against the heating body 2 with the film 1 sandwiched between the heating body 2 and the heating body 2.

【００２４】エンドレスのフィルム１の内周長と加熱体
２を含むフィルムガイド部材１４の外周長はフィルム１
の方を例えば３ｍｍ程大きくしてあり、従ってフィルム
１は加熱体２を含むフィルムガイド部材１４に対して周
長が余裕をもってルーズに外嵌している。The inner peripheral length of the endless film 1 and the outer peripheral length of the film guide member 14 including the heating body 2 are the same.
Is larger by, for example, about 3 mm, so that the film 1 is loosely fitted on the film guide member 14 including the heating body 2 with a sufficient peripheral length.

【００２５】加圧ローラ１０を駆動ローラとして矢示の
反時計方向に回転駆動することで該ローラとの摩擦力で
円筒状フイルム１が加熱体２面に密着して摺動しながら
回転駆動される。By rotating the pressure roller 10 as a driving roller in the counterclockwise direction as indicated by the arrow, the cylindrical film 1 is rotationally driven by the frictional force with the roller while closely contacting the surface of the heating body 2 and sliding. It

【００２６】この装置の場合も加熱体２と加圧ローラ１
０との定着ニップ部Ｎのフィルム１と加圧ローラ１０と
の間に記録材Ｐを導入し通過させることにより加熱体２
からフィルム１を介して記録材Ｐに熱エネルギーが付与
されて記録材Ｐ上の未定着トナー画像Ｔが加熱溶融定着
される。加熱体２の構成、通電制御は図３１・図３２の
ものと同様である。Also in the case of this apparatus, the heating body 2 and the pressure roller 1
The recording material P is introduced between the film 1 and the pressure roller 10 in the fixing nip portion N with the heating member 2 by passing the recording material P therethrough.
Thermal energy is applied to the recording material P from the film 1 through the film 1, and the unfixed toner image T on the recording material P is heated and fused and fixed. The structure and energization control of the heating element 2 are the same as those in FIGS. 31 and 32.

【００２７】フィルム１はロール巻の長尺フィルムに
し、これを繰り出させて加熱体２面に密着走行させる構
成することもできる。The film 1 may be a roll-wound lengthy film, and the film may be paid out and run in close contact with the surface of the heating body 2.

【００２８】[0028]

【発明が解決しようとする課題】上記例のような加熱装
置においては下記のような問題点がある。The heating device of the above example has the following problems.

【００２９】（Ａ）前記したように加熱体２の温度検知
部材８は被加熱材としての記録材（紙）について大小ど
のようなサイズの記録材が通紙されても、常に通紙領域
にあたる位置に配設して常に加熱体の検知温度を一定に
制御するように加熱体２の通電発熱体４に通電している
ため、Ｂ５紙・封筒・ハガキのような小サイズの紙を連
続通紙すると通紙領域と非通紙領域において温度差が８
０ｄｅｇ以上になる（加熱体の非通紙領域過昇温現
象）。(A) As described above, the temperature detecting member 8 of the heating element 2 always corresponds to the paper passing area regardless of the size of the recording material (paper) as the material to be heated. Since the energization heating element 4 of the heating element 2 is energized so that the temperature detected by the heating element is always controlled to be constant at a position, small-sized paper such as B5 paper, envelopes, and postcards is continuously passed. When paper is printed, there is a temperature difference of 8
It becomes 0 deg or more (non-sheet passing area overheating phenomenon of heating element).

【００３０】このため加圧部材としての加圧ローラ１０
の通紙領域部と非通紙領域部とでの熱膨張による外径差
は数百μｍにもなり、続いてそれ等小サイズ紙より大サ
イズである例えばＡ４サイズ紙を通紙すると紙シワが発
生するという問題があった。Therefore, the pressure roller 10 as a pressure member
The difference in outer diameter between the paper-passing area and the non-paper-passing area due to thermal expansion becomes several hundreds of μm. There was a problem that occurs.

【００３１】また、このような状態を長時間続けると、
加圧ローラ１０やフィルム１が熱劣化を起こし、部品の
寿命を短くしたり、最悪のケースでは装置が破損すると
いう問題があった。If such a state is continued for a long time,
There is a problem in that the pressure roller 10 and the film 1 are thermally deteriorated, the life of parts is shortened, and in the worst case, the device is damaged.

【００３２】この問題の解決方法として加熱体の発熱パ
ターン（通電発熱体パターン）を複数個設け、通紙され
る記録材サイズに合わせてその領域だけ通電する方法等
が考えられるが、装置や制御方法が複雑になり、コスト
アップにつながるという欠点がある。As a method of solving this problem, a method of providing a plurality of heating patterns (heating element patterns) of the heating element and energizing only that area in accordance with the size of the recording material to be fed may be considered. There is a drawback that the method becomes complicated and the cost increases.

【００３３】また、連続的に通紙される記録材と記録材
との間（紙間）に一定時間（一般的には２〜３ｓｅｃ）
の加熱体非通電状態をつくることで加熱体の非通紙領域
の温度を下げ、上記問題を解決する方法も考えられる。A fixed time (generally 2 to 3 seconds) is provided between recording materials that are continuously fed (between recording materials).
Another possible method is to reduce the temperature of the non-sheet passing area of the heating element by making the heating element non-conducting state.

【００３４】しかし、この種の加熱装置の加熱体２は非
常に熱容量が小さいため、加圧ローラ１０等の接触部品
が冷えていると加熱体２からすぐ熱が逃げてゆく。逆に
あたたまっていると加熱体２からの熱の逃げは少なくな
るため、これら２者では加熱体２の表面温度の下降スピ
ードが極端に違い、一定時間非通電にする方式では例え
ば装置が冷えているときに合わせて０．５ｓｅｃぐらい
の紙間（紙間３ｓｅｃ）の非通電時間を決定すると、加
熱体の非通紙領域の温度を下げる効果が少なくなるとい
う欠点がある。逆に装置があたたまっているときに合わ
せて２．５ｓｅｃの紙間の非通電時間を決定すると、連
続通紙時の２枚目、３枚目では定着に必要な温度まで上
昇してこないため、定着不良画像になるという欠点があ
る。However, since the heating element 2 of this type of heating device has a very small heat capacity, if the contact parts such as the pressure roller 10 are cold, the heat will immediately escape from the heating element 2. On the other hand, if it is warmed up, the escape of heat from the heating element 2 will be small. Therefore, the speed of the decrease in the surface temperature of the heating element 2 will be extremely different between these two, and for example, in the case of a system in which it is de-energized for a certain period of time, If the non-energization time of the paper interval (paper interval of 3 sec) is determined to be about 0.5 sec when the temperature is cold, there is a drawback that the effect of lowering the temperature of the non-paper passing region of the heating element is reduced. On the contrary, if the non-energization time between papers of 2.5 seconds is determined when the apparatus is warmed up, the temperature required for fixing does not rise for the second and third sheets during continuous paper feeding. Therefore, there is a drawback that an image with poor fixing is obtained.

【００３５】本発明は上述の問題、即ち小サイズの被加
熱材の連続通紙時における加熱体の非通紙領域の過昇温
現象を抑えると共に、加熱装置としての画像加熱定着装
置が冷えている状態でも良好な画像定着性を確保するこ
とを目的とする。The present invention suppresses the above-mentioned problem, that is, the excessive temperature rise phenomenon of the non-sheet passing area of the heating body during the continuous sheet passing of the small-sized material to be heated, and the image heating fixing device as the heating device cools down. The purpose is to ensure good image fixability even in the presence of the state.

【００３６】（Ｂ）図３４はプリント時の加熱体温度、
フィルム温度、加圧ローラ表面温度の時間変化を示す模
式図である。(B) FIG. 34 shows the temperature of the heating element during printing,
It is a schematic diagram which shows the time change of a film temperature and a pressure roller surface temperature.

【００３７】加熱体２１はプリント開始と共に２００℃
に一定温調される。一方、加圧ローラ１０は熱容量が大
きいため、徐々に表面温度が上昇してゆく。このときフ
ィルム温度も加熱体温度と加圧ローラ表面温度の中間値
をとりながら徐々に上昇しその変化量は、加圧ローラそ
の他の部品に熱をうばわれる通紙１枚目と、これらがあ
たたまってきた通紙８枚目付近とでは５０〜６０ｄｅｇ
もの差になる。The heating element 21 is heated to 200 ° C. at the start of printing.
The temperature is adjusted to a certain level. On the other hand, since the pressure roller 10 has a large heat capacity, the surface temperature gradually rises. At this time, the film temperature also gradually rises while taking an intermediate value between the temperature of the heating body and the surface temperature of the pressure roller, and the change amount is the same as that of the first sheet of paper which is heat-transferred to the pressure roller and other parts. 50-60 deg with the 8th sheet of paper that has accumulated
It makes a difference.

【００３８】このフィルム温度がβ℃以下になると定着
不良となり、α℃以上になると高温オフセットを発生す
る。When the film temperature is lower than β ° C., fixing failure occurs, and when it is higher than α ° C., high temperature offset occurs.

【００３９】このようなフィルムの温度差があるとフィ
ルム温度で定着不良と高温オフセット（現像剤のフィル
ムへの転移）を両立できるαとβ（一般的には、約３０
ｄｅｇ）の間に全ての通紙モード（例えば低温環境下で
の通紙１枚目と、連続で通紙したときの５０枚目）で入
れることはむずかしい。そこで紙間等で加熱体に強制的
に非通電によるタイミングあるいは一定電力を供給する
タイミングを設け、この温度変化に基づき加熱体表面の
温調温度を変更し、どのようなモードでもフィルム温度
を一定に制御する方法を用いて定着不良と高温オフセッ
トを両立している。When there is such a temperature difference between the films, α and β (generally about 30) which can achieve both fixing failure and high temperature offset (transfer of the developer to the film) depending on the film temperature.
It is difficult to insert the sheet in all the sheet-passing modes (eg, the first sheet in the low-temperature environment and the 50th sheet in the continuous sheet-passing) during the deg). Therefore, the timing to forcibly de-energize the heating element or the timing to supply constant power to the heating element is set between the sheets, and the temperature control temperature of the heating element surface is changed based on this temperature change, and the film temperature is kept constant in any mode. Both the fixing failure and the high-temperature offset are achieved by using the control method described above.

【００４０】しかしながら加熱体の非通電時間と、次の
加熱体温調温度を決定するための加熱体温度下降時間を
同一にしているため、何らかの都合で加熱体の非通電時
間の方が短くなってしまった場合、例えば０．５ｓｅｃ
後の下降速度を見る場合、加熱体表面上の温度は熱容量
が小さいため短い時間でも温度上昇は大きく図３５のよ
うな動きを示し、加熱体下降速度はおそいと判断して加
熱体表面の温調温度を下げてしまい、定着不良画像が発
生するおそれがある。However, since the heating body non-energization time and the heating body temperature lowering time for determining the next heating body temperature control temperature are the same, the heating body non-energization time becomes shorter for some reason. If it happens, for example, 0.5 sec
When observing the descending speed afterwards, the temperature on the surface of the heating body has a small heat capacity, so that the temperature rises greatly even in a short time and shows a movement as shown in FIG. 35. There is a possibility that the temperature adjustment temperature is lowered and a defective fixing image is generated.

【００４１】また紙間において温調モード（紙間低温温
調）を設け、その温度に決められた時間（０．５ｓｅ
ｃ）に下降するかどうかで次の温度を決定するような場
合でも図３６のように０．５ｓｅｃまでにこの紙間低温
温調に入っているにもかかわらず加熱体上に温度リップ
ルが生じるため０．５ｓｅｃ後のとき温調温度よりも高
い温度にあり装置全体があたたまっていると判断し加熱
体温調温度を下げてしまい、前記と同様定着不良画像を
出す可能性がある。Further, a temperature control mode (low temperature control between sheets) is provided between the sheets, and the temperature is set for a predetermined time (0.5 sec).
Even when the next temperature is determined depending on whether or not the temperature falls to c), a temperature ripple is generated on the heating body even though the inter-paper low temperature control is performed by 0.5 seconds as shown in FIG. Therefore, after 0.5 sec, it is determined that the temperature is higher than the temperature control temperature and the entire apparatus is warmed up, and the heating body temperature control temperature is lowered, and there is a possibility that a defective fixing image is output as described above.

【００４２】また加圧ローラ１０が冷えていると図３７
のように加熱体の温度が下がりすぎて次の紙に対して充
分上昇できないことがある。When the pressure roller 10 is cold, FIG.
As described above, the temperature of the heating element may be too low to sufficiently increase for the next paper.

【００４３】定着不良を防止するためにフィルム温度を
通紙１枚目でβ℃（図３４）以上となる様に加熱体温度
を設定すると、装置が暖まってきて通紙７枚目以降で高
温オフセットを発生し、逆に通紙７枚目以降の高温オフ
セットを防止するために加熱体温度を下げると装置の冷
えている通紙１枚目で定着不良を起こしてしまう。When the heating member temperature is set so that the film temperature becomes β ° C. (FIG. 34) or more in the first sheet of paper to prevent the fixing failure, the apparatus becomes warm and the temperature becomes high after the seventh sheet of paper is passed. If the temperature of the heating element is lowered in order to prevent the high temperature offset after the seventh sheet of paper passing after the offset occurs, fixing failure occurs in the first sheet of the paper that is cold in the apparatus.

【００４４】この問題に対して従来より、連続プリント
時にプリント枚数に応じて、加熱体温度を下げるなどの
考案がなされているが、この場合でも、装置がどの程度
暖まっているかによってフィルム温度を一定とするため
の通紙１枚目の加熱体温度や加熱体温度を下げる枚数の
適正値が異なるため各場合に応じて操作を変更する必要
があり、制御が複雑になっている。In order to solve this problem, it has been conventionally proposed to lower the temperature of the heating body according to the number of prints during continuous printing, but even in this case, the film temperature is kept constant depending on how warm the apparatus is. Since the appropriate value of the heating body temperature of the first sheet to be passed and the number of sheets for lowering the heating body temperature are different, it is necessary to change the operation depending on each case, and the control becomes complicated.

【００４５】例えば２分間隔で連続１０枚通紙した場
合、あるいは３分間隔、１０分間隔で通紙された時、さ
らには連続５枚、５０枚とその場合の組み合わせは無限
にあり、すべての場合を考えて加熱体温度の操作を行う
事は不可能に近い。For example, when 10 sheets are continuously fed at 2-minute intervals, or when sheets are passed at 3-minute intervals and 10-minute intervals, there are an infinite number of combinations of 5 sheets, 50 sheets, and so on. It is almost impossible to control the temperature of the heating element considering the case.

【００４６】本発明は上述の問題、即ち加熱体の温度変
更に対しての制御の誤検知をなくして、どのようなモー
ドで装置を使用してもフィルムの温度を一定にでき、加
熱装置としての画像加熱定着装置の定着不良や高温オフ
セットを防止することを目的とする。The present invention eliminates the above-mentioned problem, that is, the erroneous detection of the control for the temperature change of the heating body, and the film temperature can be kept constant regardless of the mode in which the apparatus is used. It is an object of the present invention to prevent fixing failure and high temperature offset of the image heating and fixing device.

【００４７】（Ｃ）フィルム加熱方式の加熱装置は加熱
体２の熱容量が小さいため、通電発熱体４への通電の単
純なＯＮ／ＯＦＦで加熱体の温度制御を行なうと、加熱
体の温度リップルが大きくなり好ましくない。(C) In the film heating type heating device, since the heat capacity of the heating element 2 is small, if the temperature of the heating element is controlled by simply turning on / off the electricity to the energization heating element 4, the temperature ripple of the heating element will occur. Undesirably increases.

【００４８】そこで従来より、加熱体への通電を位相制
御、波数制御等で細かく行ない、加熱体を所定温度に維
持するのにほぼ最適な電力を常に与え続ける制御が実施
されている。Therefore, conventionally, control has been carried out in which power is supplied to the heating element in detail by phase control, wave number control, or the like, and the power that is almost optimal for maintaining the heating element at a predetermined temperature is constantly supplied.

【００４９】ここで波数制御とは、加熱体に印加する交
流電圧をある特定の波数ごと（以降、基本波数と呼ぶ）
でくぎり、その内の何波かをＯＮ（通電）し、残りをＯ
ＦＦ（非通電）することで供給電力量を細かく制御する
方法である。Here, the wave number control means that the AC voltage applied to the heating body is set at a specific wave number (hereinafter referred to as a fundamental wave number).
Neglect, turn on some of the waves (energize), and the rest O
This is a method of finely controlling the amount of power supply by performing FF (non-energization).

【００５０】この制御では、基本波数内でＯＮ／ＯＦＦ
の小さな温度リップル（波数リップルという）ができ
る。In this control, ON / OFF is performed within the fundamental wave number.
A small temperature ripple (called wave number ripple) is possible.

【００５１】この波数リップルをより小さくするためＯ
Ｎの波を基本波数中でほぼ均等に分散させる方法もある
が、これを行なうとＯＮ／ＯＦＦの回数が増えるため、
電源側への負荷変動が頻繁になり、近くで使われている
ＣＲＴの画像シュリンクや蛍光灯のちらつき等が発生し
てしまう。To reduce this wave number ripple, O
There is also a method to disperse N waves almost uniformly in the fundamental wave number, but if this is done, the number of ON / OFF increases, so
Frequent load fluctuations on the power supply side cause image shrinks of CRTs used nearby and flicker of fluorescent lamps.

【００５２】このため、通常は基本波数内でＯＮの波と
ＯＦＦの波を各々まとめる方法が用いられている。For this reason, a method is generally used in which the ON wave and the OFF wave are combined within the fundamental wave number.

【００５３】また、加熱体を所定温度に立ち上げる際に
その温度上昇速度を検出し、その速度に応じて立ち上が
った後の各種制御値（例えば、温調温度や供給電力等）
を決定する制御方法も考案されている。Also, when the temperature of the heating element is raised to a predetermined temperature, the rate of temperature rise is detected, and various control values (for example, temperature control temperature, power supply, etc.) after the temperature rises according to the rate are detected.
A control method for determining is also devised.

【００５４】これらの制御方法を組み合わせて行なうこ
とは、加熱体の温度をより細かく正確に制御することが
できるため、大変有効なものである。The combination of these control methods is very effective because the temperature of the heating element can be controlled more finely and accurately.

【００５５】しかしながら、波数制御で電力量を制御し
ながら所定温度まで加熱体温度を立ち上げる系で、その
昇温速度を検知した場合、短い時間で速度の検出を行な
うと、加熱体の昇温速度を正確に検出できないという問
題があった。However, when the heating rate is detected in a system for raising the temperature of the heating element to a predetermined temperature while controlling the amount of electric power by controlling the wave number, if the rate is detected in a short time, the heating element is heated. There was a problem that the speed could not be detected accurately.

【００５６】図３８はそれを示す加熱体の温度上昇カー
ブである。これはｆ〜５０Ｈｚ、Ｖ_ac〜１１５ＶのＡＣ
電圧で波数制御の基本波数を２０波とした時、１０波−
ＯＮ、１０波−ＯＦＦの条件で加熱体の温度を立ち上
げ、加熱体温度が１４０℃に達してから５０ｍｓｅｃの
間でその昇温速度を計測する２通りの場合について示し
たものである。FIG. 38 is a temperature rise curve of the heating body showing this. This is AC of f-50Hz, _Vac- 115V
When the basic wave number of wave number control with voltage is 20 waves, 10 waves-
The figure shows two cases in which the temperature of the heating element is raised under the conditions of ON, 10 waves-OFF, and the heating rate is measured within 50 msec after the heating element temperature reaches 140 ° C.

【００５７】波数制御を用いると、加熱体の温度が立ち
上がる際にも図３８に示すような波数リップルができ
る。When the wave number control is used, a wave number ripple as shown in FIG. 38 can be generated even when the temperature of the heating element rises.

【００５８】このため、同じ条件で速度を計測し、当然
同じ速度が検出されなくてはならない場合でも、検出し
たポイントによって速度が著しく違ってきてしまう。例
えば、図３８の（ａ）において、昇温速度の検出は通電
時のみを計測するため、１５０ｄｅｇ／ｓｅｃとなるの
に対し、（ｂ）では計測時間のほとんどが非通電時であ
るため、昇温速度は５ｄｅｇ／ｓｅｃとなる。Therefore, even if the speeds are measured under the same conditions and the same speeds are naturally required to be detected, the speeds will be significantly different depending on the detected points. For example, in (a) of FIG. 38, the temperature rise rate is measured only when electricity is applied, and thus it is 150 deg / sec, whereas in (b) most of the measurement time is when electricity is not applied, The temperature rate is 5 deg / sec.

【００５９】このように、同じタイミング、同じ検出時
間で速度を検知してもその検出値に上記のようなばらつ
きがあると、その後の制御値の決定も正確に行なえず、
加熱体を目的とする温度にうまく温調できなくなってし
まう。As described above, even if the speed is detected at the same timing and at the same detection time, if the detected values have the above variations, the control value cannot be accurately determined thereafter.
The temperature of the heating element cannot be adjusted to the desired temperature.

【００６０】本発明は波数制御により制御された電力量
で加熱体を所定温度に立ち上げる際に、その昇温速度を
検知し、その速度に応じてその後の各種制御値を決定す
る加熱装置において、速度の検出の際の誤差を減らし、
立ち上り後の制御をより正確に行なうことができるよう
にすることを目的とする。The present invention relates to a heating device for detecting the temperature rising rate when raising the temperature of a heating element to a predetermined temperature with the electric power controlled by the wave number control, and determining various control values thereafter according to the rate. , Reduce the error in speed detection,
It is an object of the present invention to make it possible to more accurately perform control after rising.

【００６１】[0061]

【課題を解決するための手段】本発明は下記の構成を特
徴とする加熱装置である。The present invention is a heating device characterized by the following constitutions.

【００６２】（１）加熱体に耐熱性フィルムを接触摺動
させ、該フィルムの加熱体とは反対側の面に被加熱材を
密着させて該フィルムと共に加熱***置を通過させて加
熱体から該フィルムを介して被加熱材に熱エネルギーを
付与する加熱装置において、加熱***置に被加熱材が存
在しない場合、加熱体の発熱を停止あるいは減少させる
時間を設け、この時間が可変であることを特徴とする加
熱装置。(1) A heat-resistant film is brought into contact with and slid on the heating body, a material to be heated is brought into close contact with the surface of the film opposite to the heating body, and the film is passed together with the film through the position of the heating body. In a heating device for applying heat energy to a material to be heated through the film, when the material to be heated does not exist at the position of the heating body, a time for stopping or reducing heat generation of the heating body is provided, and this time is variable. A heating device characterized by.

【００６３】（２）被加熱材が連続して搬送される場合
の被加熱材と被加熱材の間において加熱体の発熱を停止
あるいは減少させる時間が可変であることを特徴とする
（１）に記載の加熱装置。(2) When the material to be heated is continuously conveyed, the time for stopping or reducing the heat generation of the heating element is variable between the material to be heated (1) The heating device according to.

【００６４】（３）加熱体の発熱を停止あるいは減少さ
せる時間を決定する手段として被加熱材の所定の連続搬
送枚数に応じて上記加熱体の発熱を停止あるいは減少さ
せる時間をそれぞれ設けたことを特徴とする（２）に記
載の加熱装置。(3) As a means for determining the time for stopping or reducing the heat generation of the heating element, the time for stopping or reducing the heat generation of the heating element is provided in accordance with the predetermined number of consecutively conveyed materials to be heated. The heating device according to (2), which is characterized.

【００６５】（４）加熱体の発熱を停止あるいは減少さ
せる時間を決定する手段として、上記加熱体の発熱を停
止あるいは減少させたときの温度下降速度に応じて加熱
体の発熱を停止あるいは減少させる時間をそれぞれ設け
たことを特徴とする（１）又は（２）に記載の加熱装
置。(4) As a means for determining the time for stopping or reducing the heat generation of the heating element, the heat generation of the heating element is stopped or reduced in accordance with the temperature descending speed when the heat generation of the heating element is stopped or reduced. The heating device according to (1) or (2), characterized in that time is provided respectively.

【００６６】（５）加熱体の発熱を停止あるいは減少さ
せる時間を決定する手段として、加熱体を所定の温度に
維持するための電力を検知する手段と、少なくとも１つ
の基準電力を設け、この基準電力よりも検知電力が高い
場合と低い場合で加熱体の発熱を停止あるいは減少させ
る時間をそれぞれ設けたことを特徴とする（１）又は
（２）に記載の加熱装置。(5) As means for determining the time for stopping or reducing the heat generation of the heating element, means for detecting the electric power for maintaining the heating element at a predetermined temperature and at least one reference electric power are provided. The heating device according to (1) or (2), characterized in that a time for stopping or reducing the heat generation of the heating body is provided when the detected power is higher or lower than the power.

【００６７】（６）加熱体の発熱を停止あるいは減少さ
せる時間を決定する手段として、搬送する被加熱材のサ
イズを検知する手段を設け、被加熱材サイズに応じて加
熱体の発熱を停止あるいは減少させる時間をそれぞれ設
けたことを特徴とする（１）に記載の加熱装置。(6) As a means for determining the time for stopping or reducing the heat generation of the heating element, a means for detecting the size of the material to be heated to be conveyed is provided, and the heat generation of the heating element is stopped or stopped according to the size of the material to be heated. The heating device according to (1), characterized in that the heating device is provided with respective reducing times.

【００６８】（７）加熱体の発熱を停止あるいは減少さ
せる時間を決定する手段として、加熱***置に被加熱体
が存在しない場合に加熱体の発熱量を一時的に増加さ
せ、その間の加熱体の温度上昇量に基づいてその後の発
熱停止あるいは減少させる時間を決めるようにしたこと
を特徴とする（１）に記載の加熱装置。(7) As a means for determining the time for stopping or reducing the heat generation of the heating element, the heating value of the heating element is temporarily increased when there is no object to be heated at the position of the heating element, and the heating element in the meantime. The heating device according to (1), characterized in that the time for stopping or reducing the heat generation thereafter is determined based on the amount of temperature rise.

【００６９】（８）加熱体の発熱を停止あるいは減少さ
せる時間を決定する手段として、加熱体の発熱を停止あ
るいは減少させた後に再度加熱する際の温度上昇速度に
応じてその次の被加熱体間の加熱体の発熱停止あるいは
減少させる時間を決めるようにしたことを特徴とする
（１）に記載の加熱装置。(8) As a means for determining the time for stopping or reducing the heat generation of the heating element, the next object to be heated depending on the temperature rising rate at the time of heating again after stopping or reducing the heat generation of the heating element. The heating device according to (1), characterized in that the time for stopping or reducing the heat generation of the heating body is determined.

【００７０】（９）加熱装置が、未定着画像を担持させ
た記録材を加熱して像定着する画像加熱定着装置である
ことを特徴とする（１）乃至（８）の何れかに記載の加
熱装置。(9) The heating device is an image heating and fixing device for heating and fixing an image on a recording material carrying an unfixed image, according to any one of (1) to (8). Heating device.

【００７１】（１０）加熱体に耐熱性フィルムを接触摺
動させ、該フィルムの加熱体とは反対側の面に被加熱材
を密着させて該フィルムと共に加熱***置を通過させて
加熱体から該フィルムを介して被加熱材に熱エネルギー
を付与する加熱装置において、加熱体の温度検知手段
と、該温度検知手段の検知温度が一定の温度に維持され
るよう加熱体へ通電する手段を持ち、上記被加熱材が加
熱***置に存在しないときに上記加熱体への通電を止
め、そのときの加熱体の温度変化に応じて加熱体の制御
温度を変更する加熱体温度制御手段を有し、上記加熱体
の通電時間を止めている時間の方を、そのときの加熱体
の温度変化を検知している時間以上とすることを特徴と
する加熱装置。(10) A heat resistant film is brought into contact with and slid on the heating body, a material to be heated is brought into close contact with the surface of the film opposite to the heating body, and the film is passed together with the film through the position of the heating body. A heating device for applying heat energy to a material to be heated through the film has a temperature detecting means for the heating body and means for energizing the heating body so that the temperature detected by the temperature detecting means is maintained at a constant temperature. A heating body temperature control means for stopping the energization of the heating body when the material to be heated does not exist at the position of the heating body and changing the control temperature of the heating body according to the temperature change of the heating body at that time A heating device, wherein the time during which the energization time of the heating element is stopped is longer than the time during which the temperature change of the heating element is detected at that time.

【００７２】（１１）加熱体に耐熱性フィルムを接触摺
動させ、該フィルムの加熱体とは反対側の面に被加熱材
を密着させて該フィルムと共に加熱***置を通過させて
加熱体から該フィルムを介して被加熱材に熱エネルギー
を付与する加熱装置において、加熱体の温度検知手段
と、該温度検知手段の検知温度が一定の温度に維持され
るよう加熱体へ通電する手段を持ち、上記被加熱材が加
熱***置に存在しないときに上記加熱体へ一定電力を供
給し、そのときの加熱体の温度変化に応じて加熱体の制
御温度を変更する加熱体温度制御手段を有し、上記加熱
体へ一定電力を供給している時間の方をそのときの加熱
体の温度変化を検知している時間以上とすることを特徴
とする加熱装置。(11) A heat resistant film is brought into contact with and slid on the heating body, a material to be heated is brought into close contact with the surface of the film opposite to the heating body, and the film is passed together with the film through the position of the heating body. A heating device for applying heat energy to a material to be heated through the film has a temperature detecting means for the heating body and means for energizing the heating body so that the temperature detected by the temperature detecting means is maintained at a constant temperature. A heating body temperature control means for supplying constant power to the heating body when the material to be heated does not exist at the position of the heating body and changing the control temperature of the heating body according to the temperature change of the heating body at that time. However, the heating device is characterized in that the time during which constant power is supplied to the heating body is longer than the time during which the temperature change of the heating body is detected.

【００７３】（１２）加熱装置が、未定着画像を担持さ
せた記録材を加熱して像定着する画像加熱定着装置であ
ることを特徴とする（１０）又は（１１）に記載の加熱
装置。(12) The heating device according to (10) or (11), characterized in that the heating device is an image heating and fixing device that heats and fixes an image on a recording material carrying an unfixed image.

【００７４】（１３）加熱体に耐熱性フィルムを接触摺
動させ、該フィルムの加熱体とは反対側の面に被加熱材
を密着させて該フィルムと共に加熱***置を通過させて
加熱体から該フィルムを介して被加熱材に熱エネルギー
を付与する加熱装置において、加熱体の温度検知手段
と、該温度検知手段の検知温度が一定の温度Ｔ₁ に維持
されるよう加熱体へ通電する手段を持ち、上記被加熱材
が加熱***置に存在しないときに前記温度Ｔ₁ より低い
温度Ｔ´に加熱体を制御すると共に、温度Ｔ₁ から温度
Ｔ´へ制御を切り換えたときから所定の時間内に温度Ｔ
´に達した場合に次の被加熱体に対する加熱体の制御温
度はＴ₁ とし、所定の時間内に達しない場合には次の被
加熱体に対する加熱体の制御温度を温度Ｔ₁ より低い温
度Ｔ₂ とすることを特徴とする加熱装置。(13) A heat-resistant film is slid on the heating body, and a material to be heated is brought into close contact with the surface of the film opposite to the heating body, and the film is passed through the heating body position together with the film to move from the heating body. In a heating device for applying heat energy to a material to be heated through the film, temperature detecting means for the heating body and means for energizing the heating body so that the temperature detected by the temperature detecting means is maintained at a constant temperature T _1. And controlling the heating element to a temperature T ′ lower than the temperature T ₁ when the material to be heated does not exist at the position of the heating element, and a predetermined time from when the control is switched from the temperature T ₁ to the temperature T ′. Temperature T in
When it reaches ′, the control temperature of the heating element for the next object to be heated is set to T _1, and when it does not reach within a predetermined time, the control temperature of the heating element for the next object to be heated is lower than temperature T _1. A heating device characterized in that it is T ₂ .

【００７５】（１４）加熱体に耐熱性フィルムを接触摺
動させ、該フィルムの加熱体とは反対側の面に被加熱材
を密着させて該フィルムと共に加熱***置を通過させて
加熱体から該フィルムを介して被加熱材に熱エネルギー
を付与する加熱装置において、加熱体の温度検知手段
と、該温度検知手段の検知温度が一定の温度Ｔ₁ に維持
されるよう加熱体へ通電する手段を持ち、上記被加熱材
が加熱***置に存在しないときに前記温度Ｔ₁ より低い
温度Ｔ´に加熱体を制御すると共に制御温度Ｔ´に達し
たときから予め定められた必ず制御温度に達していると
きまでの時間ｔを計測し、該時間ｔが所定の時間より長
い場合に次の被加熱材に対する加熱体の制御温度を温度
Ｔ₁ より低い温度Ｔ₂ とし、時間ｔが所定の時間以下の
場合には次の被加熱材に対する加熱体の制御温度をＴ₁
に制御することを特徴とする加熱装置。(14) A heat resistant film is brought into contact with and slid on the heating body, and a material to be heated is brought into close contact with the surface of the film opposite to the heating body, and the film is passed through the position of the heating body together with the film to be removed from the heating body. In a heating device for applying heat energy to a material to be heated through the film, temperature detecting means for the heating body and means for energizing the heating body so that the temperature detected by the temperature detecting means is maintained at a constant temperature T _1. And when the material to be heated is not present at the position of the heating body, the heating body is controlled to a temperature T ′ lower than the temperature T _{1 and} when the control temperature T ′ is reached, a predetermined control temperature is always reached. When the time t is longer than a predetermined time, the control temperature of the heating element for the next material to be heated is set to a temperature T ₂ lower than the temperature T ₁ , and the time t is a predetermined time. In the case of The control temperature of the heater to T ₁
A heating device characterized by being controlled to.

【００７６】（１５）加熱装置が、未定着画像を担持さ
せた記録材を加熱して像定着する画像加熱定着装置であ
ることを特徴とする（１３）又は（１４）に記載の加熱
装置。(15) The heating device according to (13) or (14), characterized in that the heating device is an image heating and fixing device for heating and fixing an image on a recording material carrying an unfixed image.

【００７７】（１６）加熱体に耐熱性フィルムを接触摺
動させ、該フィルムの加熱体とは反対側の面に被加熱材
を密着させて該フィルムと共に加熱***置を通過させて
加熱体から該フィルムを介して被加熱材に熱エネルギー
を付与する加熱装置において、被加熱体が加熱装置の加
熱領域を通過していないときに加熱体への電力供給をＨ
ｉｇｈとＬｏｗの２値で制御し、このときの加熱体の温
度リップルを基に次に加熱領域に入る被加熱材に対する
加熱体の制御温度を決定することを特徴とする加熱装
置。(16) A heat resistant film is brought into contact with and slid on the heating body, and a material to be heated is brought into close contact with the surface of the film opposite to the heating body, and the film is passed through the heating body position together with the film to be removed from the heating body. In a heating device for applying heat energy to a material to be heated through the film, when the object to be heated does not pass through a heating region of the heating device, power is supplied to the object to be heated by H
A heating device which is controlled by a binary value of high and low, and determines a control temperature of the heating body with respect to a material to be heated next entering a heating region based on a temperature ripple of the heating body at this time.

【００７８】（１７）加熱体に耐熱性フィルムを接触摺
動させ、該フィルムの加熱体とは反対側の面に被加熱材
を密着させて該フィルムと共に加熱***置を通過させて
加熱体から該フィルムを介して被加熱材に熱エネルギー
を付与する加熱装置において、被加熱体が加熱装置の加
熱領域を通過していないときに加熱体への電力供給をＨ
ｉｇｈとＬｏｗの２値で制御し、このＨｉｇｈ時又はＬ
ｏｗ時の温度変化率を基に次に加熱領域に入る被加熱材
に対する加熱体の制御温度を決定することを特徴とする
加熱装置。(17) A heat-resistant film is brought into contact with and slid on the heating body, and a material to be heated is brought into close contact with the surface of the film opposite to the heating body, and the film is passed through the heating body position together with the film to be removed from the heating body. In a heating device for applying heat energy to a material to be heated through the film, when the object to be heated does not pass through a heating region of the heating device, power is supplied to the object to be heated by H
It is controlled by two values, high and Low, and at this High time or L
A heating device which determines a control temperature of a heating body with respect to a material to be heated which enters a heating region next based on a temperature change rate at the time of ow.

【００７９】（１８）加熱体に耐熱性フィルムを接触摺
動させ、該フィルムの加熱体とは反対側の面に被加熱材
を密着させて該フィルムと共に加熱***置を通過させて
加熱体から該フィルムを介して被加熱材に熱エネルギー
を付与する加熱装置において、被加熱体が加熱装置の加
熱領域を通過していないときに加熱体への電力供給をＨ
ｉｇｈとＬｏｗの２値で制御し、この時の加熱体の温度
リップルのピークまたはボトムを基に次に加熱領域に入
る被加熱材に対する加熱体の制御温度を決定することを
特徴とする加熱装置。(18) A heat-resistant film is brought into contact with and slid on the heating body, and a material to be heated is brought into close contact with the surface of the film opposite to the heating body, and the film is passed through the heating body position together with the film to be removed from the heating body. In a heating device for applying heat energy to a material to be heated through the film, when the object to be heated does not pass through a heating region of the heating device, power is supplied to the object to be heated by H
A heating device which is controlled by binary values of high and low, and determines the control temperature of the heating body with respect to the material to be heated next entering the heating region based on the peak or bottom of the temperature ripple of the heating body at this time. ..

【００８０】（１９）加熱装置が、未定着画像を担持さ
せた記録材を加熱して像定着する画像加熱定着装置であ
ることを特徴とする（１６）又は（１８）に記載の加熱
装置。(19) The heating device according to (16) or (18), characterized in that the heating device is an image heating and fixing device for heating and fixing an image on a recording material carrying an unfixed image.

【００８１】（２０）加熱体と、該加熱体の温度を検知
する温度検知部材を有し、温度検知部材の検知温度が所
定温度に一定に維持されるように加熱体へ通電する加熱
装置において、前記加熱体への通電開始から上記所定温
度に達する迄の間に検知された昇温速度に基づきその後
の各種制御値を決定し、前記加熱体に供給される電力量
は単位時間内の加熱体への通電・非通電の比率により制
御され、その比率を可変とする手段を有し、前記昇温速
度の検出時間は前記加熱体への電力制御の単位時間以上
にしたことを特徴とする加熱装置。(20) A heating device having a heating body and a temperature detecting member for detecting the temperature of the heating body, and energizing the heating body so that the temperature detected by the temperature detecting member is kept constant at a predetermined temperature. , The various control values thereafter are determined based on the rate of temperature increase detected from the start of energization of the heating element until the temperature reaches the predetermined temperature, and the amount of electric power supplied to the heating element is set within a unit time. It is controlled by a ratio of energization / de-energization to the body, and has means for varying the ratio, and the detection time of the temperature rising rate is set to a unit time of power control to the heating body or more. Heating device.

【００８２】（２１）昇温速度の検出時間が前記加熱体
への電力制御の単位時間の整数倍であることを特徴とす
る（２０）に記載の加熱装置。(21) The heating apparatus according to (20), characterized in that the detection time of the temperature rising rate is an integral multiple of the unit time of power control to the heating body.

【００８３】（２２）顕画像を支持した記録材と共に移
動するフィルムを有し、顕画像はフィルムを介して加熱
体からの熱で加熱されることを特徴とする（２０）又は
（２１）に記載の加熱装置。(22) The invention has a film that moves together with a recording material supporting a visible image, and the visible image is heated by heat from a heating body through the film. (20) or (21) The heating device described.

【００８４】[0084]

【作用】 ．加熱体への通電状態を制御する手段を有する加熱装
置において、被加熱体の連続通紙の紙間のような非通紙
時に加熱体への通電をストップする非通電状態をつく
り、この非通電時間を連続通紙時間や、温調温度を維持
するために必要な入力電力や、加熱体への通電をストッ
プにした後の加熱体の降温スピードや被加熱体サイズの
信号等の情報に応じて変化させることにより、小サイズ
紙の連続通紙時における加熱体の非通紙領域の温度上昇
をおさえると共に、画像加熱定着装置にあっては装置が
冷えている状態でのトナー像の定着性を確保でき、これ
によって安価で高性能の定着システムを構成できる。[Operation] In a heating device having a means for controlling the energized state of a heating element, a non-energized state is created to stop energization of the heating element when there is no sheet passing, such as between sheets of continuous sheet feeding of the object to be heated. Depending on the information such as continuous paper feeding time, input power required to maintain the controlled temperature, the temperature decrease rate of the heating element after stopping the power supply to the heating element, the signal of the size of the heated object, etc. The temperature rise in the non-sheet-passing area of the heating element during continuous sheet feeding of small-sized paper can be controlled by changing the temperature of the sheet, and in the image heating and fixing device, the toner image fixability even when the device is cold. Therefore, an inexpensive and high-performance fixing system can be constructed.

【００８５】．加熱体への通電を強制的にストップし
加熱体表面の下降速度をみて、あるいは一定電力を供給
しその上昇速度をみて、次の被加熱材がくるときの加熱
体表面の温調温度を決定する温度制御方法において、加
熱体の通電をストップするあるいは一定電力を供給する
時間の方が加熱体表面の下降速度あるいは上昇速度を検
知する時間よりも長くすることにより、制御の誤検知を
なくし、どのようなモードで装置を使用してもフィルム
の温度を一定にでき、画像加熱定着装置にあっては定着
不良・高温オフセットを防止することができる。.. Determining the temperature control temperature of the heating body surface when the next material to be heated comes by forcibly stopping the energization of the heating body and watching the descending speed of the heating body surface, or by supplying a constant power and watching the rising speed In the temperature control method of, by stopping the energization of the heating body or by supplying a constant power for a longer time than the time for detecting the descending speed or the rising speed of the heating body surface, eliminating false detection of control, The film temperature can be kept constant no matter what mode the device is used, and in the image heating and fixing device, fixing failure and high temperature offset can be prevented.

【００８６】．紙間における加熱体の制御温度を被加
熱材が加熱領域を通過中に制御する温度より低くし、紙
間の制御温度まで所定の時間以内に下った場合には制御
シーケンスにおいてＦｌａｇを立てて、このＦｌａｇが
立っている場合はフィルム等装置全体が冷えているため
次の紙に対する制御温度は前の紙と同じにし、Ｆｌａｇ
が立っていない場合には加熱体の制御温度を下げること
で、画像加熱定着装置にあってはオフセットと定着不良
の発生を防止することができる。.. The control temperature of the heating element between the sheets is set lower than the temperature to be controlled while the material to be heated is passing through the heating region, and when the control temperature between the sheets falls within a predetermined time, a Flag is set in the control sequence, If this flag is set, the entire device such as the film is cold, so the control temperature for the next paper is the same as the previous paper, and the Flag is
If the temperature is not raised, the control temperature of the heating element is lowered to prevent the occurrence of offset and defective fixing in the image heating and fixing device.

【００８７】．加熱体に通電時に検知された温度変
化、または被通電時に検知された温度変化に基づき、加
熱体の温度を変更する事により、どの様なタイミングで
装置を使用しようともフィルム温度を一定とし、画像加
熱定着装置にあっては定着不良・高温オフセットを防止
することができる。.. By changing the temperature of the heating element based on the temperature change detected when the heating element is energized, or the temperature change detected when energized, the film temperature is kept constant no matter what timing the device is used. In the heat fixing device, poor fixing and high temperature offset can be prevented.

【００８８】．波数制御により制御された電力量で加
熱体を所定温度に立ち上げる際に、その昇温速度を検知
し、その速度に応じてその後の各種制御値を決定する加
熱装置において、昇温速度の検出時間を、波数制御の基
本波数の一周期に要する時間と等しくすることで、速度
の検出の際の誤差を減らし、立ち上がり後の制御をより
正確に行なうことができる。.. Detecting the temperature rise rate in a heating device that detects the temperature rise rate when the heating element is raised to a predetermined temperature with the electric power controlled by the wave number control, and determines various control values thereafter according to the rate. By making the time equal to the time required for one cycle of the fundamental wave number of the wave number control, it is possible to reduce the error in detecting the velocity and to perform the control after the rising more accurately.

【００８９】[0089]

【実施例】【Example】

〈実施例１〉（図１〜図４） 本実施例は前記特許請求の範囲の請求項１乃至同９に記
載の構成を特徴とする加熱装置についての実施例であ
り、小サイズの被加熱材の連続通紙時における加熱体の
非通紙領域の過昇温を抑えると共に、装置が冷えている
状態でも良好な画像定着性を確保したものである。<Embodiment 1> (FIGS. 1 to 4) This embodiment is an embodiment of a heating device characterized by the constitution described in claims 1 to 9 of the claims, and is a small-sized object to be heated. This is to prevent excessive temperature rise in the non-sheet passing area of the heating element during continuous sheet passing of the material and to secure good image fixing property even when the apparatus is cold.

【００９０】（１）例 １ 図１は本例の加熱装置の加熱体の途中省略・一部切り欠
き平面図と加熱体表面温度を制御するためのブロック図
である。本加熱装置は前述図３１と同様のフィルム加熱
方式の画像加熱定着装置であり、レーザービームプリン
タの定着装置である。(1) Example 1 FIG. 1 is a plan view of a heating body of the heating apparatus of the present example with a half cut-out / partially cutaway view and a block diagram for controlling the heating body surface temperature. This heating device is a film heating type image heating fixing device similar to the one shown in FIG. 31, and is a fixing device of a laser beam printer.

【００９１】加熱体２の構成も前述図３２と同様であ
り、基板３は厚さ１ｍｍの良熱伝導性のセラミックであ
り、通電発熱体４の抵抗値は３４Ωである。温度検知部
材８はサーミスタであり、常に通紙領域となる位置に設
けてある。The structure of the heating element 2 is the same as that shown in FIG. 32. The substrate 3 is a ceramic having a good thermal conductivity and a thickness of 1 mm, and the resistance value of the electric heating element 4 is 34Ω. The temperature detecting member 8 is a thermistor, and is provided at a position that is always a paper passing area.

【００９２】サーミスタ８の出力信号はＡ／Ｄコンバー
タ３１を介してＣＰＵ３２に入力される。ＣＰＵ３２は
この入力信号に基づき、ＡＣドライバ３３を介して電源
２０から通電発熱体４への通電電力制御する。通紙中は
加熱体２の表面を１８０℃になるように温調制御してい
る。The output signal of the thermistor 8 is input to the CPU 32 via the A / D converter 31. Based on this input signal, the CPU 32 controls the energization power from the power source 20 to the energization heating element 4 via the AC driver 33. During the passage of the paper, the temperature of the surface of the heating element 2 is controlled to be 180 ° C.

【００９３】本例ではＡ４サイズ毎分４枚の出力が可能
なようにプロセススピードを２４ｍｍ／ｓｅｃとし、連
続通紙時の紙間は５７ｍｍ、約２．４ｓｅｃとした。こ
のとき紙間の加熱体２への非通電時間の割合を変化させ
る方法として本例では連続通紙の枚数つまり通紙時間を
ＣＰＵ３２で記憶させることにより行なった。In this example, the process speed was set to 24 mm / sec so that 4 sheets of A4 size could be output per minute, and the sheet interval during continuous sheet feeding was 57 mm, which was about 2.4 sec. At this time, as a method of changing the ratio of the non-energization time to the heating element 2 between the sheets, in this example, the CPU 32 stores the number of continuous sheets to be passed, that is, the sheet passing time.

【００９４】具体的には図２のように最初の通紙５枚目
までは加熱体への通電を、０．５ｓｅｃはオフし、その
後１．９ｓｅｃで１８０℃に立ち上げた。このとき、加
熱体２へ与える電力は通紙１枚前の後端部で１８０℃に
温調するのに必要な電力を計測しておき、その電力を加
えて再度１８０℃になるようにした。Specifically, as shown in FIG. 2, the heating element was turned off for the first 5 sheets of paper, and was turned off for 0.5 sec. Then, the temperature was raised to 180 ° C. in 1.9 sec. At this time, the electric power to be applied to the heating element 2 was measured at the rear end of the sheet one sheet before the temperature was adjusted to 180 ° C., and the electric power was added to make the temperature again 180 ° C. ..

【００９５】これはこの状態の時に１８０℃を維持する
のに最適電力を入力しないと、これ以上の電力ではオー
バーシュートが大きくなり、高温オフセットが生じる。
またこれ以下では１８０℃まで立ち上がらないため定着
不良画像になるためである。次の通紙５〜１０枚は通電
を１．２ｓｅｃはオフし、１．２ｓｅｃで１８０℃にた
ち上げた。このときも加熱体へ与える電力は通紙１枚前
の後端部で１８０℃に温調するのに必要な電力を計測し
ておき、その電力で加熱して１８０℃になるようにし
た。通紙１０枚目以降は通電を２．０ｓｅｃ間オフし、
０．４ｓｅｃで１８０℃に立ち上げた。In this state, if the optimum electric power is not input to maintain 180 ° C. in this state, the overshoot becomes large with the electric power higher than this and a high temperature offset occurs.
Further, if the temperature is lower than this, the image does not rise up to 180 ° C., so that a defective fixing image is formed. For the next 5 to 10 sheets, the power was turned off for 1.2 sec, and the temperature was raised to 180 ° C in 1.2 sec. Also at this time, the electric power to be applied to the heating element was measured so that the temperature required for controlling the temperature to 180 ° C. was measured at the rear end portion of the sheet immediately before passing the paper, and the electric power was heated to 180 ° C. After the 10th sheet, the power is turned off for 2.0 seconds.
The temperature was raised to 180 ° C in 0.4 sec.

【００９６】このような制御方法を用いて従来制御と比
較しながら封筒サイズの紙を連続して通紙してみた。従
来のように紙間も１８０℃に温調しているものでは加熱
体の非通紙領域の表面温度は時間とともに図３の様に変
わってゆき通紙４０枚目には２５０℃にもなり、この状
態でＡ４紙を通紙すると、加熱体の通紙領域と非通紙領
域の境目に対応する加圧ローラ部分に熱膨張差による段
差が生じていることが原因で紙シワが発生した。Using the above control method, an envelope size paper was continuously fed while comparing with the conventional control. If the temperature between the sheets is controlled to 180 ° C as in the conventional case, the surface temperature of the non-sheet passing area of the heating element will change with time as shown in Fig. 3, and it will reach 250 ° C on the 40th sheet. When A4 paper is passed in this state, paper wrinkles occur due to the step difference due to the difference in thermal expansion between the pressure roller portion corresponding to the boundary between the paper passing area and the non-paper passing area of the heating element. ..

【００９７】加圧ローラ１０としては耐熱性にすぐれた
シリコーンゴムローラを使用しているが、連続使用温度
として可能なのは２３０℃以下であり、長時間この状態
をつづけているとシリコーンゴムは熱劣化をおこし破損
した。Although a silicone rubber roller having excellent heat resistance is used as the pressure roller 10, the temperature that can be continuously used is 230 ° C. or lower, and if this state is continued for a long time, the silicone rubber will be thermally deteriorated. Raised and damaged.

【００９８】本例の制御方法では加熱体２の非通紙領域
温度は図４（通紙時の温度をプロット）のようになり、
通紙７枚目でも加熱体表面温度は２１０℃でおさまっ
た。これは先にのべたように非通電状態を設け、加圧ロ
ーラ等の部品があたたまってくると、この非通電時間を
長くしてできるだけ紙間で加熱体を冷やしたためであ
る。In the control method of this example, the temperature of the non-sheet passing area of the heating element 2 is as shown in FIG. 4 (the temperature at the time of sheet passing is plotted).
Even on the seventh sheet of paper, the surface temperature of the heating body subsided at 210 ° C. This is because the non-energized state is provided as described above, and when parts such as the pressure roller are warmed up, the non-energized time is lengthened to cool the heating element between the sheets as much as possible.

【００９９】つまり本例のように通紙１０枚目以降２ｓ
ｅｃの非通電状態を設けると、加熱体の非通紙領域の温
度はこの間に表面で約２０〜３０ｄｅｇの温度降下があ
り、通紙時と非通紙時で温度上昇と下降を繰り返すこと
になり、結果として加熱体の非通紙領域の温度上昇をお
さえる効果が生じることになる。That is, as in this example, 10 seconds after the 10th sheet is passed,
When the non-energized state of ec is provided, the temperature of the non-sheet passing area of the heating body has a temperature drop of about 20 to 30 deg on the surface during this, and the temperature rise and fall are repeated during sheet passing and sheet non-passing. As a result, the effect of suppressing the temperature rise in the non-sheet passing area of the heating element is produced.

【０１００】このようにすることで従来発生していた紙
シワや加圧ローラの熱劣化はなくなり、耐久性にすぐれ
た新しい定着システムを構成することができた。By doing so, the paper wrinkles and the heat deterioration of the pressure roller, which have been conventionally generated, are eliminated, and a new fixing system excellent in durability can be constructed.

【０１０１】本例では記録材の間て加熱体への通電をＯ
Ｎ／ＯＦＦしていたが、例えば記録材のトナー画像域の
後端で通電をＯＦＦしても良く、また加熱体の昇温が速
いならば記録材の先端から画像領域迄の間で加熱しても
良いことは言うまでもない。In this example, the heating element is not energized between the recording materials.
Although N / OFF is performed, the energization may be turned off at the trailing edge of the toner image area of the recording material, and if the temperature of the heating body is high, heating is performed from the leading edge of the recording material to the image area. It goes without saying that it is okay.

【０１０２】また加熱体の昇温速度が低く、かつ放熱が
速い場合には加熱体の発熱を止めると温度低下が大きす
ぎて次の記録材が定着ニップ部Ｎに到達するまでの定着
温度まで加熱できない場合が考えられる。そのような場
合には加熱体への通電を完全にＯＦＦするのでなく、通
電電圧を下げるかまたはパルス通電のデューティーを下
げて発熱量を減少させる方法を用いることが可能であ
る。When the rate of temperature rise of the heating element is low and the heat radiation is fast, if the heat generation of the heating element is stopped, the temperature drop is too large, and the fixing temperature is reached until the next recording material reaches the fixing nip portion N. It is possible that heating is not possible. In such a case, it is possible to use a method of reducing the amount of heat generation by lowering the energization voltage or the duty of pulse energization, instead of completely turning off the energization to the heating element.

【０１０３】（２）例 ２ 上記（１）の例では紙間の非通電時間を変化させる情報
として通紙枚数をカウントし、その枚数毎に切り換えを
行なったが、本例では記録紙が定着ニップ部Ｎを通過し
た直後に加熱体への通電をストップし、その加熱体表面
の温度の降下速度を検出し、その速度に応じて次に加熱
体へ通電を開始する時間を決定したものである。(2) Example 2 In the example of (1) above, the number of sheets passed is counted as information for changing the non-energization time between sheets, and switching is performed for each number of sheets. In this example, the recording sheet is fixed. Immediately after passing through the nip portion N, the energization to the heating body is stopped, the rate of temperature decrease on the surface of the heating body is detected, and the time to start energizing the heating body next is determined according to the speed. is there.

【０１０４】つまり、下降速度の速いものは装置、例え
ば加圧ローラ等がまだ冷えており他に熱がうばわれやす
いため、この状態では速めに加熱体への通電を再開す
る。逆に下降速度の遅いものは、熱が他の部材へにげに
くくなっており装置がすでにあたたまっているため、こ
の状態では非通電時間はできるだけ長くし、非通紙領域
の温度上昇を防ぐようにしたものである。That is, in the case of a device having a fast descending speed, the device, for example, the pressure roller and the like are still cooled and heat is likely to be dissipated. Therefore, in this state, the energization of the heating element is restarted promptly. On the other hand, for those with a slow descending speed, heat is hard to be transferred to other members and the device has already warmed up.In this state, the non-energization time should be as long as possible to increase the temperature in the non-sheet passing area. I tried to prevent it.

【０１０５】具体的な方法として本例では温調温度が１
８０℃から１７５℃なるまでの下降時間を検出し、この
時間が１００ｍｓｅｃ以下は非通電時間を０．４ｓｅ
ｃ、１００〜３００ｍｓｅｃは非通電時間を１．２ｓｅ
ｃ、３００ｍｓｅｃ以上は非通電時間２ｓｅｃと３つに
分けた。次に１８０℃まて立ち上げる方法は前記（１）
の例と同様である。As a concrete method, in this example, the controlled temperature is 1
The fall time from 80 ° C to 175 ° C is detected. If this time is 100 msec or less, the non-energization time is 0.4 se.
c, 100 to 300 msec, the non-energization time is 1.2 se
c, 300 msec or more was divided into three, namely, the non-energization time was 2 sec. Next, for the method to start up to 180 ° C, see (1) above.
Is similar to the example.

【０１０６】このようにすることで前記（１）の例と同
様に加熱体の非通紙領域の温度上昇は図４のように押え
ることができた。また前記（１）の例は、一意的に通紙
枚数で切り換えたが、本例では装置の暖まり具合を反映
して切り換えているため、より環境適応性の高い制御と
なった。By doing so, the temperature rise in the non-sheet passing area of the heating element could be suppressed as shown in FIG. 4 as in the case of the above (1). Further, in the above example (1), the number of sheets passed is uniquely changed, but in this example, since the change is reflected in consideration of the warming state of the apparatus, the control has higher environmental adaptability.

【０１０７】以上では記録材が定着ニップ部Ｎを抜けた
直後に加熱体２への電力供給を減らして装置の暖まり具
合を測定するようにした。しかし逆に一定時間、例えば
０．３ｓｅｃ程度加熱を行なって昇温速度を計測しても
装置の暖まり具合を計測することができる。あるいは前
回の紙間で非通電時間からの昇温速度をもとに装置の暖
まり具合を判断して、紙間での非通電時間を変化させて
も良い。In the above, immediately after the recording material has passed through the fixing nip portion N, the power supply to the heating body 2 is reduced and the warming condition of the apparatus is measured. However, conversely, it is possible to measure the degree of warming of the apparatus by heating for a certain period of time, for example, about 0.3 sec and measuring the temperature rising rate. Alternatively, the non-energization time between the sheets may be changed by determining the warming state of the apparatus based on the temperature rising rate from the non-energization time between the previous sheets.

【０１０８】さらには連続プリントの初期では熱量的に
は不足するので紙間で加熱しながら昇温速度で紙間を決
定し、途中から紙間で非通電ないし低電力状態で冷却し
ながら降温速度で紙間を決めるように組み合わせること
も可能である。Further, since the calorific value is insufficient at the initial stage of continuous printing, the interval between sheets is determined by the temperature rising rate while heating between sheets, and the temperature decreasing rate while cooling in the non-energized or low power state between sheets from the middle. It is also possible to combine so as to determine the space between sheets.

【０１０９】（３）例 ３ 本例は非通紙時の非通電時間を変化させていく情報とし
て加熱体を１８０℃に維持するのに必要な電力を検知し
て行なった。(3) Example 3 This example was carried out by detecting the electric power required to maintain the heating element at 180 ° C. as information for changing the non-energization time during non-sheet passing.

【０１１０】これは前記（１）や（２）の例と同様に加
熱体の温度を１８０℃に維持するのに加圧ローラ材等が
冷えているとこれらに奪われる熱が大きいため約２００
Ｗぐらいの電力が必要となる。しかし連続通紙を行ない
加圧ローラ等があたたまってくると、これらに奪われる
熱量が少なくなり１８０℃に加熱体温度を維持するため
には約１００Ｗぐらいの電力でよくなる。As in the case of the above (1) and (2), if the pressure roller material is cooled to maintain the temperature of the heating body at 180 ° C., the heat taken up by them is large, and therefore about 200.
Power of about W is required. However, when the paper is continuously fed and the pressure roller and the like are warmed up, the amount of heat taken by these is reduced, and in order to maintain the temperature of the heating body at 180 ° C., the power of about 100 W is sufficient.

【０１１１】本例ではこのことに着目し、通紙中に１８
０℃に加熱体温度を維持するのに必要な電力を検知する
手段を設け、通紙時の入力電力に応じて次の非通紙時で
ある紙間の非通電時間を決定した。In this example, paying attention to this fact, 18
A means for detecting electric power required to maintain the temperature of the heating element at 0 ° C. was provided, and the non-energization time between paper sheets during the next non-paper passage was determined according to the input electric power during paper passage.

【０１１２】具体的には加熱体温度を１８０℃に維持す
るのに、１８０Ｗ以上必要な場合は非通電時間を０．４
ｓｅｃ、１８０〜１３０Ｗのときは非通電時間を１．２
ｓｅｃ、１３０Ｗ以下のときには２ｓｅｃとした。次に
１８０℃まで立ち上げる方法は前記（１）の例と同様で
ある。Specifically, when 180 W or more is required to maintain the heating body temperature at 180 ° C., the non-energization time is 0.4
sec, 180 to 130 W, the non-energization time is 1.2
sec, 2 seconds when 130 W or less. Next, the method of raising the temperature to 180 ° C. is the same as in the example of the above (1).

【０１１３】このようにすることで、加熱体の温度上昇
は前記（１）や（２）の例と同様に封筒を連続７枚通紙
しても約２１０℃に押えることができた。By doing so, the temperature rise of the heating element could be suppressed to about 210 ° C. even when seven envelopes were continuously fed, as in the cases of the above (1) and (2).

【０１１４】（４）例 ４ 前記（１）〜（３）の例は紙サイズによらず、非通紙時
の非通電時間を変化させたが、これを小サイズ紙に限っ
て行なってもよい。例えば本実施例の説明に用いたレー
ザービームプリンタでは、最大通紙サイズはＬＴＲサイ
ズであるため、このサイズよりも小さいもの、例えばＢ
５紙や封筒等に限って前記（１）〜（３）の例を適用さ
せる。紙サイズを検知する方法としては カセット給紙である場合、カセットからの紙サイズ信
号を検知して行なう 給紙部分にセンサーを設け、このセンサーにより紙の
長さを検知しこの情報に基づき紙サイズを予測する 等が挙げられるが、紙サイズがわかればどのような方法
を用いてもよい。(4) Example 4 In the above examples (1) to (3), the non-energization time during non-sheet passing is changed irrespective of the paper size, but this may be performed only for small size sheets. Good. For example, in the laser beam printer used in the description of the present embodiment, the maximum paper passing size is the LTR size, so a size smaller than this size, for example B
The above examples (1) to (3) are applied only to five sheets of paper and envelopes. As a method of detecting the paper size, if the paper is fed from a cassette, the paper size signal from the cassette is detected. A sensor is installed in the paper feed section, this sensor detects the length of the paper, and the paper size is detected based on this information. However, any method may be used as long as the paper size is known.

【０１１５】このように小サイズ紙を連続で通紙すると
判断された場合は例えば紙間をレターサイズより２ｓｅ
ｃ長くし、、レターサイズの紙間２〜４ｓｅｃに対して
小サイズ紙の紙間を４．４ｓｅｃとし、その中で非通電
時間を変化させるということが可能となる。これによっ
て小サイズ紙の紙間での冷却時間を長くとることが可能
となり、さらに非通紙昇温を減らすことができる。When it is determined that the small size papers are continuously passed in this way, for example, the space between the papers is 2 sec.
It is possible to make the length c longer and set the interval between small size papers to 4.4 seconds while the interval between letter size papers is 2 to 4 seconds, and change the non-energization time in that interval. As a result, it is possible to lengthen the cooling time between small-sized paper sheets, and further reduce the non-sheet-passage temperature rise.

【０１１６】こうすることにより、最大通紙サイズを通
紙する時はスループットを落とさずに小サイズ紙を通紙
するときだけ若干スループットは落ちるが非通紙部分の
温度上昇をより防ぐということができる。By doing so, the throughput does not decrease when the maximum paper size is passed, and the throughput slightly decreases only when the small size paper is passed, but the temperature rise of the non-paper-passing portion can be prevented more effectively. it can.

【０１１７】本例では先に述べたように記録材が小サイ
ズであることを給紙のところに設けたセンサーで検知
し、小サイズ紙が通紙されるときは紙間と約１０６ｍ
ｍ、４．４ｓｅｃとして非通電時間の時間を変化させ
た。具体的には通紙１〜５枚までは１．０ｓｅｃ通電を
オフし、残り３．４ｓｅｃで１８０℃に立ち上げた。通
紙５〜１０枚は１．７ｓｅｃオフ、１．７オン、通紙１
０枚以降は３．８ｓｅｃオフ、０．６ｓｅｃオンで通電
制御を行なった。In this example, as described above, the small size of the recording material is detected by the sensor provided at the paper feeding position, and when the small size paper is passed, the distance between the papers is about 106 m.
The time of non-energization time was changed to m and 4.4 sec. Specifically, the power was turned off for 1.0 sec from 1 to 5 sheets of paper, and the temperature was raised to 180 ° C. for the remaining 3.4 sec. Paper passing 5 to 10 sheets is 1.7 sec off, 1.7 on, paper passing 1
After the 0th sheet, energization control was performed by turning off for 3.8 seconds and turning on for 0.6 seconds.

【０１１８】こうするとさらに非通紙部の温度上昇は押
えられ７０枚通紙後は前記（１）〜（３）の例よりもさ
らに１０ｄｅｇ加熱体表面の温度は下がり、より安定し
た紙搬送が可能となった。By doing so, the temperature rise of the non-sheet passing portion is further suppressed, and after passing 70 sheets, the temperature of the surface of the heating body is lowered by 10 deg more than that of the above examples (1) to (3), and more stable sheet feeding is possible. It has become possible.

【０１１９】紙間の非通電時間を変化させる情報として
は前記（２）・（３）の例のように通電オフ時の下降速
度や１８０℃を維持するための電力を検知して行なって
も同様の効果が得られる。As the information for changing the non-energization time between sheets, the information may be detected by detecting the descending speed when the energization is off and the electric power for maintaining 180 ° C. as in the examples (2) and (3). The same effect can be obtained.

【０１２０】以上の（１）〜（４）の例のように、Ｂ５
紙や封筒等の小サイズ紙を連続で通紙する場合、紙間に
おいて加熱体非通電状態をつくり、その非通電時間を装
置の状態により変化させることにより小サイズ紙通紙の
ときの加熱体の非通紙領域についての温度上昇をおさえ
ることができ、加熱体の非通紙領域過昇温による弊害を
除去できる。As in the above examples (1) to (4), B5
When continuously passing small size paper such as paper and envelopes, create a heating element non-energization state between the paper sheets and change the non-energization time according to the state of the device to heat the small size paper. The temperature rise in the non-sheet passing area can be suppressed, and the adverse effect due to the excessive temperature rise of the heating element in the non-sheet passing area can be eliminated.

【０１２１】〈実施例２〉（図５〜図１４） 本実施例は前記特許請求の範囲の請求項１０乃至同１２
に記載の構成を特徴とする加熱装置についての実施例で
あり、前記（Ｂ）の問題点、即ち加熱体の温度変更に対
しての制御の誤検知をなくして、どのようなモードで装
置を使用してもフィルムの温度を一定にでき、加熱装置
としての画像加熱定着装置の定着不良や高温オフセット
を防止したものである。<Embodiment 2> (FIGS. 5 to 14) This embodiment relates to claims 10 to 12 of the claims.
An embodiment of a heating device characterized by the configuration described in (1) above, which eliminates the problem of (B), that is, erroneous detection of control with respect to a change in temperature of the heating body, in which mode the device is operated. Even when used, the temperature of the film can be kept constant, and fixing failure of the image heating and fixing device as a heating device and high temperature offset are prevented.

【０１２２】（１）例 １ 加熱装置としての画像加熱定着装置の構成、加熱体の構
成は前述図３１・図１と同様である。(1) Example 1 The structure of the image heating and fixing device as the heating device and the structure of the heating body are the same as those shown in FIGS.

【０１２３】本例装置においては、まず加熱体立ち上げ
時、加熱体は５００Ｗ定電力によって立ち上げられる。
これは不図示のＡＣ電圧検知回路・通電発熱体抵抗検知
手段等の情報をもとに、位相制御、波数制御等のパルス
幅変調による電力制御手段により一定電力となるよう通
電されるためである。In the apparatus of this example, first, when the heating body is started up, the heating body is started up at a constant power of 500W.
This is because the electric power is supplied so as to be a constant electric power by the electric power control means by pulse width modulation such as phase control and wave number control based on the information of the AC voltage detection circuit, the energization heating element resistance detection means and the like (not shown). ..

【０１２４】本例ではｆ〜５０Ｈｚ、Ｖ_ac〜１００Ｖで
波数制御の基本波数を２０波とし、１４波−ＯＮ、６波
−ＯＦＦの条件で加熱体を立ち上げた。この時、装置全
体が冷えていれば加熱体２の上昇速度はゆるやかにな
り、逆に加圧ローラ１０やスティ１４等の装置全体が暖
まっていれば上昇速度は速くなる。よってこの速度を検
知することで装置の状態が推定でき、これらに応じて通
紙１枚目の加熱体設定温度を決めることで、通紙１枚目
のフィルムの温度を定着不良と高温オフセットのない領
域に設定できる。In this example, the fundamental wave number for wave number control was 20 waves at f to 50 Hz and V _{ac to} 100 V, and the heating body was started up under the conditions of 14 waves-ON and 6 waves-OFF. At this time, if the entire apparatus is cold, the rising speed of the heating element 2 becomes slower. Conversely, if the entire apparatus such as the pressure roller 10 and the stay 14 is warm, the rising speed becomes faster. Therefore, the state of the device can be estimated by detecting this speed, and the temperature of the film on the first sheet of paper being passed can be determined by fixing failure and high temperature offset by deciding the heating member set temperature of the first sheet of paper passing according to these. It can be set to a non-existent area.

【０１２５】次に、連続で記録紙をおくる場合について
説明する。これは図５に示すようなアルゴリズムにより
加熱体温度を設定する。即ち、 ．加熱体２は記録材Ｐが定着ニップ部Ｎを出ると同時
に０．６ｓｅｃ間強制的にオフにする ．次に加熱体２がオフされている中で０〜０．５ｓｅ
ｃ間でどれだけ加熱体温度が下がるかを計測する ．この計測から次の通紙のときの加熱体２の温調温度
を表１に従って決定する ．次の記録材Ｐのための加熱体２の温調を開始する。Next, a case where recording sheets are continuously placed will be described. This sets the heating body temperature by an algorithm as shown in FIG. That is ,. The heating element 2 is forcibly turned off for 0.6 sec at the same time when the recording material P leaves the fixing nip portion N. Next, while the heating element 2 is turned off, 0 to 0.5 se
Measure how much the heating element temperature decreases between c. From this measurement, the temperature control temperature of the heating element 2 at the time of the next sheet passing is determined according to Table 1. ． The temperature control of the heating element 2 for the next recording material P is started.

【０１２６】これは、加熱体オフ時間の中で下降速度を
検知しており従来のように両者を同じにしておくと誤検
知し、図６のようにまだ加熱体温度としては２１０°Ｃ
必要なのが２００°Ｃに切りかわってしまい、定着不良
画像を排出することがあったものが、図７のように誤検
知することなしに確実に表１にならって加熱体表面の温
度を設定するようになる。This is because the descending speed is detected during the heating body off time and it is erroneously detected if the two are kept the same as in the conventional case, and the heating body temperature is still 210 ° C. as shown in FIG.
What was needed was to switch to 200 ° C, and a defective fixing image could be ejected. Set the temperature of the heating element surface according to Table 1 without erroneous detection as shown in Fig. 7. Come to do.

【０１２７】こうすることで加熱体の温度下降速度を確
実に検知することができ、これらの情報により加圧ロー
ラ等の装置全体の状態が推定できるため、加熱体設定温
度を変えてゆくことでフィルム温度を図８のように一定
とすることができ、定着不良と高温オフセットを防止す
ことができる。By doing so, it is possible to reliably detect the temperature lowering speed of the heating element, and the state of the entire apparatus such as the pressure roller can be estimated from these information, so that the heating element set temperature can be changed. The film temperature can be made constant as shown in FIG. 8, and fixing failure and high temperature offset can be prevented.

【０１２８】（２）例 ２ 上記（１）の例では加熱体２の下降速度を検出したが、
本例のように一定時間後の加熱体２の到達温度により加
熱体温調温度を変化させても同様の効果が得られる。(2) Example 2 In the example of (1) above, the descending speed of the heating element 2 was detected.
Similar effects can be obtained by changing the heating body temperature control temperature according to the reached temperature of the heating body 2 after a certain time as in this example.

【０１２９】具体的には図９に示すアルゴリズムによっ
て加熱体温度を設定する。Specifically, the heating element temperature is set by the algorithm shown in FIG.

【０１３０】．加熱体２は記録材が定着ニップ部Ｎを
出ると同時に１．７ｓｅｃ間オフする ．次に１．５ｓｅｃ後に加熱体２が到達した温度を測
定する ．この値から次の通紙する時の加熱体温調温度を表２
に従って決定する ．次の記録材Ｐに対する加熱体２の温調を開始する。.. The heating element 2 is turned off for 1.7 seconds at the same time when the recording material leaves the fixing nip portion N. Next, after 1.5 seconds, the temperature reached by the heating element 2 is measured. From this value, the heating temperature control temperature at the time of the next paper passing is shown in Table 2.
To decide according to ． The temperature control of the heating element 2 for the next recording material P is started.

【０１３１】このようにすることで、前記（１）の例と
同様に誤検知なしに加熱体温度を制御することができ、
結果としてフィルムの温度は一定になり、高温オフセッ
トと定着不良を防止することができる。By doing so, the heating element temperature can be controlled without erroneous detection as in the case of the above (1),
As a result, the temperature of the film becomes constant, and high temperature offset and improper fixing can be prevented.

【０１３２】（３）例 ３ 前記（１）の例では加熱体２への通電をストップすると
同時に下降速度を検知しはじめたが、本例では、この下
降速度検知開始点も確実に加熱体２の通電をストップし
た後に行なうものである。すなわち図１０のようなアル
ゴリズムで次の加熱体の温調温度を決定する。(3) Example 3 In the example of (1) above, the energization of the heating element 2 was stopped and the descending speed was started to be detected at the same time. This is done after stopping the energization of. That is, the temperature control temperature of the next heating element is determined by the algorithm shown in FIG.

【０１３３】．加熱体２は記録材Ｐが定着ニップ部Ｎ
をぬけると０．７ｓｅｃ間強制的にオフする ．次に加熱体２がオフされている間の０．１〜０．６
ｓｅｃ間でどれだけ加熱体温度が下がるかを計測する ．この計測値から次の通紙のときの加熱体表面の温調
温度を表３に従って決定する ．加熱体２の温調を開始する。.. In the heating body 2, the recording material P has the fixing nip portion N.
When it goes out, it is forcibly turned off for 0.7 sec. Next, 0.1 to 0.6 while the heating element 2 is off
Measure how much the temperature of the heating element drops in the period of sec. From this measured value, the temperature control temperature of the surface of the heating element at the time of the next sheet passing is determined according to Table 3. ． The temperature control of the heating element 2 is started.

【０１３４】これは加熱体下降速度を見る上での図１１
のような測定開始時の後検知をなくしたものである。This is shown in FIG. 11 for observing the descending speed of the heating element.
The detection is eliminated after the start of the measurement.

【０１３５】こうすることで図１２のようにより加熱体
下降速度が記録材Ｐの搬送速度にばらつきが有って後端
が定着ニップ部Ｎをぬけるタイミングがばらついても正
確に測定でき、これらの情報により次の加熱体設定温度
を変えるゆくことで良好な定着画像を得ることができ
る。By doing so, as shown in FIG. 12, even if the heating body descending speed varies in the conveying speed of the recording material P and the timing of the trailing edge passing through the fixing nip portion N varies, accurate measurement can be performed. A good fixed image can be obtained by changing the next heating member set temperature according to the information.

【０１３６】（４）例 ４ 本例では紙間で温調モードを設け、その温度に決められ
た０．５ｓｅｃ時間に下降する場合についての方法につ
いて述べる。(4) Example 4 In this example, a method will be described in which a temperature control mode is provided between the sheets and the temperature is lowered to 0.5 sec determined by the temperature.

【０１３７】これは、先にのべたように０．５ｓｅｃま
でに紙間の温調モードに入っているにもかかわらず温度
だけを検知して判断をしているため加熱体上の温度リッ
プルの関係上、０．５ｓｅｃ後に温調温度よりも高い温
度にあると装置があたたまっていると判断し加熱体の温
調温度を下げてしまう。As described above, this is because the temperature is detected only by the temperature even if the paper interval temperature control mode is entered by 0.5 sec. For this reason, if the temperature is higher than the temperature control temperature after 0.5 sec, it is determined that the device is warmed up, and the temperature control temperature of the heating element is lowered.

【０１３８】本例ではこのような誤検知をなくすため
に、図１３のようなアルゴリズムにより加熱体の温調温
度を決定する。 ．記録材Ｐが定着ニップ部Ｎをぬけると強制的に加熱
体２を１．７ｓｅｃオフする ．加熱体オフしてから１．５ｓｅｃ後の到達温度を測
定する ．この測定値により次の温調温度を表４に従って決定
する ．紙間が長い時はこの温調温度よりも１５ｄｅｇ低い
ところに紙間温調モードを設ける．記録材Ｐが定着ニ
ップ部Ｎのところにくると通紙時の温調モードへ移る。In this example, in order to eliminate such erroneous detection, the temperature control temperature of the heating element is determined by the algorithm shown in FIG. ． When the recording material P passes through the fixing nip portion N, the heating element 2 is forcibly turned off for 1.7 seconds. Measure the temperature reached 1.5 seconds after turning off the heating element. Based on this measured value, the next controlled temperature is determined according to Table 4. ． When the paper interval is long, the paper interval temperature control mode is set at a position 15 deg lower than this temperature control temperature. When the recording material P arrives at the fixing nip portion N, the temperature control mode at the time of passing the paper is entered.

【０１３９】このようにすることで、加熱体表面の温度
は図１４のようになり、紙間に第２の温調モードを設け
ても、誤検知することなく加熱体の表面温調温度を変え
てゆくことができる。By doing so, the temperature of the surface of the heating element becomes as shown in FIG. 14, and even if the second temperature adjustment mode is provided between the sheets, the surface temperature adjustment temperature of the heating element can be adjusted without erroneous detection. You can change.

【０１４０】（５）例 ５ 前記（１）〜（４）の例では紙間において加熱体を強制
的にオフしその下降温度変化を見たが、逆に紙間に一定
の電力を強制的にオンし、この中でオンした時間よりも
短い時間で上昇温度変化をみることによっても装置の状
態はわかり確実に加熱体２の次の通紙時における温調温
度が決定できる。(5) Example 5 In the above examples (1) to (4), the heating element was forcibly turned off between the sheets and the temperature drop was observed, but conversely, a constant electric power was forcibly applied between the sheets. When the temperature of the heating element 2 is turned on and the rising temperature change is observed in a shorter time than the turning on time, the state of the apparatus can be understood, and the temperature control temperature of the heating element 2 at the time of the next sheet passing can be reliably determined.

【０１４１】以上の（１）〜（５）の例のように、加熱
体２に一定電力を供給する、あるいは通電を強制的にス
トップする時間の方が加熱体２の温度変化をみる時間よ
りも長くすることにより加熱体２の温度を変更に対して
の誤検知をなくすることができるという効果がある。As in the above examples (1) to (5), the time during which constant power is supplied to the heating element 2 or the energization is forcibly stopped is longer than the time during which the temperature change of the heating element 2 is observed. There is an effect that it is possible to eliminate erroneous detection when the temperature of the heating element 2 is changed by increasing the length.

【０１４２】〈実施例３〉（図１５〜図１８） 本実施例は前記特許請求の範囲の請求項１３乃至同１５
に記載の構成を特徴とする加熱装置についての実施例で
あり、前記実施例２と同じく前記（Ｂ）の問題点、即ち
加熱体の温度変更に対しての制御の誤検知をなくして、
どのようなモードで装置を使用してもフィルムの温度を
一定にでき、加熱装置としての画像加熱定着装置の定着
不良や高温オフセットを防止したものである。<Embodiment 3> (FIGS. 15 to 18) This embodiment relates to claims 13 to 15 of the claims.
An embodiment of a heating device characterized by the configuration described in (1), which eliminates the problem of (B) as in the case of the second embodiment, that is, erroneous detection of control with respect to temperature change of the heating body,
The temperature of the film can be kept constant regardless of the mode in which the device is used, and fixing failure and high temperature offset of the image heating and fixing device as a heating device are prevented.

【０１４３】（１）例 １ 加熱装置としての画像加熱定着装置の構成、加熱体の構
成は前述図３１・図１と同様である。(1) Example 1 The structure of the image heating and fixing device as the heating device and the structure of the heating member are the same as those shown in FIGS.

【０１４４】前記実施例２の（１）の例と同様に、加熱
体２は５００Ｗ定電力によって立ち上げられる。本例で
はｆ〜５０Ｈｚ、Ｖ_ac〜１００Ｖで波数制御の基本波数
を２０波とし、１４波−ＯＮ、６波−ＯＦＦの条件で加
熱体２を立ち上げた。Similar to the example (1) of the second embodiment, the heating element 2 is started up with a constant power of 500W. In this example, the fundamental wave number of the wave number control was 20 waves at f to 50 Hz and V _{ac to} 100 V, and the heating element 2 was started up under the conditions of 14 waves-ON and 6 waves-OFF.

【０１４５】この時、装置全体が冷えていれば加熱体の
上昇速度はゆるやかになり、逆に加圧ローラ１０やステ
ィ１４等の装置全体が暖まっていれば、上昇速度は速く
なる。よってこの速度を検知することで装置の状態が推
定でき、これらに応じて通紙１枚目の加熱体設定温度を
決めることで通紙１枚目フィルムの温度を定着不良と高
温オフセットのない領域に設定できることは前記実施例
２と同様である。At this time, if the entire apparatus is cold, the ascending speed of the heating body becomes slow, and conversely, if the entire apparatus such as the pressure roller 10 and the stay 14 is warm, the ascending speed becomes faster. Therefore, the state of the device can be estimated by detecting this speed, and the temperature of the first sheet of the sheet to be passed can be determined according to these to determine the temperature of the first sheet of the sheet to a region where there is no defective fixing and high-temperature offset. It can be set to the same as in the second embodiment.

【０１４６】次に、連続で記録材Ｐをおくる場合につい
て説明する。これは図１５に示すようなアルゴリズムに
より加熱体温度を設定する。Next, a case where recording materials P are continuously placed will be described. This sets the heating body temperature by an algorithm as shown in FIG.

【０１４７】で加熱体２は記録材Ｐが定着ニップ部Ｎ
を出ると同時に制御温度Ｔ₁ よりＴ′へ切り換える。
でタイマーをスタートさせる。で加熱体２の温度Ｔが
Ｔ′より高い場合はＮＯでへ行く。でタイマーがサ
ンプリング時間に達していなければへもどる。でＹ
ＥＳの場合にはでＦｌａｇを立てる。そしてで紙間
の温調を始めＴ′に制御する。でタイマーがサンプリ
ング時間を超えればＦｌａｇを立てずにに行き加熱体
をＴ′で制御する。そして次の記録材に対してはでＦ
ｌａｇが立っていればへ行き前の記録材と同じ温度Ｔ
₁ で加熱体を制御する。でＦｌａｇが立っていない場
合はで制御温度をＴ₂ に変えて次の記録材の定着を行
なう。このようにして制御した場合の加熱体２の温度変
化を図１６に示す。In the heating element 2, the recording material P has the fixing nip portion N.
At the same time when the control temperature is exited, the control temperature T ₁ is switched to T '.
To start the timer. If the temperature T of the heating element 2 is higher than T ', NO is selected. If the timer does not reach the sampling time, return to. And Y
In case of ES, set Flag with. Then, the temperature control between the sheets is started and controlled to T '. If the timer exceeds the sampling time, the heating body is controlled without turning on the flag by T '. And F for the next recording material
If the lag is standing, the same temperature T as the recording material before going to
₁ controls the heating element. If the flag is not raised at, the control temperature is changed to T ₂ and the next recording material is fixed. FIG. 16 shows the temperature change of the heating element 2 when controlled in this manner.

【０１４８】このようにＦｌａｇを目安に立っている場
合は装置が冷えていると判断し通紙中の制御温度を変え
ず、Ｆｌａｇがない場合には制御温度を下げることによ
ってフィルムの温度を定着不良も高温オフセットも発生
しない温度域内に制御できる。In this way, when the Flag is set as a standard, it is determined that the apparatus is cold, and the control temperature during sheet feeding is not changed. When there is no Flag, the control temperature is lowered to fix the film temperature. It can be controlled within a temperature range where neither defects nor high temperature offset occur.

【０１４９】（実験例）下記表５のように通紙中の加熱
体２の制御温度を順次に切り換えた。即ち、Ｆｌａｇが
立たない場合に１８０℃→１７０℃、１７０℃→１６３
℃、１６３℃→１５５と通紙中の加熱体の制御温度を変
えた。サンプリングタイムはｔ₀₌０．３ｓｅｃとした。(Experimental Example) As shown in Table 5 below, the control temperature of the heating element 2 during sheet feeding was sequentially switched. That is, if the Flag does not stand, 180 ° C → 170 ° C, 170 ° C → 163
C., 163.degree. C..fwdarw.155, and the control temperature of the heating element during paper passing was changed. The sampling time was t _{0 =} 0.3 sec.

【０１５０】 この結果、図１７の示すようにフィルムの温度を高温オ
フセットと定着不良どちらも発生しない範囲に制御する
ことができた。[0150] As a result, as shown in FIG. 17, the temperature of the film could be controlled within a range in which neither high temperature offset nor defective fixing occurred.

【０１５１】（２）例 ２ 前記（１）の例はフラッグを目安に次の制御温度を決定
した。本例は紙間温調に入るタイミングが早いか否かを
判断する。すなわち紙間の制御温度に達してから所定の
時間ｔ₀ ′（この時間は紙間の制御をスタートしてから
の一定時間で良い）までの時間ｔを計測する。(2) Example 2 In the example of (1), the following control temperature was determined by using the flag as a guide. In this example, it is determined whether or not the timing to enter the inter-paper temperature control is early. That is, the time t from when the control temperature between the sheets is reached to a predetermined time t ₀ ′ (this time may be a fixed time after the control of the sheet interval is started) is measured.

【０１５２】この時間ｔはフィルム、加圧ローラ等が暖
まっている場合は短く冷えている場合は長くなる。This time t is short when the film, the pressure roller and the like are warm and long when the film and the pressure roller are cold.

【０１５３】従ってこの時間ｔが図１８の（ａ）に示す
ようにｔ₁ のごとく短い場合には次の記録材に対しての
制御温度はＴ₂ に下げる。一方（ｂ）のようにｔがｔ₂
のごとく長い場合には次の記録材の制御温度はＴ₁ を保
つ。Therefore, when this time t is as short as t ₁ as shown in FIG. 18A, the control temperature for the next recording material is lowered to T ₂ . On the other hand, as in (b), t is t ₂
If the temperature is long, the control temperature of the next recording material is maintained at T ₁ .

【０１５４】通紙中および紙間の制御温度は実施例と同
じにし、ｔ₀ ′を０．３ｓｅｃとした時にｔ≦０．２ｓ
ｅｃでは次の場合に次の記録材の制御温度は前の記録材
と同じにし、０．３≧ｔ＞０．２ｓｅｃの場合に次の記
録材の制御温度は１段階下げる（すなわち前の記録材に
対して１８０℃で制御した場合に次の記録材には１７０
℃に下げる）ようにすることで前述図１７と同様の結果
が得られた。The control temperature during the sheet passing and the sheet interval is the same as in the embodiment, and when t ₀ ′ is 0.3 sec, t ≦ 0.2 s.
In ec, the control temperature of the next recording material is set to be the same as that of the previous recording material in the following case, and when 0.3 ≧ t> 0.2 sec, the control temperature of the next recording material is lowered by one step (that is, the previous recording material). When the recording material is controlled at 180 ℃, the next recording material is 170
(Lowered to 0 ° C.), the same result as that in FIG. 17 was obtained.

【０１５５】以上の（１）や（２）の例のように、高温
オフセットも定着不良も発生しないようなクイックスタ
ートの加熱装置を得ることが可能となった。 〈実施例４〉（図１９〜図２２） 本実施例は前記特許請求の範囲の請求項１６乃至同１９
に記載の構成を特徴とする加熱装置についての実施例で
あり、前記実施例２と同じく前記（Ｂ）の問題点、即ち
加熱体の温度変更に対しての制御の誤検知をなくして、
どのようなモードで装置を使用してもフィルムの温度を
一定にでき、加熱装置としての画像加熱定着装置の定着
不良や高温オフセットを防止したものである。As in the above examples (1) and (2), it is possible to obtain a quick-start heating device in which neither high-temperature offset nor defective fixing occurs. <Embodiment 4> (FIGS. 19 to 22) This embodiment includes claims 16 to 19 of the claims.
An embodiment of a heating device characterized by the configuration described in (1), which eliminates the problem of (B) as in the case of the second embodiment, that is, erroneous detection of control with respect to temperature change of the heating body,
The temperature of the film can be kept constant regardless of the mode in which the device is used, and fixing failure and high temperature offset of the image heating and fixing device as a heating device are prevented.

【０１５６】（１）例 １ 加熱装置としての画像加熱定着装置の構成、加熱体２の
構成は前述図３３・図１と同様である。(1) Example 1 The structure of the image heating and fixing device as the heating device and the structure of the heating member 2 are the same as those shown in FIGS.

【０１５７】図１９は本例における、連続プリント時の
加熱体温度、フィルム温度、加圧ローラ温度の時間変化
図である。FIG. 19 is a time change chart of the temperature of the heating element, the temperature of the film, and the temperature of the pressure roller during continuous printing in this example.

【０１５８】まず、加熱体立ち上げ時において図２０の
アルゴリズムと表６により加熱体温度を設定する。First, when the heating element is started up, the heating element temperature is set according to the algorithm of FIG. 20 and Table 6.

【０１５９】 加熱体２は７００Ｗ定電力通電により立ち上げられる。
加熱体温度が１６５°Ｃになったら通電電力を５００Ｗ
にかえる。[0159] The heating element 2 is started by energizing with a constant power of 700W.
When the temperature of the heating element reaches 165 ° C, the energizing power is 500W.
Change

【０１６０】すなわちＡＣ電源電圧検知・加熱体抵抗検
知手段などの情報をもとに、位相制御・波数制御等のパ
ルス幅変調による電力制御手段により一定電力となるよ
うに通電される。本例ではｆ〜５０Ｈｚ、Ｖ_ac〜１００
ＶのＡＣ電圧１００％通電時７００Ｗの加熱体でＡＣ電
圧を１００ｍｓｅｃ−ＯＮ、４０ｍｓｅｃ−ＯＦＦをく
り返し５００Ｗの定電力通電を行った。That is, based on the information of the AC power supply voltage detection / heater resistance detection means and the like, the power control means by pulse width modulation such as phase control and wave number control supplies electricity so that constant power is obtained. In this example, f to 50 Hz, V _{ac to} 100
When the AC voltage of V was 100%, the AC voltage was repeatedly 100 msec-ON and 40 msec-OFF with the heating body of 700 W, and the constant power supply of 500 W was performed.

【０１６１】この時、装置全体が冷えていれば加熱体２
の上昇度はゆるやかになり、逆に装置全体が暖まってい
れば上昇速度は速くなる。よって加熱体２の上昇速度を
みれば加圧ローラやステーの温度が推定でき、それらに
応じて通紙１枚目の加熱体設定温度を変えてやる事によ
り装置全体がそれまでどのような使われ方をしていたと
しても簡単な操作でフィルム温度を一定とし、定着不良
も高温オフセットも防止することができる。At this time, if the entire apparatus is cold, the heating element 2
The rate of increase of the speed becomes slower, and on the contrary, the speed of increase becomes faster if the entire device is warm. Therefore, the temperature of the pressure roller and stay can be estimated by looking at the rising speed of the heating element 2, and by changing the set temperature of the heating element for the first sheet of paper in accordance with the temperature, the entire device can be used up to that point. Even if it is distorted, the film temperature can be kept constant by a simple operation to prevent fixing failure and high temperature offset.

【０１６２】そして通紙状態においては例えば２００°
Ｃに制御するのであれば必要とされる電力の少し多目と
少し少な目の電力を交互に切り換えることで温度リップ
ルを少なくするように制御する。In the paper passing state, for example, 200 °
When controlling to C, the control is performed so as to reduce the temperature ripple by alternately switching a slightly higher power and a slightly lower power required.

【０１６３】例えば２００°Ｃを保つために必要な電力
が１８０ＷであるならＨｉｇｈ１９０ＷとＬｏｗ１７０
Ｗを適宜切り換える制御を行う。For example, if the electric power required to maintain 200 ° C. is 180 W, then High 190 W and Low 170
Control is performed to switch W as appropriate.

【０１６４】これは、位相制御・波数制御共に必要電力
に正確に合わせることが困難なことと、装置の熱容量の
バラツキや暖まり方に対してこのようにＨｉｇｈとＬｏ
ｗの２つのレベルで切り換えて制御した方が良いからで
ある。そして紙間においてはＨｉｇｈレベルは１９０Ｗ
とし、Ｌｏｗレベルを大きく減らした値、例えば０Ｗと
する。This is because it is difficult to accurately match the required electric power to both the phase control and the wave number control, and variations in the heat capacity of the device and how to warm up the device are as described above.
This is because it is better to switch and control at two levels of w. And the high level is 190W between sheets
And the Low level is greatly reduced, for example, 0 W.

【０１６５】すると図２１に示すように大きな温度リッ
プルが発生する。この温度リップルは装置の冷えている
状態では加圧ローラ１０やフィルム１に加熱体２から急
激に熱がうばわれるため（ａ）のように大きなものとな
る。一方で通紙５０枚程度連続してプリントした後のリ
ップルは装置が暖まっているので（ｂ）のように小さく
なる。Then, a large temperature ripple is generated as shown in FIG. This temperature ripple becomes large as shown in (a) because the pressure roller 10 and the film 1 are abruptly radiated with heat from the heater 2 when the apparatus is cold. On the other hand, the ripple after printing about 50 sheets continuously is small as shown in (b) because the apparatus is warm.

【０１６６】従ってこのリップルの大きさＴ_p −Ｔ_b を
測定することで、加圧ローラ１０とフィルム１の暖まり
具合を判断することができるので、このＴ_p −Ｔ_b をも
とに通紙時の制御温度の切り換えを行なえばオフセット
も定着不良もなくプリントを続けることが可能である。Therefore, by measuring the magnitude of this ripple T _p -T _b , it is possible to determine the degree of warming of the pressure roller 10 and the film 1, and therefore, the paper passing based on this T _p -T _b . By switching the control temperature at that time, it is possible to continue printing without any offset or defective fixing.

【０１６７】前記図１９は表７に従って、リップルの大
きさに従って制御温度の切り換えを行なったものであ
る。In FIG. 19, the control temperature is switched according to the magnitude of ripple according to Table 7.

【０１６８】 このように加熱体温度を装置の暖まり具合に基づいて制
御して、連続プリント時に除々に下げることで、定着不
良とオフセットを防止できた。[0168] In this way, by controlling the temperature of the heating element based on the degree of warming of the apparatus and gradually lowering it during continuous printing, it is possible to prevent defective fixing and offset.

【０１６９】なおこの紙間でのＨｉｇｈとＬｏｗの制御
は紙間全域でなく一部において行なっても良く、次の記
録材Ｐが定着ニップ部Ｎに入る前に適正な制御温度に到
達可能なタイミングで記録材が有る場合の制御に切り換
われば良い。The control of High and Low between the sheets may be performed not in the entire sheet interval but in a part thereof, and the proper control temperature can be reached before the next recording material P enters the fixing nip portion N. The control may be switched to the control when the recording material is present at the timing.

【０１７０】（２）例 ２ 前記（１）の例ではＴ_p −Ｔ_b を基に制御したが、Ｔ_b
またはＴ_p を基に制御しても良い。[0170] (2) has been controlled based on T _p -T _b in the example of Example 2 above (1), T _{b
Alternatively} , it may be controlled based on T _p .

【０１７１】Ｔ_b での制御として表８、Ｔ_p での制御と
して表９を用いたところ、いずれにおいてもオフセット
も定着不良の発生なく連続プリントを続けることが可能
であった。When Table 8 was used as the control at T _b and Table 9 was used as the control at T _p , it was possible to continue the continuous printing in both cases with no offset fixing failure.

【０１７２】 （３）例 ３ 前記（１）や（２）の例では紙間も通紙中と同一温度で
加熱体を制御していたが、本例では紙間の制御温度も通
紙中より１５ｄｅｇ以上下げるものである。[0172] (3) Example 3 In the examples of (1) and (2), the heating element was controlled at the same temperature as that during sheet feeding, but in this example, the control temperature between sheets is 15 deg or more than that during sheet feeding. To lower.

【０１７３】これによって連続プリント中の装置の昇温
を抑制し、小サイズ紙を連続プリントする際の加熱体２
の非通紙領域の昇温を減少させ、さらには不要な電力消
費を防止することができる。As a result, the temperature rise of the apparatus during continuous printing is suppressed, and the heating element 2 for continuous printing of small size paper is performed.
It is possible to reduce the temperature rise in the paper non-passage area and to prevent unnecessary power consumption.

【０１７４】またリップル等を大きくすることが可能で
これによって検知精度を向上させることも可能である。
このリップルの比較を図２２に示す。（ａ）が前記
（２）の例の場合であり、（Ｂ）が本例の場合である。
Ｔは通紙中の制御温度、Ｔ′は紙間の制御温度である。Further, it is possible to increase the ripple and the like, and thereby to improve the detection accuracy.
A comparison of this ripple is shown in FIG. (A) is the case of the above example (2), and (B) is the case of this example.
T is a control temperature during sheet feeding, and T'is a control temperature between sheets.

【０１７５】以上（１）〜（３）の例のように、紙間に
おいて加熱体２の通電電力をＨｉｇｈレベルと大きく減
少させたＬｏｗとで制御することで温度リップルを生じ
させ、このリップルの大きさで次の記録材Ｐに対する制
御温度を切り換えてオフセットと定着不良を発生させる
ことなく連続プリントを行なうことが可能となった。 〈実施例５〉（図２３〜図３０） 本実施例は前記特許請求の範囲の請求項２０乃至同２２
に記載の構成を特徴とする加熱装置についての実施例で
あり、前記（Ｃ）の問題点を解消したものである。即ち
波数制御により制御された電力量で加熱体を所定温度に
立ち上げる際に、その昇温速度を検知し、その速度に応
じてその後の各種制御値を決定する加熱装置において、
速度の検出の際の誤差を減らし、立ち上り後の制御をよ
り正確に行なうようにしたものである。As in the above examples (1) to (3), a temperature ripple is generated by controlling the electric power supplied to the heating element 2 between the paper sheets at a high level and a greatly reduced low level. The control temperature for the next recording material P can be switched depending on the size, and continuous printing can be performed without causing offset and fixing failure. <Embodiment 5> (FIGS. 23 to 30) The present embodiment includes claims 20 to 22 of the claims.
It is an embodiment of a heating device characterized by the configuration described in (3) above, which solves the problem (C). That is, when the heating element is raised to a predetermined temperature with the amount of electric power controlled by the wave number control, the heating rate is detected, and in the heating device that determines various control values thereafter according to the rate,
The error in speed detection is reduced, and the control after rising is performed more accurately.

【０１７６】（１）例 １ 本例の加熱装置としての画像加熱定着装置の構成、加熱
体の構成は前述図３１・図１と同様である。(1) Example 1 The structure of the image heating and fixing device as the heating device of this example and the structure of the heating body are the same as those shown in FIGS.

【０１７７】ただし該画像加熱定着装置を装着したレー
ザービームプリンタは記録材送りスピード（プロセスス
ピード）５６ｍｍ／ｓｅｃで、Ａ４サイズ紙を毎分６枚
出力するプリンタである。However, the laser beam printer equipped with the image heating and fixing device is a printer which outputs 6 sheets of A4 size paper at a recording material feeding speed (process speed) of 56 mm / sec.

【０１７８】加熱体は５００Ｗ定電力によって立ち上げ
られる。この時、何ボルトの入力電圧があっても加熱体
への供給電力が５００Ｗになるように、不図示のＡＣ電
圧検知回路・ヒータ抵抗検知手段等の情報を基に加熱体
への通電に波数制御をかけている。The heating element is started up by a constant power of 500W. At this time, so that the power supplied to the heating element will be 500 W regardless of the input voltage of any voltage, the wave number is applied to the heating element based on the information of the AC voltage detection circuit, heater resistance detection means, etc. (not shown). You are in control.

【０１７９】本例では、ｆ〜５０Ｈｚ、Ｖ_ac〜１１５Ｖ
のＡＣ電圧で波数制御の基本波数を２０波とし、１０波
−ＯＮ、１０波−ＯＦＦの条件で加熱体を立ち上げた。In this example, f to 50 Hz, V _{ac to} 115 V
The basic wave number of the wave number control was set to 20 waves with the AC voltage of 10 and the heating body was started under the conditions of 10 waves-ON and 10 waves-OFF.

【０１８０】したがって、基本波数が一周期を繰り返す
のに要する時間ｔ_W は ｔ_W ＝１．０（sec ）×［２０（波）÷｛５０（Ｈｚ）×２｝］ ＝０．２（sec ）＝２００（msec） である。Therefore, the time t _W required for the fundamental wave number to repeat one cycle is t _W = 1.0 (sec) × [20 (wave) ÷ {50 (Hz) × 2}] = 0.2 (sec ) = 200 (msec).

【０１８１】ここで、５０（Ｈｚ）×２となるのは、本
例の波数制御をではＡＣの半波を一波と数えているため
である。すなわち、１秒間に波は１００個あるのであ
る。Here, the reason why it becomes 50 (Hz) × 2 is that the half wave of AC is counted as one wave in the wave number control of this example. That is, there are 100 waves per second.

【０１８２】さて波数制御により、微小な温度リップル
を描きながら加熱体温度は上昇を続け、サーミスタ検知
温度が１２０°Ｃに達したら、ＣＰＵ３２（図１）はそ
の時点からある一定時間ｔ_base間の昇温速度を検知す
る。By the wave number control, the temperature of the heating body continues to rise while drawing a minute temperature ripple, and when the temperature detected by the thermistor reaches 120 ° C, the CPU 32 (FIG. 1) causes the CPU 32 (FIG. 1) to continue for a certain time t _base . Detect the rate of temperature rise.

【０１８３】より具体的には、１２０°Ｃに達した時点
でＣＰＵ３２がタイマをスタートさせ、一定時間ｔ_base
後に温度が何ｄｅｇ上昇しているかを計測することにな
る。More specifically, when the temperature reaches 120 ° C., the CPU 32 starts the timer to set a fixed time t _base.
Later, it will be measured how many degrees the temperature has risen.

【０１８４】すなわち、ここでいう昇温速度とはｔ_base
間での平均昇温速度であり、ｔ_baseの間に温度がＴｄｅ
ｇ上昇した場合、昇温速度ｖは ｖ＝ｄＴ／ｄ（ｔ_base） となる。That is, the heating rate here is t _base
An average heating rate of between a temperature between t _base is Tde
When the temperature rises by g, the heating rate v becomes v = dT / d (t _base ).

【０１８５】この時、装置全体が冷えていれば加熱体２
の昇温速度はゆるやかになり、逆に暖まっていれば速く
なる。よって、昇温速度ｖをみれば加圧ローラ１０やス
ティ１４の温度が推定でき、それらに応じて通紙一枚目
の温調温度、及び供給電力等の制御値を決定する。本例
では表１０に示す制御テーブルにより温調温度を決定す
る。At this time, if the entire apparatus is cold, the heating element 2
The rate of temperature rise is slower, and on the contrary, it is faster if it is warm. Therefore, the temperature of the pressure roller 10 and the stay 14 can be estimated by looking at the temperature increase rate v, and the control values such as the temperature control temperature of the first sheet passing and the supplied power are determined according to them. In this example, the temperature control temperature is determined by the control table shown in Table 10.

【０１８６】 本例の条件では、加熱体温度１００°Ｃ〜１６０°Ｃの
間で加熱体の昇温速度は基本波数中でＯＮ時、約１５０
deg/sec であることを本発明者等は確認した。なお、こ
れはこの本例装置での加熱体昇温速度の最速値である。[0186] Under the conditions of this example, the heating rate of the heating body is about 150 when the heating body temperature is between 100 ° C. and 160 ° C. when the fundamental wave number is ON.
The present inventors have confirmed that it is deg / sec. It should be noted that this is the maximum value of the heating rate of the heating body in the apparatus of this example.

【０１８７】図２３は本例装置の加熱体２の温度上昇時
の波数リップルである。加熱体２の基本波数単位の平均
昇温速度は線Ｑの傾きξで表される。FIG. 23 is a wave number ripple when the temperature of the heating element 2 of the apparatus of this example rises. The average rate of temperature rise of the heating element 2 in units of the fundamental wave number is represented by the slope ξ of the line Q.

【０１８８】この速度は、５００Ｗ入力で波数制御を用
いず、フル通電で本例の加熱体２を立ち上げた際に検出
される昇温速度と一致する。This rate matches the rate of temperature increase detected when the heating element 2 of this example is started up at full energization without inputting wave number control at 500 W input.

【０１８９】すなわち、波数制御を用い定電力制御を行
なうのには、昇温温度がξとなる条件では、常にξの平
均上昇速度を得ようとする意味もある。That is, the constant power control using the wave number control also has the meaning of always obtaining the average rising rate of ξ under the condition that the temperature rise is ξ.

【０１９０】したがって昇温速度検知を行なった時に検
出される出力値は傾きξの線を描くもの、もしくはそれ
に高いものでなくてはならない。Therefore, the output value detected when the temperature increase rate is detected must be one that draws a line with a slope ξ, or one that is high.

【０１９１】本例においては上記の昇温速度計測時間ｔ
_baseを２００ｎｓｅｃとし基本波数の一周期に要する時
間ｔ_W と等しくする。すなわち、 ｔ_base＝ｔ_w とする。In this example, the above-mentioned temperature increase rate measurement time t
_{The base is set} to 200 nsec and is equal to the time t _W required for one cycle of the fundamental wave number. That is, t _base = t _w .

【０１９２】図２４は本実施例を適用し場合の昇温速度
検知のタイミングについて示したものである。基本波数
の一周期ｔ_w で加熱体が上昇する温度は、基本波数中の
どのタイミングから数えても常に一定である。FIG. 24 shows the timing of temperature increase rate detection when this embodiment is applied. The temperature at which the heating body rises in one cycle t _w of the fundamental wave number is always constant regardless of the timing of the fundamental wave number.

【０１９３】したがって、昇温速度の計測時間ｔ_baseを
基本波数の一周期ｔ_w と等しくすれば計測開始時（１２
０°Ｃ）から数えて、常に基本波数の一周期が完結した
段階で温度の計測が行なわれるため、ｔ_base中の昇温速
度ｖ＝ｄＴ／ｄ（ｔ_base）は当然前記図２３の傾きξと
同じ値を持つことになる。Therefore, if the measurement time t _base of the temperature rising rate is made equal to one cycle t _w of the fundamental wave number, the measurement is started (12
Counting from 0 ° C), always for one cycle of the basic wave number is performed the measurement of the temperature at the stage of completion, t heating rate in the _{base v = dT / d (t} base) course of the Figure 23 tilt It will have the same value as ξ.

【０１９４】すなわち、基本波数中のいかなる位置で計
測が開始されても従来問題となっていたような誤差（計
測値のばらつき）は一切発生しなくなる。That is, no matter what position in the fundamental wave number the measurement is started, the error (dispersion of the measured value), which has been a problem in the past, does not occur at all.

【０１９５】なお、本例では基本波数が２０波の場合を
書いたが、基本波数を変えれば時間ｔ_baseの値が変更さ
れるのはいうまでもなく、例えば１０波−波数制御では
１００ｍｓｅｃ、１５波−波数制御では１５０ｍｓｅｃ
となる。In this example, the case where the fundamental wave number is 20 waves is described, but it goes without saying that the value of the time t _base is changed if the fundamental wave number is changed. For example, in 10-wave-number control, 100 msec, 15 m-150 msec for wave number control
Becomes

【０１９６】また、基本波数中で加熱体をＯＮする波数
も１０波にとどまらず、２０波制御なら０波から２０波
まで変えることができる。The number of waves for turning on the heating element in the basic wave number is not limited to 10 waves, and can be changed from 0 wave to 20 waves by controlling 20 waves.

【０１９７】もちろん、定電力制御値は装置により可変
であり、本例の５００Ｗに限定されるものではない。Of course, the constant power control value is variable depending on the device and is not limited to 500 W in this example.

【０１９８】これらは次の（２）乃至（５）の例につい
ても同様である。The same applies to the following examples (2) to (5).

【０１９９】以上のように、昇温速度の計測時間を基本
波数の一周期に要する時間と等しくすることで、昇温速
度の計測が基本波数中のいかなる位置で開始されても正
確に昇温速度を検知できる。As described above, by making the temperature rising rate measurement time equal to the time required for one cycle of the fundamental wave number, the temperature rising rate can be accurately increased no matter where the measurement of the temperature raising rate is started. Can detect speed.

【０２００】（２）例 ２ 前記（１）の例においては、昇温速度の計測時間ｔ_base
を基本波数の一周期ｔ_w と同じ時間に設定したが、計測
時間ｔ_baseは基本波数周期ｔ_w の整数倍でもよい。すな
わち、 ｔ_base＝ｎｔ_w （ｎ＝１，２，３‥‥） でもよい。(2) Example 2 In the example of the above (1), the measurement time t _{base of the} heating rate is
Was set to the same time as one cycle t _w of the fundamental wave number, but the measurement time t _base may be an integral multiple of the fundamental wave number cycle t _w . That is, t _base = nt _w (n = 1, 2, 3, ...) May be used.

【０２０１】基本波数周期での上昇温度はどのタイミン
グからみても変わらないということ前に述べた通りであ
る。これは基本波数が何度繰り返し出力されても同じで
ある。従って、基本波数周期の整数倍単位の時間で上昇
温度を計測しても前記（１）の例と同様に、ばらつきな
く上昇温度を検知できる。すなわち正確な昇温速度を得
ることができる。As described above, the temperature rise in the fundamental wave number period does not change at any timing. This is the same regardless of how many times the fundamental wave number is output. Therefore, even if the temperature rise is measured for a unit of an integral multiple of the fundamental wave number period, the temperature rise can be detected without variation as in the case of the above example (1). That is, an accurate heating rate can be obtained.

【０２０２】例えば２０波制御の場合、等倍は２００ｍ
ｓｅｃ、２倍は４００ｍｓｅｃ、３倍は６００ｍｓｅｃ
‥‥となる。For example, in the case of 20-wave control, the equal magnification is 200 m
sec, 2 times 400 msec, 3 times 600 msec
It becomes ...

【０２０３】図２５はそれを示すものであり、整数倍で
あれば昇温直線はみな同じ傾きとなることがわかる。FIG. 25 shows this, and it can be seen that all the temperature rising straight lines have the same slope if they are integral multiples.

【０２０４】したがって、前記（１）の例で示したよう
に基本波数周期の等倍で検知速度のばらつきはゼロであ
るから、計測時間が基本波数周期の整数倍であれば同じ
ようにばらつきはゼロである。Therefore, as shown in the example of (1) above, the variation of the detection speed is zero at the same magnification of the fundamental wave number cycle, so that the variation is the same if the measurement time is an integral multiple of the fundamental wave number cycle. It is zero.

【０２０５】このように、２倍、３倍と計測時間を長く
とると、ＣＰＵ３２（図１）が計測する際のごく微小な
タイミングのずれなども計測時間内で吸収できるため、
等倍で計測するものと比べ、更に正確に昇温速度を検出
できる。As described above, if the measurement time is doubled or tripled, even a minute timing shift when the CPU 32 (FIG. 1) measures can be absorbed within the measurement time.
It is possible to detect the temperature rise rate more accurately than the case of measuring at the same magnification.

【０２０６】また、サーミスタ８の出力をＡ／Ｄ変換す
るＡ／Ｄコンバータ３１にｂｉｔ数の低いものを用いた
場合、ＣＰＵ３２が検出できる温度の分解能は低くな
り、完全に正確な温度を検知することはできなくなる
が、計測時間をより長く取ることでＡ／Ｄコンバータ３
１の分解能の低さを吸収することもできる。When an A / D converter 31 for A / D converting the output of the thermistor 8 having a low bit number is used, the temperature resolution that can be detected by the CPU 32 is low, and the temperature can be detected completely accurately. However, if the measurement time is taken longer, the A / D converter 3
It is also possible to absorb a low resolution of 1.

【０２０７】（３）例 ３ 前記（２）の例においては、昇温速度の計測時間を基本
波数周期の整数倍の ｔ_base＝ｎｔ_w （ｎ＝１，２，３‥‥） と規定したが、ｔ_baseはｔ_w の整数倍の近傍でも良い。(3) Example 3 In the example of (2) above, the measurement time of the heating rate is defined as t _base = nt _w (n = 1,2,3 ...) Which is an integral multiple of the fundamental wave number period. However, t _base may be in the vicinity of an integer multiple of t _w .

【０２０８】図２６は２種類の計測のタイミングについ
て、２つの温度上昇カーブを一つのグラフ上に示したも
のである。FIG. 26 shows two temperature rise curves on one graph for two types of measurement timings.

【０２０９】通常、時間をくぎって昇温速度の計測を行
なった場合、検出値のばらつき（検出可能最大値と検出
可能最小値の差）は計測時間が整数倍の位置Ｋで最小＝
ゼロになり、そこから時間を増すにつれ再び増えはじ
め、上昇カーブａの基本波数中でＯＮ／ＯＦＦが切り替
わる位置Ｊで最大となる。Normally, when the temperature increase rate is measured over a period of time, the variation in the detected value (difference between the maximum detectable value and the minimum detectable value) is minimum at the position K where the measurement time is an integral multiple.
It becomes zero and then increases again as the time increases, and becomes maximum at the position J where ON / OFF is switched in the fundamental wave number of the ascending curve a.

【０２１０】理想的には、前記（１）や（２）の例のよ
うに位置Ｋで計測を行なうのが最も正確であるが、位置
Ｋの近傍であっても、計測値のばらつきは実用上問題の
ない範囲内に収まる。Ideally, the measurement at the position K is the most accurate as in the cases of the above (1) and (2), but even in the vicinity of the position K, the dispersion of the measured values is practical. It fits within the range where there is no problem.

【０２１１】より具体的には、前記表１０の制御テーブ
ルの時、計測時間は基本波数周期の整数倍プラス基本波
数周期の１０％、マイナス基本波数周期の１０％の範囲
までとることが可能である。More specifically, in the case of the control table of Table 10, the measurement time can be set to the range of an integral multiple of the fundamental wave number period plus 10% of the fundamental wave number period and minus 10% of the fundamental wave number period. is there.

【０２１２】この場合、計測値のばらつきにより制御値
がテーブル上で一つ上下にシフトしてしまうことがある
が、実際には以前にも触れたＡ／Ｄコンバータ３１の性
能などにより、理想的な位置で計測を行なってもばらつ
きは起こる可能性があり、また、この場合のような一つ
程度のシフトは実用上は問題にはならない。In this case, the control value may be shifted up or down by one on the table due to the variation in the measured value. However, in reality, it is ideal because of the performance of the A / D converter 31 that has been touched before. Even if the measurement is performed at various positions, variations may occur, and the shift of about one degree in this case does not pose a problem in practice.

【０２１３】したがって、制御値がテーブル上で二つ以
上上下にずれないように計測時間、および制御テーブル
を決めてやり、かつその制御テーブルで実用上問題がな
いなら、計測時間は基本波数の整数倍でなくその近傍で
もよい。Therefore, if the measurement time and the control table are decided so that the control values do not shift up and down by two or more on the table, and there is no practical problem with the control table, the measurement time is an integer of the fundamental wave number. It may not be doubled and may be in the vicinity thereof.

【０２１４】（４）例 ４ 計測時間は、長ければ長いほど計測値のばらつきを吸収
できるということは以前に述べたが、これは計測時間が
基本波数周期の整数倍の時だけではなく、むしろ非整数
倍の時の方がその効果は大きい。(4) Example 4 It was described above that the longer the measurement time, the more the variation in the measurement value can be absorbed. However, this is not limited to the case where the measurement time is an integral multiple of the fundamental wave number period, but rather The effect is greater when it is a non-integer multiple.

【０２１５】よって、ある程度計測時間を長くとった時
には前記（３）の例の計測時間設定可能範囲（すなわ
ち、（３）の例と同じく制御値のシフトがテーブル上で
一つだけとなる範囲）はより広くとることができる。Therefore, when the measurement time is set to be long to some extent, the measurement time settable range of the above example (3) (that is, the range where only one control value shifts on the table as in the example of (3)). Can be wider.

【０２１６】図２７は図２６の２種類の計測のタイミン
グに前記表１０のテーブルを用いたとき許容範囲となる
計測時間の設定可能範囲を示したものである。図２７に
おいて、斜線部は設定不可能領域である。FIG. 27 shows the settable range of the measurement time which is the allowable range when the table of Table 10 is used for the two types of measurement timings of FIG. In FIG. 27, the shaded area is a non-settable area.

【０２１７】すなわち、平均昇温速度７０deg/sec の直
線Ｑに対し、図中の直線Ｏは６０deg/sec を示すもので
あり、図中でこの直線Ｏと２種類の加熱体温度上昇カー
ブの交点から時間軸に対して直角に引いた直線と、加熱
体温度上昇カーブに囲まれた部分は検出値のばらつきが
１０deg/sec 以上になる範囲であり、計測時間をこの範
囲に設定することは不適当である。That is, the straight line O in the figure shows 60 deg / sec with respect to the straight line Q having an average heating rate of 70 deg / sec, and the intersection of this straight line O and the two kinds of heating body temperature rise curves in the figure is shown. The area surrounded by the straight line drawn at right angles to the time axis and the heating element temperature rise curve is the range where the variation in the detected value is 10 deg / sec or more, and it is not possible to set the measurement time in this range. Appropriate.

【０２１８】したがって、この斜線部以外ならば、計測
時間はどのように設定されてもよい。すなわち、この範
囲で計測時間を設定すれば、平均昇温速度がテーブル上
で１レベルずれることが有っても２レベル以上ずれず制
御温度としても４ｄｅｇ以内のずれに制限することがで
きる。Therefore, the measurement time may be set in any manner other than the shaded area. That is, if the measurement time is set within this range, even if the average temperature rise rate may shift by one level on the table, it does not shift by two levels or more, and the control temperature can be limited to a shift of 4 deg or less.

【０２１９】また、図２８は計測時間による検出速度の
ばらつきについて示したものであるが、計測時間が長く
なるほど、ばらつき最大位置Ｊでの検知速度は平均昇温
速度ξに近付いていくことがわかる。計測時間を長くと
るほど設定可能範囲が広がるのはそのためである。Further, FIG. 28 shows the variation of the detection speed depending on the measurement time. As the measurement time becomes longer, the detection speed at the variation maximum position J approaches the average temperature increase rate ξ. .. This is why the settable range expands as the measurement time increases.

【０２２０】また、以上のことからの当然の帰結である
が、図２７において前記の交点がもうこれ以上存在しな
い計測時間以上ならば、計測時間ｔ_baseは基本波数周期
にこだわらずいかなる値をとってもよい。[0220] Further, although a natural consequence from the above, if the intersection of the no longer exists any more measurement time over 27, the measured time t _base is very any value without regard to the basic wave number cycle Good.

【０２２１】前記表１０のテーブルであれば図２７の位
置Ｐから上記の条件を満たすこととなる。上記のことか
らわかるように、本例では計測時間の設定可能範囲はテ
ーブルにより決まる。In the case of the table of Table 10, the above condition is satisfied from the position P of FIG. As can be seen from the above, in this example, the settable range of the measurement time is determined by the table.

【０２２２】すなわち、制御がある程度大雑把で良く、
テーブル切り替えの段階が少ない場合、計測時間は短く
てもよくなる。That is, the control may be roughly rough,
If the number of table switching steps is small, the measurement time may be short.

【０２２３】さらに具体的には、表１０のテーブルでは
検出値のばらつきを１０deg/sec までしか許さないが、
表１１のごときテーブルにおいては２０deg/sec のずれ
までが許容範囲となり設定可能範囲は広くなる。More specifically, in the table of Table 10, the variation of the detected values is allowed up to 10 deg / sec,
In the table as shown in Table 11, the deviation is up to 20 deg / sec and the settable range is wide.

【０２２４】また制御値のシフトに対して、温調温度到
達前、もしくは到達後であっても被加熱材の加熱装置導
入前に、制御値の補正機構を設ければ、前記計測時間の
設定可能範囲をより広くとることも可能である。If the control value correction mechanism is provided for the shift of the control value before the temperature control temperature is reached or before the temperature control temperature is reached, the measurement time can be set. It is also possible to take a wider range.

【０２２５】 （５）例 ５ 前記（１）乃至（４）の例においては、昇温速度の計測
のタイミングを単純に計測時間によって規定したが、計
測を行なう温度範囲によっても規定できる。この場合、
計測を行なう温度範囲での加熱体昇温時の通過所要短時
間が、計測値のばらつきが許容範囲内に収まる計測時間
以上となるように前記温度範囲を設定すれば良い。[0225] (5) Example 5 In the above examples (1) to (4), the timing for measuring the temperature rising rate is simply defined by the measurement time, but it may be defined by the temperature range in which the measurement is performed. in this case,
The temperature range may be set so that the short time required for passing the temperature of the heating body in the temperature range in which the measurement is performed is equal to or longer than the measurement time within which the variation in the measured value falls within the allowable range.

【０２２６】すなわち、最大昇温速度が大きい装置では
温度範囲は広くとり、最大昇温速度が小さい系では計測
温度範囲は狭くてもよい。That is, the temperature range may be wide in an apparatus having a large maximum temperature rising rate, and may be narrow in a system having a small maximum temperature rising rate.

【０２２７】この時、この温度範囲をＴ_base、そのＴ
_base間の通過所要時間をｔとすると、昇温速度ｖは ｖ＝ｄ（Ｔ_base）／ｄｔ で表せる。At this time, this temperature range is defined as T _{base
Assuming that the} time required for passing between bases is t, the heating rate v can be expressed by v = d (T _base ) / dt.

【０２２８】本例では前記（１）乃至（４）の例と全く
同様の基本構成を持つ加熱定着装置、および制御テーブ
ルを用い、計測温度範囲を１００°Ｃ〜１６０°Ｃとす
る。図２９は本例の計測のタイミングを示すものであ
る。In this example, the heat fixing device and the control table having the same basic structure as the examples (1) to (4) are used, and the measurement temperature range is set to 100 ° C to 160 ° C. FIG. 29 shows the measurement timing of this example.

【０２２９】加熱体に通電が開始され加熱体温度が上昇
すると、サーミスタ検知温度が１００°Ｃ〜１６０°Ｃ
の間で、その昇温速度が検知される。When the heating body is energized and the heating body temperature rises, the thermistor detection temperature becomes 100 ° C to 160 ° C.
In between, the temperature rising rate is detected.

【０２３０】より具体的には、サーミスタ検出温度が１
００°Ｃに達した時点から１６０°Ｃを検出するまでの
間の時間が計測される。More specifically, the thermistor detection temperature is 1
The time from when the temperature reaches 00 ° C to when 160 ° C is detected is measured.

【０２３１】なお、ここでの条件は前記（４）の例と同
じであるが計測のタイミングを計測時間で規定する場合
と違い、温度範囲で規定する場合は計測のための必要最
小時間は僅かに長くなる。図３０はそれを示したものあ
る。The conditions here are the same as those in the above example (4), but unlike the case where the measurement timing is defined by the measurement time, the minimum required time for the measurement is small when the measurement timing is defined by the temperature range. Become longer. FIG. 30 shows this.

【０２３２】図３０に示す通り温度範囲で計測のタイミ
ングを規定した場合、計測時間は、最後に計測開始温度
を検知した時より、最初に計測終了温度を検知するまで
の時間により決まる。この時、基本波数中での加熱体Ｏ
ＦＦ時が計測終了ポイントとなることがないのは明白で
ある。When the measurement timing is defined in the temperature range as shown in FIG. 30, the measurement time is determined by the time from the last detection of the measurement start temperature to the first detection of the measurement end temperature. At this time, the heating element O in the fundamental wave number
It is obvious that the measurement end point is never reached at FF.

【０２３３】したがって前記（４）の例では、必要最小
時間は加熱体ＯＦＦ時を認め、７１６ｍｓｅｃであった
が、本例のように温度範囲で計測を行なう場合には、２
０波制御で１０波−ＯＮ、１０波−ＯＦＦにて７１６ｍ
ｓｅｃを超える基本波数周期の整数倍である８００ｍｓ
ｅｃが必要最小時間となる。Therefore, in the above example (4), the minimum required time was 716 msec when the heating element was OFF, but when measuring in the temperature range as in this example, 2
0 wave control, 10 wave-ON, 10 wave-OFF, 716m
800 ms, which is an integral multiple of the fundamental wave number period exceeding sec
ec is the minimum required time.

【０２３４】本例では、１００°Ｃ〜１６０°Ｃ間での
通過所要時間は８３０ｍｓｅｃとなり、基本波数は４個
入ることになる。すなわち、この通過所要時間は計測時
間の必要最小時間８００ｍｓｅｃを上回り、計測値のば
らつきは許容範囲内に収まることになる。In this example, the required transit time between 100 ° C. and 160 ° C. is 830 msec, and four basic wave numbers are included. That is, the required transit time exceeds the minimum required measurement time of 800 msec, and the variation in the measured values falls within the allowable range.

【０２３５】以上、いかなる時も必要最小限の計測時間
が得られるように計測温度範囲を設定することでも、ば
らつきを許容範囲内に抑えることができた。As described above, the variation can be suppressed within the allowable range by setting the measurement temperature range so that the minimum necessary measurement time can be obtained at any time.

【０２３６】以上の（１）乃至（５）の例のように、波
数制御により制御された電力量で加熱体を所定温度に立
ち上げる際に、その昇温速度を検知し、その速度に応じ
てその後の各種制御値を決定する加熱装置において、昇
温速度の検出時間を、少なくとも波数制御をの基本波数
の一周期に要する時間に等しく設定することで、速度の
検出の際の誤差を減らし、立ち上がり後の制御をより正
確に行なうことができるようになった。As in the above examples (1) to (5), when the heating element is raised to a predetermined temperature with the amount of electric power controlled by the wave number control, the rate of temperature increase is detected, and the rate of temperature increase is detected. In the heating device that determines various control values after that, the error in speed detection is reduced by setting the temperature rise speed detection time at least equal to the time required for one cycle of the fundamental wave number of wave number control. , It became possible to perform the control after the start up more accurately.

【０２３７】[0237]

【発明の効果】以上のように本発明によれば、フィルム
加熱方式の加熱装置について、小サイズの被加熱材の連
続通紙時における加熱体の非通紙領域の過昇温現象をお
さえることができ、また加熱体の温度変更に対しての制
御の誤検知をなくしてどのようなモードで装置を使用し
てもフィルムの温度を一定にでき、加熱装置が画像加熱
定着装置であるときの、定着不良や高温オフセットを防
止して良好な画像定着性を確保できる。As described above, according to the present invention, in the film heating type heating device, it is possible to suppress the excessive temperature rise phenomenon in the non-sheet passing area of the heating body during continuous sheet feeding of the small-sized material to be heated. When the heating device is an image heating and fixing device, the film temperature can be kept constant regardless of the mode in which the device is used without erroneous control detection for changes in the temperature of the heating element. In addition, it is possible to prevent improper fixing and high-temperature offset to ensure good image fixability.

【０２３８】また波数制御により制御された電力量で加
熱体を所定温度に立ち上げる際に、その昇温速度を検知
し、その速度の検出の際の誤差を減らし、たち上り後の
制御をより正確に行うことができる。Further, when the heating element is raised to a predetermined temperature with the electric power controlled by the wave number control, its heating rate is detected, an error in detecting the speed is reduced, and the control after rising is further improved. Can be done accurately.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of drawings]

【図１】 実施例１の加熱装置（画像加熱定着装置）の
加熱体の途中省略・一部切欠き平面模型図と、通電制御
系のブロック図FIG. 1 is a plan view of a heating device (image heating and fixing device) of Example 1 in which a heating member is partially omitted and partially cut away, and a block diagram of an energization control system.

【図２】 加熱体への通電方式の模式グラフFIG. 2 is a schematic graph of a method of energizing a heating element.

【図３】 従来制御方式による通紙時の、加熱体の通紙
部と非通紙部の温度変化グラフFIG. 3 is a temperature change graph of a paper-passing portion and a non-paper-passing portion of a heating body during paper feeding according to a conventional control method.

【図４】 本発明に従う制御方式による、通紙時の加熱
体の通紙部と非通紙部の温度変化グラフFIG. 4 is a temperature change graph of a sheet passing portion and a sheet non-passing portion of a heating body when passing a sheet by a control method according to the present invention.

【図５】 実施例２の加熱装置の加熱体制御アルゴリズ
ムFIG. 5 is a heating body control algorithm of the heating apparatus according to the second embodiment.

【図６】 従来制御方式の誤検知を示した加熱体温度変
化グラフFIG. 6 is a heating body temperature change graph showing erroneous detection in the conventional control method.

【図７】 本発明に従う制御方式のときの加熱体温度変
化グラフFIG. 7 is a graph of heating body temperature change in the control method according to the present invention.

【図８】 加熱体とフィルムの温度変化を通紙枚数毎に
示したグラフFIG. 8 is a graph showing the temperature changes of the heating element and the film for each number of passed sheets.

【図９】 加熱体制御アルゴリズムFIG. 9 Heater control algorithm

【図１０】 加熱体制御アルゴリズムFIG. 10: Heated body control algorithm

【図１１】 従来制御方式の誤検知を示した加熱体温度
変化グラフFIG. 11 is a heating body temperature change graph showing erroneous detection in the conventional control method.

【図１２】 本発明に従う制御方式のときの加熱体温度
変化グラフFIG. 12 is a graph showing a temperature change of a heating body in the control system according to the present invention.

【図１３】 加熱体制御アルゴリズムFIG. 13 Heater control algorithm

【図１４】 加熱体温度変化グラフFIG. 14: Temperature change graph of heating element

【図１５】 実施例３の加熱装置の加熱体制御フローチ
ャートFIG. 15 is a heating body control flowchart of the heating device according to the third embodiment.

【図１６】 加熱体温度変化図FIG. 16: Heating body temperature change diagram

【図１７】 加熱体とフィルムの温度変化図FIG. 17: Temperature change diagram of heating element and film

【図１８】 加熱体温度変化図FIG. 18: Heating body temperature change diagram

【図１９】 実施例４の加熱装置の加熱体・フィルム・
加圧ローラの温度変化図FIG. 19 is a diagram showing a heating body, a film
Temperature change diagram of pressure roller

【図２０】 加熱体制御アルゴリズムFIG. 20: Heated body control algorithm

【図２１】 紙間リップルを示す図FIG. 21 is a diagram showing a paper-to-paper ripple.

【図２２】 紙間リップルを示す図FIG. 22 is a diagram showing a paper-to-paper ripple.

【図２３】 実施例５の加熱装置の波数制御時の加熱体
温度変化図FIG. 23 is a diagram showing a temperature change of a heating body at the time of controlling the wave number of the heating apparatus of the fifth embodiment.

【図２４】 検知タイミングを説明する図FIG. 24 is a diagram illustrating detection timing.

【図２５】 基本波数毎の昇温速度を示す図FIG. 25 is a diagram showing a heating rate for each fundamental wave number.

【図２６】 基本波数内の測定誤差を示す図FIG. 26 is a diagram showing a measurement error within the fundamental wave number.

【図２７】 検知不可能時間を示すグラフFIG. 27 is a graph showing undetectable time.

【図２８】 測定誤差が時間と共に減少することを示す
図FIG. 28 is a diagram showing that the measurement error decreases with time.

【図２９】 昇温速度の測定を説明する図FIG. 29 is a diagram for explaining measurement of a heating rate.

【図３０】 昇温速度の測定を説明する図FIG. 30 is a diagram for explaining measurement of a heating rate.

【図３１】 フィルム加熱方式の加熱装置の一例（画像
加熱定着装置）の概略構成図FIG. 31 is a schematic configuration diagram of an example of a film heating type heating device (image heating and fixing device).

【図３２】 加熱体の途中省略・一部切欠き平面模型図FIG. 32 is a plan view of a heating body with a partly cutaway and partially omitted

【図３３】 フィルム加熱方式の加熱装置の他の例の概
略構成図FIG. 33 is a schematic configuration diagram of another example of a film heating type heating device.

【図３４】 プリント時の加熱体温度・フィルム温度・
加圧ローラ表面温度の時間変化（通紙枚数毎）を示す模
式図[Fig.34] Heater temperature / film temperature during printing
Schematic diagram showing the time variation of the surface temperature of the pressure roller (for each number of sheets passed)

【図３５】 誤検知した時の温調温度変化グラフFIG. 35 is a temperature change temperature change graph when erroneous detection is performed.

【図３６】 誤検知した時の温調温度変化グラフFIG. 36 is a temperature change temperature change graph at the time of false detection.

【図３７】 加熱体の温度変化図FIG. 37 is a temperature change diagram of the heating element

【図３８】 加熱体の温度変化図FIG. 38 is a temperature change diagram of the heating element.

【符号の説明】[Explanation of symbols]

１ 耐熱性フィルム ２ 加熱体 ３ ヒータ基板 ４ 通電発熱体 ５・６ 給電電極 ７ 表面保護層 ８ 温度検知部材（サーミスタ） ９ 温度ヒューズ １０ 加圧ローラ １１ 駆動ローラ １２ 従動ローラ Ｔ トナー画像 Ｐ 記録材 ２０・３１〜３３ 通電制御系 1 Heat Resistant Film 2 Heater 3 Heater Substrate 4 Electric Heater 5/6 Power Supply Electrode 7 Surface Protective Layer 8 Temperature Detection Member (Thermistor) 9 Temperature Fuse 10 Pressure Roller 11 Drive Roller 12 Driven Roller T Toner Image P Recording Material 20・ 31-33 energization control system

───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 善本 敏生 東京都大田区下丸子３丁目30番２号 キヤ ノン株式会社内 (72)発明者 鈴木 英信 東京都大田区下丸子３丁目30番２号 キヤ ノン株式会社内 (72)発明者 南部 朋子 東京都大田区下丸子３丁目30番２号 キヤ ノン株式会社内 (72)発明者 福沢 大三 東京都大田区下丸子３丁目30番２号 キヤ ノン株式会社内 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Toshio Yoshimoto 3-30-2 Shimomaruko, Ota-ku, Tokyo Canon Inc. (72) Innovator Hidenobu Suzuki 3-30-2 Shimomaruko, Ota-ku, Tokyo Canon Incorporated (72) Inventor Tomoko Nanbu 3-30-2 Shimomaruko, Ota-ku, Tokyo Canon Inc. (72) Inventor Daizo Fukuzawa 3-30-2 Shimomaruko, Ota-ku, Tokyo Canon Inc.

Claims (22)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 【請求項１】 加熱体に耐熱性フィルムを接触摺動さ
せ、該フィルムの加熱体とは反対側の面に被加熱材を密
着させて該フィルムと共に加熱***置を通過させて加熱
体から該フィルムを介して被加熱材に熱エネルギーを付
与する加熱装置において、 加熱***置に被加熱材が存在しない場合、加熱体の発熱
を停止あるいは減少させる時間を設け、この時間が可変
であることを特徴とする加熱装置。1. A heat-resistant film is brought into contact with and slid on a heating body, and a material to be heated is brought into close contact with the surface of the film opposite to the heating body, and the film is passed through the heating body position together with the film to remove the heat from the heating body. In a heating device that applies heat energy to a material to be heated through a film, if there is no material to be heated at the position of the heating body, a time to stop or reduce heat generation of the heating body is provided. Characteristic heating device. 【請求項２】 被加熱材が連続して搬送される場合の被
加熱材と被加熱材の間において加熱体の発熱を停止ある
いは減少させる時間が可変であることを特徴とする請求
項１に記載の加熱装置。2. The time for stopping or reducing the heat generation of the heating body between the materials to be heated when the materials to be heated are continuously conveyed is variable. The heating device described. 【請求項３】 加熱体の発熱を停止あるいは減少させる
時間を決定する手段として被加熱材の所定の連続搬送枚
数に応じて上記加熱体の発熱を停止あるいは減少させる
時間をそれぞれ設けたことを特徴とする請求項２に記載
の加熱装置。3. The time for stopping or reducing the heat generation of the heating body is provided as means for determining the time for stopping or reducing the heat generation of the heating body, in accordance with a predetermined number of continuously conveyed materials to be heated. The heating device according to claim 2. 【請求項４】 加熱体の発熱を停止あるいは減少させる
時間を決定する手段として、上記加熱体の発熱を停止あ
るいは減少させたときの温度下降速度に応じて加熱体の
発熱を停止あるいは減少させる時間をそれぞれ設けたこ
とを特徴とする請求項１又は同２に記載の加熱装置。4. The time for stopping or reducing the heat generation of the heating body as a means for determining the time for stopping or reducing the heat generation of the heating body according to the temperature descending speed when the heat generation of the heating body is stopped or reduced. 3. The heating device according to claim 1, wherein the heating device is provided respectively. 【請求項５】 加熱体の発熱を停止あるいは減少させる
時間を決定する手段として、加熱体を所定の温度に維持
するための電力を検知する手段と、少なくとも１つの基
準電力を設け、この基準電力よりも検知電力が高い場合
と低い場合で加熱体の発熱を停止あるいは減少させる時
間をそれぞれ設けたことを特徴とする請求項１又は同２
に記載の加熱装置。5. A means for detecting electric power for maintaining the heating body at a predetermined temperature and at least one reference electric power are provided as means for determining the time for stopping or reducing the heat generation of the heating body, and the reference electric power is provided. 3. The time for stopping or reducing the heat generation of the heating body is provided when the detected power is higher or lower than that of the detected power, respectively.
The heating device according to. 【請求項６】 加熱体の発熱を停止あるいは減少させる
時間を決定する手段として、搬送する被加熱材のサイズ
を検知する手段を設け、被加熱材サイズに応じて加熱体
の発熱を停止あるいは減少させる時間をそれぞれ設けた
ことを特徴とする請求項１に記載の加熱装置。6. A means for detecting the size of the material to be heated to be conveyed is provided as means for determining the time for stopping or reducing the heat generation of the heating element, and stopping or reducing the heat generation of the heating element according to the size of the material to be heated. The heating device according to claim 1, wherein each heating time is set. 【請求項７】 加熱体の発熱を停止あるいは減少させる
時間を決定する手段として、加熱***置に被加熱体が存
在しない場合に加熱体の発熱量を一時的に増加させ、そ
の間の加熱体の温度上昇量に基づいてその後の発熱停止
あるいは減少させる時間を決めるようにしたことを特徴
とする請求項１に記載の加熱装置。7. As a means for determining the time to stop or reduce the heat generation of the heating body, the calorific value of the heating body is temporarily increased when there is no heated body at the position of the heating body, and the heating body The heating device according to claim 1, wherein the time for stopping or reducing the subsequent heat generation is determined based on the amount of temperature increase. 【請求項８】 加熱体の発熱を停止あるいは減少させる
時間を決定する手段として、加熱体の発熱を停止あるい
は減少させた後に再度加熱する際の温度上昇速度に応じ
てその次の被加熱体間の加熱体の発熱停止あるいは減少
させる時間を決めるようにしたことを特徴とする請求項
１に記載の加熱装置。8. As a means for determining the time for stopping or reducing the heat generation of the heating body, between the next objects to be heated according to the rate of temperature rise when heating again after stopping or reducing the heat generation of the heating body. 2. The heating device according to claim 1, wherein the time for stopping or reducing the heat generation of the heating element is determined. 【請求項９】 加熱装置が、未定着画像を担持させた記
録材を加熱して像定着する画像加熱定着装置であること
を特徴とする請求項１乃至同８の何れかに記載の加熱装
置。9. The heating device according to claim 1, wherein the heating device is an image heating and fixing device that heats and fixes an image on a recording material carrying an unfixed image. . 【請求項１０】 加熱体に耐熱性フィルムを接触摺動さ
せ、該フィルムの加熱体とは反対側の面に被加熱材を密
着させて該フィルムと共に加熱***置を通過させて加熱
体から該フィルムを介して被加熱材に熱エネルギーを付
与する加熱装置において、加熱体の温度検知手段と、該
温度検知手段の検知温度が一定の温度に維持されるよう
加熱体へ通電する手段を持ち、 上記被加熱材が加熱***置に存在しないときに上記加熱
体への通電を止め、そのときの加熱体の温度変化に応じ
て加熱体の制御温度を変更する加熱体温度制御手段を有
し、 上記加熱体の通電時間を止めている時間の方を、そのと
きの加熱体の温度変化を検知している時間以上とするこ
とを特徴とする加熱装置。10. A heat resistant film is brought into contact with and slid on the heating body, a material to be heated is brought into close contact with the surface of the film opposite to the heating body, and the film is passed through the heating body position together with the film to remove the heat from the heating body. In a heating device for applying heat energy to a material to be heated through a film, it has a temperature detecting means for the heating body and means for energizing the heating body so that the temperature detected by the temperature detecting means is maintained at a constant temperature, When the material to be heated does not exist at the position of the heating body, the power supply to the heating body is stopped, and there is a heating body temperature control means for changing the control temperature of the heating body according to the temperature change of the heating body at that time, A heating device, wherein the time during which the energization time of the heating body is stopped is set to be longer than the time during which a temperature change of the heating body is detected. 【請求項１１】 加熱体に耐熱性フィルムを接触摺動さ
せ、該フィルムの加熱体とは反対側の面に被加熱材を密
着させて該フィルムと共に加熱***置を通過させて加熱
体から該フィルムを介して被加熱材に熱エネルギーを付
与する加熱装置において、 加熱体の温度検知手段と、該温度検知手段の検知温度が
一定の温度に維持されるよう加熱体へ通電する手段を持
ち、上記被加熱材が加熱***置に存在しないときに上記
加熱体へ一定電力を供給し、そのときの加熱体の温度変
化に応じて加熱体の制御温度を変更する加熱体温度制御
手段を有し、上記加熱体へ一定電力を供給している時間
の方をそのときの加熱体の温度変化を検知している時間
以上とすることを特徴とする加熱装置。11. A heat resistant film is brought into contact with and slid on the heating body, a material to be heated is brought into close contact with the surface of the film opposite to the heating body, and the film is passed through the heating body position together with the film to remove the heat from the heating body. In a heating device for applying heat energy to a material to be heated through a film, it has a temperature detecting means for the heating body and means for energizing the heating body so that the temperature detected by the temperature detecting means is maintained at a constant temperature, It has a heating body temperature control means for supplying constant power to the heating body when the material to be heated does not exist at the position of the heating body, and changing the control temperature of the heating body according to the temperature change of the heating body at that time. The heating device is characterized in that the time during which constant power is supplied to the heating body is longer than the time during which the temperature change of the heating body is detected at that time. 【請求項１２】 加熱装置が、未定着画像を担持させた
記録材を加熱して像定着する画像加熱定着装置であるこ
とを特徴とする請求項１０又は同１１に記載の加熱装
置。12. The heating device according to claim 10 or 11, wherein the heating device is an image heating and fixing device that heats and fixes an image on a recording material carrying an unfixed image. 【請求項１３】 加熱体に耐熱性フィルムを接触摺動さ
せ、該フィルムの加熱体とは反対側の面に被加熱材を密
着させて該フィルムと共に加熱***置を通過させて加熱
体から該フィルムを介して被加熱材に熱エネルギーを付
与する加熱装置において、 加熱体の温度検知手段と、該温度検知手段の検知温度が
一定の温度Ｔ₁ に維持されるよう加熱体へ通電する手段
を持ち、上記被加熱材が加熱***置に存在しないときに
前記温度Ｔ₁ より低い温度Ｔ´に加熱体を制御すると共
に、温度Ｔ₁ から温度Ｔ´へ制御を切り換えたときから
所定の時間内に温度Ｔ´に達した場合に次の被加熱体に
対する加熱体の制御温度はＴ₁ とし、所定の時間内に達
しない場合には次の被加熱体に対する加熱体の制御温度
を温度Ｔ₁ より低い温度Ｔ₂ とすることを特徴とする加
熱装置。13. A heat resistant film is brought into contact with and slid on the heating body, a material to be heated is brought into close contact with the surface of the film opposite to the heating body, and the film is passed through the heating body position together with the film to remove the heat from the heating body. In a heating device for applying heat energy to a material to be heated through a film, a temperature detecting means for the heating body and a means for energizing the heating body so that the temperature detected by the temperature detecting means is maintained at a constant temperature T _1. have the above together with the heating material to control the heating body to the temperature T ₁ of lower temperatures T'when not in the heating body position, within a predetermined time from the time of switching the control from the temperature T ₁ of the temperature T' follows when reaching a temperature T'control temperature of the heating element with respect to the heating member is set to T _1, the temperature T ₁ of the control temperature of the heating member for the next object to be heated when not reached within a predetermined time characterized by a lower temperature T ₂ Heat equipment. 【請求項１４】 加熱体に耐熱性フィルムを接触摺動さ
せ、該フィルムの加熱体とは反対側の面に被加熱材を密
着させて該フィルムと共に加熱***置を通過させて加熱
体から該フィルムを介して被加熱材に熱エネルギーを付
与する加熱装置において、 加熱体の温度検知手段と、該温度検知手段の検知温度が
一定の温度Ｔ₁ に維持されるよう加熱体へ通電する手段
を持ち、上記被加熱材が加熱***置に存在しないときに
前記温度Ｔ₁ より低い温度Ｔ´に加熱体を制御すると共
に制御温度Ｔ´に達したときから予め定められた必ず制
御温度に達しているときまでの時間ｔを計測し、該時間
ｔが所定の時間より長い場合に次の被加熱材に対する加
熱体の制御温度を温度Ｔ₁ より低い温度Ｔ₂ とし、時間
ｔが所定の時間以下の場合には次の被加熱材に対する加
熱体の制御温度をＴ₁ に制御することを特徴とする加熱
装置。14. A heat resistant film is brought into contact with and slid on the heating body, a material to be heated is brought into close contact with the surface of the film opposite to the heating body, and the film is passed together with the film through the position of the heating body to remove the heat from the heating body. In a heating device for applying heat energy to a material to be heated through a film, a temperature detecting means for the heating body and a means for energizing the heating body so that the temperature detected by the temperature detecting means is maintained at a constant temperature T _1. In addition, when the material to be heated is not present at the position of the heating body, the heating body is controlled to a temperature T ′ lower than the temperature T ₁ and the control temperature T ′ is reached from when the control temperature T ′ is reached. The time t until the time t is measured, and when the time t is longer than a predetermined time, the control temperature of the heating body for the next material to be heated is set to a temperature T ₂ lower than the temperature T ₁ , and the time t is a predetermined time or less. In case of Heating device and controls the control temperature of the heating body T _1. 【請求項１５】 加熱装置が、未定着画像を担持させた
記録材を加熱して像定着する画像加熱定着装置であるこ
とを特徴とする請求項１３又は同１４に記載の加熱装
置。15. The heating device according to claim 13 or 14, wherein the heating device is an image heating and fixing device that heats and fixes an image on a recording material carrying an unfixed image. 【請求項１６】 加熱体に耐熱性フィルムを接触摺動さ
せ、該フィルムの加熱体とは反対側の面に被加熱材を密
着させて該フィルムと共に加熱***置を通過させて加熱
体から該フィルムを介して被加熱材に熱エネルギーを付
与する加熱装置において、 被加熱体が加熱装置の加熱領域を通過していないときに
加熱体への電力供給をＨｉｇｈとＬｏｗの２値で制御
し、このときの加熱体の温度リップルを基に次に加熱領
域に入る被加熱材に対する加熱体の制御温度を決定する
ことを特徴とする加熱装置。16. A heat resistant film is brought into contact with and slid on the heating body, a material to be heated is brought into close contact with the surface of the film opposite to the heating body, and the film is passed through the heating body position together with the film to remove the heat from the heating body. In a heating device that applies heat energy to a material to be heated through a film, when the object to be heated does not pass through the heating region of the heating device, power supply to the heating object is controlled by two values of High and Low, A heating device which determines a control temperature of the heating body for a material to be heated next entering a heating region based on a temperature ripple of the heating body at this time. 【請求項１７】 加熱体に耐熱性フィルムを接触摺動さ
せ、該フィルムの加熱体とは反対側の面に被加熱材を密
着させて該フィルムと共に加熱***置を通過させて加熱
体から該フィルムを介して被加熱材に熱エネルギーを付
与する加熱装置において、 被加熱体が加熱装置の加熱領域を通過していないときに
加熱体への電力供給をＨｉｇｈとＬｏｗの２値で制御
し、このＨｉｇｈ時又はＬｏｗ時の温度変化率を基に次
に加熱領域に入る被加熱材に対する加熱体の制御温度を
決定することを特徴とする加熱装置。17. A heat-resistant film is brought into contact with and slid on the heating body, a material to be heated is brought into close contact with the surface of the film opposite to the heating body, and the film is passed through the heating body position together with the film to remove the heat from the heating body. In a heating device that applies heat energy to a material to be heated through a film, when the object to be heated does not pass through a heating region of the heating device, power supply to the heating object is controlled by two values of High and Low, A heating device which determines a control temperature of a heating body with respect to a material to be heated which enters a heating region next based on the temperature change rate at the time of High or Low. 【請求項１８】 加熱体に耐熱性フィルムを接触摺動さ
せ、該フィルムの加熱体とは反対側の面に被加熱材を密
着させて該フィルムと共に加熱***置を通過させて加熱
体から該フィルムを介して被加熱材に熱エネルギーを付
与する加熱装置において、 被加熱体が加熱装置の加熱領域を通過していないときに
加熱体への電力供給をＨｉｇｈとＬｏｗの２値で制御
し、この時の加熱体の温度リップルのピークまたはボト
ムを基に次に加熱領域に入る被加熱材に対する加熱体の
制御温度を決定することを特徴とする加熱装置。18. A heat resistant film is brought into contact with and slid on the heating body, a material to be heated is brought into close contact with the surface of the film opposite to the heating body, and the film is passed through the heating body position together with the film to remove the heat from the heating body. In a heating device that applies heat energy to a material to be heated through a film, when the object to be heated does not pass through the heating region of the heating device, power supply to the heating object is controlled by two values of High and Low, A heating device characterized in that the control temperature of the heating element for the material to be heated next entering the heating region is determined based on the peak or bottom of the temperature ripple of the heating element at this time. 【請求項１９】加熱装置が、未定着画像を担持させた記
録材を加熱して像定着する画像加熱定着装置であること
を特徴とする請求項１６又は同１８に記載の加熱装置。19. The heating device according to claim 16 or 18, wherein the heating device is an image heating and fixing device for heating and fixing an image on a recording material carrying an unfixed image. 【請求項２０】加熱体と、該加熱体の温度を検知する温
度検知部材を有し、温度検知部材の検知温度が所定温度
に一定に維持されるように加熱体へ通電する加熱装置に
おいて、 前記加熱体への通電開始から上記所定温度に達する迄の
間に検知された昇温速度に基づきその後の各種制御値を
決定し、 前記加熱体に供給される電力量は単位時間内の加熱体へ
の通電・非通電の比率により制御され、その比率を可変
とする手段を有し、 前記昇温速度の検出時間は前記加熱体への電力制御の単
位時間以上にしたことを特徴とする加熱装置。20. A heating device having a heating body and a temperature detecting member for detecting the temperature of the heating body, and energizing the heating body so that the temperature detected by the temperature detecting member is kept constant at a predetermined temperature, The various control values thereafter are determined based on the temperature rising rate detected from the start of energization of the heating element until the temperature reaches the predetermined temperature, and the amount of electric power supplied to the heating element is within a unit time. The heating is characterized by having a means for controlling the ratio of energization / de-energization to the device and varying the ratio, and the detection time of the heating rate is set to a unit time of power control to the heating body or more. apparatus. 【請求項２１】 昇温速度の検出時間が前記加熱体への
電力制御の単位時間の整数倍であることを特徴とする請
求項２０に記載の加熱装置。21. The heating device according to claim 20, wherein the detection time of the heating rate is an integral multiple of a unit time of electric power control to the heating body. 【請求項２２】 顕画像を支持した記録材と共に移動す
るフィルムを有し、顕画像はフィルムを介して加熱体か
らの熱で加熱されることを特徴とする請求項２０又は同
２１に記載の加熱装置。22. The film according to claim 20, further comprising a film that moves together with a recording material supporting the visible image, and the visible image is heated by heat from a heating body through the film. Heating device.