JPH05285676A - Production of exhaust valve for internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Production of exhaust valve for internal combustion engine

Info

Publication number
JPH05285676A
JPH05285676A JP9550992A JP9550992A JPH05285676A JP H05285676 A JPH05285676 A JP H05285676A JP 9550992 A JP9550992 A JP 9550992A JP 9550992 A JP9550992 A JP 9550992A JP H05285676 A JPH05285676 A JP H05285676A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
ring
undercut
weight
exhaust valve
valve body
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
JP9550992A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Ichiro Tanaka
一郎 田中
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mitsubishi Motors Corp
Original Assignee
Mitsubishi Motors Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mitsubishi Motors Corp filed Critical Mitsubishi Motors Corp
Priority to JP9550992A priority Critical patent/JPH05285676A/en
Publication of JPH05285676A publication Critical patent/JPH05285676A/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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  • Forging (AREA)
  • Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)

Abstract

PURPOSE:To produce the exhaust valve without deteriorating the characteristics of a material used for forming a sheet surface. CONSTITUTION:The entire circumference of the sheet surface of a valve body 1 is subjected to under cutting and a ring 4 of a material which is higher in heat resistance and corrosion resistance than the constituting material of a valve main body 1 is joined to the undercut part 1. The undercut part and the ring are then subjected to a molding treatment simultaneously with hot forging, by which the ring 4 and the undercut part 1a are welded or diffusion joined.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】Detailed Description of the Invention

【0001】[0001]

【産業上の利用分野】本発明は自動車用エンジン等の内
燃エンジン排気バルブの製造方法に関し、更に詳しく
は、耐食性や耐摩耗性の点で設計目標値を下まわること
なく排気バルブを製造する方法に関する。
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing an internal combustion engine exhaust valve for an automobile engine or the like, and more specifically, a method for manufacturing an exhaust valve without lowering a design target value in terms of corrosion resistance and wear resistance. Regarding

【0002】[0002]

【従来の技術】自動車等の内燃エンジンに組付けられる
排気バルブは、耐熱性と耐食性に優れていることが必要
とされるが、更には、排気バルブのシート面はバルブシ
ートと激しく反復接触することからして、そのシート面
では、上記耐熱性や耐食性とともに耐摩耗性に優れてい
るという性質が必要とされる。
2. Description of the Related Art Exhaust valves installed in an internal combustion engine of an automobile or the like are required to have excellent heat resistance and corrosion resistance. Furthermore, the seat surface of the exhaust valve makes repeated repeated contact with the valve seat. Therefore, the sheet surface is required to have the property of being excellent in wear resistance as well as the above-mentioned heat resistance and corrosion resistance.

【0003】このようなことから、従来は、次のように
してシート面を形成して排気バルブが製造されている。
すなわち、まず、図5で示したように、耐熱鋼で製造し
たバルブ本体1のシート面に相当する表面の全周を所望
量切削してアンダーカット加工部1aを形成する。この
場合、バルブ本体1の耐熱鋼としては、例えば、Feが
60〜70重量%、C,Mn,Ni,Cr,Cu,S
i,P,Sなどが全体で20〜30重量%含まれている
鋼種が広く用いられている。
For this reason, conventionally, the exhaust valve is manufactured by forming the seat surface as follows.
That is, first, as shown in FIG. 5, the undercut processed portion 1a is formed by cutting a desired amount of the entire circumference of the surface corresponding to the seat surface of the valve body 1 made of heat resistant steel. In this case, as the heat resistant steel of the valve body 1, for example, Fe is 60 to 70% by weight, C, Mn, Ni, Cr, Cu, S.
Steel types containing 20 to 30% by weight of i, P, S and the like are widely used.

【0004】ついで、図6で示したように、このアンダ
ーカット加工部1aに対し、TIG溶接法によって、例
えば、Cr:20〜30重量%,Fe:3〜5重量%,
W:4〜5重量%,残部Coから成り、耐食性,耐熱
性,耐摩耗性が優れているCo基合金(ステライト系合
金)の溶加棒を用いて肉盛溶接を行ない、ここにステラ
イトの肉盛部2を形成する。
Then, as shown in FIG. 6, with respect to the undercut processed portion 1a, by TIG welding, for example, Cr: 20 to 30% by weight, Fe: 3 to 5% by weight,
W: 4 to 5% by weight, balance Co, with excellent corrosion resistance, heat resistance, and wear resistance Co-based alloy (stellite alloy) filler rod was used for overlay welding, where The overlay portion 2 is formed.

【0005】その後、図7で示したように、肉盛部2の
上から型3によって熱間鍛造を行ない、肉盛部2の盛上
がり部を除去すると同時に肉盛部2内に発生している巣
などを圧壊して緻密化する。最後に、上記熱間鍛造時に
はみ出た肉盛部などを研削して仕上げ加工を行ない、所
定形状のシート面にする(図8)。
After that, as shown in FIG. 7, hot forging is performed from above the overlay portion 2 by means of a die 3 to remove the overhang portion of the overlay portion 2 and at the same time to generate in the overlay portion 2. Nests are crushed and densified. Finally, the build-up portion and the like protruding during the hot forging are ground and finish-processed to form a sheet surface having a predetermined shape (FIG. 8).

【0006】[0006]

【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかしながら、上記の
方法には次のような問題がある。まず、アンダーカット
加工部へのステライト系合金のTIG溶接の過程で、ス
テライト系合金中のCo成分のバルブ本体への固溶が激
しく進むので、形成された肉盛部におけるCo成分が希
釈される。また同時に、バルブ本体のFe成分が肉盛部
に固溶して肉盛部におけるFe濃度が高くなり、設計目
標の組成が得られなくなる。
However, the above method has the following problems. First, in the process of TIG welding of the stellite alloy to the undercut processed portion, the solid solution of the Co component in the stellite alloy to the valve body progresses rapidly, so that the Co component in the formed buildup portion is diluted. . At the same time, the Fe component of the valve body is solid-dissolved in the build-up portion to increase the Fe concentration in the build-up portion, and the design target composition cannot be obtained.

【0007】例えば、バルブ本体として、Fe:約80
重量%、他の成分の総量:約20重量%の耐熱鋼に対
し、TIG溶接で、Co:約60重量%、Fe:約3重
量%、他の成分の総量:約37重量%のステライト棒を
用いて肉盛り溶接を行うと、形成された肉盛部では、C
o成分は約40重量%にまで希釈され、逆にFe成分は
約30重量%にまで濃縮される。
For example, as the valve body, Fe: about 80
%, Total amount of other components: about 20% by weight of heat-resistant steel, TIG welding, Co: about 60% by weight, Fe: about 3% by weight, total amount of other components: about 37% by weight of Stellite rod When the overlay welding is performed by using the
The o component is diluted to about 40% by weight, while the Fe component is concentrated to about 30% by weight.

【0008】そのため、形成された肉盛部の耐食性は劣
化し、また耐熱性や耐摩耗性も低下して、高価なステラ
イト系合金を用いたにもかかわらず、その合金の設計目
標の特性が充分に発揮されないことになる。また、熱間
鍛造後の仕上げ加工では、肉盛部のうち余分な部分はキ
リ粉として発生する。このキリ粉は回収され、新たなス
テライト棒の素材として利用されることもあるが、いず
れにしても、高価なステライト系合金の有効利用率が低
いという点で全体のコストアップを招くことは否めな
い。
Therefore, the corrosion resistance of the built-up portion formed is deteriorated, and the heat resistance and wear resistance are also deteriorated. It will not be fully demonstrated. Further, in the finishing process after hot forging, an extra portion of the built-up portion is generated as milled powder. This milled powder may be recovered and used as a material for new stellite rods, but in any case, it cannot be denied that it will increase the overall cost because the effective utilization rate of expensive stellite alloy is low. Absent.

【0009】本発明は上記した問題を解決し、シート面
における耐食性,耐熱性,耐摩耗性などの特性が設計目
標より低下することのない内燃エンジン排気バルブの製
造方法の提供を目的とする。
An object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems and to provide a method for manufacturing an internal combustion engine exhaust valve in which the characteristics such as corrosion resistance, heat resistance, and wear resistance on the seat surface do not fall below design goals.

【0010】[0010]

【課題を解決するための手段】上記した目的を達成する
ために、本発明においては、バルブ本体のシート面の全
周にアンダーカット加工を施し、前記アンダーカット加
工部に、前記バルブ本体の構成材料よりも耐熱性と耐食
性が優れている材料から成るリングを嵌合し、ついで、
前記リング上から熱間鍛造と同時に成形処理を施すこと
により、前記リングと前記アンダーカット加工部を溶着
または拡散接合させることを特徴とする内燃エンジン排
気バルブの製造方法が提供される。
In order to achieve the above object, in the present invention, an undercut process is applied to the entire circumference of the seat surface of the valve body, and the undercut process portion is provided with a structure of the valve body. Fit a ring made of a material that has better heat resistance and corrosion resistance than the material, and then
A method for manufacturing an internal combustion engine exhaust valve is provided, in which the ring and the undercut processed portion are welded or diffusion-bonded by performing a forming process simultaneously with hot forging on the ring.

【0011】[0011]

【作用】本発明方法は、図1で示したように、従来と同
じようにバルブ本体1のシート面になるべき個所にアン
ダーカット加工部1aを形成する。ついで、図2で示し
たように、形成すべきシート面の目標特性を有する材料
から成るリング4を嵌め込んだのち、型3’により熱間
鍛造すると同時にリング4を成形する(図3)。そして
最後に、成形面を研削して仕上げ加工を行ない、所定の
シート面にする(図4)。
According to the method of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 1, the undercut processed portion 1a is formed at a portion to be the seat surface of the valve body 1 as in the conventional case. Then, as shown in FIG. 2, a ring 4 made of a material having the target characteristics of the sheet surface to be formed is fitted and then hot forged by a die 3 ′ and at the same time the ring 4 is formed (FIG. 3). Finally, the forming surface is ground and finished to give a predetermined sheet surface (FIG. 4).

【0012】この熱間鍛造によりリング4が塑性変形し
てアンダーカット加工部1aに充填されると同時に、熱
間鍛造時の熱によって、リング4とアンダーカット加工
部1aの熱圧界面では、溶着または拡散接合が進行する
ので、塑性変形したリングはアンダーカット加工部と一
体化する。この場合、リング4の体積をアンダーカット
加工部1aの容量と略同等になるような断面形状にリン
グ4を加工しておけば、熱間鍛造時に塑性変形したとき
に、前記アンダーカット加工部1aからはみだし量を少
なくし、ニアネット形状に成形することができ、無駄な
く使用材料の有効利用が可能になる。
By this hot forging, the ring 4 is plastically deformed and filled in the undercut processed portion 1a, and at the same time, the heat at the time of hot forging causes welding at the hot press interface between the ring 4 and the undercut processed portion 1a. Alternatively, since diffusion bonding progresses, the plastically deformed ring is integrated with the undercut processed portion. In this case, if the ring 4 is processed into a cross-sectional shape such that the volume of the ring 4 is substantially equal to the volume of the undercut processed portion 1a, the undercut processed portion 1a can be deformed plastically during hot forging. The amount of protrusion can be reduced, and the material can be molded into a near net shape, and the material used can be effectively used without waste.

【0013】リング4の材質として、これが排気バルブ
のシート面を構成することになるので、バルブ本体の材
質よりも耐熱性,耐食性,耐摩耗性に優れている材料、
例えば従来と同様にステライト系合金を用いることがで
きる。ステライト系合金をリング材として用いた場合、
熱間鍛造では、TIG溶接のときと異なり、ステライト
系合金中のCo成分がバルブ本体に固溶して希釈化した
り、またバルブ本体中のFe成分がステライト系合金リ
ングに固溶してそのFe濃度が濃縮したりすることは起
こらず、塑性変形したリングとバルブ本体のアンダーカ
ット加工部との界面では相互の溶着または拡散接合が実
現するにとどまる。
As the material of the ring 4, since it constitutes the seat surface of the exhaust valve, a material having higher heat resistance, corrosion resistance and wear resistance than the material of the valve body,
For example, a stellite alloy can be used as in the conventional case. When using a stellite alloy as the ring material,
In hot forging, unlike the case of TIG welding, the Co component in the stellite-based alloy is solid-solved and diluted in the valve body, and the Fe component in the valve body is solid-dissolved in the stellite-based alloy ring. The concentration does not increase, and mutual welding or diffusion bonding is realized only at the interface between the plastically deformed ring and the undercut processed portion of the valve body.

【0014】したがって、形成されたシート面の組成
は、用いたリングのステライト組成とほとんど変わるこ
とがなく、目標とする特性が充分に確保されることにな
る。この熱間鍛造において、鍛造圧,鍛造時の温度,圧
力印加時間などは、溶着かまたは拡散接合かによって相
違し、また、バルブ本体やリングの組成、形状などによ
って異なるので、これらの因子は適宜に選定されるが、
鍛造圧としては通常1〜2ton/cm2 ,温度としては、F
eが溶融しない温度、通常1300℃,鍛造時間は通常
2〜4秒程度であれば充分である。
Therefore, the composition of the formed sheet surface hardly changes from the stellite composition of the ring used, and the target characteristics are sufficiently secured. In this hot forging, the forging pressure, the temperature at the time of forging, the pressure application time, etc. differ depending on whether welding or diffusion bonding is performed, and also depending on the composition and shape of the valve body and ring, these factors are appropriate. Will be selected as
Forging pressure is usually 1-2 ton / cm 2 , and temperature is F
The temperature at which e does not melt, usually 1300 ° C., and the forging time are usually about 2 to 4 seconds, which is sufficient.

【0015】[0015]

【実施例】C:0.55重量%,Mn:7重量%,Ni:
1.6重量%,Cr:21重量%,Cu:0.7重量%,S
i:0.15重量%以下,P:0.03重量%以下,S:0.
03重量%以下、残部がFeから成る耐熱鋼でバルブ本
体を製造し、そのシート面になる個所にアンダーカット
加工部を切削加工した。
EXAMPLES C: 0.55% by weight, Mn: 7% by weight, Ni:
1.6% by weight, Cr: 21% by weight, Cu: 0.7% by weight, S
i: 0.15% by weight or less, P: 0.03% by weight or less, S: 0.
A valve body was manufactured from a heat-resisting steel containing not more than 03% by weight and the balance being Fe, and an undercut portion was cut at a portion which became the seat surface.

【0016】ついで、Cr:15重量%,Fe:3重量
%,W:10重量%,残部がCoから成るステライト系
合金でリングを製造し、このリングを前記アンダーカッ
ト加工部に嵌め込んだ。その後、アンダーカット加工部
を1200℃に加熱し、圧力1ton/cm2 で熱間鍛造し
た。圧力の印加は2秒とした。鍛造個所に所定の仕上げ
加工を施して排気バルブとした。無駄になったリングの
材料は、20%であった。
Then, a ring was manufactured from a stellite alloy containing Cr: 15% by weight, Fe: 3% by weight, W: 10% by weight, and the balance being Co, and the ring was fitted into the undercut processing portion. Then, the undercut portion was heated to 1200 ° C. and hot forged at a pressure of 1 ton / cm 2 . The pressure was applied for 2 seconds. Exhaust valves were made by subjecting the forged parts to predetermined finishing. Wasted ring material was 20%.

【0017】この排気バルブのシート面におけるCo成
分とFe成分を分析したところ、それぞれ、60重量
%,4重量%であり、リングの組成とほとんど変わって
いなかった。比較のために、同じステライト系合金を用
いたTIG溶接でシート面を形成した。そのシート面に
おけるCo成分とFe成分は、それぞれ、40重量%,
20重量%であり、Co希釈化,Feの濃縮が認められ
た。また、無駄になったステライトのキリ粉は50%で
あった。
When the Co component and the Fe component on the seat surface of this exhaust valve were analyzed, they were 60% by weight and 4% by weight, respectively, which was almost the same as the composition of the ring. For comparison, the sheet surface was formed by TIG welding using the same stellite alloy. The Co component and the Fe component on the sheet surface are 40% by weight,
It was 20% by weight, and Co dilution and Fe concentration were observed. Further, the waste powder of stellite wasted was 50%.

【0018】実施例バルブと比較例バルブをそれぞれ9
0℃の100%PbOの腐食灰の中に1時間浸漬したの
ち取出し、それぞれの腐食減量を測定してシート面の耐
食性を調べたところ、実施例バルブの場合は200g/cm
2/hr,比較例バルブの場合は300g/cm2/hrであった。
The example valve and the comparative example valve are each 9
It was immersed in 100% PbO corrosive ash at 0 ° C for 1 hour and then taken out, and the corrosion weight of each sheet was measured to examine the corrosion resistance of the seat surface.
2 / hr, and in the case of the comparative valve, it was 300 g / cm 2 / hr.

【0019】[0019]

【発明の効果】以上の説明で明らかなように、本発明方
法によれば、バルブ本体に形成されたシート面は、シー
ト面形成のために用いた材料の特性を損なうことなくそ
のまま発揮されているので、バルブに要求されている耐
食性,耐熱性,耐摩耗性などの諸特性を設計目標から低
下させることなく有効に発揮させることができる。この
ことは、バルブ本体のシート面相当個所に所定特性の材
質から成るリングを配置し、これを熱間鍛造して溶着ま
たは拡散接合させたことがもたらす効果である。
As is apparent from the above description, according to the method of the present invention, the seat surface formed on the valve body is directly exhibited without impairing the characteristics of the material used for forming the seat surface. Therefore, various characteristics required for the valve, such as corrosion resistance, heat resistance, and wear resistance, can be effectively exhibited without lowering from the design target. This is an effect brought about by arranging a ring made of a material having a predetermined characteristic at a portion corresponding to the seat surface of the valve body, and hot forging and welding or diffusion bonding the ring.

【0020】また、本発明方法によれば、従来の肉盛り
溶接と異なり、材料の使用量を節約することができるの
で、経済的にも大きな効果が得られる。
Further, according to the method of the present invention, unlike the conventional overlay welding, the amount of material used can be saved, so that a great effect can be obtained economically.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of drawings]

【図1】本発明方法において、バルブ本体のシート面形
成個所にアンダーカット加工部を形成した状態を示す部
分側面図である。
FIG. 1 is a partial side view showing a state in which an undercut processed portion is formed at a seat surface forming portion of a valve body in the method of the present invention.

【図2】本発明方法において、バルブ本体のアンダーカ
ット加工部にリングを嵌め込んだ状態示す部分側面図で
ある。
FIG. 2 is a partial side view showing a state in which a ring is fitted in an undercut processed portion of a valve body in the method of the present invention.

【図3】本発明方法において、リングの熱間鍛造と成形
処理を行なった状態を示す部分側面図である。
FIG. 3 is a partial side view showing a state in which hot forging and forming processing of a ring are performed in the method of the present invention.

【図4】仕上げ加工された排気バルブを示す部分側面図
である。
FIG. 4 is a partial side view showing a finished exhaust valve.

【図5】従来方法において、シート面形成個所にアンダ
ーカット加工部を形成した状態を示す部分側面図であ
る。
FIG. 5 is a partial side view showing a state in which an undercut processed portion is formed at a sheet surface forming portion in a conventional method.

【図6】従来方法において、アンダーカット加工部にT
IG溶接で肉盛部を形成した状態を示す部分側面図であ
る。
FIG. 6 shows a conventional method in which T is formed in the undercut processed portion.
It is a partial side view showing a state where a build-up portion is formed by IG welding.

【図7】肉盛部に熱間鍛造を行なった状態を示す部分側
面図である。
FIG. 7 is a partial side view showing a state in which a built-up portion is hot forged.

【図8】仕上げ加工された排気バルブを示す部分側面図
である。
FIG. 8 is a partial side view showing a finished exhaust valve.

【符号の説明】[Explanation of symbols]

1 排気バルブ本体 1a アンダーカット加工部 2 肉盛部 3,3’ 型 4 リング 1 Exhaust valve body 1a Undercut processing part 2 Overlay part 3, 3'type 4 Ring

Claims (2)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 【請求項1】 バルブ本体のシート面の全周にアンダー
カット加工を施し、前記アンダーカット加工部に、前記
バルブ本体の構成材料よりも耐熱性と耐食性が優れてい
る材料から成るリングを嵌合し、ついで、前記リング上
から熱間鍛造と同時に成形処理を施すことにより、前記
リングと前記アンダーカット加工部を溶着または拡散接
合させることを特徴とする内燃エンジン排気バルブの製
造方法。
1. A valve body is undercut all around the seat surface, and a ring made of a material having higher heat resistance and corrosion resistance than the constituent material of the valve body is fitted to the undercut processing portion. Then, a method for manufacturing an internal combustion engine exhaust valve is characterized in that the ring and the undercut processed portion are welded or diffusion-bonded to each other by subjecting the ring and the hot forging to a forming process at the same time.
【請求項2】 前記リングがステライト合金から成る請
求項1の内燃エンジン排気バルブの製造方法。
2. The method of manufacturing an internal combustion engine exhaust valve according to claim 1, wherein the ring is made of a stellite alloy.
JP9550992A 1992-04-15 1992-04-15 Production of exhaust valve for internal combustion engine Withdrawn JPH05285676A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP9550992A JPH05285676A (en) 1992-04-15 1992-04-15 Production of exhaust valve for internal combustion engine

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP9550992A JPH05285676A (en) 1992-04-15 1992-04-15 Production of exhaust valve for internal combustion engine

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH05285676A true JPH05285676A (en) 1993-11-02

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP9550992A Withdrawn JPH05285676A (en) 1992-04-15 1992-04-15 Production of exhaust valve for internal combustion engine

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JP (1) JPH05285676A (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2010221246A (en) * 2009-03-23 2010-10-07 Toyota Motor Corp Method for manufacturing forging product
DE102016122514B4 (en) 2016-11-22 2019-06-27 Federal-Mogul Valvetrain Gmbh Fire-sealed internally cooled valve and valve manufactured thereby

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2010221246A (en) * 2009-03-23 2010-10-07 Toyota Motor Corp Method for manufacturing forging product
DE102016122514B4 (en) 2016-11-22 2019-06-27 Federal-Mogul Valvetrain Gmbh Fire-sealed internally cooled valve and valve manufactured thereby

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Effective date: 19990706