JPH0525831A - Caisson block absorbing deformation of ground - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To ensure an economical and stabilizing measure against land subsidence by providing a wall to the upper part of a harbour construction placed to the bottom of the water to surround, filling the inside with gravel to provide an artificial foundation as a horizontal plane, and erecting an superstructure. CONSTITUTION:The inside surface of a caisson 2 provided to the bottom of the water is formed of steel plates 3 and 3', a heavy noncorrosive paint 4 treatment is applied to the outside surface to provide asphalt 5 layers to the out-side of the bottom and the surface. After that, wall surfaces 6 consisting of the inside having steel plates 3 and the outside to which the heavy nonco-rrosive paint 4 treatment is applied are erected on the surface of the caisson 2 in a square shape. Then, an artificial ground consisting of gravel 7 and, sand, etc., as riprap is constructed on the asphalt 5 layers surrounded by the wall surfaces 6. In accordance with the size, the size of a part surrounded by the wall surfaces 6 is adjusted, and level adjustment can be made by only spreading gravel 7, etc. on the part. A plurality of artificial grounds can lee mounted on the surface of one large caisson 2. According to the constitution, the settlement of the foundation ground 1 can be absorbed by the thickness of the gravel, etc.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】Detailed Description of the Invention

【０００１】[0001]

【産業上の利用分野】本発明は水底に設置するケーソン
に関し、特に地盤の圧密沈下等の変形を吸収する耐変形
吸収性が良好で安価なものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a caisson to be installed on the bottom of a water, and particularly to a caisson which is excellent in deformation absorption and absorbs deformation such as consolidation settlement of the ground and is inexpensive.

【０００２】[0002]

【従来の技術及び発明が解決しようとする課題】一般に
防波堤等の構造物の基礎等として用いられるケーソン
は、混成堤型式が多用され、特に上部工であるケーソン
は捨石マウンドを底面とし、埋立地盤面までを一体とし
て形成されている。しかしこのような従来のケーソン
は、軟弱地盤を起因とする圧密沈下等により地表面が凸
凹すると共に、埋立法線がずれるという問題があった。
また港湾施設がますます沖合に建設されるため、大型化
や長大化の必要があったがこの場合も上記の地表面の凸
凹変形を吸収することができず、設計，製作や施工面で
大きな問題であった。The caisson, which is generally used as the foundation of structures such as breakwaters, is often a mixed dam type. Especially, the caisson, which is a superstructure, has a rubble mound as the bottom surface and reclaimed land. The surface is integrally formed. However, such a conventional caisson has a problem that the ground surface becomes uneven due to consolidation subsidence due to soft ground and the landfill normal shifts.
In addition, since port facilities are increasingly constructed offshore, it was necessary to make them larger and longer, but even in this case, the above-mentioned irregular deformation of the ground surface could not be absorbed, and design, production, and construction aspects were large. It was a problem.

【０００３】この欠点を補うケーソンとして、従来から
上部土留工を後施工するとう対策が取られていたが、こ
のようなケーソンでは、大水深の大型構造物に対しては
確実なものとはいえず、沈下を無制限に且つ確実に吸収
できる構造物が強く求められていた。さらにコストの低
減も求められている。As a caisson for compensating for this drawback, measures have conventionally been taken for post-installing an upper earth retaining work, but such a caisson can be said to be a reliable one for large structures with a large depth of water. Therefore, there has been a strong demand for a structure capable of absorbing the settlement without limitation and without fail. Furthermore, cost reduction is also required.

【０００４】本発明はこれに鑑み種々検討の結果、従来
の構造物の型式を使用しながらも、沈下により発生する
構造物の変形を吸収する安定性の高いケーソンを開発し
たものである。As a result of various studies in view of this, the present invention has developed a caisson having a high stability which absorbs deformation of a structure caused by subsidence while using a conventional structure type.

【０００５】即ち本発明は、ケーソン，セルラーブロッ
ク，セルラー，セル等の港湾構造物において、立設した
壁面の上端部の海側，陸側の任意の位置にさらに複数列
の壁体を立設し、この壁体で囲まれた内側に砂利，砂，
コンクリート等で人工基盤を造って任意の水平面とし、
この人工基盤上に上部構造物を構築することを特徴とす
るものである。That is, according to the present invention, in a port structure such as a caisson, a cellular block, a cellular, or a cell, a plurality of rows of wall bodies are erected at arbitrary positions on the upper end of the erected wall surface on the sea side or on the land side. The inside of the wall is surrounded by gravel, sand,
Build an artificial base with concrete etc. to make it an arbitrary horizontal surface,
It is characterized by constructing an upper structure on this artificial base.

【０００６】[0006]

【作用】このようなケーソンは構成材料としては、鋼
製，コンクリート製の何れでも対応可能である。本発明
によればこのように材料にとらわれることなく、ケーソ
ン壁面の上部の適宜の位置に壁面を立設してこの壁面で
囲まれた部分に沈下量を見越した砂利等を敷設し、もし
くは沈下がほぼ完了してから砂利を敷設した後、上部構
造物を沈下に関係なく設置することが可能となる等の特
徴を有する。The above caisson can be made of steel or concrete as a constituent material. According to the present invention, the wall surface is erected at an appropriate position above the wall surface of the caisson according to the present invention, and gravel or the like is laid in the portion surrounded by the wall surface in consideration of the amount of subsidence, or the subsidence is performed. After the gravel is laid almost completely, the superstructure can be installed regardless of subsidence.

【０００７】また従来はケーソンの上面に載置する上部
ケーソンの水平レベルを出す機構がないため、捨石マウ
ンドの施工を均等に且つ注意深くする必要があった。し
かし本発明によりば、ケーソン上面に上記壁面を立設
し、該壁面で囲まれた部分に砂利を敷設したものである
から、従来のような構造物の沈下，変形が起こるという
ことが無くなるとともに、完成後かなり大幅な補修をす
ることがなくなるのでコストをさらに低減できるもので
ある。Further, conventionally, since there is no mechanism for setting the horizontal level of the upper caisson to be placed on the upper surface of the caisson, it is necessary to evenly and carefully perform the construction of the rubble mound. However, according to the present invention, the wall surface is erected on the upper surface of the caisson, and the gravel is laid in the portion surrounded by the wall surface, so that the sinking and deformation of the conventional structure can be prevented. The cost can be further reduced since there is no need to perform a considerable repair after completion.

【０００８】[0008]

【実施例】次に本発明の一実施例を説明する。図１に示
すようにマウンド(1) 上に設置するケーソン(2) におい
て、その内側面を鋼板(3)(3') で形成し、その外側面は
以下のような構成とした。即ち側壁の外側面には、重防
食塗装(4) 処理を施し、また底面の鋼板(3) 及び上面の
鋼板(3')の外側にはアスファルト(5) 層を設けた。なお
下記に述べるように上面の鋼板(3')は不要な場合もあ
る。EXAMPLE An example of the present invention will be described below. As shown in FIG. 1, in the caisson (2) installed on the mound (1), the inner side surface is formed of steel plates (3) and (3 '), and the outer side surface is configured as follows. That is, the outer surface of the side wall was subjected to heavy anticorrosion coating (4) treatment, and an asphalt (5) layer was provided on the outer side of the steel plate (3) on the bottom surface and the steel plate (3 ′) on the top surface. As described below, the steel plate (3 ') on the upper surface may be unnecessary.

【０００９】さらにこのケーソン(2) 上面には内側が鋼
板(3)でその外側に重防食塗装(4)処理を施した壁面(6)
を方形に立設した。そして上記方形の壁面(6) で囲まれ
た内部のアスファルト層の上には、砂利(7) を捨石とし
て敷設し、その上に上部ケーソン(8) を載置した。この
ように上部ケーソン(8) の大きさに合わせて壁面(6) で
囲まれる部分の大きさを調整でき、かつその部分には砂
利（7)を敷くだけで十分レベルの調整ができると共に、
この砂利(7) の厚みで基礎地盤の沈下を吸収させること
ができる。Further, the upper surface of the caisson (2) has a steel plate (3) on the inner side and a wall surface (6) on the outer side of which a heavy anticorrosion coating (4) is applied.
Was erected in a square. Then, gravel (7) was laid as rubble on the inner asphalt layer surrounded by the square wall (6), and the upper caisson (8) was placed on it. In this way, the size of the part surrounded by the wall surface (6) can be adjusted according to the size of the upper caisson (8), and just by laying gravel (7) on that part, it is possible to adjust the level sufficiently,
The thickness of this gravel (7) can absorb the subsidence of the foundation ground.

【００１０】また１台の大きなケーソンの上面に、上記
壁面(6) で囲まれた部分を複数箇所設けることにより、
それぞれの箇所に各別に上部ケーソンを載置できるの
で、上部ケーソン(8) 毎に下部のケーソン(2) を製造し
なくても済み、製造コストの大幅な低減となる。By providing a plurality of portions surrounded by the wall surface (6) on the upper surface of one large caisson,
Since the upper caisson can be placed separately at each place, it is not necessary to manufacture the lower caisson (2) for each upper caisson (8), which leads to a significant reduction in manufacturing cost.

【００１１】なお上面の鋼板(3) には開口(9) が形成し
てあり、ケーソン(2) 内部に中詰砂(10)が必要であれば
この開口(9) から砂の吹き込みが可能である。また図中
の(11)は上部の砕石止めである。また上面の鋼板(3')を
設けない場合は、従来方式で上記中詰を行い、この中詰
上に上部の砕石止め(11)もしくは壁面(6) を利用して砂
利(7) をひくこともできる。An opening (9) is formed in the steel plate (3) on the upper surface, and if the filling sand (10) is required inside the caisson (2), the sand can be blown from this opening (9). Is. In addition, (11) in the figure is an upper crushed stone stopper. If the steel plate (3 ') on the upper surface is not provided, the above-mentioned filling is performed by the conventional method, and the gravel (7) is ground on the filling by using the stone stopper (11) or the wall (6) on the top. You can also

【００１２】このような構成のケーソンであれば、大水
深に対応してケーソンを多段積する場合や、または地盤
の沈下が大きいところでも、レベルを一定に保つことが
できるという利点を有する。またこのような構造物は、
従来の設計法及び製造方法が利用できるので、技術的な
困難さはない。そして鋼製構造物とした場合は、外面は
アスファルト又は重防食塗装層であるので腐食に対して
は永久構造であり、さらにケーソンの下面はアスファル
ト層であるので滑動防止機構をも具備している。なお鋼
板の外側面は、上記の構成の他全面にアスファルト層を
設けた構成であってもよい。The caisson having such a structure has an advantage that the level can be kept constant even when the caisson is stacked in multiple stages corresponding to a great depth of water or where the ground subsidence is large. Moreover, such a structure is
There are no technical difficulties as conventional design and manufacturing methods are available. In the case of a steel structure, the outer surface of the caisson is a permanent structure against corrosion because it is an asphalt or heavy anticorrosion coating layer, and the bottom surface of the caisson is an asphalt layer, so it also has a slip prevention mechanism. .. The outer surface of the steel plate may have an asphalt layer on the entire surface in addition to the above-mentioned structure.

【００１３】[0013]

【発明の効果】このように本発明によれば、ケーソン本
体が軽量且つ高強度となるので、ケーソンの大型化や長
大化に容易に対応でき、その製作面や施工面で種々の利
点を有し、経済性に優れたものである。さらに１台の大
型のケーソンの上面に複数の上部ケーソンを容易に且つ
安価に載置できるので製造コストの低いケーソンが得ら
れる等の効果を奏する。さらに地盤の沈下に対して全て
調整できるので常に一定のレベルを確保することが可能
である。As described above, according to the present invention, since the caisson body is lightweight and has high strength, it is possible to easily cope with an increase in size and length of the caisson, and various advantages in terms of production and construction. However, it is economical. Furthermore, a plurality of upper caissons can be easily and inexpensively placed on the upper surface of one large caisson, so that a caisson having a low manufacturing cost can be obtained. Furthermore, it is possible to always maintain a certain level because all adjustments can be made to the subsidence of the ground.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of drawings]

【図１】本発明の一実施例を示す側断面図である。FIG. 1 is a side sectional view showing an embodiment of the present invention.

【符号の説明】[Explanation of symbols]

１ マウント ２ ケーソン ３ 鋼板 ３’上面の鋼板 ４ 重防食塗装 ５ アスファルト ６ 壁面 ７ 砂利 ８ 上部ケーソン ９ 開口 10 中詰砂 11 砕石止め 1 mount 2 caisson 3 steel plate 3'top steel plate 4 heavy anticorrosion coating 5 asphalt 6 wall surface 7 gravel 8 upper caisson 9 opening 10 middle sand 11 crushing stone stopper

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】 【請求項１】 ケーソン，セルラーブロック，セルラ
ー，セル等の港湾構造物において、立設した壁面の上端
部の海側，陸側の任意の位置にさらに複数列の壁体を立
設し、この壁体で囲まれた内側に砂利，砂，コンクリー
ト等で人工基盤を造って任意の水平面とし、この人工基
盤上に上部構造物を構築することを特徴とする地盤の変
形を吸収するケーソンブロック。Claims: 1. In a port structure such as a caisson, a cellular block, a cellular, a cell, etc., a plurality of rows of wall bodies are further provided at arbitrary positions on the seaside and land side of the upper end of the standing wall surface. A vertical deformation of the ground characterized by constructing an artificial base on the inside surrounded by this wall body with gravel, sand, concrete, etc. to make an arbitrary horizontal surface and constructing an upper structure on this artificial base. Caisson block that absorbs.