JPH0525659U - Solid electrolyte fuel cell - Google Patents
Solid electrolyte fuel cellInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0525659U JPH0525659U JP074377U JP7437791U JPH0525659U JP H0525659 U JPH0525659 U JP H0525659U JP 074377 U JP074377 U JP 074377U JP 7437791 U JP7437791 U JP 7437791U JP H0525659 U JPH0525659 U JP H0525659U
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- fuel cell
- solid electrolyte
- interconnector
- lead
- nickel
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- Y02E60/525—
Abstract
(57)【要約】
【目的】 固体電解質燃料電池の改良に関する。
【構成】 ニッケル・アルミニウム又はニッケル・クロ
ムなどの合金皮膜に、アルミナ又はジルコニアなどのセ
ラミックスを４０〜６０ｖｏｌ％分散させた複合皮膜よ
りなるインタコネクタ及びリードを具備した固体電解質
燃料電池。
(57) [Summary] [Objective] The present invention relates to improvement of a solid oxide fuel cell. A solid electrolyte fuel cell comprising an interconnector and a lead, which are composed of a composite film in which ceramics such as alumina or zirconia are dispersed in an amount of 40 to 60 vol% in an alloy film of nickel, aluminum, nickel, chromium or the like.
Description
【０００１】[0001]
本考案は空気等の酸化性ガスと水素や一酸化炭素ガス等の還元性ガスの化学反 応を利用して発電する固体電解質燃料電池の改良に関する。 The present invention relates to improvement of a solid oxide fuel cell that generates electricity by utilizing a chemical reaction between an oxidizing gas such as air and a reducing gas such as hydrogen or carbon monoxide gas.
【０００２】[0002]
図３は固体電解質燃料電池の構造例を示す。図３において、１は多孔性支持体 、２は燃料極、３は固体電解質、４はインタコネクタ、５はリード、６は空気極 である。 FIG. 3 shows a structural example of a solid oxide fuel cell. In FIG. 3, 1 is a porous support, 2 is a fuel electrode, 3 is a solid electrolyte, 4 is an interconnector, 5 is a lead, and 6 is an air electrode.
【０００３】 固体電解質燃料電池は燃料極２の固体電解質３と空気極６の３層で１素子が構 成される。高温で燃料極２に水素、空気極６に酸素を給供すると、空気極６では 酸素が電子を取り込んでＯ2-イオンとなる反応を促進するよう動作する。Ｏ2-イ オンは固体電解質３内部の酸素イオン空孔子点を経由しながら燃料極２側へと拡 散移動する。燃料極２との界面に到達したＯ2-イオンは燃料極２より送り込まれ た水素と反応して電子を放出するので、仮に燃料極２と空気極６を外部回路を通 して連結すると、空気極６を正極とする電流が流れる。In the solid electrolyte fuel cell, one element is composed of three layers of the solid electrolyte 3 of the fuel electrode 2 and the air electrode 6. When hydrogen is supplied to the fuel electrode 2 and oxygen is supplied to the air electrode 6 at a high temperature, the oxygen in the air electrode 6 operates to promote the reaction of taking in electrons and forming O 2− ions. O 2 − ions diffusely move toward the fuel electrode 2 side through the oxygen ion vacancy points inside the solid electrolyte 3. The O 2− ion reaching the interface with the fuel electrode 2 reacts with hydrogen sent from the fuel electrode 2 to emit an electron, so if the fuel electrode 2 and the air electrode 6 are connected through an external circuit, A current flows with the air electrode 6 as a positive electrode.
【０００４】 固体電解質燃料電池は素子１個当りの無負荷電圧が低く複数の素子を直列に接 続する必要があり、インタコネクタ４が電気的な接続の役目を果している。リー ド５は電力を外部取出し端子へ導く役目を果している。以上の固体電解質燃料電 池の作動原理により、インタコネクタ４、リード５に要求される代表的な性質に 高い電子導電性、緻密であることがあげられる。また、作動時の熱的損傷を防止 するための低熱膨張率及び酸化雰囲気に強いことが望まれる。In the solid electrolyte fuel cell, the no-load voltage per element is low and it is necessary to connect a plurality of elements in series, and the interconnector 4 plays a role of electrical connection. The lead 5 serves to guide the electric power to the external output terminal. Based on the above operating principle of the solid electrolyte fuel cell, the typical properties required for the interconnector 4 and the lead 5 are high electron conductivity and high density. In addition, it is desired that the thermal expansion coefficient be low and the oxidative atmosphere should be strong in order to prevent thermal damage during operation.
【０００５】[0005]
インタコネクタ４、リード５の特性には高い電子導電性が必要であり、一般的 に金属系材料がその特性を満足する。しかし、金属系材料は熱膨張率が高く、そ の皮膜を高温で作動する固体電解質燃料電池に使用した場合、熱応力によって皮 膜に割れ、剥離が発生する。 The characteristics of the interconnector 4 and the lead 5 require high electronic conductivity, and metal-based materials generally satisfy the characteristics. However, metal-based materials have a high coefficient of thermal expansion, and when the coating is used in a solid electrolyte fuel cell that operates at high temperatures, thermal stress causes cracking and peeling of the coating.
【０００６】 インタコネクタ４、リード５を形成する皮膜の損傷はインタコネクタ４、リー ド５の損傷にとどまらず固体電解質燃料電池を構成する他の皮膜の損傷を引き起 し、電池性能を大幅に低下させる。The damage to the film forming the interconnector 4 and the lead 5 is not limited to the damage to the interconnector 4 and the lead 5, but also to the damage to other films constituting the solid electrolyte fuel cell, which significantly improves the cell performance. Lower.
【０００７】 なお、一部の酸化物系材料が高い電子導電性を有し、低熱膨張率を示すが、高 価で溶射作業性が悪いため経済的でない。Although some oxide materials have high electronic conductivity and low thermal expansion coefficient, they are uneconomical because they are expensive and have poor spraying workability.
【０００８】 したがって、作業が簡便で成膜速度の速いプラズマ溶射法を用いたインタコネ クタ４、リード５の形成において、電子導電性を損なうことなく低熱膨張率化を 図ることが課題であった。Therefore, in forming the interconnector 4 and the lead 5 using the plasma spraying method, which is simple in work and has a high film formation rate, it has been a problem to achieve a low coefficient of thermal expansion without deteriorating the electronic conductivity.
【０００９】 本考案は上記技術水準に鑑み、上記課題を解決しうるインタコネクタ及びリー ドを有する固体電解質燃料電池を提供しようとするものである。In view of the above-mentioned state of the art, the present invention intends to provide a solid electrolyte fuel cell having an interconnector and a lead that can solve the above problems.
【００１０】[0010]
本考案はニッケル・アルミニウム又はニッケル・クロムなどの合金皮膜にアル ミナ又はジルコニアなどのセラミックスを４０〜６０ｖｏｌ％分散させた複合皮 膜よりなるインタコネクタ及びリードを具備してなることを特徴とする固体電解 質燃料電池である。 The present invention is characterized by comprising an interconnector and a lead, which are made of a composite film in which ceramics such as aluminum or zirconia are dispersed in an amount of 40 to 60 vol% in an alloy film of nickel, aluminum or nickel, chromium. It is an electrolyte fuel cell.
【００１１】 すなわち、本考案は皮膜の電子導電性を損うことなく、低熱膨張率化を図るた め、ニッケル・アルミニウム又はニッケル・クロムなどの合金皮膜中に低熱膨張 率のアルミナ、ジルコニアなどのセラミックスを４０〜６０ｖｏｌ％分散させ複 合化したインタコネクタ及びリードを具備した固体電解質燃料電池である。That is, according to the present invention, in order to achieve a low coefficient of thermal expansion without impairing the electronic conductivity of the film, an alloy film such as nickel / aluminum or nickel / chromium has a low coefficient of thermal expansion such as alumina or zirconia. The solid electrolyte fuel cell is provided with an interconnector and a lead in which 40 to 60 vol% of ceramics are dispersed and combined.
【００１２】[0012]
【作用】 合金とセラミックスの複合皮膜の電子導電性は合金をマトリックスとしてセラ ミックスが球形に均一分散する場合、セラミックス比率の影響を受けるものの導 体である合金の電子導電性で決定される。[Function] The electronic conductivity of the composite film of alloy and ceramics is determined by the electronic conductivity of the alloy, which is the conductor of the alloy, although it is affected by the ceramic ratio when the ceramic is dispersed uniformly in a spherical shape using the alloy as a matrix.
【００１３】 ただし、複合皮膜の表面は溶射皮膜の形成プロセスの上からセラミックスの球 形分散が困難であり、一般に層状に近い状態で分散するため電子導電性が低下す る。However, it is difficult to spherically disperse the ceramics on the surface of the composite coating due to the process of forming the thermal spray coating, and in general, the ceramics are dispersed in a nearly layered state, resulting in a decrease in electronic conductivity.
【００１４】 複合皮膜の熱膨張率は合金のマトリックスに分散したセラミックス比率と直線 関係にあり、低熱膨張率のセラミックス比率が高くなるにつれて低下する。The coefficient of thermal expansion of the composite coating has a linear relationship with the ratio of ceramics dispersed in the alloy matrix, and decreases as the ratio of ceramics with a low coefficient of thermal expansion increases.
【００１５】[0015]
図１はニッケル・クロム合金とアルミナの混合比率を数種変化させプラズマ溶 射法で形成した複合皮膜の導電性の有無をテスターで評価した結果の図表である 。図１の導電性の有無は絶縁管表面にニッケル・クロムとアルミナの複合皮膜を 形成し、その表面の導通を点接触で３０点計って求めた。 Fig. 1 is a chart of the results of evaluation by a tester of the conductivity of the composite coating formed by the plasma spraying method with several different mixing ratios of nickel-chromium alloy and alumina. The presence or absence of conductivity in FIG. 1 was obtained by forming a composite film of nickel-chromium and alumina on the surface of the insulating tube and measuring the conductivity of the surface by point contact at 30 points.
【００１６】 溶射条件はニッケル・クロムとアルミナの混合比率が変化しても一定とし、プ ラズマアーク電流：５５０Ａ、プラズマアーク電圧：６５Ｖ、プラズマガスＡｒ ：４０リットル／ｍｉｎ、Ｈ2 ：７リットル／ｍｉｎ、溶射距離：１２０ｍｍと した。The spraying conditions are constant even if the mixing ratio of nickel / chromium and alumina changes, and plasma arc current: 550 A, plasma arc voltage: 65 V, plasma gas Ar: 40 liter / min, H 2 : 7 liter / min. , Spraying distance: 120 mm.
【００１７】 図１の結果から複合皮膜中のアルミナの比率を高くしても、その比率が６０ｖ ｏｌ％以内では計測点すべてに導通が認められる。これに対して複合皮膜中のア ルミナの比率が６０％以上では、その比率が高くなるにつれ導通が認められない 計測点の数が増加することが判る。From the results of FIG. 1, even if the ratio of alumina in the composite coating is increased, conduction is recognized at all the measurement points when the ratio is within 60 vol%. On the other hand, when the ratio of aluminum in the composite film is 60% or more, it can be seen that as the ratio increases, the number of measurement points where conduction is not recognized increases.
【００１８】 図２はニッケル・クロム合金とアルミナの混合比率を数種変化させプラズマ溶 射法で形成した複合皮膜の熱膨張率を計測した結果である。図２の熱膨張率は炭 素鋼上に形成したニッケル・クロムとアルミナの複合皮膜から皮膜のみ径５×１ ０ｍｍの試料を取り出し、熱膨張計で計測した。溶射条件は図１の導電性の有無 の場合と同一とした。FIG. 2 shows the results of measuring the coefficient of thermal expansion of the composite coating formed by the plasma spraying method by changing the mixing ratio of nickel-chromium alloy and alumina several kinds. The coefficient of thermal expansion shown in FIG. 2 was measured with a thermal dilatometer from a composite film of nickel-chromium and alumina formed on carbon steel, in which only a sample having a diameter of 5 × 10 mm was taken out. The thermal spraying conditions were the same as those for the case with or without conductivity in FIG.
【００１９】 図２の結果から複合皮膜の熱膨張率は複合皮膜中のアルミナの比率が高くなる につれて直線的に低くなることが判った。From the results of FIG. 2, it was found that the coefficient of thermal expansion of the composite coating linearly decreased as the proportion of alumina in the composite coating increased.
【００２０】 図１、２の結果から、プラズマ溶射法で形成する皮膜の電子導電性を損わずに 低熱膨張率を図るには、合金とセラミックスの複合化があり、複合皮膜中のセラ ミックス比率は４０〜６０ｖｏｌ％が最も効果的であることが判った。From the results shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, in order to achieve a low coefficient of thermal expansion without impairing the electronic conductivity of the coating formed by the plasma spraying method, alloy and ceramics must be compounded. It has been found that a ratio of 40 to 60 vol% is most effective.
【００２１】[0021]
本考案に係るインタコネクタ、リードによれば、その電子導電性を損うことな く熱膨張率の低下が図れ、熱的損傷に対する耐久性も向上する。また、その皮膜 の形成において、作業性及び経済性に優れたプラズマ溶射法の適用が図れ、製造 コストに対する効果も大きい。さらに、固体電解質燃料電池の電池性能と耐久性 の向上に対する効果も大きい。 According to the interconnector and the lead according to the present invention, the coefficient of thermal expansion can be reduced without impairing the electronic conductivity, and the durability against thermal damage is also improved. Further, in forming the film, the plasma spraying method, which is excellent in workability and economy, can be applied, and the effect on the manufacturing cost is great. In addition, it has a great effect on improving the cell performance and durability of the solid oxide fuel cell.
【図１】本考案のインタコネクタ、リードに使用する複
合皮膜の導電特性を示す図表FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the conductive characteristics of the composite coating used for the interconnector and lead of the present invention.
【図２】本考案のインタコネクタ、リードに使用する複
合皮膜の熱膨張特性を示す図表FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the thermal expansion characteristics of the composite coating used for the interconnector and lead of the present invention.
【図３】固体電解質燃料電池の説明図FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of a solid oxide fuel cell.
１ 多孔性支持体 ２ 燃料極 ３ 固体電解質 ４ インタコネクタ ５ リード ６ 空気極 1 Porous support 2 Fuel electrode 3 Solid electrolyte 4 Interconnector 5 Lead 6 Air electrode
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)考案者 久留 長生 長崎市飽の浦町１番１号 三菱重工業株式 会社長崎造船所内 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor, Nagao Kurume 1-1, Atsunoura-machi, Nagasaki City Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd. Nagasaki Shipyard Co., Ltd.
Claims (1)
クロムなどの合金皮膜にアルミナ又はジルコニアなどの
セラミックスを４０〜６０ｖｏｌ％分散させた複合皮膜
よりなるインタコネクタ及びリードを具備してなること
を特徴とする固体電解質燃料電池。1. Nickel aluminum or nickel
A solid electrolyte fuel cell, comprising an interconnector and a lead, which are composed of a composite film in which ceramics such as alumina or zirconia are dispersed in an alloy film of chromium or the like in an amount of 40 to 60 vol%.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1991074377U JP2522208Y2 (en) | 1991-09-17 | 1991-09-17 | Solid electrolyte fuel cell |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1991074377U JP2522208Y2 (en) | 1991-09-17 | 1991-09-17 | Solid electrolyte fuel cell |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0525659U true JPH0525659U (en) | 1993-04-02 |
| JP2522208Y2 JP2522208Y2 (en) | 1997-01-08 |
Family
ID=13545419
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1991074377U Expired - Lifetime JP2522208Y2 (en) | 1991-09-17 | 1991-09-17 | Solid electrolyte fuel cell |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2522208Y2 (en) |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0237669A (en) * | 1988-04-21 | 1990-02-07 | Tonen Corp | Fuel cell of solid electrolyte type |
-
1991
- 1991-09-17 JP JP1991074377U patent/JP2522208Y2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0237669A (en) * | 1988-04-21 | 1990-02-07 | Tonen Corp | Fuel cell of solid electrolyte type |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2522208Y2 (en) | 1997-01-08 |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| A01 | Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01 Effective date: 19960730 |