JPH0524751B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0524751B2 JPH0524751B2 JP625485A JP625485A JPH0524751B2 JP H0524751 B2 JPH0524751 B2 JP H0524751B2 JP 625485 A JP625485 A JP 625485A JP 625485 A JP625485 A JP 625485A JP H0524751 B2 JPH0524751 B2 JP H0524751B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- generator
- circuit
- excitation
- electric brake
- rotation speed
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 claims description 36
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P9/00—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output
- H02P9/14—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output by variation of field
- H02P9/26—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output by variation of field using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices
- H02P9/30—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output by variation of field using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices using semiconductor devices
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P3/00—Arrangements for stopping or slowing electric motors, generators, or dynamo-electric converters
- H02P3/02—Details of stopping control
- H02P3/04—Means for stopping or slowing by a separate brake, e.g. friction brake or eddy-current brake
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Stopping Of Electric Motors (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
〔産業上の利用分野〕
この発明はブラシレス励磁方式の発電機を発電
制動（電気ブレーキ）により停止できるようにし
た発電機の電気ブレーキ装置に関するものであ
る。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to an electric brake device for a generator, which is capable of stopping a brushless excitation type generator by dynamic braking (electric brake).
ブラシレス励磁方式の発電機では回転数の低下
と共に発電機界磁電流が減少するので、発電機の
内部誘起電圧が回転数の２乗で減少し、短絡電流
が小さくなつて従来は電気ブレーキの効果がない
として電気ブレーキの適用がなされていなかつ
た。本件はこれを解決するために工夫された発電
機の電気ブレーキ装置に関するものである。
In a brushless excitation type generator, the generator field current decreases as the rotation speed decreases, so the internal induced voltage of the generator decreases as the square of the rotation speed, and the short-circuit current becomes smaller, making it less effective than electric braking. Electric brakes were not applied because there was no such thing. This case concerns a generator electric brake device devised to solve this problem.
周知の通り電気ブレーキは発電機回路を短絡
し、定格電流程度の短絡電流を流して発電機の
I2Rロスにより発電機に制動をかける方式であ
る。回転数の遅い水力発電所等では、回転部のも
つ回転エネルギも大きく、したがつて機械的ブレ
ーキでは熱的制約もあつて停止時間が長くなるば
かりでなくブレーキシユーの摩耗も大となるため
保守も大変である。そこで通常の発電機の停止
は、電気ブレーキにより行い、機械的ブレーキは
緊急の場合だけに使用するという考え方がクロー
ズアツプしてきた。 As is well known, electric brakes short-circuit the generator circuit, causing a short-circuit current of about the rated current to flow through the generator.
This method uses I 2 R loss to brake the generator. In hydroelectric power plants, etc., where the rotation speed is slow, the rotational energy of the rotating parts is large, so mechanical brakes are subject to thermal constraints, which not only prolongs the stopping time but also increases wear on the brake shoes. Maintenance is also difficult. Therefore, the concept of using electric brakes to normally stop generators and using mechanical brakes only in emergencies has gained momentum.
従来のサイリスタ励磁方式の場合の電気ブレー
キの一例を第８図により説明する。１は発電機、
１Ａはその界磁巻線、２は電気ブレーキ用断路
器、３は発電機用しや断器、４は主変圧器、５は
計器用変圧器、６は励磁用変圧器、７は自動電圧
調整器（AVR）、８は点弧回路、９はサイリスタ
ブリツジ、１０は界磁しや断器、１１は界磁放電
抵抗器、１２は初期励磁および電気ブレーキ用コ
ンタクタ、１３は初期励磁および電気ブレーキ用
ダイオードブリツジである。 An example of an electric brake using the conventional thyristor excitation method will be explained with reference to FIG. 1 is a generator,
1A is the field winding, 2 is the electric brake disconnector, 3 is the generator disconnector, 4 is the main transformer, 5 is the instrument transformer, 6 is the excitation transformer, and 7 is the automatic voltage Regulator (AVR), 8 is an ignition circuit, 9 is a thyristor bridge, 10 is a field switch and disconnector, 11 is a field discharge resistor, 12 is a contactor for initial excitation and electric brake, 13 is an initial excitation and This is a diode bridge for electric brakes.
発電機の停止指令により発電機用しや断器３お
よび界磁しや断器１０を開路し、発電機１の界磁
電流を消磁して発電機電圧が残留電圧のみとなつ
たら電気ブレーキ用断路器２を閉路する。次いで
電気ブレーキ用コンタクタ１２を投入して発電機
１の界磁にダイオードブリツジ１３を通して発電
機の定格電流程度の短絡電流が流れる励磁を与え
て電気ブレーキをかける。 In response to the generator stop command, the generator shield breaker 3 and the field shield breaker 10 are opened, and when the field current of the generator 1 is demagnetized and the generator voltage becomes only the residual voltage, the electric brake is activated. Close the disconnector 2. Next, the electric brake contactor 12 is turned on to apply excitation to the field of the generator 1 through the diode bridge 13 to cause a short-circuit current approximately equal to the rated current of the generator to flow, thereby applying an electric brake.
電気ブレーキ時の電流は次式で与えられる。 The current during electric braking is given by the following equation.
Ｉ＝SV／R2＋（Sxd）2Ｖ／xd
ここで
Ｉ：電気ブレーキ時の電流
Ｓ：すべり
Ｖ：発電機電圧
Ｒ：電機子抵抗
xd：同期リアクタンス
これ等従来のサイリスタ励磁方式では発電機の
回転が低下しても励磁電源が確保されているため
上式の電流を継続して流せるので電気ブレーキの
効果が停止まで効果的に動くため従来から採用さ
れている。 I = SV/R 2 + (Sxd) 2 V/xd where I: Current during electric braking S: Slip V: Generator voltage R: Armature resistance xd: Synchronous reactance In these conventional thyristor excitation methods, the generator Even if the rotation of the motor decreases, the excitation power source is secured, so the current of the above formula can continue to flow, so the electric brake is effectively used until it stops, so it has been used in the past.
一方、従来のブラシレス励磁方式の場合の励磁
回路の一例を第４図に示す。１は発電機、１Ａは
この発電機の界磁巻線、３は発電機しや断器、４
は主変圧器、５は計器用変圧器、６は励磁用変圧
器、７は自動電圧調整器（AVR）、８は点弧回
路、９はサイリスタブリツジからなる整流回路、
１０は界磁しや断器、１４はブラシレス交流励磁
機、１５は回転整流器、１６は初期励磁用コンタ
クタ、１７は逆流阻止ダイオード、１８は調整抵
抗器、１９はバツテリである。 On the other hand, an example of an excitation circuit in the case of a conventional brushless excitation method is shown in FIG. 1 is the generator, 1A is the field winding of this generator, 3 is the generator switch, 4 is the generator
is a main transformer, 5 is an instrument transformer, 6 is an excitation transformer, 7 is an automatic voltage regulator (AVR), 8 is an ignition circuit, 9 is a rectifier circuit consisting of a thyristor bridge,
Reference numeral 10 designates a field magnet and disconnector, 14 a brushless AC exciter, 15 a rotary rectifier, 16 a contactor for initial excitation, 17 a backflow blocking diode, 18 an adjustment resistor, and 19 a battery.
従来のこの種のブラシレス励磁装置はスリツプ
リングやブラシが不要のためメインテナンスが容
易であるという利点から多方面で使用されている
が、ブラシレス交流励磁機が発電機に直結されて
いるために回転数が低下すると励磁能力を失うた
め電気ブレーキの効果がないとして電気ブレーキ
の適用ができない欠点があつた。本発明はブラシ
レス励磁方式の場合にも電気ブレーキの効果を生
ぜしめるように回路を工夫して従来のごとき欠点
を除去しようとするものである。
Conventional brushless exciters of this type are used in many fields because they do not require slip rings or brushes and are easy to maintain.However, because the brushless AC exciter is directly connected to the generator, the rotational speed The drawback was that electric brakes could not be used because they lost their excitation ability when the electric current decreased, making them ineffective. The present invention attempts to eliminate the drawbacks of the conventional motor by devising a circuit so as to produce the effect of an electric brake even in the case of a brushless excitation system.
本発明に係る発電機の電気ブレーキ装置は、発
電機のブラシレース励磁装置の界磁電流を供給す
る整流回路を少なくとも発電機運転中は常に励磁
電圧が印加されるように構成することにより、
〔作用〕
従来電気ブレーキの適用ができなかつたブラシ
レス励磁方式の発電機回路にも電気ブレーキの効
果を生せしめるようにした。
The electric brake device for a generator according to the present invention has the following features: [ Effect] The electric brake effect can be applied to the brushless excitation type generator circuit, to which electric brakes could not previously be applied.
以下、本発明の一実施例を図について説明す
る。第１図において、２は電気ブレーキ用断路
器、２０は通常の運転時と初期励磁や電気ブレー
キ時に切換える切換回路、２１は初期励磁や電気
ブレーキ点の点弧角制御回路、２２は回転数検出
回路である。従来の装置の第４図と本発明の一実
施例である第１図の異る点はまず電気ブレーキ用
断路器２を設け、励磁用変圧器６の接続を発電機
しや断器３と主変圧器４の中間に接続して常にサ
イリスタブリツジからなる整流回路９に電圧を印
加した点、更に初期励磁回路を省略し通常の励磁
回路と兼用した点、初期励磁や電気ブレーキ時に
励磁回路を兼用するためにその時の点弧角制御の
ための切換回路２０および制御回路２１を付加し
た点である。
Hereinafter, one embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In Fig. 1, 2 is a disconnector for electric brakes, 20 is a switching circuit for switching during normal operation, initial excitation and electric braking, 21 is a firing angle control circuit for initial excitation and electric brake points, and 22 is a rotation speed detection circuit. It is a circuit. The difference between the conventional device shown in FIG. 4 and the embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. The voltage is always applied to the rectifier circuit 9, which is connected to the middle of the main transformer 4 and consists of a thyristor bridge. Furthermore, the initial excitation circuit is omitted and is used as a normal excitation circuit, and the excitation circuit is used during initial excitation and electric braking. The point is that a switching circuit 20 and a control circuit 21 for controlling the firing angle at that time are added in order to serve both of the functions.
次に動作について説明する。発電機１が図示し
ていない原動機により駆動されて定格速度となれ
ば磁界しや断器１０を投入して発電機電圧を点弧
角制御回路２１から切替回路２０、点弧回路８を
通して初期励磁に適した点弧角となるようにサイ
リスタブリツジからなる整流回路９を制御して電
圧を確立させ電圧、位相、周波数が系統側と合え
ば発電機しや断器３を投入して引続いて切替回路
２０をAVR７側に接続して発電運転に入る。 Next, the operation will be explained. When the generator 1 is driven by a prime mover (not shown) and reaches the rated speed, the magnetic field cutter 10 is turned on and the generator voltage is initially excited through the ignition angle control circuit 21, the switching circuit 20, and the ignition circuit 8. The rectifier circuit 9 consisting of a thyristor bridge is controlled to establish the voltage so that the firing angle is suitable for Then, connect the switching circuit 20 to the AVR 7 side and start power generation operation.
次に電気ブレーキ時の動作について説明する。
停止指令により発電機しや断器３、界磁しや断器
１０を開路し発電機１の端子電圧が残留電圧まで
低下したら電気ブレーキ用断路器２を投入する。
切替回路２０はAVR７側から点弧角制御回路２
１側に切替え、かつ点弧角制御回路２１は電気ブ
レーキに適する点弧角にセツトされた回路に接続
し界磁しや断器１０を投入して発電機１に短絡電
流を電気ブレーキ用断路器２を通して流し電気ブ
レーキをかける。この場合、サイリスタブリツジ
からなる整流回路９には常に励磁電源が与えられ
ているために発電機端子が短絡されても、回転数
が低下しても励磁電源を供給できるので電気ブレ
ーキの効果を生ぜしめることができる。しかし回
転数が低下するとブラシレス励磁機１４の発生電
圧が低下するので電気ブレーキの効果が小さくな
る。そこで更に回転数検出回路２２を付加し回転
数低下と共に点弧角制御回路２１により点弧回路
８を点弧角制御して回転数に逆比例して界磁電流
Ifを増加させてやることにより電気ブレーキの効
果を更に助長してやることができる。 Next, the operation during electric braking will be explained.
A stop command opens the generator breaker 3 and the field breaker 10, and when the terminal voltage of the generator 1 drops to the residual voltage, the electric brake disconnector 2 is turned on.
The switching circuit 20 connects the firing angle control circuit 2 from the AVR 7 side.
1 side, and the ignition angle control circuit 21 is connected to a circuit set to a ignition angle suitable for the electric brake, and the field is turned on and the disconnector 10 is turned on to send the short-circuit current to the generator 1 to disconnect the electric brake. Flow through the container 2 and apply the electric brake. In this case, the excitation power is always supplied to the rectifier circuit 9 consisting of a thyristor bridge, so even if the generator terminals are short-circuited, the excitation power can be supplied even if the rotation speed decreases, so the effect of the electric brake is maintained. can be brought about. However, as the rotational speed decreases, the voltage generated by the brushless exciter 14 decreases, which reduces the effectiveness of the electric brake. Therefore, a rotation speed detection circuit 22 is further added, and as the rotation speed decreases, the firing angle control circuit 21 controls the firing angle of the ignition circuit 8, and the field current is inversely proportional to the rotation speed.
By increasing If, the effect of the electric brake can be further enhanced.
本発明による電気ブレーキの効果を第２図に示
す。縦軸は回転数（P.U.値）、横軸は停止指令か
らの経過時間（秒）を示す。Ａは自然減速の場
合、Ｂは従来の機械ブレーキを20％速度から印加
した場合、Ｃは本発明による電気ブレーキで50％
速度から電気ブレーキを印加し励磁電流Ifを一定
とした場合、Ｄはやはり本発明による電気ブレー
キで50％速度から電気ブレーキを印加し励磁電流
Ifを最大３倍まで回転数に逆比例して増した場合
を示している。 The effect of the electric brake according to the present invention is shown in FIG. The vertical axis shows the rotation speed (PU value), and the horizontal axis shows the elapsed time (seconds) from the stop command. A is natural deceleration, B is when conventional mechanical brake is applied from 20% speed, and C is 50% with electric brake according to the present invention.
When the electric brake is applied from the speed and the excitation current If is constant, D is the electric brake according to the present invention and the electric brake is applied from the 50% speed and the excitation current
This shows the case where If is increased up to 3 times in inverse proportion to the rotation speed.
なお、上記実施例では励磁用変圧器６を発電機
しや断器３と主変圧器３の中間に接続してサイリ
スタブリツジからなる整流回路９に常に励磁用電
圧を印加するようにした例を示したが、整流回路
９を常時電源が確保できる所内電源回路に接続し
ても同様の効果を得ることができる。 In the above embodiment, the excitation transformer 6 is connected between the generator switch 3 and the main transformer 3 so that the excitation voltage is constantly applied to the rectifier circuit 9 consisting of a thyristor bridge. However, the same effect can be obtained even if the rectifier circuit 9 is connected to an in-house power supply circuit that can always ensure power supply.
以上のように、本発明によれば従来は電気ブレ
ーキを適用しても効果がないとして適用されてい
なかつたブラシレス励磁方式の発電機の場合でも
効果的に電気ブレーキを使用することが可能であ
る。
As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to effectively use an electric brake even in the case of a brushless excitation type generator, which was not applied in the past because it was considered ineffective. .
第１図は本発明によるブラシレス励磁方式の発
電機に電気ブレーキ装置を適用した一実施例を示
す接続図、第２図は本発明による発電機の電気ブ
レーキ装置の効果を説明するための停止特性グラ
フ、第３図は従来のサイリスタ励磁方式の発電機
の電気ブレーキ装置の一例を示す接続図、第４図
は従来のブラシレス励磁方式の発電機回路の一例
を示す接続図である。
図において１は発電機、２は電気ブレーキ用断
路器、３は発電機しや断器、４は主変圧器、６は
励磁用変圧器、８は点弧回路、９は整流回路、１
０は界磁しや断器、１４はブラシレス交流励磁
器、２０は切替回路、２１は点弧角制御回路、２
２は回転数検出回路である。なお、各図中同一符
号は同一又は相当部分を示す。
Fig. 1 is a connection diagram showing an example of applying an electric brake device to a brushless excitation type generator according to the present invention, and Fig. 2 shows a stopping characteristic for explaining the effect of the electric brake device for a generator according to the present invention. 3 is a connection diagram showing an example of an electric brake device for a conventional thyristor excitation type generator, and FIG. 4 is a connection diagram showing an example of a conventional brushless excitation type generator circuit. In the figure, 1 is the generator, 2 is the electric brake disconnector, 3 is the generator switch, 4 is the main transformer, 6 is the excitation transformer, 8 is the ignition circuit, 9 is the rectifier circuit, 1
0 is a field magnet and disconnector, 14 is a brushless AC exciter, 20 is a switching circuit, 21 is a firing angle control circuit, 2
2 is a rotation speed detection circuit. Note that the same reference numerals in each figure indicate the same or corresponding parts.
Claims (1)
発電機の電気ブレーキ装置において、 前記発電機の停止時に発電機出力を短絡する断
路器、 常に励磁用電圧が印加されて前記ブラシレス励
磁機の界磁電流を供給するサイリスタブリツジ整
流回路、 前記発電機の回転数を検出する検出回路、 並びに 初期励磁時に前記発電機出力の電圧、位相及び
周波数が系統側に合うように前記前記サイリスタ
ブリツジ整流回路を点弧角制御し、かつ、発電制
動操作時に前記発電機の回転数の低下とともに前
記回転数に逆比例して前記界磁電流を増加させる
ように前記サイリスタブリツジ整流回路を点弧角
制御する制御回路 を備えたことを特徴とする発電機の電気ブレーキ
装置。[Scope of Claims] 1. An electric brake device for a generator that uses a brushless exciter as an excitation device, comprising: a disconnector that short-circuits the generator output when the generator is stopped; an excitation voltage is constantly applied to the brushless excitation; a thyristor bridge rectifier circuit that supplies the field current of the generator; a detection circuit that detects the rotation speed of the generator; The thyristor bridge rectifier circuit is configured to control the firing angle of the bridge rectifier circuit, and to increase the field current in inverse proportion to the rotation speed as the rotation speed of the generator decreases during a dynamic braking operation. An electric brake device for a generator, characterized by comprising a control circuit for controlling a firing angle.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP625485A JPS61164478A (en) | 1985-01-16 | 1985-01-16 | Electric brake device of generator |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP625485A JPS61164478A (en) | 1985-01-16 | 1985-01-16 | Electric brake device of generator |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS61164478A JPS61164478A (en) | 1986-07-25 |
| JPH0524751B2 true JPH0524751B2 (en) | 1993-04-08 |
Family
ID=11633346
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP625485A Granted JPS61164478A (en) | 1985-01-16 | 1985-01-16 | Electric brake device of generator |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS61164478A (en) |
-
1985
- 1985-01-16 JP JP625485A patent/JPS61164478A/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS61164478A (en) | 1986-07-25 |
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