JPH0522565B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0522565B2 JPH0522565B2 JP3333385A JP3333385A JPH0522565B2 JP H0522565 B2 JPH0522565 B2 JP H0522565B2 JP 3333385 A JP3333385 A JP 3333385A JP 3333385 A JP3333385 A JP 3333385A JP H0522565 B2 JPH0522565 B2 JP H0522565B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- resin material
- cavity
- rod
- shaped body
- mold
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 80
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 73
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 73
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000012783 reinforcing fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011342 resin composition Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229920005992 thermoplastic resin Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 description 30
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229920002430 Fibre-reinforced plastic Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011151 fibre-reinforced plastic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012768 molten material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229930182556 Polyacetal Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 229920000265 Polyparaphenylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004734 Polyphenylene sulfide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl chloride Chemical compound ClC=C BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004760 aramid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006231 aramid fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- NJLLQSBAHIKGKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipotassium dioxido(oxo)titanium Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-][Ti]([O-])=O NJLLQSBAHIKGKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011152 fibreglass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000088 plastic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006122 polyamide resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005668 polycarbonate resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004431 polycarbonate resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920013716 polyethylene resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006324 polyoxymethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000069 polyphenylene sulfide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920006230 thermoplastic polyester resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
- B29C45/17—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C45/46—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it into the mould
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
- B29C45/17—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C45/72—Heating or cooling
- B29C45/73—Heating or cooling of the mould
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
- B29C45/17—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C45/72—Heating or cooling
- B29C45/73—Heating or cooling of the mould
- B29C2045/735—Heating or cooling of the mould heating a mould part and cooling another mould part during moulding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
- B29C45/17—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C45/72—Heating or cooling
- B29C45/73—Heating or cooling of the mould
- B29C2045/7356—Heating or cooling of the mould the temperature of the mould being near or higher than the melting temperature or glass transition temperature of the moulding material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
- B29C45/0025—Preventing defects on the moulded article, e.g. weld lines, shrinkage marks
Description
（産業上の利用分野）
本発明は、熱可塑性合成樹脂製棒状体の製造方
法に関する。
（従来の技術）
プラスチツク製ボルトは、例えば、射出成形に
より形成された熱可塑性合成樹脂製の略円柱状素
材を転造加工して得られる。「グラスフアイバー
強化プラスチツク製の高強度ボトル」（日本ねじ
研究協会誌11巻８号1980）によれば、繊維強化プ
ラスチツクを用いて強度に優れたボルト素材を製
造するためには、第一に、例えば、グラスフアイ
バーなどでなる補強繊維をボルト素材軸部の長手
方向に配向させること、第二に、ボルト素材の内
部やその表面にプラスチツク樹脂の固化収縮によ
る巣や引けの発生を防ぐことが重要であることが
記載されている。しかし、従来の射出成形におい
ては、例えば、第４図に示すように、成形用金型
１００に充填される溶融プラスチツく樹脂材が微
小なゲート１０１から金型キヤビテイ１０２内に
高速充填されるため、樹脂材の流れはキヤビテイ
１０２内で極端な拡大流となる。そのために、得
られるボルト素材１０３軸部１０４の補強繊維は
軸方向に均一に配向しない。その結果、このボル
ト素材１０３のが転造されて得られる繊維強化プ
ラスチツクボルトはボルトに必要な充分な強度を
有し得ない。
上記成形用金型１００においては、また、ボル
ト素材軸部１０４の成形長さの変更は、キヤビテ
イ１０２内に挿入された突出ピン１０６の長さを
変えるか、あるいは突出ピン１０６の挿入位置を
変えることにより行われるため、ゲート１０１を
ボルト素材頭部１０５に設けねばならない。した
がつて、ゲート１０１からキヤビテイ１０２内に
注入充填される樹脂材は、ボルト素材頭部１０５
用キヤビテイ部から流入しボルト素材軸部１０４
用キヤビテイ部の端部１０７において上記突出ピ
ン１０６に突き当たる。それゆえ、補強繊維を含
有する樹脂材を用いて射出成形を行つた場合、得
られるボルト素材１０３には、第５図に示すよう
に、軸部端部１０７付近の補強繊維１０８がボル
ト素材１０３の軸長手方向に垂直に配向する。そ
れゆえ、ボルト素材１０３の軸部端部１０７は極
めて強度が劣つたものとなる。さらに、ボルト素
材軸部１０４の部位により補強繊維１０８の配向
状態が異なるため、溶融樹脂材の冷却固化の際の
固化収縮が不均一となる。したがつて、ボルト素
材１０３の寸法精度が著しく損なわれる。上記の
ようなボルト素材１０３に転造加工によりねじ部
を形成して得られたボルトはねじの各位置により
ナツトとの嵌合性が異なるため、精度が極めて劣
つたものとなる。
さらに、上記成形用金型１００においては、通
常、ゲート１０１近傍の樹脂材がキヤビテイ部の
樹脂材よりも早く固化する傾向にある。したがつ
て、キヤビテイ部における成形樹脂材内部に固化
収縮に起因する巣や引けが発生する。特に、ボル
ト素材１０３の頭部１０５は厚肉であるため、こ
の頭部１０５に巣や引けが発生し易い。このよう
なボルト素材１０３から得られる繊維強化プラス
チツクボルトは頭部１０５が破損しやすい。溶融
樹脂材が固化するときの体積収縮は、樹脂材に充
填材を添加することにより緩和し得るが、ゼロに
はならない。
このような問題を解消するために、特公昭35−
17679号公報には、一定断面を有する棒状体成形
用キヤビテイ内へ溶融材料をピストンで加圧しつ
つ注入し、この溶融材料をその先端から順次冷却
させてゆく方法が開示されている。しかしなが
ら、この方法は一定断面を有する棒状体のみが製
造されるにすぎない。しかも、棒状体成形品を金
型キヤビテイから取り出すには、金型を成形機か
ら取りはずさねばならないため、その作業が繁雑
で生産性に劣る。
（発明が解決しようとする問題点）
本発明は上記従来技術の問題点を解決するもの
であり、その目的とするところは、成形品内部あ
るいは表面に巣や引けの発生を極小にし強度およ
び寸法精度に優れた熱可塑性合成樹脂製棒状体の
製造方法を提供することにある。本発明の他の目
的は、補強繊維が軸長手方向に均一に配向し、強
度および寸法精度に優れた熱可塑性合成樹脂製棒
状体の製造方法を提供することにある。本発明の
さらに他の目的は、成形品の長さを容易に変更し
得る熱可塑性合成樹脂製棒状体の製造方法を提供
することにある。
（問題点を解決するための手段）
本発明の熱可塑性合成樹脂製棒状体の製造方法
は、(1)成形樹脂材を加熱溶融する工程、(2)該溶融
樹脂材を加圧しつつ棒状体用金型のキヤビテイ部
へ注入充填する工程、(3)該キヤビテイ部の所望領
域を樹脂材の融点以上の温度に保持する工程、(4)
該キヤビテイ部の残部領域を樹脂材の融点未満の
温度に冷却保持し該樹脂材を後続の樹脂材の充填
圧で加圧しつつ固化する工程、(5)該樹脂材の冷却
固化終了後該充填圧を除去する工程、(6)該キヤビ
テイ部にて形成される所望の棒状成形品を該キヤ
ビテイ部から系外へ排出する工程を包含し、その
ことにより上記目的が達成される。
本発明は、溶融樹脂材が常時加圧された状態で
溶融領域および冷却領域を有する金型キヤビテイ
部に供給されること特徴とする。それにより、得
られる成形品には巣や引けの発生が極小となる。
補強繊維を混入した樹脂材を用いたときには、補
強繊維が棒状体の長手方向に均一に配向する。棒
状体の長さも任意に設定しうる。
（実施例）
以下に本発明を実施例について述べる。
本発明の製造方法を具体化する成形装置の一例
を第１図および第２図に示す。成形装置は射出成
形機１と射出成形機１の枠体に取り付けられる棒
状体用金型２とでなる。射出成形機１としては、
通常、射出成形に用いられる射出成形機が適宜使
用される。例えば、プランジヤー（ラム）式射出
成形機、スクリユープリプラ式射出成形機、イン
ラインスクリユー式射出成形機あるいはベント式
射出成形機などでなる。
金型２は、固定側取付板２１と、固定側取付板
２１に気液密状に係合される固定側型板２２と、
可動側型板２３とで構成される。固定側取付板２
１は射出成形機１の枠体に支持固定される。固定
側取付板２１は、その内部にスプルー部２１１お
よびランナー部２１２有する。スプルー部２１１
の一端開口部はノズルタツチ部２１３を形成し射
出成形機１のノズル部１１に液密状に係合され、
そして他端開口部はランナー部２１２連結され
る。ランナー部２１２の他端開口部は、例えば、
五つに分枝し、それぞれ樹脂流出口２１４を構成
し固定側型板２２のキヤビテイ部２２０に連結さ
れる。固定側取付板２１の内部もしくは周囲に
は、例えば、ヒーターなどでなる加熱手段２１５
が設けられ、それにより固定側取付板２１は樹脂
材３の融点以上の温度に加熱される。したがつ
て、溶融樹脂材３はスプルー部２１１およびラン
ナー部２１２で固化することなく、常に射出成形
機１の充填圧によつて固定側型板２２のキヤビテ
イ部２２０に補充されるため、キヤビテイ部２２
０に注入充填された樹脂材３内部や表面には巣や
引けが発生しにくくなる。
固定側型板２２のキヤビテイ部２２０は、それ
ぞれ、例えば、棒状体３０の軸部３１を形成しう
るよう円柱形状をなす。キヤビテイ部２２０の他
端開口部２２１は、それぞれ可動側型板２３のキ
ヤビテイ部２３０に連結されている。固定側型板
２２の内部もしくは周囲には、加熱手段２２２お
よび冷却手段２２３が設けられている。これらの
加熱手段２２２および冷却手段２２３はそれぞれ
が独立した複数対のヒーターおよび冷却水循環管
もしくはオイル循環管などで構成される。
可動側型板２３は、金型２の型締め時にそのキ
ヤビテイ部２３０が上記固定側型板２２のキヤビ
テイ部２２０の開口部２２１に整合しうるよう射
出成形機１の枠体に移動可能なように取り付けら
れる。可動側型板キヤビテイ部２３０は棒状体３
０の頭部３２を形成しうるよう、例えば、六角柱
状をなす。さらに、キヤビテイ部２３０にはアン
ダーカツトが施されており、金型２の型開き時に
形成された棒状体３０が可動側型板２３と共に後
退して固定側型板２２から円滑に排出されうる。
キヤビテイ部２３０の他端開口部２３１には、突
出ピン２３２が液密状に摺動可能に設けられてい
る。この突出ピン２３２前進させることにより棒
状体３０は可動側型板２３から排出される。この
突出ピン２３２は、例えば、突出し板２３３など
を介してエジエクターロツド２３４に連結されて
いる。可動側型板２３には、例えば、冷却水循環
管もしくはオイル循環管などでなる冷却手段２３
５が設けられている。この冷却手段２３５により
キヤビテイ部２３０は樹脂材３の融点以下の温度
に保持される。
上記金型２にキヤビテイ部のうち固定側型板２
２のキヤビテイ部２２０の所定領域Ａは、射出成
形機１より充填された溶融樹脂材３を加熱手段２
２２にて樹脂材３の融点以上の温度に保持する領
域である。キヤビテイ部２２０の残りの領域B1
と可動側型板２３のキヤビテイ部２３０の領域
B2とで構成される残部領域Ｂは冷却手段２２３
および２３５にて樹脂材３を融点未満の温度に保
持する領域である。それゆえ、溶融樹脂材３は残
部領域Ｂまでは固化することなく、常に射出成形
機１充填圧によつて残部領域Ｂに補充される。そ
のため、固定側型板２２のキヤビテイ部２２０お
よび可動側型板２３のキヤビテイ部２３０の内部
や表面には巣や引けが発生しにくくなる。固定側
型板２２のキヤビテイ部２２０の温度調節は、ど
の位置の加熱手段２２２を作動させるか、そして
どの位置の冷却手段２２３を作動させるかにより
任意に行われうる。したがつて領域B1の長さは
棒状体３０の軸部３１の長さに合わせて任意に調
節しうる。また、残部領域Ｂの温度が射出成形機
１側から先端に向かつて漸次低くなるように温度
勾配を設ければ、溶融樹脂材３の冷却固化効果が
より速やかに達成されうる。
本発明により製造される棒状体３０は、その形
状が少なくとも円柱状形状部を有し、固定側型板
２２のキヤビテイ部２２０から前方は脱型可能な
形状であれば任意の形状が採用され得る。
本発明に用いる成形樹脂材３は、熱可塑製合成
樹脂で構成される。熱可塑性合成樹脂としては、
例えば、ポリアミド樹脂、熱可塑性ポリエステル
樹脂、ポリアセタール樹脂、ポリカーボネート樹
脂、ポリプロピレン樹脂、ポリエチレン樹脂、塩
化ビニル樹脂、ポリフエニレン樹脂あるいはポリ
フエニレンスルフイド樹脂などでなる。これらの
合成樹脂は単一あるいは２種以上の混合物の形で
使用される。また、熱可塑性合成樹脂には、充填
材として、例えば、ガラス繊維、炭素繊維、アラ
ミド繊維、チタン酸カリウム繊維、アルミナ繊
維、ボロン繊維、炭化ケイ素繊維あるいは各種の
金属繊維など、通常、熱可塑性樹脂の補強用に使
用される既知の繊維が混入されてもよい。これら
の充填材は単一あるいは２種以上の混合物の形で
使用される。また熱可塑性合成樹脂には、各種の
成形助剤あるいは樹脂改質剤などが適宜添加され
うる。
（作用）
上記成形装置は、次のように機能する。まず、
棒状体用金型２を射出成形機１の枠体に取り付け
る。このとき、固定側取付板２１と固定型板２２
とは気液密状に係合されている。次いで、射出成
形機１の型締機構により、可動側型板２３が固定
側型板２２に液密状に係合される。樹脂材３は射
出成形機１のホツパー１２からシリンダー部１３
内へ供給されシリンダー部１３の、例えば、スク
リユーやヒーターなどでなる可塑化機構１４によ
り均一に溶融可塑化される。樹脂材３に充填材を
添加する場合は、充填材と熱可塑性合成樹脂とが
別々にホツパー１２に供給されシリンダー部１３
で溶融可塑化されるか、または、充填材と合成樹
脂とをあらかじめ混練しペレツト状に成形したも
のがホツパー１２に供給される。
次いで、射出成形機１のシリンダー部１３先端
のノズル１１が金型固定側取付板２１のノズルタ
ツチ部２１３に液密状に係合される。シリンダー
部１３内で溶融可塑化された樹脂材３は可塑化機
構１４のスクリユーによつて固定側型板２１のス
プルー部２１１およびランナー部２１２を通り、
固定側型板２２のキヤビテイ部２２０に注入充填
される。このときの射出成形機１の射出圧および
射出速度などの射出条件は、使用される樹脂材３
の性質および成形される棒状体３０の形状や寸法
などから適宜決定される。
溶融樹脂材３は固定側取付板２１のスプルー部
２１１およびランナー部２１２、そして固定側型
板２２のキヤビテイ部２２０の領域Ａでは加熱手
段２１５および２２２にて樹脂材３の融点以上の
温度に保持される。それゆえ、溶融樹脂材３はこ
れらの部分で固化されることなく固定側型板キヤ
ビテイ部２２０および可動側型板キヤビテイ部２
３０で構成される領域Ｂに供給される。他方、領
域Ｂでは、溶融樹脂材３は冷却手段２２３および
２３５により樹脂材３の融点以下の温度に保持さ
れ、冷却固化される。したがつて、領域Ｂの溶融
樹脂材３は固化されるまで、常時、射出成形機１
の充填圧により加圧状態にある。それゆえ、溶融
樹脂材３の逆流が防止される、と同時に冷却固化
により生ずる樹脂材３の体積収縮分が後続の溶融
樹脂材３により引き続き領域Ｂに補充されうる。
それにより、成形された棒状体３０の内部や表面
には巣や引けの発生が極小となり、かつ寸法精度
が高い。固定側型板２２の加熱手段２２２および
冷却手段２２３適宜作動することにより任意の長
さの軸部長を有する棒状体成形品３０を得ること
ができる。領域Ｂの温度が射出成形機１側から先
端に向かつて漸次低くなるように温度勾配を設け
れば、溶融樹脂材３の冷却固化効果がより速やか
に達成される。それにより、巣や引けの発生がよ
り効果的に防止される。また、従来の射出成形用
金型のように溶融樹脂材が微小なゲートを通りキ
ヤビテイ部へ充填されることがないため、領域Ａ
から領域Ｂへ流入する溶融樹脂材３は定常状態を
保持しつつ流入しうる。したがつて、樹脂材３に
充填材として補強繊維を混入した場合は、補強繊
維がラジアル方向に配向することなくキヤビテイ
軸方向に確実かつ均一に配向する。それゆえ、成
形された棒状体３０は強度に優れ、かつ寸法精度
が高い。
領域Ｂ内の樹脂材３の冷却固化終了御、射出成
形機１内の、例えば、スクリユーなどの作動を停
止し充填圧を除去する。これは、金型２の型開き
を行い成形された棒状体３０をキヤビテイ部２２
０から排出させる際に、後続の成形樹脂材３が領
域Ａに流入するのを防止するためである。上記ス
クリユーを後退もしくは逆回転させることにより
充填圧の除去がより効果的に行われる。
次いで、可動側型板２３を後退させ型開きを行
う。このとき、可動側型板２３のキヤビテイ部２
３０にはアンダーカツトが施されているので成形
された棒状体３０は可動側型板２３と共に固定側
型板２２のキヤビテイ部２２０から排出される。
次いで、エジエクターロツド２３４を前進させる
ことにより、棒状体３０は突出ピン２３２にて可
動側型板キヤビテイ部２３０から系外へ排出され
る。脱型が終了した後、再び金型２の型閉めを行
い次の溶融樹脂材３の領域Ｂ内への注入充填に備
える。
（実施例）
上記棒状体用金型２をインラインスクリユー式
射出成形機（東芝機械社製IS−140BV）に取り
付け、第３図に示すように、Ｃ＝100mmの棒状体
３０を本発明方法により製造した。このとき、使
用した樹脂材３、金型２各部の温度および充填圧
を下表に示す。
(Industrial Application Field) The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a rod-shaped body made of thermoplastic synthetic resin. (Prior Art) A plastic bolt is obtained, for example, by rolling a substantially cylindrical material made of thermoplastic synthetic resin formed by injection molding. According to "High Strength Bottle Made of Glass Fiber Reinforced Plastic" (Journal of the Japan Screw Research Association Vol. 11, No. 8, 1980), in order to manufacture a bolt material with excellent strength using fiber reinforced plastic, the first step is to For example, it is important to orient reinforcing fibers such as glass fibers in the longitudinal direction of the shaft of the bolt material.Secondly, it is important to prevent the formation of cavities and shrinkage due to solidification and shrinkage of the plastic resin inside and on the bolt material. It is stated that However, in conventional injection molding, for example, as shown in FIG. 4, the molten plastic or resin material filled into the molding die 100 is filled at high speed into the mold cavity 102 through a minute gate 101. , the flow of the resin material becomes an extremely expanded flow within the cavity 102. Therefore, the reinforcing fibers of the shaft portion 104 of the bolt material 103 obtained are not uniformly oriented in the axial direction. As a result, the fiber-reinforced plastic bolt obtained by rolling the bolt material 103 cannot have sufficient strength necessary for the bolt. In the above molding die 100, the length of the bolt material shaft 104 to be molded can be changed by changing the length of the protruding pin 106 inserted into the cavity 102 or by changing the insertion position of the protruding pin 106. Therefore, the gate 101 must be provided on the bolt blank head 105. Therefore, the resin material injected into the cavity 102 from the gate 101 is applied to the bolt material head 105.
Bolt material shank 104 flows from the cavity for
The end portion 107 of the cavity portion abuts against the protruding pin 106. Therefore, when injection molding is performed using a resin material containing reinforcing fibers, the resulting bolt material 103 has reinforcing fibers 108 near the shaft end 107, as shown in FIG. oriented perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the axis. Therefore, the shaft end 107 of the bolt material 103 has extremely low strength. Further, since the orientation of the reinforcing fibers 108 differs depending on the portion of the bolt material shaft portion 104, the solidification shrinkage when the molten resin material is cooled and solidified becomes non-uniform. Therefore, the dimensional accuracy of the bolt material 103 is significantly impaired. A bolt obtained by forming a threaded portion on the bolt material 103 as described above by rolling processing has extremely low accuracy because the fitability with the nut differs depending on the position of the thread. Furthermore, in the above molding die 100, the resin material near the gate 101 usually tends to solidify faster than the resin material in the cavity portion. Therefore, cavities and shrinkage occur inside the molded resin material in the cavity portion due to solidification and shrinkage. In particular, since the head 105 of the bolt material 103 is thick, cavities and shrinkage are likely to occur in the head 105. The head 105 of a fiber-reinforced plastic bolt obtained from such a bolt material 103 is easily damaged. Volumetric shrinkage when a molten resin material solidifies can be alleviated by adding a filler to the resin material, but it cannot be reduced to zero. In order to solve such problems, the special public
Japanese Patent No. 17679 discloses a method in which a molten material is injected into a cavity for molding a rod-shaped body having a constant cross section while being pressurized by a piston, and the molten material is sequentially cooled from its tip. However, this method only produces rod-shaped bodies with a constant cross section. Moreover, in order to take out the rod-shaped molded product from the mold cavity, the mold must be removed from the molding machine, which is a complicated operation and reduces productivity. (Problems to be Solved by the Invention) The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and its purpose is to minimize the occurrence of cavities and shrinkage inside or on the surface of molded products, and to improve strength and dimension. An object of the present invention is to provide a method for manufacturing a rod-shaped body made of thermoplastic synthetic resin with excellent precision. Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a rod-shaped body made of thermoplastic synthetic resin, in which reinforcing fibers are uniformly oriented in the longitudinal direction of the axis, and has excellent strength and dimensional accuracy. Still another object of the present invention is to provide a method for manufacturing a rod-shaped body made of thermoplastic synthetic resin, which allows the length of the molded article to be easily changed. (Means for Solving the Problems) The method for producing a rod-shaped body made of thermoplastic synthetic resin of the present invention includes (1) heating and melting a molded resin material, (2) pressurizing the molten resin material while forming a rod-shaped body. a step of injecting and filling the resin material into the cavity of the mold; (3) a step of maintaining a desired region of the cavity at a temperature higher than the melting point of the resin material; (4)
a step of cooling and maintaining the remaining region of the cavity at a temperature below the melting point of the resin material and solidifying the resin material while pressurizing it with the filling pressure of the subsequent resin material; (5) filling the resin material after cooling and solidifying the resin material; The above object is achieved by including the steps of removing the pressure, and (6) discharging the desired rod-shaped molded product formed in the cavity from the cavity to the outside of the system. The present invention is characterized in that the molten resin material is supplied under constant pressure to a mold cavity portion having a melting region and a cooling region. Thereby, the occurrence of cavities and shrinkage in the obtained molded product is minimized.
When a resin material mixed with reinforcing fibers is used, the reinforcing fibers are uniformly oriented in the longitudinal direction of the rod-shaped body. The length of the rod-like body can also be set arbitrarily. (Example) The present invention will be described below with reference to Examples. An example of a molding apparatus embodying the manufacturing method of the present invention is shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. The molding apparatus consists of an injection molding machine 1 and a rod-shaped body mold 2 attached to the frame of the injection molding machine 1. As the injection molding machine 1,
Usually, an injection molding machine used for injection molding is used as appropriate. For example, it may be a plunger (ram) type injection molding machine, a screw pre-plastic type injection molding machine, an in-line screw type injection molding machine, or a vent type injection molding machine. The mold 2 includes a fixed side mounting plate 21, a fixed side mold plate 22 that is engaged with the fixed side mounting plate 21 in an air-liquid tight manner,
It is composed of a movable side mold plate 23. Fixed side mounting plate 2
1 is supported and fixed to the frame of the injection molding machine 1. The fixed side mounting plate 21 has a sprue portion 211 and a runner portion 212 therein. Sprue part 211
One end opening forms a nozzle touch part 213 and is engaged with the nozzle part 11 of the injection molding machine 1 in a liquid-tight manner,
The opening at the other end is connected to the runner section 212. The other end opening of the runner portion 212 is, for example,
It branches into five parts, each forming a resin outlet 214 and connected to the cavity part 220 of the stationary template 22. A heating means 215 such as a heater is provided inside or around the fixed side mounting plate 21.
is provided, whereby the fixed side mounting plate 21 is heated to a temperature equal to or higher than the melting point of the resin material 3. Therefore, the molten resin material 3 is not solidified in the sprue section 211 and the runner section 212, and is always replenished into the cavity section 220 of the fixed side template 22 by the filling pressure of the injection molding machine 1, so that the cavity section 22
It becomes difficult for cavities and shrinkage to occur inside and on the surface of the resin material 3 injected and filled. The cavity portions 220 of the stationary template 22 each have a cylindrical shape so as to form the shaft portion 31 of the rod-shaped body 30, for example. The other end openings 221 of the cavity portions 220 are connected to the cavity portions 230 of the movable mold plate 23, respectively. A heating means 222 and a cooling means 223 are provided inside or around the stationary template 22 . These heating means 222 and cooling means 223 each include a plurality of independent pairs of heaters, a cooling water circulation pipe, an oil circulation pipe, or the like. The movable mold plate 23 is movable to the frame of the injection molding machine 1 so that its cavity part 230 can be aligned with the opening 221 of the cavity part 220 of the fixed mold plate 22 when the mold 2 is clamped. can be attached to. The movable template cavity part 230 is a rod-shaped body 3
For example, it has a hexagonal column shape so that the head 32 of 0 can be formed. Further, the cavity portion 230 is provided with an undercut, so that the rod-shaped body 30 formed when the mold 2 is opened can retreat together with the movable mold plate 23 and be smoothly ejected from the fixed mold plate 22.
A protruding pin 232 is slidably provided in the other end opening 231 of the cavity portion 230 in a liquid-tight manner. By moving this protruding pin 232 forward, the rod-shaped body 30 is ejected from the movable mold plate 23. This protruding pin 232 is connected to an ejector rod 234 via, for example, a protruding plate 233. The movable template 23 is provided with a cooling means 23 such as a cooling water circulation pipe or an oil circulation pipe.
5 is provided. The cooling means 235 maintains the cavity portion 230 at a temperature below the melting point of the resin material 3. Fixed side mold plate 2 of the cavity part in the mold 2 above.
A predetermined area A of the cavity part 220 of No. 2 is heated by the heating means 2. The molten resin material 3 filled from the injection molding machine 1
22, the temperature is maintained at a temperature higher than the melting point of the resin material 3. Remaining area B 1 of cavity part 220
and the area of the cavity part 230 of the movable template 23
The remaining area B consisting of the cooling means 223
and 235 is a region in which the resin material 3 is maintained at a temperature below its melting point. Therefore, the molten resin material 3 is always replenished into the remaining area B by the filling pressure of the injection molding machine 1 without being solidified up to the remaining area B. Therefore, cavities and shrinkage are less likely to occur inside and on the surfaces of the cavity portion 220 of the stationary mold plate 22 and the cavity portion 230 of the movable mold plate 23. The temperature of the cavity portion 220 of the stationary mold plate 22 can be adjusted arbitrarily depending on which position of the heating means 222 is activated and which position of the cooling means 223 is activated. Therefore, the length of the region B 1 can be arbitrarily adjusted according to the length of the shaft portion 31 of the rod-shaped body 30. Moreover, if a temperature gradient is provided so that the temperature of the remaining region B gradually decreases from the side of the injection molding machine 1 toward the tip, the effect of cooling and solidifying the molten resin material 3 can be achieved more quickly. The rod-shaped body 30 manufactured according to the present invention may have any shape as long as it has at least a cylindrical shape and the front part from the cavity part 220 of the stationary template 22 can be removed from the mold. . The molded resin material 3 used in the present invention is made of thermoplastic synthetic resin. As a thermoplastic synthetic resin,
For example, it is made of polyamide resin, thermoplastic polyester resin, polyacetal resin, polycarbonate resin, polypropylene resin, polyethylene resin, vinyl chloride resin, polyphenylene resin, or polyphenylene sulfide resin. These synthetic resins may be used singly or in the form of a mixture of two or more. In addition, thermoplastic synthetic resins are usually filled with fillers such as glass fibers, carbon fibers, aramid fibers, potassium titanate fibers, alumina fibers, boron fibers, silicon carbide fibers, and various metal fibers. Known fibers used for reinforcement may be incorporated. These fillers may be used singly or in the form of a mixture of two or more. Furthermore, various molding aids or resin modifiers may be added to the thermoplastic synthetic resin as appropriate. (Function) The above molding device functions as follows. first,
A rod-shaped body mold 2 is attached to the frame of the injection molding machine 1. At this time, the fixed side mounting plate 21 and the fixed mold plate 22
and are engaged in an air-liquid tight manner. Next, the movable mold plate 23 is liquid-tightly engaged with the stationary mold plate 22 by the mold clamping mechanism of the injection molding machine 1. The resin material 3 is transferred from the hopper 12 to the cylinder part 13 of the injection molding machine 1.
The resin is supplied into the cylinder portion 13 and is uniformly melted and plasticized by a plasticizing mechanism 14 that includes, for example, a screw or a heater. When adding a filler to the resin material 3, the filler and the thermoplastic synthetic resin are separately supplied to the hopper 12 and then transferred to the cylinder section 13.
Either the filler and the synthetic resin are kneaded in advance and formed into a pellet, which is then supplied to the hopper 12. Next, the nozzle 11 at the tip of the cylinder section 13 of the injection molding machine 1 is engaged with the nozzle touch section 213 of the mold fixed side mounting plate 21 in a liquid-tight manner. The resin material 3 melted and plasticized in the cylinder part 13 passes through the sprue part 211 and the runner part 212 of the stationary template 21 by the screw of the plasticizing mechanism 14,
The cavity portion 220 of the stationary template 22 is injected and filled. The injection conditions such as the injection pressure and injection speed of the injection molding machine 1 at this time are as follows:
It is determined as appropriate based on the properties of the rod-shaped body 30 and the shape and dimensions of the rod-shaped body 30 to be molded. The molten resin material 3 is maintained at a temperature equal to or higher than the melting point of the resin material 3 in the sprue portion 211 and runner portion 212 of the fixed side mounting plate 21 and in the area A of the cavity portion 220 of the fixed side mold plate 22 by heating means 215 and 222. be done. Therefore, the molten resin material 3 is not solidified in these parts, and flows into the fixed side mold plate cavity part 220 and the movable side mold plate cavity part 2.
30. On the other hand, in region B, the molten resin material 3 is maintained at a temperature below the melting point of the resin material 3 by the cooling means 223 and 235, and is cooled and solidified. Therefore, the molten resin material 3 in the area B is always kept in the injection molding machine 1 until it is solidified.
It is in a pressurized state due to the filling pressure of . Therefore, the backflow of the molten resin material 3 is prevented, and at the same time, the volumetric shrinkage of the resin material 3 caused by cooling and solidification can be continuously replenished into the region B by the subsequent molten resin material 3.
As a result, the occurrence of cavities and shrinkage inside and on the surface of the molded rod-shaped body 30 is minimized, and dimensional accuracy is high. By appropriately operating the heating means 222 and the cooling means 223 of the stationary template 22, it is possible to obtain a rod-shaped molded product 30 having an arbitrary length of shaft length. If a temperature gradient is provided so that the temperature in region B gradually decreases from the side of the injection molding machine 1 toward the tip, the effect of cooling and solidifying the molten resin material 3 can be achieved more quickly. Thereby, the occurrence of nests and shrinkage can be more effectively prevented. In addition, unlike in conventional injection molds, the molten resin material does not pass through a minute gate and fill into the cavity.
The molten resin material 3 flowing into the region B can flow while maintaining a steady state. Therefore, when reinforcing fibers are mixed into the resin material 3 as a filler, the reinforcing fibers are reliably and uniformly oriented in the cavity axis direction without being oriented in the radial direction. Therefore, the molded rod-shaped body 30 has excellent strength and high dimensional accuracy. After cooling and solidifying the resin material 3 in area B, the operation of, for example, the screw in the injection molding machine 1 is stopped and the filling pressure is removed. This is done by opening the mold 2 and transferring the molded rod-shaped body 30 to the cavity part 22.
This is to prevent the subsequent molded resin material 3 from flowing into the area A when discharging the molded resin material 3 from 0. Filling pressure can be removed more effectively by retracting or rotating the screw in the opposite direction. Next, the movable mold plate 23 is moved back to open the mold. At this time, the cavity part 2 of the movable template 23
30 is provided with an undercut, the molded rod-shaped body 30 is discharged from the cavity portion 220 of the stationary template 22 together with the movable template 23.
Next, by advancing the ejector rod 234, the rod-shaped body 30 is ejected from the movable mold plate cavity portion 230 to the outside of the system by the projecting pin 232. After demolding is completed, the mold 2 is closed again to prepare for the next injection and filling of the molten resin material 3 into the area B. (Example) The above mold 2 for a rod-shaped object was attached to an in-line screw type injection molding machine (IS-140BV manufactured by Toshiba Machine Co., Ltd.), and as shown in FIG. Manufactured by. The temperature and filling pressure of each part of the resin material 3 and mold 2 used at this time are shown in the table below.
【表】
成形された棒状体３０の縦断面を顕微鏡観察あ
るいは目視観察したところ、いずれも巣や引けは
全く認められなかつた。また、実験例No.および
No.の樹脂により得られた棒状体３０の横断面中
央部から厚さ0.5mmの縦断面試料を作製し、Ｘ線
観察にてガラス繊維の配向状態を調べた。いずれ
も、ガラス繊維は軸の長手方向に均一に配向して
いた。
（比較例）
実験例No.〜とそれぞれ同じ温度条件に保た
れた金型２内にそれぞれ同じ樹脂材３を注入充填
した後、射出成形機のスクリユーの作動を止め充
填圧をゼロとして金型２内の樹脂材３を固化させ
て棒状体成形品を製造した。成形された棒状体の
縦断面を同様に顕微鏡観察あるいは目視観察した
ところいずれも巣や引けが認められた。ガラス繊
維の配向状態も不均一であつた。
（発明の効果）
本発明の製造方法によれば、このように、溶融
樹脂材が常時加圧された状態で溶融領域および冷
却領域を有する金型キヤビテイ部に供給されるの
で、成形品内部あるいは表面の巣や引けは極小と
なる。補強繊維を混入し樹脂材を用いたときに
は、補強繊維が棒状体軸部の長手方向に均一に配
向するため、優れた強度および寸法精度を有する
棒状体を得ることができる。また、金型に設けら
れた加熱手段および冷却手段を適宜調節すること
により所望の長さの棒状体を得ることができる。[Table] When the longitudinal section of the molded rod-shaped body 30 was observed under a microscope or visually, no cavities or shrinkage were observed. Also, experimental example No. and
A longitudinal section sample with a thickness of 0.5 mm was prepared from the center of the cross section of the rod-shaped body 30 obtained using the resin No., and the orientation state of the glass fibers was examined by X-ray observation. In both cases, the glass fibers were uniformly oriented in the longitudinal direction of the shaft. (Comparative example) After injecting and filling the same resin material 3 into the molds 2 maintained at the same temperature conditions as in experimental example No. ~, the operation of the screw of the injection molding machine was stopped, the filling pressure was set to zero, and the molds were The resin material 3 in 2 was solidified to produce a rod-shaped molded product. Similar microscopic or visual observation of the longitudinal section of the molded rod-shaped body revealed cavities and shrinkage in both cases. The orientation of the glass fibers was also non-uniform. (Effects of the Invention) According to the manufacturing method of the present invention, the molten resin material is supplied to the mold cavity portion having the melting region and the cooling region in a constantly pressurized state. Cavities and shrinkage on the surface are minimal. When a resin material mixed with reinforcing fibers is used, the reinforcing fibers are uniformly oriented in the longitudinal direction of the shaft portion of the rod-shaped body, so that a rod-shaped body having excellent strength and dimensional accuracy can be obtained. Further, a rod-shaped body having a desired length can be obtained by appropriately adjusting the heating means and cooling means provided in the mold.
第１図および第２図は、それぞれ本発明製造方
法の一実施例を具体化する成形装置の一例を示す
要部断面図、第３図は上記装置を用いて製造した
棒状体の一例を示す正面図、第４図は従来の射出
成形用金型の一例を示す要部断面図、第５図は上
記金型を用いて製造した棒状体の一例を示す部分
断面図である。
１……射出成形機、２……棒状体用金型、３…
…成形樹脂材、２１……固定側取付板、２２……
固定側型板、２３……可動側型板、３０……棒状
体、２２０，２３０……キヤビテイ部、２１５，
２２２……加熱手段、２２３，２３５……冷却手
段。
FIGS. 1 and 2 are sectional views of essential parts showing an example of a molding apparatus embodying an embodiment of the manufacturing method of the present invention, respectively, and FIG. 3 shows an example of a rod-shaped body manufactured using the above-mentioned apparatus. FIG. 4 is a front view, FIG. 4 is a sectional view of a main part of an example of a conventional injection mold, and FIG. 5 is a partial sectional view of an example of a rod-shaped body manufactured using the above mold. 1...Injection molding machine, 2...Mold for rod-shaped body, 3...
... Molded resin material, 21 ... Fixed side mounting plate, 22 ...
Fixed side template, 23... Movable side template, 30... Rod-shaped body, 220, 230... Cavity part, 215,
222... heating means, 223, 235... cooling means.
Claims (1)
ヤビテイ部へ注入充填する工程、 (3) 該キヤビテイ部の所望領域を樹脂材の融点以
上の温度に保持する工程、 (4) 該キヤビテイ部の残部領域を樹脂材の融点未
満の温度に冷却保持し該樹脂材を後続の樹脂材
の充填圧で加圧しつつ固化する工程、 (5) 該樹脂材の冷却固化終了後該充填圧を除去す
る工程、 (6) 該キヤビテイ部にて形成される所望の棒状体
成形品を該キヤビテイ部から系体へ排出する工
程 を包含する熱可塑性合成樹脂製棒状体の製造方
法。 ２ 前記樹脂材は補強繊維を含有する熱可塑性樹
脂組成物である特許請求の範囲第１項に記載の製
造方法。 ３ 前記金型の所定位置各々が独立した複数対の
加熱手段と冷却手段とが配置された特許請求の範
囲第１項に記載の製造方法。 ４ 前記キヤビテイ部の残部領域が温度勾配を有
する特許請求の範囲第１項に記載の製造方法。[Scope of Claims] 1 (1) A step of heating and melting the molded resin material, (2) A step of injecting and filling the molten resin material into a cavity portion of a mold for a rod-shaped body while pressurizing it, (3) The cavity portion (4) Cooling and maintaining the remaining region of the cavity at a temperature below the melting point of the resin material, and pressurizing the resin material with the subsequent filling pressure of the resin material; (5) removing the filling pressure after cooling and solidifying the resin material; (6) transferring the desired rod-shaped molded product formed in the cavity from the cavity to the system; A method for producing a rod-shaped body made of thermoplastic synthetic resin, including a step of discharging it. 2. The manufacturing method according to claim 1, wherein the resin material is a thermoplastic resin composition containing reinforcing fibers. 3. The manufacturing method according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of independent pairs of heating means and cooling means are arranged at predetermined positions of the mold. 4. The manufacturing method according to claim 1, wherein the remaining region of the cavity portion has a temperature gradient.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3333385A JPS61192533A (en) | 1985-02-21 | 1985-02-21 | Manufacture of rod body made of thermoplastic synthetic resin |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3333385A JPS61192533A (en) | 1985-02-21 | 1985-02-21 | Manufacture of rod body made of thermoplastic synthetic resin |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS61192533A JPS61192533A (en) | 1986-08-27 |
| JPH0522565B2 true JPH0522565B2 (en) | 1993-03-30 |
Family
ID=12383625
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3333385A Granted JPS61192533A (en) | 1985-02-21 | 1985-02-21 | Manufacture of rod body made of thermoplastic synthetic resin |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS61192533A (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102007060739B4 (en) * | 2007-12-17 | 2011-11-10 | Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. | Method and device for producing fiber composite components |
| WO2013176297A1 (en) * | 2012-05-24 | 2013-11-28 | サンスター スイス エスエー | Method for manufacturing tool for cleaning between teeth and tool for cleaning between teeth |
| CN114311531A (en) * | 2021-12-24 | 2022-04-12 | 太仓市众翔精密五金有限公司 | Sprue offset mold with asymmetric cooling system |
-
1985
- 1985-02-21 JP JP3333385A patent/JPS61192533A/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS61192533A (en) | 1986-08-27 |
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