JPH05221196A - Perspective sketching instrument of stereoscopic article - Google Patents

Perspective sketching instrument of stereoscopic article

Info

Publication number
JPH05221196A
JPH05221196A JP35536091A JP35536091A JPH05221196A JP H05221196 A JPH05221196 A JP H05221196A JP 35536091 A JP35536091 A JP 35536091A JP 35536091 A JP35536091 A JP 35536091A JP H05221196 A JPH05221196 A JP H05221196A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
pen
plate
perspective
face
perspection
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
JP35536091A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPH0780395B2 (en
Inventor
Hisashi Nakaso
壽 中曽
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to JP35536091A priority Critical patent/JPH0780395B2/en
Publication of JPH05221196A publication Critical patent/JPH05221196A/en
Publication of JPH0780395B2 publication Critical patent/JPH0780395B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Abstract

PURPOSE:To easily form, enlarge or contract a perspective view of a stereoscopic object by setting a double-pen type tracer to a perpendicularly-held perspection board and arranging a face fixing stand parallel to the perspection board by means of a fixing plate and a clip. CONSTITUTION:A perspection board 2 and a face fixing stand 20 are set at the selected drawing position. Then, a face is supported by a jaw mounting table 22 and a head fixing band 26 of the face fixing stand 20, and a visual observation point is determined. An observing eye is further determined by a one-eye shutting door 23. The position of the eye is determined by a height adjusting screw 25. Thereafter, the perspection board 2 is moved back and forth by a clip 28 of a fixing stand moving plate 27 to set the contraction scale of the tracing. The face is subsequently fixed to the face fixing stand 20. A drawing of the stereoscopic object perspectively shown on the perspection board 2 by the one eye is traced by a tracing pen 7 of a double-pen type tracer 61 mounted to the perspection board 2. Consequently, a recording pen 8 interlocking with the tracing pen 7 draws a sketch 5 on a paper 4.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】Detailed Description of the Invention

【0001】[0001]

【産業上の利用分野】この発明はガラス等の透視板面に
投射された立体物を2ペン式の写図器を用いて、独眼操
作でトレースすることにより、立体物、風景等を紙面に
描きうる写生器に関するものである。
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention traces a three-dimensional object projected on the surface of a see-through plate, such as glass, with a two-pen type mapper by a single-eyed operation so that a three-dimensional object, a landscape, etc. can be displayed on the paper. It relates to a sketch instrument that can be drawn.

【0002】[0002]

【従来の技術】従来より風景、立体物の平面的な表現と
しての紙面上への直接的な写図は写真撮影か、または、
人間による写生のみであり、写真機を除き、誰もが簡単
に写生しうるような器具は見当たらない。これに対し、
上記の立体物など一度、紙面上に平面化された図、写真
等については、これの拡大、縮小を行う器具として2ペ
ン式倍率式写図器、或はゼロックス等の色々の器具、手
法がある。
2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a direct drawing on a paper as a two-dimensional representation of a landscape or a three-dimensional object is photographed, or
It is only a human drawing, and there is no equipment that anyone can easily copy except a camera. In contrast,
For drawings, photographs, etc. that are once flattened on the paper surface such as the above-mentioned three-dimensional object, there are various devices and methods such as a 2-pen type magnification mapper or Xerox as a device for enlarging and reducing it. is there.

【0003】[0003]

【発明が解決しようとする課題】前項の立体物の平面的
表現としての写図には次のような欠点がある。 (イ) 写真撮影の場合は実形を忠実に記録し得るが、
対象物中の任意部分の削除、又は誇張、拡大と云う創作
成性を持った画面の撮影は困難である。 (ロ) 人力による透視図の作成には記載技実と、長時
間を要し、ともすると図自体が不正確になるため、この
記載法は、敬遠されるのが一般である。 (ハ) 2ペン式倍率写図器のみでは実在する立体物の
透視図は描けない。 本発明は以上のような欠点を解決するために行ったもの
である。
The map as a planar representation of the three-dimensional object mentioned above has the following drawbacks. (B) In the case of photography, the actual form can be recorded faithfully,
It is difficult to delete an arbitrary part of an object, or to shoot a screen having a creativity such as exaggeration or enlargement. (B) It takes a lot of time and effort to create a perspective drawing by human power, and the drawing itself becomes inaccurate. Therefore, this description method is generally avoided. (C) It is not possible to draw a perspective view of an existing three-dimensional object using only the 2-pen type magnification mapper. The present invention has been made to solve the above drawbacks.

【0004】[0004]

【課題を解決するための手段】不透明物体の角筒(1)
を平面化するために透視板支持脚(9)にて垂直に保持
された透視板(2)を設ける。これに、記載用紙(4)
に転写するためのトレースペン(7)、記録ペン(8)
を備えた2ペン式写図器(6)を取付ける。
Means for Solving the Problems Square tube (1) of an opaque object
A see-through plate (2) vertically held by a see-through plate supporting leg (9) is provided for flattening. In addition to this, the description sheet (4)
Trace pen (7), recording pen (8) for transferring to
Attach the 2-pen type mapping device (6) equipped with.

【0005】他方、透視板(2)上に投写された角筒
(1)を捕え、これを正確に写生するために上下可動用
支持柱(24)に保持され、固定枠(21)内に顎乗せ
台(22)及び頭部固定帯(26)を備えた顔面固定台
(20)を固定台移動板(27)とクリップ(28)を
介して透視板(2)と平行に一定間隔に一対化して設定
する。本発明は以上のような構成よりなる目視立体物の
平面化による写生器である。
On the other hand, in order to capture the square tube (1) projected on the see-through plate (2) and accurately reproduce it, the square column (1) is held by a vertically movable support column (24) and placed in a fixed frame (21). A face fixing base (20) equipped with a chin rest (22) and a head fixing band (26) is provided at a constant interval in parallel with the see-through plate (2) via a fixing base moving plate (27) and a clip (28). Set in pairs. The present invention is a skeleton instrument by flattening a visual three-dimensional object having the above-mentioned configuration.

【0006】[0006]

【作用】先ず、写生対象の立体物の一例としての角筒
(1)と、目視点との間に透視板(2)を置き、これに
記載用紙(4)とトレースペン(7)及び記録ペン
(8)を備えた写図器の具体例としての2ペン式倍率写
図器(61)を取付る。そして、記録操作の行いやすい
ように一定の間隔を定めて、顔面固定台(20)を設置
する。次に、顔面固定台(20)に顔を置き、固定枠上
部のメガネ枠部の片眼遮扉(23)により閉じ片目で、
透視板(2)を通仕手の角筒(1)とトレースペン
(7)の両者を見ながら記録ペン(8)にてトレース操
作を行委、透視板(2)と記載用紙(4)上に写視図を
記載する。記載用紙(4)への縮尺率は顔面固定台(2
0)と透視板(2)との設定間隔の変化、又は、2ペン
式倍率写図器(61)の設定比率の変化などで行いう
る。
First, a see-through plate (2) is placed between a square tube (1) as an example of a three-dimensional object to be drawn and an eye point of view, and a paper (4), a trace pen (7) and a recording sheet (4) are described on the plate. A two-pen type scale mapper (61) as a concrete example of the mapper equipped with a pen (8) is attached. Then, the face fixing base (20) is installed at a fixed interval so that the recording operation can be easily performed. Next, the face is placed on the face fixing base (20), and the one eye closing door (23) of the eyeglass frame portion above the fixing frame closes it with one eye.
While looking at both the rectangular tube (1) and the trace pen (7) of the see-through plate (2), the recording pen (8) performs the tracing operation, and the see-through plate (2) and the description sheet (4) The map is shown in. The scale for the form (4) is the face fixing table (2
0) and the see-through plate (2), or by changing the setting ratio of the 2-pen type magnification mapper (61).

【0007】[0007]

【実施例1】以下、本発朋の実施例1について説明す
る。 (イ) 先す構造として、遠近、凹凸のある立体物、風
景を平面の紙面に記録するためには、これらを図1のよ
うにガラス等の透視平板を用いて目視物を平板上に投射
することが立体物写図の第一条件となる。このため図1
のようにクリップ作用を有する透視板支持脚(9)
[Embodiment 1] Hereinafter, Embodiment 1 of the present invention will be described. (B) As a preceding structure, in order to record a perspective, a three-dimensional object with unevenness, and a landscape on a flat paper surface, project these on a flat plate by using a transparent flat plate such as glass as shown in FIG. Doing is the first condition for the three-dimensional object map. Therefore,
Support plate (9) with clipping action like

【詳細図2参照】により垂直に保持された透視板(2)
が必要となる。なお、透視板(2)の構造としては、一
枚物の透明平板を用いるが、必要時には、これを2つ折
式にすると携帯的には小型となり便利になる。 (ロ) 記載用紙(4)はセロテープ等を用いて透視板
(2)上に張り付ける。
[See Detail 2] Perspective plate (2) held vertically by
Is required. As the structure of the see-through plate (2), a single transparent flat plate is used, but if necessary, folding it in two makes it portable and compact, which is convenient. (B) The description sheet (4) is attached to the see-through plate (2) by using cellophane tape or the like.

【0008】(ハ) 写真機のように透明のガラス板上
にセロハン紙等を置いて立体物の見透視図を写し取る場
合は別として、通常は、透視図を紙面上に描く場合には
透視板(2)上での見透視図用のトレースペン(7)の
他に、紙面記載用の記録ペン(8)の2つのペンが必要
となる。この実現の一例として、図1のように市販の2
ペン式倍率写図器(61)を透視板(2)の左側に取付
る。なお、本発明に使用する写図器としては、図1の他
に、トレースペン(7)と記録ペン(8)が平行移動す
るものであればよいため、市販の平行定規にトレースペ
ン(7)と記録ペン(8)を取付けた図5のような2ペ
ンアーム式自在平行移動型写図器(62)、又は図6の
2ペンX,Y軸走行自在型写図器(63)としても適用
可能である。なお、ここに記した各タイプでの写図器で
のトレースペン(7)はトレース時、常にペン先が見ら
れるように記録ペン(8)と異なり、紙面に対し45−
60度に傾けて取付けている。
(C) Aside from the case where a perspective view of a three-dimensional object is placed by placing cellophane paper or the like on a transparent glass plate as in a camera, usually, when a perspective view is drawn on the paper surface, In addition to the trace pen (7) for the perspective view on the plate (2), two pens for recording on the paper (8) are required. As an example of this realization, as shown in FIG.
The pen-type magnification mapper (61) is attached to the left side of the see-through plate (2). In addition to the arrangement shown in FIG. 1, the mapping device used in the present invention may be any device as long as the trace pen (7) and the recording pen (8) move in parallel. ) And a recording pen (8) are attached to it as a two-pen arm type parallel translation type mapper (62) as shown in FIG. 5 or a two-pen X, Y axis movable type mapper (63) of FIG. Applicable. Note that the trace pen (7) in the mapper of each type described here is different from the recording pen (8) so that the pen tip is always visible during tracing, unlike the recording pen (8).
It is installed at an angle of 60 degrees.

【0009】(ニ) 風景、立体物の写図は写真機のよ
うに瞬時には完成せず、一定の時間を要する。このた
め、風景を見る目の位置は、意識しても、何らかの手段
を取らない限り動き、このため透視画面に変動が発生す
る。故に、目の位置の固定手段として、顔面固定台(2
0)を設ける。 (ホ) 更に、透視板(2)を通して立体物をトレース
ペン(7)により写生する場合、対象物が遠方にあるほ
ど、不鮮明化が大きくなり、記載できなくなる。これに
対し、従来の紙面上の図での写図の場合は図とペン先は
常に同一平面にあるので、両者の視点は常に一致し、上
記のような問題は発生しない。この原因は、写図操作
時、無意識的に両眼による視点をペン先か、立体物のど
ちらかに移すためである。即ち、ペン先を見れば立体物
が目えなくなり、また、立体物を見ればペン先が見えな
くなるためである。この対策としての立体物を独眼視す
る場合は、両眼視と異なり、物理的に距離間隔がなくな
り、両者が同一平面で見ることが可能となる。
(D) A map of a landscape or a three-dimensional object is not completed instantly like a camera, and it takes a certain amount of time. For this reason, the position of the eyes looking at the landscape moves even if the user is conscious of it, unless some means is taken, which causes a change in the perspective screen. Therefore, the face fixing base (2
0) is provided. (E) Furthermore, when a three-dimensional object is imaged by the trace pen (7) through the see-through plate (2), the farther the target object is, the larger the blurring becomes, and it becomes impossible to describe. On the other hand, in the case of a conventional drawing on a paper, the drawing and the pen tip are always on the same plane, so that the viewpoints of both are always the same, and the above problem does not occur. This is because the viewpoint of both eyes is unintentionally moved to either the pen tip or the three-dimensional object during the drawing operation. That is, the three-dimensional object becomes invisible when looking at the pen tip, and the pen tip becomes invisible when looking at the three-dimensional object. As a countermeasure against this, when a stereoscopic object is viewed by a single eye, unlike binocular vision, there is no physical distance interval, and both can be viewed on the same plane.

【0010】以上の諸点を考慮して顔面固定台(20)
の詳細構造としては固定台移動板(27)の一端に固定
枠(21)の上下移動可能なるよう高さ調整ネジ(2
5)を取付けた上下可動支持柱(24)を取付、その上
部にメガネ枠を設けたコの字形の固定枠(21)を取付
ける。固定枠(21)の内部には目の位置を固定するた
めに顔面の額部と顎部を固定する必要があり、このた
め、頭部固定帯(26)及び顎乗せ台(22)、更には
写生時に片目で器具を操作する必要があるためメガネ枠
部に片眼遮閉扉(23)を取付ける。なお、片眼遮閉扉
(23)の代りに、眼帯使用でも可能である。 (ホ) クリップ(28)
Considering the above points, the face fixing base (20)
As for the detailed structure of the height adjustment screw (2) at one end of the fixed base moving plate (27) so that the fixed frame (21) can be moved up and down.
The vertically movable support column (24) to which 5) is attached is attached, and the U-shaped fixed frame (21) provided with an eyeglass frame is attached to the upper part thereof. Inside the fixing frame (21), it is necessary to fix the forehead and the jaw of the face in order to fix the position of the eyes. Therefore, the head fixing band (26) and the chin rest (22), and Since it is necessary to operate the device with one eye during drawing, the one-eye blocking door (23) is attached to the eyeglass frame portion. It should be noted that an eye patch can be used instead of the one-eye blocking door (23). (E) Clip (28)

【詳細図3参照】を固定台移動板(27)に取付後、顔
面固定台(20)を同クリップ(28)を介して透視板
(2)に一定間隔を保った状態で平行に取付ける。本案
は以上のような構造、作用を有するものである。
[See Detailed Drawing 3] is attached to the fixed base moving plate (27), and then the face fixing base (20) is attached in parallel to the see-through plate (2) via the clip (28) at a constant interval. The present proposal has the above-described structure and operation.

【0011】次に、使用手順は、以下のとおりとなる。 (イ)位置の選定:先す対象の立体物をどのような方向
及び形で写生するかと云う事で、写生位置の選定を行
い、その位置に、透視板(2)及び顔面固定台(20)
を置く。なお、図1の場合は、記載用紙(4)は縦向き
としているが、横向きの図を描く場合は、用紙を横向け
にする必要がある。このためには透視板支持脚(9)お
よび顔面固定台(20)をはめ変えて、透視板(2)を
縦向きにする。次に、顔面を顔面固定台(20)の顎乗
せ台(22)に乗せ、頭部を頭部固定帯(26)により
顔面と共に目の位置である目視点を固定する。更に、左
右何れの目で見た図を記載するかを片眼遮閉幕(24)
にて決めると共に、紙面枠での図の記載中心位置を定め
るために高さ調整ネジ(25)を調整して、目の位置を
決める。
Next, the usage procedure is as follows. (A) Selection of position: By selecting in what direction and shape the target three-dimensional object is to be copied, the position of the drawing is selected, and the perspective plate (2) and the face fixing base (20) are selected at that position. )
Put. In addition, in FIG. 1, the described paper (4) is oriented vertically, but when drawing a landscape orientation, the paper needs to be oriented horizontally. For this purpose, the see-through plate support leg (9) and the face fixing base (20) are replaced, and the see-through plate (2) is oriented vertically. Next, the face is placed on the chin rest (22) of the face fixing base (20), and the head is fixed by the head fixing band (26) together with the face to the eye viewpoint which is the eye position. In addition, the one-eye closing curtain (24) determines which of the left and right eyes should be used to draw the drawing.
And adjust the height adjusting screw (25) to determine the center position of the drawing on the paper frame, and determine the eye position.

【0012】(ロ)写図縮尺率の選定:次に、写図の縮
尺率の設定としては、図4に示すように顔面固定台(2
0)を基準にして、固定台移動板(27)に取付けたク
リップ(28)を介して、透視板(2)を前後しなが
ら、記載用紙(4)に適当に納まるように、各ポイント
を下書きしながら、縮尺率を決める。図4において、対
象立体物の角筒(1)と顔面固定台(20)との距離を
Lとした場合、顔面固定台(20)と透明板(2)の距
離Xを変化することにより、縮尺率=X/Lの変化を行
いうる。即ち、目から透視板(2)を遠去けることによ
り、写生図は大きくなる。更に、この様にして定めた縮
尺図を2倍、3倍と拡大する場合には2ペン式倍率写図
器(61)自体の倍率設定変更を行うことによって可能
となる。このことは、被写生体が小さい場合には、被写
生体それ自体より拡大して写生図を描くことも可能とな
る。
(B) Selection of the scale ratio of the image: Next, as the setting of the scale ratio of the image, as shown in FIG.
0) as a reference, while moving the perspective plate (2) back and forth through the clip (28) attached to the fixed base moving plate (27), each point is set so as to fit properly on the written sheet (4). Decide the scale factor while drafting. In FIG. 4, when the distance between the rectangular tube (1) of the target three-dimensional object and the face fixing base (20) is L, by changing the distance X between the face fixing base (20) and the transparent plate (2), A change of scale factor = X / L can be made. That is, by moving the see-through plate (2) away from the eyes, the drawing map becomes larger. Furthermore, in order to enlarge the scale map thus determined to 2 times or 3 times, it is possible to change the magnification setting of the 2-pen type magnification mapper (61) itself. This means that when the living body is small, it is possible to enlarge the living body itself to draw a sketch map.

【0013】(ハ)記載要領:以上の記録準備後の具体
的な操作としては、顔面固定台(20)に顔面設定後、
独眼でトレースペン(7)にて透視板(2)上に透視さ
れた図をトレースする事により、トレースペン(7)と
記録ペン(8)にて、夫々、透視板(2)にはトレース
図を、記載用紙(4)には写生図(5)を同時に記載す
ることになる。従来の2ペン式倍率写図器では、被写生
図と写生図を両眼にて、同時に、常時確認しつつ記載す
るため、写生図の記載は被写生図側は不要で転写側の紙
面上のみでよかった。しかし、本発明での写生時は透視
板(2)上の投写体のみしか見ることができないので、
紙面上の他に、透視板(2)上にもトレース図として残
し、書き落としのないようにすると共に、書き落とし後
の追記が容易なようにする。また、記載用紙(4)に多
数の立体物を写生する場合の手順としては、手前にある
物体から描いて行くのが一般である。
(C) Description procedure: As a specific operation after the above recording preparation, after the face is set on the face fixing base (20),
By tracing the perspective view on the see-through plate (2) by the trace pen (7) with a single eye, the trace pen (7) and the recording pen (8) respectively trace the see-through plate (2). The figure will be written on the writing sheet (4) at the same time as the sketch drawing (5). In the conventional 2-pen type magnification mapper, the drawing map and the drawing map are written with both eyes at the same time while checking them at all times. Therefore, the drawing map is not required on the drawing map side and on the paper surface of the transfer side. I was happy with it. However, since only the projection object on the see-through plate (2) can be seen during drawing in the present invention,
In addition to on the paper surface, a trace diagram is left on the see-through plate (2) so that writing is not performed and post-writing is easy after writing. Further, as a procedure for drawing a large number of three-dimensional objects on the writing paper (4), it is general to draw from an object in front.

【0014】[0014]

【実施例2】次に、本発明の実施例2について以下に説
明する。 (イ) 先ず、構造としては図5、図6に示すように基
本構造としては実施例1と同様で、ただ、顔面固定台
(20)に対し透視板(2)が前後の平行移動のみであ
ったものを実施例2においては、更に、透明ガラス板
(2)が垂直軸及び水平軸に対し、旋回し得るようにし
たものである。即ち、枠支持脚横桟(12)により一体
化され、枠支持脚(11)に支えられた一対のガラス枠
支持アーム(10)にて透視板としてのガラス枠(3)
に内装の透明ガラス板(2)を支持することにより、水
平軸での回転を可能とすると共に、透明ガラス板(2)
を任意の傾斜角度に設定し得るようにガラス枠固定アー
ム(13)を設けた。この透朋ガラス板(2)の傾斜保
持状態を図6に示す。他方、垂直軸に対する回転機構と
しては、枠支持脚横桟(12)設けた顔面固定台移動時
支点(14)の突起を固定台移動板(27)に設けた間
隔調整孔に挿入するものである。また、トレースペン
(7)および記録ペン(8)の支持機構としては図5に
おいては倍率写図器(61)の代りに2ペンアーム式平
行移動型写図器(62)を用いたものを、同じく図6に
おいては2ペンX,Y軸走行自在平行型写図器(63)
を用いたものを示す。なお、顔面固定台(20)につい
ては、実施例1のものを適用する。
Second Embodiment Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described below. (A) First, as shown in FIG. 5 and FIG. 6, the basic structure is the same as that of the first embodiment, except that the perspective plate (2) is moved back and forth in parallel with respect to the face fixing base (20). In the second embodiment, the transparent glass plate (2) can be rotated about the vertical axis and the horizontal axis. That is, a glass frame (3) as a see-through plate is formed by a pair of glass frame support arms (10) that are integrated by the frame support leg cross rail (12) and are supported by the frame support legs (11).
By supporting the transparent glass plate (2) in the interior, it is possible to rotate on a horizontal axis, and at the same time, the transparent glass plate (2)
The glass frame fixing arm (13) is provided so that the angle can be set to an arbitrary inclination angle. FIG. 6 shows the inclined holding state of the transparent glass plate (2). On the other hand, as a rotation mechanism for the vertical axis, a protrusion of a fulcrum (14) for moving the face fixing base provided on the frame supporting leg crosspiece (12) is inserted into a gap adjusting hole provided on the fixed base moving plate (27). is there. As the support mechanism for the trace pen (7) and the recording pen (8), a two-pen arm type parallel movement type mapper (62) is used in place of the magnification mapper (61) in FIG. Similarly, in FIG. 6, a parallel pen type mapping device (63) with two pen X and Y axes is freely movable.
Shows the one using. The face fixing base (20) used in the first embodiment is applied.

【0015】上記の構造による透明ガラス(2)の傾斜
Q、回転Oの変移種別としては、顔面固定台(20)と
透明ガラス板(2)配置の側面図の図7に示すように透
明ガラス板(2)の正立(A)の他に、前倒(B)、後
倒(C)の傾斜及び平面図の図8の右回(D)と左回
(E)の5種と、これら傾斜Qと回転Oとの組み台わせ
4種がある。次に、図7において、顔面固定台(20)
と正方形枠(30)を平行に設置し、透明ガラス板
(2)を前記5種の状態変化を行った場合の紙面への透
視図を図9に示す。即ち、透明ガラス板(2)が正立
(A)時の正方形枠(30)の透視図A(31)が正方
形であるのに対し、透明ガラス板(2)に傾斜Qを与え
た場合は透視図B,C(33)の縦長の梯形に、また、
回転Oを与えた場合は透視図D,E(32)の梯形とし
て表示される。
As the transition type of inclination Q and rotation O of the transparent glass (2) having the above structure, as shown in FIG. 7 which is a side view of the arrangement of the face fixing base (20) and the transparent glass plate (2), In addition to the erect (A) of the plate (2), forward tilting (B), tilting backward (C), and five types of clockwise (D) and counterclockwise (E) of the plan view of FIG. There are four types of combinations of these inclination Q and rotation O. Next, in FIG. 7, the face fixing base (20)
FIG. 9 shows a perspective view of the transparent glass plate (2) on which the square frame (30) is installed in parallel and the transparent glass plate (2) is subjected to the above-mentioned five kinds of state changes. That is, when the transparent glass plate (2) is upright (A), the perspective view A (31) of the square frame (30) is a square, while the transparent glass plate (2) is provided with an inclination Q. Perspective view B, C (33) in the vertically long trapezoid,
When the rotation O is applied, the perspective views D and E (32) are displayed as a trapezoid.

【0016】この理由としては、図10の立体図に示
す。即ち、正方形枠(30)が遠方にあり、透明ガラス
板(2)を通じて目にいる透視光線が平行光線となる場
合には、透明ガラス板(2)で斜に透視した場合の紙面
上への透視図は矩形になるが、正方形枠(30)が間近
な時は放射状の形で目に透視光線が流入するため、図1
0のように、角錐を透明ガラス板(2)で斜に切断した
状態の梯形(32)となる。この場合、透明ガラス板
(2)上で正方形枠(30)に近い側がこの梯形の底辺
となる。また、この梯形の高さは図10より推定される
ように透明ガラス板(2)の顔面固定台(20)に対す
るズレ角に応じて変化し、ズレ角O,Qが大きくなると
共に、高さが大きくなり、縦長あるいは横長に強調した
図となる。同時に、梯形の高さをズレ角O,Qの調整で
変えうることは、同時に、図10に示すように梯形の側
辺の延長線の交点になるバニシングポイント(消点)
(34)を発生させ、これにより図形の遠近感の発生と
調整が可能となる。
The reason for this is shown in the three-dimensional view of FIG. That is, when the square frame (30) is distant and the perspective light rays seen through the transparent glass plate (2) are parallel light rays, the transparent glass plate (2) is obliquely seen through the transparent glass plate (2). The perspective view is rectangular, but when the square frame (30) is close to the perspective view, the perspective rays enter the eye in a radial shape.
As in 0, the pyramid has a trapezoidal shape (32) with the transparent glass plate (2) obliquely cutting it. In this case, the side close to the square frame (30) on the transparent glass plate (2) is the base of this trapezoid. Further, the height of this trapezoid changes according to the deviation angle of the transparent glass plate (2) with respect to the face fixing base (20) as estimated from FIG. 10, and the deviation angles O and Q increase and the height increases. Becomes larger, and the figure is emphasized vertically or horizontally. At the same time, the height of the trapezoid can be changed by adjusting the deviation angles O and Q. At the same time, as shown in FIG. 10, a vanishing point (vanishing point), which is an intersection of extension lines of the sides of the trapezoid.
(34) is generated, which makes it possible to generate and adjust the perspective of the figure.

【0017】本案は以上のような構造、作用を有するも
ので、これに対する使用手順は以下の通である。 (イ)位置の選定:透明ガラス板(2)が垂直で、顔面
固定台(20)と平行という基本的な状態で、対象の立
体物の写生位置を設定する。 (ロ)写図縮尺率の選定:次に、図4の関係より、顔面
固定台移動時支点(14)と固定台移動板(27)に設
けた間隔調整孔の組み合わせにより、透朋ガラス板
(2)と顔面固定台(20)の平行間隔を設定する。
The present invention has the above-described structure and action, and the procedure for using the same is as follows. (A) Selection of position: In a basic state in which the transparent glass plate (2) is vertical and parallel to the face fixing base (20), the position of the target three-dimensional object is set. (B) Selection of image drawing scale ratio: Next, from the relationship of FIG. 4, a transparent glass plate is formed by combining the fulcrum (14) for moving the face fixing base and the gap adjusting holes provided in the fixing base moving plate (27). The parallel interval between (2) and the face fixing base (20) is set.

【0018】(ハ)傾斜、回転角の選定:先ず、実態図
に対し変形の方向を定める。これは図9の透視図に見ら
れるように、縦方向に拡張の場合は透明ガラス板(2)
に傾斜角Q与え、更に、消点(34)が上か、下かによ
り細分され、上の場合は前倒(B)の透視図B(33)
に、消点(34)が下の場合は後倒(C)の透視図C
(33)の何れかに定められる。同様に、透視図の横方
向の拡張時には、透明ガラス板(2)の左右の回転方向
に基ずき、消点(34)が右時には、右回(D)の透視
図D(32)に、消点が(34)が左時には左回り
(E)の透視図E(32)の何れかを選定しうる。な
お、以上は傾斜と回転変移、夫々、単独に与えた場合で
あるが、傾斜角と回転角を同時に与えることも可能であ
る。この場合は両者の変位角の大きさの相違により透視
図は梯形より、菱形をはじめとし、種々な4辺形とな
る。
(C) Selection of inclination and rotation angle: First, the direction of deformation is determined with respect to the actual view. This is a transparent glass plate (2) in the case of longitudinal expansion, as seen in the perspective view of FIG.
And the vanishing point (34) is subdivided depending on whether the vanishing point (34) is above or below, and in the case of above, the perspective view B (33) of the forward tilt (B).
In addition, when the vanishing point (34) is below, the perspective view C of the backward tilt (C) is shown.
It is defined in any of (33). Similarly, when the perspective view is expanded in the lateral direction, the perspective view D (32) of the right turn (D) is displayed when the vanishing point (34) is right, based on the left and right rotation directions of the transparent glass plate (2). When the vanishing point (34) is left, one of the perspective views E (32) of the counterclockwise direction (E) can be selected. Note that the above is the case where the tilt and the rotational displacement are individually given, but it is also possible to give the tilt angle and the rotation angle at the same time. In this case, due to the difference in the displacement angle between the two, the perspective view becomes a quadrangle, including a rhombus rather than a trapezoid.

【0019】(ニ)記載要領:以上の記録準備後の具体
的操作としては、図全体を縦長または横長に変形化した
誇張図として描く場合の操作は実地例1と同様である。
これに対し図中のある特定のものを局部的に変形誇張す
る場合は少し異なる。即ち、上記と同様に透明ガラス板
(2)に傾斜、回転角の設定を行った状態で、対象物を
記載し、完了後、透明ガラス板(2)を正常位置に戻
し、その後、透明ガラス板(2)上のトレース図を見な
がら変形誇張物のトレース部を除いてバックグランド部
を記載する。
(D) Description procedure: As a specific operation after the above-described recording preparation, the operation when drawing the entire drawing as an exaggerated view which is transformed into a portrait orientation or a landscape orientation is similar to that of the practical example 1.
On the other hand, the case of locally deforming and exaggerating a specific object in the figure is slightly different. That is, in the same manner as described above, the transparent glass plate (2) is tilted and the rotation angle is set, the object is described, and after completion, the transparent glass plate (2) is returned to the normal position, and then the transparent glass plate While looking at the trace diagram on the plate (2), the background portion is described except for the trace portion of the deformed exaggerated object.

【0020】[0020]

【実地例3】更に、本発明の実地例3について以下に説
明する。 (イ) 前記、実地例1,2は机上に写生器を置いて、
立体物の写生をするのを対象としたが、本例では図11
のように、それ以外の屋外での風景、立体物の写生を対
象としたものである。構造としては、実地例2の2ペン
アーム式平行移動型写図器(62)付の透明ガラス板
(2)を縦置きにして下部伸縮自在型脚立(35)に取
付けたものである。また、顔面固定台(20)は固定枠
(21)を固定台移動板(27)にて側部を支え、透明
ガラス(2)に平行に取付けると共に、固定枠(21)
と透明ガラス(2)の間隔調整を可能とする。
[Practical example 3] Further, practical example 3 of the present invention will be described below. (A) In the above-mentioned practical examples 1 and 2, a copy machine is placed on a desk,
Although the object is to draw a three-dimensional object, in this example, as shown in FIG.
As described above, it is intended for other outdoor landscapes and three-dimensional objects. As the structure, the transparent glass plate (2) with the two-pen arm type parallel movement type imager (62) of the practical example 2 is vertically installed and attached to the lower retractable stepladder (35). Further, the face fixing base (20) is mounted in parallel with the transparent glass (2) by supporting the side of the fixing frame (21) with the fixing base moving plate (27) and fixing the fixing frame (21).
And the gap between the transparent glass (2) can be adjusted.

【0021】(ロ) 取り扱い法としては、実地例2に
対し透明ガラス板(2)の高さ及び傾斜調整を下部伸縮
自在型脚立(35)で行いうるのが異なるのみで、その
他はほぼ同様である。
(B) As a handling method, the height and inclination of the transparent glass plate (2) can be adjusted by the lower telescopic stepladder (35) as compared with the practical example 2, but the other is almost the same. Is.

【0022】[0022]

【発明の効果】【The invention's effect】

(イ)極めて簡単な器具の組み合わせ使用により、在来
の平面図は勿論、実在の立体物の透視図を誰でもが簡単
に描きうる。 (ロ)記載立体物の透視図の拡大、縮小が自由であり、
縮尺率に応じた立体図の写生が可能である。 (ハ)立体物を単に、ありのままの形の拡大、縮小図と
して描くのみならず図に対する消点の調整を可能とする
ことにより、立体透視図の遠近感の誇張表現を可能とし
うる。 (ニ)本発明による透視図は独眼による写図であるた
め、左右夫々の独眼による写図を組み合せることによ
り、立体像観賞のステレオスコープ用の図としての流用
も可能となる。
(B) By using a combination of extremely simple instruments, anyone can easily draw a perspective view of a real three-dimensional object as well as a conventional plan view. (B) The perspective view of the three-dimensional object can be enlarged or reduced freely,
It is possible to draw a three-dimensional figure according to the scale. (C) Not only simply drawing a three-dimensional object as an enlarged or reduced view of the shape as it is, but also by making it possible to adjust the vanishing point with respect to the drawing, it is possible to exaggerate the perspective of a perspective view. (D) Since the perspective view according to the present invention is a single-eye view, by combining the left and right single-eye views, it is possible to use it as a stereoscopic view for stereoscopic image viewing.

【0021】[0021]

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of drawings]

【図1】本発明の実施例1に対する斜視図である。FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a first embodiment of the present invention.

【図2】本発明の実施例1での支持脚の斜視図および同
支持柱部の断面図である。
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a support leg and a cross-sectional view of the support column portion according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

【図3】本発明のクリップ部の斜視図である。FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a clip portion of the present invention.

【図4】透視図の縮尺率に対する説明図FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram for a scale ratio of a perspective view.

【図5】本発明の実施例2での透視板の正常位置での斜
視図である。
FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a see-through plate in a normal position according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

【図6】図5に対し異種の写図器を取付けると共に透視
板に傾斜を与えた場合の斜視図。
FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a case where a different type of imager is attached to FIG. 5 and a perspective plate is inclined.

【図7】実施例2における透視板の傾斜変移の状態を示
す側面図
FIG. 7 is a side view showing a state in which the see-through plate is inclined and displaced in Example 2;

【図8】実施例2における透視板の回転変移の状態を示
す平面図
FIG. 8 is a plan view showing the state of rotational displacement of the see-through plate in the second embodiment.

【図9】図7、図8における透視板の傾斜および回転変
移時の紙面への記載図と正常位置の紙面への記載図に対
する変化比較図
9 is a change comparison diagram between the drawing on the paper surface when the perspective plate is tilted and rotated in FIGS. 7 and 8 and the drawing on the paper surface at the normal position.

【図10】図9の発生状態を説明する斜視図FIG. 10 is a perspective view illustrating a generation state of FIG.

【図11】実地例3における写生器の斜視図FIG. 11 is a perspective view of the image generator in the practical example 3;

【符号の説明】[Explanation of symbols]

1 角筒 2 透視板又は透明ガラス 3 ガラス枠 4 記載用紙 5 写生図 6 2ペン式写図器 61 2ペン式倍率写図器 62 2ペンアーム式平行移動型写図器 63 2ペンX,Y軸走行自在型写図器 7 トレースペン 8 記録ペン 9 透視板支持脚 10 ガラス枠支持アーム 11 枠支持脚 12 枠支持脚横棧 13 ガラス枠固定アーム 14 顔面固定台移動時支点 20 顔面固定台 21 固定枠 22 顎乗せ台 23 片眼遮閉扉 24 上下可動用支持柱 25 高さ調整ネジ 26 頭部固定帯 27 固定台移動板 28 クリップ 30 正方形枠 31 透視図A 32 透視図D,E 33 透視図B,C 34 消点 35 下部伸縮自在型脚立 1 square tube 2 transparent plate or transparent glass 3 glass frame 4 written paper 5 drawing map 6 2-pen type mapper 61 2 pen-type magnification mapper 62 2 pen-arm type parallel movement mapper 63 2-pen X, Y axis Free-running mapper 7 Trace pen 8 Recording pen 9 Fluoroscopic plate support leg 10 Glass frame support arm 11 Frame support leg 12 Frame support leg Side wall 13 Glass frame fixing arm 14 Face fixing base 20 Face fixing base 21 Fixed Frame 22 Jaw rest 23 Single-eye closed door 24 Vertically movable support column 25 Height adjustment screw 26 Head fixing band 27 Fixed base moving plate 28 Clip 30 Square frame 31 Perspective view A 32 Perspective view D, E 33 Perspective view B , C 34 Vanishing point 35 Lower telescopic stepladder

Claims (2)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 【請求項1】 透視板支持脚(9)にて垂直に保持され
た透視板(2)にトレースペン(7)、記録ペン(8)
を具えた2ペン式写図器(6)を取付けると共に、顔面
固定台(20)を固定台移動板(27)とクリップ(2
8)を介して透視板(2)と平行に設置せる目視立体物
の平面化による透視式写生器
1. A trace pen (7) and a recording pen (8) on a see-through plate (2) vertically held by a see-through plate supporting leg (9).
A two-pen type mapper (6) equipped with a face fixing base (20) is attached to the fixing base moving plate (27) and a clip (2).
8) A perspective-type image generator by flattening a visual three-dimensional object to be installed in parallel with the see-through plate (2).
【請求項2】 前項の透視板支持脚(9)をガラス枠支
持アーム(10)、ガラス枠固定アーム(13)および
枠支持脚(11)とし、同じく前項のクリップ(28)
を顔面固定台移動時支点(14)とした請求項1記載の
目視立体物の平面化による透視式写生器。
2. The glass plate supporting arm (10), the glass frame fixing arm (13) and the frame supporting leg (11) are used as the see-through plate supporting leg (9) of the preceding paragraph, and the clip (28) of the preceding paragraph is also used.
2. The perspective-type image generator according to claim 1, wherein said face is a fulcrum (14) when the face fixing base is moved.
JP35536091A 1991-11-22 1991-11-22 Three-dimensional object Expired - Lifetime JPH0780395B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP35536091A JPH0780395B2 (en) 1991-11-22 1991-11-22 Three-dimensional object

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP35536091A JPH0780395B2 (en) 1991-11-22 1991-11-22 Three-dimensional object

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH05221196A true JPH05221196A (en) 1993-08-31
JPH0780395B2 JPH0780395B2 (en) 1995-08-30

Family

ID=18443481

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP35536091A Expired - Lifetime JPH0780395B2 (en) 1991-11-22 1991-11-22 Three-dimensional object

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPH0780395B2 (en)

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH0780395B2 (en) 1995-08-30

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