JPH05220387A - Deodorization and decoloration of waste water utilizing coal ash and high-grade processing agent - Google Patents
Deodorization and decoloration of waste water utilizing coal ash and high-grade processing agentInfo
- Publication number
- JPH05220387A JPH05220387A JP6788792A JP6788792A JPH05220387A JP H05220387 A JPH05220387 A JP H05220387A JP 6788792 A JP6788792 A JP 6788792A JP 6788792 A JP6788792 A JP 6788792A JP H05220387 A JPH05220387 A JP H05220387A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- coal ash
- coal
- ash
- treatment
- waste water
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Landscapes
- Water Treatment By Sorption (AREA)
- Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、活性汚泥法などを利用
した浄化槽処理水の脱色・脱臭および高度処理剤に関す
るもので、簡単な化学変化により改質した石炭灰を処理
剤として活用するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a decolorizing / deodorizing and highly treating agent for septic tank treated water using an activated sludge method, which utilizes coal ash modified by a simple chemical change as a treating agent. Is.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】都市下水、し尿、食品工業排水、化学工
場排水、紙・パルプ工業排水など様々な排水は、粗大固
形物除去などの１次処理後に、活性汚泥法などによる２
次処で浄化される。しかし、この２次処理までの処理水
は、生物分解が困難な物質（例えば、し尿では、胆汁色
素、繊維質など）、やフミン酸やフルボ酸様の有機物を
含有するため黄褐色に着色していたり悪臭を感じる臭気
を放っていることが多く、しばしば、放流するための環
境基準に適合しない。これは、活性汚泥法による浄化方
式の限界とも関係がある。現行では、ＣＯＤ、ＢＯＤな
どの基準値に適合させるため、価格的にそんなに安くな
い活性炭などの吸着剤を使って、さらに３次処理・高度
処理を行う必要のあることが多い。この処理後になお、
淡黄色と臭気が残っていることもあるが、処理水を完全
に無色透明・無臭にするのに莫大な費用を要したり、そ
のための技術が困難なため、この状態で、湖沼、河川な
どに放流しているのが現状である。人間活動に伴い、排
水は休むことなく生産されており、これらの排水を環境
基準をなんとか満たすからといって不完全な処理のまま
自然環境中に放出することは、水質保全の観点から多大
の問題がある。2. Description of the Related Art Various wastewater such as municipal sewage, human waste, food industry wastewater, chemical factory wastewater, paper / pulp industry wastewater, etc. are treated by an activated sludge method after primary treatment such as removal of coarse solids.
Purified in the next place. However, the treated water up to the secondary treatment contains a substance that is difficult to biodegrade (for example, bile pigments and fibrous substances in human waste) and organic substances such as humic acid and fulvic acid, and thus is colored yellowish brown. Often emits a foul odor, which does not meet the environmental standards for release. This is also related to the limit of the purification method by the activated sludge method. At present, in order to comply with the standard values such as COD and BOD, it is often necessary to further perform tertiary treatment and advanced treatment using an adsorbent such as activated carbon, which is not so cheap in price. After this process,
Although it may have a light yellow color and odor, it takes a huge amount of money to completely treat the treated water as it is colorless, transparent, and odorless. The current situation is that they are released. Due to human activities, wastewater is continuously produced, and it is very important from the viewpoint of water quality conservation to discharge these wastewater into the natural environment with incomplete treatment just because it manages to meet environmental standards. There's a problem.
【０００３】一方、わが国には、現在、ほぼ４０数基の
大型石炭火力発電所があり、ここから廃出される石炭灰
の量は、年間約４００万トンにものぼっている。発電所
以外の、石炭を燃料として用いる製鉄所や工場などから
の廃出も加えれば、さらに多量の石炭灰が廃棄されてい
ることになる。将来建設される発電所からの灰も加算さ
れ、廃棄石炭灰は今後なお増加してくることが予想され
ている。一部セメント原料などに用いられる他、適切な
処理方法が少ないこの石炭灰は、半量以上が利用される
ことなく、他の固体廃棄物と一緒に埋め立て処分されて
きた。しかし、最近では、セメント需要の頭打ち、漁業
補償などに絡んだ埋め立て地確保の困難さなどから、廃
棄物としての石炭灰が、環境保全の立場から全国的に大
きな問題を投げかけるようになっている。今後とも益々
増加するであろうこの廃棄物の処理問題を解決するた
め、その積極的な再資源化や有効利用法の開発が強く切
望されている。On the other hand, in Japan, there are currently about 40 large coal-fired power plants, and the amount of coal ash discharged from these plants amounts to about 4 million tons per year. If wastes from iron mills and factories that use coal as fuel other than power plants are added, a larger amount of coal ash will be discarded. Ashes from future power plants will be added, and it is expected that the amount of waste coal ash will continue to increase. This coal ash, which is partially used as a cement raw material and has few appropriate treatment methods, has been disposed of in landfill with other solid waste without being used more than half. Recently, however, coal ash as a waste material has become a nation-wide problem from the standpoint of environmental protection due to the ceiling demand for cement and the difficulty in securing landfills associated with compensation for fisheries. .. In order to solve this waste disposal problem, which will increase more and more in the future, there is a strong demand for active recycling and development of effective utilization methods.
【０００４】[0004]
【発明が解決しょうとする課題】本発明は、石炭火力発
電所等から産業固体廃棄物として排出される石炭灰をア
ルカリ等と化学反応させることによって得た生成物を用
いて、活性汚泥法などによる浄化槽からの放出水を低廉
価な方法で、脱色・脱臭および高度処理して、水質保全
的な問題を解決するものである。また、廃棄物あるいは
未利用資源としての石炭灰の活用法を見いだし、環境保
全上の問題をも同時に解決しようというものである。DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention uses an activated sludge method or the like using a product obtained by chemically reacting coal ash discharged from a coal-fired power plant or the like as industrial solid waste with an alkali or the like. The water discharged from the septic tank is treated at a low cost by decolorizing, deodorizing and highly treating the water quality problem. In addition, it aims to find a method of utilizing coal ash as waste or an unused resource, and at the same time solve environmental conservation problems.
【０００５】[0005]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明は、アルカリ等と
の化学反応によって高い表面活性を獲得した石炭灰を使
い、浄化槽での２次処理排水を脱色・脱臭および高度処
理することで完全に処理する手段を与える。According to the present invention, coal ash having a high surface activity obtained by a chemical reaction with an alkali or the like is used to completely decolorize and deodorize secondary treatment wastewater in a septic tank and to perform a complete treatment. Gives the means to process.
【０００６】[0006]
【作用】主成分が非晶質ケイ酸アルミニウムである石炭
灰をアルカリ等と反応すると、多孔性で比表面積が大き
く様々な物質を吸着保持する性質を持った結晶性物質に
一部ないし全てが変化する。上述のような排水の３次処
理に用いと、これらの物質に転換した石炭灰は、有効か
つ効果的な処理能力を発揮し安定して機能する。[Function] When coal ash, whose main component is amorphous aluminum silicate, is reacted with alkali, etc., some or all of it is a crystalline substance that is porous and has a large specific surface area and has the property of adsorbing and holding various substances. Change. When used in the tertiary treatment of wastewater as described above, the coal ash converted to these substances exhibits an effective and effective treatment capacity and functions stably.
【０００７】[0007]
【実施例】次に本発明の実施例を示す。この実施例に使
用した、排水の脱臭・脱色および高度処理剤を調製する
方法のいくつかの例を述べる。EXAMPLES Examples of the present invention will be described below. Some examples of the method for preparing the deodorizing and decolorizing of waste water and the advanced treating agent used in this example are described.
【０００８】調製例１：冷却管を取り付けた三角フラス
コに、粒径の細かい石炭灰（フライアッシュ粉末）６０
ｇと３．５Ｎ ＮａＯＨ水溶液２００ｍｌを加え、ホッ
トプレート上で約９０℃にて２０時間ほど加熱処理し
た。処理後、遠心分離法にてよく水洗した。次に、１Ｎ
ＣａＣｌ２水溶液を１００ｍｌ加え、往復震とう器で
時間震とうした（Ｃａ飽和処理）。この飽和処理を５回
繰返し、過剰のＣａＣｌ２を水洗除去した後、１０５℃
にて乾燥して粉末試料を得た。Preparation Example 1: Coal ash (fly ash powder) 60 with a fine particle size was placed in an Erlenmeyer flask equipped with a cooling tube.
g and 200 ml of 3.5N NaOH aqueous solution were added, and the mixture was heat-treated on a hot plate at about 90 ° C. for about 20 hours. After the treatment, it was thoroughly washed with water by a centrifugal separation method. Next, 1N
100 ml of CaCl2 aqueous solution was added, and the mixture was shaken for a time with a reciprocal shaker (Ca saturation treatment). This saturation treatment is repeated 5 times to remove excess CaCl2 by washing with water and then at 105 ° C.
And dried to obtain a powder sample.
【０００９】調製例２：調製例１のフライアッシュ粉末
６０ｇの代わりに、フライアッシュ粉末４０ｇとシリカ
ゲル粉末２０ｇの混合物を用いた。加熱処理、水洗、飽
和処理、乾燥などは同様に行った。Preparation Example 2: Instead of 60 g of the fly ash powder of Preparation Example 1, a mixture of 40 g of fly ash powder and 20 g of silica gel powder was used. The heat treatment, washing with water, saturation treatment and drying were performed in the same manner.
【００１０】調製例３：調製例１のフライアッシュ粉末
６０ｇの代わりに、粒径の粗い石炭灰（クリンカーアッ
シュ粒）２０ｇを用いた。加熱処理時間は、２４時間と
し、水洗、飽和処理、乾燥などは同様に行った。Preparation Example 3: Instead of 60 g of the fly ash powder of Preparation Example 1, 20 g of coarse coal ash (grain of clinker ash) was used. The heat treatment time was 24 hours, and washing with water, saturation treatment, drying and the like were performed in the same manner.
【００１１】石炭灰から、アルカリ水性媒質との加熱反
応などの処理によって調製した、排水の脱臭・脱色およ
び高度処理剤の効果を各種実験例（実施例）に基づいて
説明する。The deodorization and decolorization of waste water prepared from coal ash by a treatment such as a heating reaction with an alkaline aqueous medium, and the effect of the advanced treatment agent will be described based on various experimental examples (Examples).
【００１２】実施例１：し尿を、活性汚泥法で２次処理
した処理水を５００ｍｌを１リットルのポリ容器に入
れ、これに調製例１で製造した試料を４ｇ加えた。ゆっ
くりかき混ぜながら最高３時間まで放置した。放置中に
３０分毎に少量の上澄みを採取し、化学的酸素要求量
（ＣＯＤ、Ｃｈｅｍｉｃａｌ Ｏｘｙｇｒｅｎ Ｄｅｍ
ａｎｄ）の経時的変化を調べた。ＣＯＤは、ＪＩＳ Ｋ
０１０２に基づき、１００℃における過マンガン酸カ
リウムによる酸素消費量の測定から求めた。第１表に測
定結果を示した。 Example 1 Human waste was subjected to secondary treatment by the activated sludge method and 500 ml of treated water was placed in a 1-liter plastic container, and 4 g of the sample produced in Preparation Example 1 was added thereto. It was left for up to 3 hours with gentle stirring. A small amount of supernatant was taken every 30 minutes while standing, and chemical oxygen demand (COD, Chemical Oxygren Dem) was collected.
and) were examined over time. COD is JIS K
Based on 0102, it was determined from the measurement of oxygen consumption by potassium permanganate at 100 ° C. The measurement results are shown in Table 1.
【００１３】ＣＯＤ測定値が、３．０時間で最初の約
０．６％になっており、フライアッシュをアルカリ水性
媒質との加熱反応などで処理したものは、し尿２次処理
水の優れた高度処理剤であることがわかる。また、３．
０時間放置した時には、はじめ黄褐色であったものが、
肉眼的にほとんで無色透明で、臭気もほとんど感じられ
なくなっていた。The COD measurement value was about 0.6% at the beginning in 3.0 hours, and the one treated with heat treatment of fly ash with an alkaline aqueous medium was excellent in the human waste secondary treated water. It can be seen that it is a high-performance treating agent. Also, 3.
When left for 0 hours, what was initially tan was
It was colorless and transparent to the naked eye, and almost no odor was felt.
【００１４】調製例２および３の試料についても、同様
の実験を行ったところ、ＣＯＤ測定値は、３．０時間
で、それぞれ、最初の値の約０．２％および約１．８％
になった。石炭灰をアルカリ水性媒質との加熱反応など
で処理したものは、調製法で多少効果が異なるものの、
し尿に対して、高い３次処理能力を有することがわか
る。Similar experiments were conducted on the samples of Preparation Examples 2 and 3, and the COD measurement value was 3.0 hours at about 0.2% and about 1.8% of the initial values, respectively.
Became. What treated coal ash by heating reaction with alkaline aqueous medium etc., although the effect is slightly different depending on the preparation method,
It can be seen that it has a high tertiary treatment capacity for human waste.
【００１５】実施例２：製紙工場の抄紙排水を活性汚泥
処理した排水について、実施例１と同様にして経時的に
ＣＯＤを測定した。第２表に測定結果を示した。 Example 2 With respect to the wastewater obtained by treating the papermaking wastewater of a paper mill with activated sludge, the COD was measured with time in the same manner as in Example 1. Table 2 shows the measurement results.
【００１６】ＣＯＤの除去率は約９８％にも達してお
り、フライアッシュをアルカリ水性媒質との加熱反応な
どで処理したものは、製紙工業排水の２次処理水に対し
て、効果の大きい高度処理剤であることがわかる。The COD removal rate has reached about 98%, and the one obtained by treating fly ash by a heating reaction with an alkaline aqueous medium has a great effect on the secondary treated water of the papermaking industrial wastewater. It can be seen that it is a treating agent.
【００１７】[0017]
【発明の効果】本発明は、アルカリ処理した石炭灰を用
いて、活性汚泥法などを利用した浄化槽や排水処理装置
で２次処理してもなお着色していたり不快な臭気を放つ
各種排水を、脱色や脱臭および高度処理できるので、地
域住民の環境衛生に貢献するとともに水圏環境の保全に
も寄与する。不完全な脱色・脱臭しかできなかったこれ
までの活性炭処理は不必要になり、活性炭よりも廉価
な、アルカリ処理した石炭灰を吸着およびイオン交換資
材として利用する本法は、経済的にも得策である。ま
た、産業廃棄物として多量に廃出され処理に困っている
石炭灰を積極的に利用しょうとするものなので、環境浄
化・廃棄物処理に役立つという有利な効果を生み出す。
使用済みになった資材は、その陽イオン交換容量が大き
いことを活用して、保肥力を強化改善する土壌改良材と
して農地に施用できる。INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY According to the present invention, various kinds of wastewater that is still colored or gives off an unpleasant odor even after being secondarily treated by a septic tank or a wastewater treatment apparatus using an activated sludge method using alkali-treated coal ash. Since it can be decolorized, deodorized and highly processed, it contributes to the environmental health of local residents and also to the conservation of the aquatic environment. The conventional activated carbon treatment, which was only capable of incomplete decolorization and deodorization, is no longer necessary, and this method, which is cheaper than activated carbon and uses alkali-treated coal ash as an adsorption and ion exchange material, is economically advantageous. Is. Moreover, since coal ash, which is a large amount of industrial waste and is difficult to dispose of, is actively used, it produces an advantageous effect of being useful for environmental purification and waste disposal.
The used material can be applied to farmland as a soil conditioner for strengthening and improving the fertilizing ability by utilizing its large cation exchange capacity.
Claims (3)
ッシュ等の石炭灰から、水酸化ナトリウム水溶液などの
アルカリ水性媒質との加熱反応などの処理によって、生
じさせることを特徴とする、排水の脱臭・脱色および高
度処理剤。1. Deodorization and decolorization of wastewater, characterized by being produced from coal ash such as coal clinker ash and coal fly ash by a treatment such as a heating reaction with an alkaline aqueous medium such as an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide. Advanced treatment agent.
としてケイソウ土やケイ酸ソーダ等のケイ酸富化材や塩
化アルミニウム等のアルミニウム富化材を添加した混合
物と、水酸化ナトリウム水溶液などのアルカリ水性媒質
とを加熱反応などして生じさせることを特徴とする、排
水の脱臭・脱色および高度処理剤。2. A mixture of the coal ash according to claim 1 with a silicic acid-enriching material such as diatomaceous earth or sodium silicate or an aluminum-enriching material such as aluminum chloride as an auxiliary material, and hydroxylation. A deodorizing / decolorizing and highly treating agent for wastewater, which is produced by heating reaction with an alkaline aqueous medium such as sodium aqueous solution.
処理などの生成物を、そのまま、あるいは、形状を加工
したり、他の資材と一体化することにより生じさせるこ
とを特徴とする、排水の脱臭・脱色および高度処理剤。3. The product of the reaction treatment or the like according to claim 1 or 2 is produced as it is, or by processing the shape or by integrating it with another material. A deodorizing and decolorizing agent for wastewater and a high-grade treatment agent.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP6788792A JPH05220387A (en) | 1992-02-07 | 1992-02-07 | Deodorization and decoloration of waste water utilizing coal ash and high-grade processing agent |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP6788792A JPH05220387A (en) | 1992-02-07 | 1992-02-07 | Deodorization and decoloration of waste water utilizing coal ash and high-grade processing agent |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH05220387A true JPH05220387A (en) | 1993-08-31 |
Family
ID=13357859
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP6788792A Pending JPH05220387A (en) | 1992-02-07 | 1992-02-07 | Deodorization and decoloration of waste water utilizing coal ash and high-grade processing agent |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH05220387A (en) |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2005096713A3 (en) * | 2004-04-07 | 2007-10-11 | Moi University | An electro-coagulation method of color removal in wastewater or water with low power consumption |
| KR101526565B1 (en) * | 2008-02-28 | 2015-06-10 | 조선대학교산학협력단 | Flame-retarding composition using waste powder of artificial marble and coal ash, and method of preparing the same |
| WO2015149342A1 (en) * | 2014-04-04 | 2015-10-08 | 朱文华 | New glass-linked reactor and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN111097374A (en) * | 2018-10-25 | 2020-05-05 | 中国科学院生态环境研究中心 | Preparation method of oxygen-carrying and adsorption composite functional material and application of oxygen-carrying and adsorption composite functional material in water body remediation |
| CN111097373A (en) * | 2018-10-25 | 2020-05-05 | 中国科学院生态环境研究中心 | Porous adsorption material, oxygen-carrying and adsorption composite functional material and application thereof |
| CN113735235A (en) * | 2021-09-24 | 2021-12-03 | 华北电力大学（保定） | Fly ash-based magnetic coagulant for treating lead-containing wastewater, and preparation method, application and regeneration method thereof |
-
1992
- 1992-02-07 JP JP6788792A patent/JPH05220387A/en active Pending
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2005096713A3 (en) * | 2004-04-07 | 2007-10-11 | Moi University | An electro-coagulation method of color removal in wastewater or water with low power consumption |
| KR101526565B1 (en) * | 2008-02-28 | 2015-06-10 | 조선대학교산학협력단 | Flame-retarding composition using waste powder of artificial marble and coal ash, and method of preparing the same |
| WO2015149342A1 (en) * | 2014-04-04 | 2015-10-08 | 朱文华 | New glass-linked reactor and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN111097374A (en) * | 2018-10-25 | 2020-05-05 | 中国科学院生态环境研究中心 | Preparation method of oxygen-carrying and adsorption composite functional material and application of oxygen-carrying and adsorption composite functional material in water body remediation |
| CN111097373A (en) * | 2018-10-25 | 2020-05-05 | 中国科学院生态环境研究中心 | Porous adsorption material, oxygen-carrying and adsorption composite functional material and application thereof |
| CN113735235A (en) * | 2021-09-24 | 2021-12-03 | 华北电力大学（保定） | Fly ash-based magnetic coagulant for treating lead-containing wastewater, and preparation method, application and regeneration method thereof |
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