JPH0519700U - damper - Google Patents

Abstract

(57)【要約】 【目的】 捩じり方向と曲げ方向の振動と更に軸方向の
振動とを効率良く減衰させるダンパを提供すること。 【構成】 回転軸に同心的に取付けられる円盤の外周部
に周方向に沿う収容室を設け、その該収容室内を仕切板
で区画して軸方向に併設される第１室と第２室とを形成
する。第１室内に、ジャーナル軸受とスラスト軸受とに
支持させて第１の慣性マスを収容する。第２室内に軸方
向の少くも一側面をゴム状弾性体を介して該第２室の室
壁に結着させた第２の慣性マスを収容させる。そしてこ
れら第１室、第２室に粘性流体を充填させる。 (57) [Abstract] [Purpose] To provide a damper that efficiently damps vibrations in a torsion direction and a bending direction, and further vibrations in an axial direction. A storage chamber along the circumferential direction is provided on the outer peripheral portion of a disk that is concentrically attached to a rotary shaft, and the storage chamber is partitioned by a partition plate, and a first chamber and a second chamber are provided side by side in the axial direction. To form. The first inertia mass is accommodated in the first chamber by being supported by the journal bearing and the thrust bearing. A second inertial mass whose at least one side face in the axial direction is bound to the chamber wall of the second chamber via a rubber-like elastic body is accommodated in the second chamber. Then, the first chamber and the second chamber are filled with the viscous fluid.

Description

【考案の詳細な説明】[Detailed description of the device]

【０００１】[0001]

【産業上の利用分野】[Industrial applications]

本考案は、内燃機関のクランクシャフト等の回転軸に取付けられ、該回転軸の 捩じり振動と曲げ振動を抑制して、機関の振動を低減するダンパに関する。 The present invention relates to a damper that is attached to a rotary shaft such as a crankshaft of an internal combustion engine and that suppresses torsional vibration and bending vibration of the rotary shaft to reduce engine vibration.

【０００２】[0002]

【従来の技術】[Prior Art]

従来、内燃機関のクランクシャフトの振動は気筒内の爆発不平衡や慣性力に起 因して主回転軸上で複雑なモードの振動をしていることが知られる。そしてこれ らの振動は回転軸の疲労破壊や騒音の主な原因の一つであることも知られている 。従来これらの振動の抑制手段として減衰力の大きなビスカスダンパが実用化さ れているが、このダンパは、回転軸と同心的に取付けられる円盤の外周部に周方 向に沿う密閉室内に円周方向に、即ち回転軸の捩じり方向に対して自在に軸受等 で支持される慣性マスを設け且つ該密閉室に粘性流体を充填して、前記慣性マス の円周方向の運動による前記密閉室の内壁面と慣性マスの表面との間の粘性流体 の剪断抵抗によって振動を減衰させている。 Conventionally, it is known that the vibration of the crankshaft of an internal combustion engine causes a complicated mode of vibration on the main rotation axis due to explosion imbalance and inertial force in the cylinder. It is also known that these vibrations are one of the main causes of fatigue failure and noise of the rotating shaft. Conventionally, a viscous damper with a large damping force has been put to practical use as a means for suppressing these vibrations.However, this damper has a circular shape inside a sealed chamber that is circumferentially mounted on the outer circumference of a disk that is mounted concentrically with the rotating shaft. Direction, that is, the inertial mass freely supported by a bearing or the like with respect to the twisting direction of the rotary shaft is provided, and the sealed chamber is filled with a viscous fluid so that the hermetically sealed mass is generated by the movement of the inertial mass in the circumferential direction. Vibration is damped by the shear resistance of the viscous fluid between the inner wall surface of the chamber and the surface of the inertial mass.

【０００３】 このものは、捩じり振動に関してはこれを効果的に減衰させることができるが 、前述のように回転軸の振動は複雑であり、捩じり方向だけでなく、曲げ方向に も軸方向にも又はこれ等の方向の振動が連成して発生している場合もある。This device can effectively damp torsional vibration, but as described above, the vibration of the rotating shaft is complicated, and not only in the torsional direction but also in the bending direction. There are also cases where vibrations in the axial direction or in these directions are generated in combination.

【０００４】 この様な場合は上記ビスカスダンパでは振動や騒音を充分低減させることは出 来なかった。In such a case, the viscous damper has not been able to sufficiently reduce vibration and noise.

【０００５】 一方、捩じり方向と曲げ方向の振動を減衰させるためのダンパも考案されてい る。On the other hand, a damper for attenuating vibrations in the twisting direction and the bending direction has also been devised.

【０００６】[0006]

【考案が解決しようとする課題】[Problems to be solved by the device]

しかし、このものは二方向ともゴムのヒステリシスに依存するものであり、近 年の公害問題に関わる排気ガス対策などのため、内燃機関の筒内圧の上昇による 振動の増大に対処するには充分でなく、又このものは、ゴムが破壊したときの慣 性マスの飛び出し等の安全面からの危険もある。 However, this method depends on the hysteresis of the rubber in both directions, and is not enough to cope with the increase in vibration due to the rise in the cylinder pressure of the internal combustion engine, as measures against exhaust gas related to pollution problems in recent years. There is also a danger from the safety point of view that the inertial mass jumps out when the rubber breaks.

【０００７】 本考案はかゝる現状に鑑み捩じり方向と曲げ方向の振動とを効率良く減衰させ るダンパを提供することをその目的とする。In view of such a current situation, it is an object of the present invention to provide a damper that efficiently damps vibrations in the twisting direction and the bending direction.

【０００８】[0008]

【課題を解決するための手段】[Means for Solving the Problems]

本考案はかゝる目的を達成するため、回転軸に同心的に取付けられる円盤の外 周部に周方向に沿う収容室を設け、該収容室内を仕切板で区画して、軸方向に併 設される第１室と第２室とを形成し、該第１室内に、ジャーナル軸受とスラスト 軸受とに支持させて第１の慣性マスを収容すると共に、該第２室内に軸方向の少 くも一側面をゴム状弾性体を介して該第２室の室壁に結着させた第２の慣性マス を収容させ、且つこれら第１室、第２室に粘性流体を充填して成る。 In order to achieve such an object, the present invention provides a storage chamber along the circumferential direction on the outer peripheral portion of a disk that is concentrically attached to a rotary shaft, and divides the storage chamber by a partition plate so that the storage chamber is aligned in the axial direction. A first chamber and a second chamber are provided, and a first bearing is supported by a journal bearing and a thrust bearing in the first chamber to accommodate the first inertial mass. A second inertial mass whose one side surface is bound to the chamber wall of the second chamber via a rubber-like elastic body is accommodated, and the first chamber and the second chamber are filled with a viscous fluid.

【０００９】[0009]

【作用】[Action]

上記構成を備えるダンパにあっては、第１室内に収容される第１の慣性マスは 、ジャーナル軸受とスラスト軸受とに支持させるため、回転軸に捩じり振動のな い状態では、該第１の慣性マスは粘性流体の粘性力に引きずられる形で円盤と一 体に回転するが、回転軸に捩じり振動が発生すると慣性マスは慣性力で一定の回 転を続けようとするに対し円盤は捩じり振動に伴う振動を伴った回転をするため 、該円盤と第１の慣性マスとの間に相対的な捩じり振動変位がおこり、該第１の 慣性マスの表面と第１室の内壁面との間で粘性流体は剪断力を受け、捩じり振動 エネルギーは熱エネルギーに置換されて振動を減衰させる。 In the damper having the above structure, the first inertial mass accommodated in the first chamber is supported by the journal bearing and the thrust bearing, so that the first inertial mass is supported by the rotary shaft without torsional vibration. The inertial mass of No. 1 rotates integrally with the disk in the form of being dragged by the viscous force of the viscous fluid. However, when torsional vibration occurs on the rotating shaft, the inertial mass tries to continue to rotate with a certain amount of inertial force. On the other hand, since the disk rotates with vibration associated with the torsional vibration, a relative torsional vibration displacement occurs between the disk and the first inertial mass, and the surface of the first inertial mass is The viscous fluid receives a shearing force between itself and the inner wall surface of the first chamber, and the torsional vibration energy is replaced with thermal energy to damp the vibration.

【００１０】 該第２室内に収容される第２の慣性マスは、軸方向の少くも一側面をゴム状弾 性体を介して該第２室の室壁に結着されるため、構造的には捩じり方向、曲げ方 向、並びに軸方向の振動を減衰させる方向に働く、即ち三方向の振動を全て減衰 させることができるが、一般的に回転軸の三方向の振動数比は一定でなく、従っ て三方向の振動数全てを減衰させることは難しい。The second inertial mass housed in the second chamber is structurally connected to the chamber wall of the second chamber through at least one side surface in the axial direction via the rubber-like elastic body. Can act in a direction to damp torsional, bending, and axial vibrations, that is, it can damp vibrations in all three directions. It is not constant and accordingly it is difficult to damp all three frequencies.

【００１１】 そこで第２の慣性マスとゴム状弾性体から成る曲げ方向の固有振動数を回転軸 の曲げ方向の励振振動数に一致させ、第２の慣性マスを曲げ方向の振動に共振さ せることにより発生するゴム状弾性体の剪断歪みによるゴム状弾性体内部のヒス テリシス損失と、慣性マスの自由表面とそれに対抗する粘性流体の剪断抵抗力に より、回転軸の曲げ方向の振動エネルギーを熱エネルギーに置換し減衰する。Therefore, the natural frequency in the bending direction composed of the second inertial mass and the rubber-like elastic body is made to match the excitation frequency in the bending direction of the rotating shaft, and the second inertial mass is resonated with the vibration in the bending direction. Due to the hysteresis loss inside the rubber-like elastic body due to the shear strain of the rubber-like elastic body generated by this, and the shear resistance force of the viscous fluid against the free surface of the inertial mass, the vibration energy in the bending direction of the rotating shaft is Replace with heat energy and attenuate.

【００１２】[0012]

【実施例】【Example】

本考案を図示する実施例に付き説明する。 図で１は回転軸に同心的に取付けられる円盤、２はその外周部に設けた周方向 に沿う収容室を示し、該収容室２内を仕切板３で区画して、軸方向に併設される 第１室４と第２室５とを形成し、該第１室４内に、ジャーナル軸受６とスラスト 軸受７とに支持させて第１の慣性マス８を収容すると共に、該第２室５内に軸方 向の少くも一側面をゴム状弾性体９を介して該第２室５の室壁に結着させた第２ の慣性マス１０を収容させ、且つこれら第１室４、第２室５に粘性流体ａを充填 させてさせたもので、これを更に詳細に説明すると、図１乃至図４に示すものは 、円盤の一側面外周部に一側に開口２ａを備えた周方向に沿う収容室２を形成し 、該収容室２内を仕切板３で区画して、軸方向に併設される第１室４と第２室５ とを形成し、該第１室４への第１の慣性マス８の組付けは、該第１の慣性マス８ の内側でジャーナル軸受６を施すと共に該第１の慣性マス８の両側にそれぞれス ラスト軸受７を施した状態で取付け、その後仕切板３を施して、第１室４と第２ 室５とに区画形成し、次いで該第２室５内に第２の慣性マス１０を収容させる。 この場合該仕切板３の一側に予め第２の慣性マス１０をゴム状弾性体９で加硫結 着させておけば、該第２室５への第２の慣性マス１０の取付けが簡単となる。そ の後該開口２ａに密閉蓋１１をカシメ止めして該開口２ａを閉じるようにした。 尚この実施例では第１室４並びに第２室５にそれぞれ粘性流体注入口１２、１３ を設けた。かくするときは、第１室４並びに第２室５に粘性の異なる粘性流体を 充填することが出来て、次のような利点がある。 The present invention will be described with reference to the illustrated embodiments. In the figure, 1 is a disk that is concentrically attached to a rotary shaft, and 2 is a storage chamber that is provided on the outer periphery of the storage chamber and that extends in the circumferential direction. A first chamber 4 and a second chamber 5 are formed, and the first inertia mass 8 is accommodated in the first chamber 4 by being supported by a journal bearing 6 and a thrust bearing 7. A second inertial mass 10 of which at least one side surface in the axial direction is bound to the chamber wall of the second chamber 5 through a rubber-like elastic body 9 is accommodated in the first chamber 4, and the first chamber 4, The second chamber 5 is filled with a viscous fluid a. This will be described in more detail. The one shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 has an opening 2a on one side on the outer peripheral portion of one side surface of the disk. A storage chamber 2 along the circumferential direction is formed, and the inside of the storage chamber 2 is partitioned by a partition plate 3 to form a first chamber 4 and a second chamber 5 that are arranged side by side in the axial direction. Assembling of the first inertial mass 8 to the first chamber 4 was performed by providing the journal bearings 6 inside the first inertial mass 8 and thrust bearings 7 on both sides of the first inertial mass 8. It is attached in a state, and then the partition plate 3 is applied to divide and form the first chamber 4 and the second chamber 5, and then the second inertial mass 10 is accommodated in the second chamber 5. In this case, if the second inertial mass 10 is vulcanized and bonded to the one side of the partition plate 3 with the rubber-like elastic body 9, the second inertial mass 10 can be easily attached to the second chamber 5. Becomes After that, the sealing lid 11 is caulked to the opening 2a to close the opening 2a. In this embodiment, the viscous fluid inlets 12 and 13 are provided in the first chamber 4 and the second chamber 5, respectively. In this case, the first chamber 4 and the second chamber 5 can be filled with viscous fluids having different viscosities, which has the following advantages.

【００１３】 即ち、この種ダンパには通常１０万センチストークス乃至６０万センチストー クス程度の粘性流体が用いられる。That is, a viscous fluid of about 100,000 centistokes to 600,000 centistokes is usually used for this type of damper.

【００１４】 しかし励振力に対する粘性流体の粘度が大き過ぎると振動マスはその動きを拘 束され過ぎて相対運動が起こらず、従って粘性剪断力が作用しないし、粘性流体 の粘度が小さすぎると、相対運動は起きるが、粘性剪断力は小さく減衰効果が少 ないなる。However, if the viscosity of the viscous fluid with respect to the excitation force is too large, the vibrating mass is excessively constrained in its movement and relative movement does not occur, so viscous shearing force does not act, and if the viscosity of the viscous fluid is too small, Relative motion occurs, but viscous shear force is small and damping effect is small.

【００１５】 従って、第１室４並びに第２室５に粘性の異なる粘性流体を充填することが出 来るようにすれば、第１室４に設けた慣性マス８と第２室５に設けた慣性マス１ ０とで吸収しようとする振動に見合った粘度の粘性流体を充填出来て有利である 。尚、１４、１５は該粘性流体注入口１２、１３に施した栓を示す。Therefore, if it becomes possible to fill the first chamber 4 and the second chamber 5 with viscous fluids having different viscosities, the inertial mass 8 provided in the first chamber 4 and the second chamber 5 are provided. It is advantageous that the viscous fluid having a viscosity suitable for the vibration to be absorbed by the inertial mass 10 can be filled. Reference numerals 14 and 15 denote plugs provided to the viscous fluid inlets 12 and 13.

【００１６】 図５に示すものは、収容室２内を仕切板３で区画して、軸方向に併設される第 １室４と第２室５とを形成し、該第１室４内に、ジャーナル軸受６とスラスト軸 受７とに支持させて第１の慣性マス８を収容すると共に、該第２室５内に軸方向 の少くも一側面をゴム状弾性体９を介して該第２室５の室壁に結着させた第２の 慣性マス１０を収容させ、且つ開口２ａを密閉蓋１１で閉じ、更に第１室４、第 ２室５に粘性流体ａを充填させてさせたこと、先の実施例と特に変わらないが、 この実施例では密閉蓋１１の内面に予め第２の慣性マス１０をゴム状弾性体９で 加硫結着して取付けると共に、仕切板３に貫通穴１６を設け、第１室４と第２室 ５に共通の粘性流体ａを充填させるようにした。In the structure shown in FIG. 5, the interior of the accommodation chamber 2 is divided by a partition plate 3 to form a first chamber 4 and a second chamber 5 that are arranged side by side in the axial direction, and the interior of the first chamber 4 is defined. The first inertia mass 8 is accommodated by being supported by the journal bearing 6 and the thrust bearing 7, and the first inertia mass 8 is accommodated in the second chamber 5 with at least one side face in the axial direction via a rubber-like elastic body 9. The second inertial mass 10 bound to the chamber walls of the two chambers 5 is accommodated, the opening 2a is closed by the sealing lid 11, and the first chamber 4 and the second chamber 5 are filled with the viscous fluid a. In this embodiment, the second inertial mass 10 is preliminarily vulcanized and attached by the rubber-like elastic body 9 to the inner surface of the sealing lid 11, and the partition plate 3 is attached. A through hole 16 is provided so that the first chamber 4 and the second chamber 5 are filled with the common viscous fluid a.

【００１７】 １７は第１室４に設けた粘性流体注入口、１８は該注入口１７に施した栓を示 す。尚、密閉蓋１１の内面に予め第２の慣性マス１０をゴム状弾性体９で加硫結 着して取付けるものにあって、該第１室４と第２室５にそれぞれ別の粘性流体を 注入したい場合は、図６に示すごとく該第２の慣性マス１０並びにゴム状弾性体 ９を貫通する通路１９を設ければ良い。Reference numeral 17 denotes a viscous fluid inlet provided in the first chamber 4, and 18 denotes a plug provided at the inlet 17. It should be noted that the second inertial mass 10 is attached to the inner surface of the sealing lid 11 by vulcanization and bonding with the rubber-like elastic body 9 in advance, and different viscous fluids are provided in the first chamber 4 and the second chamber 5, respectively. If it is desired to inject, a passage 19 penetrating the second inertial mass 10 and the rubber-like elastic body 9 may be provided as shown in FIG.

【００１８】 尚、この実施例では該円盤１の外周に内燃機関から出力を取出すためのベルト 等を掛けるＶ溝２０を一体に設けた。In this embodiment, a V-groove 20 is integrally provided on the outer circumference of the disk 1 for hanging a belt for taking out the output from the internal combustion engine.

【００１９】 尚上述の実施例では円盤１に設けた複数の孔２１にボルト等で回転軸Ａを取付 けるようにしたが、これは図７に示すごとく該円盤１にボス部を設け、該ボス部 に回転軸Ａを取付けるようにしても良い。In the above-described embodiment, the rotary shaft A can be attached to the plurality of holes 21 provided in the disc 1 with bolts or the like. However, as shown in FIG. The rotating shaft A may be attached to the boss portion.

【００２０】[0020]

【考案の効果】[Effect of the device]

上記構成を備える請求項１記載のダンパにあっては、第１室内に収容される第 １の慣性マスによって捩じり振動エネルギーを熱エネルギーに置換されて該振動 を減衰させ得ると共に、該第２室内に収容される第２の慣性マスによって、回転 軸の曲げ方向の振動エネルギーを熱エネルギーに置換し減衰出来、捩りと曲げの 二方向の振動を減衰できるの効果がある。更に第２の振動マスとゴム状弾性体か らなる軸方向の固有振動数を回転軸の軸方向の励振振動数に一致させた場合には 、捩りと軸の二方向の振動を減衰出来る効果もある。 In the damper according to claim 1 having the above-mentioned structure, the torsional vibration energy can be replaced with the heat energy by the first inertial mass contained in the first chamber to damp the vibration, and The second inertial mass accommodated in the two chambers has an effect that vibration energy in the bending direction of the rotating shaft can be replaced with thermal energy and attenuated, and vibrations in two directions of torsion and bending can be attenuated. Furthermore, when the natural frequency in the axial direction consisting of the second vibrating mass and the rubber-like elastic body is made to coincide with the excitation frequency in the axial direction of the rotating shaft, the effect that the vibration in the two directions of torsion and shaft can be damped There is also.

【００２１】 請求項２記載にように、第１室と第２室とに粘性の異なる粘性流体を充填させ れば、発生する振動数に合った粘性流体をそれぞれ充填できて、より効率良く二 軸方向の振動を減衰させることが出来る。When the first chamber and the second chamber are filled with viscous fluids having different viscosities, it is possible to fill the viscous fluids corresponding to the generated frequencies respectively, so that the two chambers can be more efficiently used. Vibration in the axial direction can be damped.

【００２２】 請求項３記載にように、第１室と第２室とを連通させて、両室に共通の粘性流 体を充填させるようにすれば、共通の粘性流体を使用出来る場合に於いて、その 充填が容易と成る。When the first chamber and the second chamber are communicated with each other and both chambers are filled with the common viscous fluid, the common viscous fluid can be used. And the filling becomes easy.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of drawings]

【図１】 本考案実施の１例の截断側面図FIG. 1 is a cutaway side view of an embodiment of the present invention.

【図２】 図１の半部を切除した正面図FIG. 2 is a front view of the half of FIG. 1 cut away.

【図３】 図１の要部の拡大截断側面図FIG. 3 is an enlarged cutaway side view of the main part of FIG.

【図４】 仕切板の截断側面図FIG. 4 is a cutaway side view of the partition plate.

【図５】 他の実施例の要部の拡大截断側面図FIG. 5 is an enlarged cutaway side view of a main part of another embodiment.

【図６】 更に他の実施例の要部の拡大截断側面図FIG. 6 is an enlarged cutaway side view of a main part of still another embodiment.

【図７】 更に他の実施例の要部の拡大截断側面図FIG. 7 is an enlarged cutaway side view of a main part of still another embodiment.

【符号の説明】[Explanation of symbols]

１ 円盤 ２ 収容室
３ 仕切板 ４ 第１室 ５ 第１室
６ ジャーナル軸受 ７ スラスト軸受 ８ 第１の慣性マス
９ ゴム状弾性体 １０ 第２の慣性マス ａ 粘性流体1 disk 2 accommodation room
3 Partition plate 4 First chamber 5 First chamber
6 Journal bearing 7 Thrust bearing 8 First inertial mass
9 Rubber-like elastic body 10 Second inertia mass a Viscous fluid

Claims (3)

【実用新案登録請求の範囲】[Scope of utility model registration request] 【請求項１】 回転軸に同心的に取付けられる円盤の外
周部に周方向に沿う収容室を設け、該収容室内を仕切板
で区画して、軸方向に併設される第１室と第２室とを形
成し、該第１室内に、ジャーナル軸受とスラスト軸受と
に支持させて第１の慣性マスを収容すると共に、該第２
室内に軸方向の少くも一側面をゴム状弾性体を介して該
第２室の室壁に結着させた第２の慣性マスを収容させ、
且つこれら第１室、第２室に粘性流体を充填して成るダ
ンパ。1. A storage chamber along the circumferential direction is provided on the outer peripheral portion of a disk that is concentrically attached to a rotary shaft, and the storage chamber is partitioned by a partition plate, and the first chamber and the second chamber are provided side by side in the axial direction. A first chamber and a second bearing for accommodating a first inertia mass supported by a journal bearing and a thrust bearing in the first chamber.
A second inertial mass having at least one side face in the axial direction bound to the chamber wall of the second chamber through a rubber-like elastic body is housed in the chamber,
A damper formed by filling the first chamber and the second chamber with a viscous fluid. 【請求項２】 第１室と第２室とに粘性の異なる粘性流
体を充填して成る実用新案登録請求の範囲第１項記載の
ダンパ。2. The damper according to claim 1, wherein the first chamber and the second chamber are filled with viscous fluids having different viscosities. 【請求項３】 第１室と第２室とを連通させて、両室に
共通の粘性流体を充填して成る実用新案登録請求の範囲
第１項記載のダンパ。3. The damper according to claim 1, wherein the first chamber and the second chamber are communicated with each other and both chambers are filled with a common viscous fluid.