JPH05149137A - Piston and setting of fuel injection direction - Google Patents
Piston and setting of fuel injection directionInfo
- Publication number
- JPH05149137A JPH05149137A JP3332889A JP33288991A JPH05149137A JP H05149137 A JPH05149137 A JP H05149137A JP 3332889 A JP3332889 A JP 3332889A JP 33288991 A JP33288991 A JP 33288991A JP H05149137 A JPH05149137 A JP H05149137A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- piston
- combustion chamber
- fuel injection
- injection
- fuel
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B23/00—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation
- F02B23/02—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition
- F02B23/06—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston
- F02B23/0696—W-piston bowl, i.e. the combustion space having a central projection pointing towards the cylinder head and the surrounding wall being inclined towards the cylinder wall
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B23/00—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation
- F02B23/02—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition
- F02B23/06—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston
- F02B23/0645—Details related to the fuel injector or the fuel spray
- F02B23/0669—Details related to the fuel injector or the fuel spray having multiple fuel spray jets per injector nozzle
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B2275/00—Other engines, components or details, not provided for in other groups of this subclass
- F02B2275/14—Direct injection into combustion chamber
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B3/00—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition
- F02B3/06—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition with compression ignition
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion Methods Of Internal-Combustion Engines (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は４サイクルディ−ゼル機
関のピストンの燃焼室と燃料噴射ノズルの噴霧による冷
却に係り、詳しくは噴射弁の噴射方向の設定方法に関す
る。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to cooling by spraying a combustion chamber of a piston and a fuel injection nozzle of a four-cycle diesel engine, and more particularly to a method of setting an injection direction of an injection valve.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】ディ−ゼル機関の排気エミッション低減
における燃焼の改善において、リエンラント形の燃焼室
はその主流をなす燃焼室形状となっている。しかしなが
らリエントラント形の燃焼室においても、燃焼室とピス
トン上面とでなす周縁部は温度上昇を伴うのでその耐久
性や信頼性が懸念される。そのために従来から温度低減
手段を講じているが、これには ピストンの燃焼室下面
のオイル冷却、例えば実開昭６０−１１６０２１号公報
によるもの、 リム部冷却空洞によるオイル冷却等の種
々の対応策が考えられてきた。2. Description of the Related Art In improving combustion in reducing exhaust emission of a diesel engine, a reentrant type combustion chamber has a main combustion chamber shape. However, even in a reentrant type combustion chamber, the peripheral edge formed by the combustion chamber and the upper surface of the piston is accompanied by a temperature rise, and therefore its durability and reliability are concerned. For that purpose, a temperature reducing means has been conventionally adopted, but various measures such as oil cooling of the lower surface of the combustion chamber of the piston, for example, according to Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 60-116021, oil cooling by a rim cooling cavity, etc. Has been considered.
【０００３】[0003]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかしこれらの冷却で
は、ピストン上面近くの燃焼室部分、すなわち、周縁部
は前記冷却から離れているため冷却効果が薄れてしま
う。一方、燃焼性能の面からは周縁部はよりシャ−プな
形状が求められており、信頼性や耐久性の点で相反する
ことになる。したがって周縁部の冷却は特に必要である
が従来、上記のような理由で不可能であった。また、一
般に燃焼室周縁部の亀裂は燃焼室とバルブリセス（逃
げ）の交差部や、周縁部のピストンピン方向に引張応力
（亀裂につながる）が、直交方向には圧縮応力が発生す
るため、各々のピストンにおいて冷却部位を限定する必
要があった。However, in these types of cooling, since the combustion chamber portion near the upper surface of the piston, that is, the peripheral portion is separated from the cooling, the cooling effect is weakened. On the other hand, in terms of combustion performance, the peripheral portion is required to have a sharper shape, which conflicts with respect to reliability and durability. Therefore, cooling of the peripheral portion is particularly necessary, but conventionally it has been impossible for the above reasons. In general, cracks in the periphery of the combustion chamber cause tensile stress (which leads to cracks) in the intersection of the combustion chamber and valve recess (relief) and in the direction of the piston pin in the periphery, but compressive stress occurs in the orthogonal direction. It was necessary to limit the cooling area in the piston.
【０００４】本発明はピストン冷却にはオイルを用いる
以外に燃料の気化熱による冷却があるところから、噴射
され噴霧の当たる部分は気化され、気化熱により冷却さ
れることに着目して噴霧の方向を調整し、冷却位置を限
定することのできるピストンと燃料噴射方向の設定方法
を提供して従来技術の持つ欠点の解消を図ることを目的
としてなされたものである。In the present invention, in addition to the use of oil for cooling the piston, there is cooling by the heat of vaporization of the fuel. Therefore, paying attention to the fact that the portion where the spray is hit is vaporized and cooled by the heat of vaporization The purpose of this invention is to solve the drawbacks of the prior art by providing a piston and a method of setting the fuel injection direction that can limit the cooling position.
【０００５】[0005]
【課題を解決するための手段および作用】上記従来技術
の問題点を解決する手段として本発明はディ−ゼル機関
の直接噴射方式におけるピストン燃焼室の冷却におい
て、燃料噴射ノズルの噴孔からの噴射のうち、少なくと
も１つはピストンピン軸の真上の燃焼室周縁に噴射され
るようにしたことを特徴とする。As a means for solving the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, the present invention is directed to injection from a nozzle hole of a fuel injection nozzle in cooling a piston combustion chamber in a direct injection system of a diesel engine. At least one of them is characterized in that it is injected into the periphery of the combustion chamber just above the piston pin axis.
【０００６】[0006]
【実施例】図１乃至図６は本発明のピストンと燃料噴射
方向の設定方法の一実施例を示し、図７乃至図１２は本
発明の他の実施例を示す。1 to 6 show an embodiment of a method of setting a piston and a fuel injection direction according to the present invention, and FIGS. 7 to 12 show another embodiment of the present invention.
【０００７】本発明はディ−ゼル機関の直接噴射方式に
おけるピストン１燃焼室２の冷却において、燃料噴射ノ
ズル３の噴孔４からの噴射のうち、少なくとも１つはピ
ストンピン軸５の真上の燃焼室周縁６に噴射されるよう
にした方法である。According to the present invention, in cooling the piston 1 combustion chamber 2 in the direct injection system of a diesel engine, at least one of the injections from the injection holes 4 of the fuel injection nozzle 3 is directly above the piston pin shaft 5. In this method, the fuel is injected to the peripheral edge 6 of the combustion chamber.
【０００８】図１は４バルブでピストン１の中心とリエ
ントラント型またはトロイダル型の燃焼室２の中心とが
一致している場合の噴射ノズル３の噴孔４からの噴射を
示したものである。図２以下に噴孔４の個数の違いによ
る噴射方法（設定）を順に示す。図２は図１における燃
料噴射ノズル３の噴孔４が４個ある場合を示し、この場
合は少なくとも噴孔４のうち、２個が点線で示すピスト
ンピン軸５の真上にあるため、２個所の噴射方向の設定
が可能である。図３は図１における燃料噴射ノズル３の
噴孔４が５個ある場合を示し、この場合はピストンピン
軸５の真上にある噴孔４は１個のみの設定となり排気バ
ルブ側を優先している。図４は同様に燃料噴射ノズル３
の噴孔４が６個ある場合を示し、この場合は偶数である
から、図２と同様２個所の噴射方向の設定が可能であ
る。図５は燃料噴射ノズル３の噴孔４が７個ある場合を
示し、この場合は奇数であるから、図３と同様１個のみ
の設定となる。図６は燃料噴射ノズル３の噴孔４が８個
ある場合を示し、この場合は偶数であるから、２ヵ所の
噴射方向の設定が可能である。したがって噴孔４が偶数
の場合は２個所、奇数の場合は１個所となるが、ピスト
ンピン軸５と交差する燃焼室周縁６部分の冷却が可能と
なる。各図において７は排気バルブの逃げで７´は吸気
バルブの逃げでありピストン上面８より０．５〜３ｍｍ
程度低くなっている。FIG. 1 shows the injection from the injection hole 4 of the injection nozzle 3 when the center of the piston 1 and the center of the reentrant type or toroidal type combustion chamber 2 are coincident with each other with four valves. The injection method (setting) depending on the number of the injection holes 4 will be shown in order from FIG. 2 onward. FIG. 2 shows a case in which there are four injection holes 4 of the fuel injection nozzle 3 in FIG. 1, and in this case, at least two of the injection holes 4 are right above the piston pin shaft 5 indicated by the dotted line. It is possible to set the injection direction at each point. FIG. 3 shows a case where there are five injection holes 4 of the fuel injection nozzle 3 in FIG. 1. In this case, only one injection hole 4 is located directly above the piston pin shaft 5, and the exhaust valve side is given priority. ing. FIG. 4 similarly shows the fuel injection nozzle 3
6 shows the case where there are six injection holes 4, and in this case the number is even, so it is possible to set the injection directions at two locations as in FIG. FIG. 5 shows a case where there are seven injection holes 4 of the fuel injection nozzle 3. In this case, since the number is odd, only one is set as in FIG. FIG. 6 shows a case where there are eight injection holes 4 of the fuel injection nozzle 3. In this case, since the number is even, two injection directions can be set. Therefore, when the number of the injection holes 4 is even, the number is two, and when the number is odd, the number is one, but the peripheral portion 6 of the combustion chamber intersecting the piston pin shaft 5 can be cooled. In each figure, 7 is the relief of the exhaust valve and 7'is the relief of the intake valve, which is 0.5 to 3 mm from the piston upper surface 8.
It is getting lower.
【０００９】図７は２バルブでピストン１′の中心Ｏと
リエントラント型またはトロイダル型の燃焼室２′の中
心Ｏ1 とが不一致（偏心）の場合の噴射ノズル３の噴孔
４からの噴射を示したもので、図８以下に噴孔４の個数
の違いによる噴射方法（設定）を順に示す。図８は図７
における燃料噴射ノズル３の噴孔４が４個ある場合を示
し、この場合は少なくとも噴孔４のうち、２個が点線で
示すピストンピン軸５の真上にあるため、２個所の噴射
方向の設定が可能である。図９は図７における燃料噴射
ノズル３の噴孔４が５個ある場合を示し、この場合はピ
ストンピン軸５の真上にある噴孔４は１個のみの設定と
なり排気バルブ側を優先している。図１０は同様に燃料
噴射ノズル３の噴孔４が６個ある場合を示し、この場合
は偶数であるから、図８と同様２個所の噴射方向の設定
が可能である。図１１は燃料噴射ノズル３の噴孔４が７
個ある場合を示し、この場合は奇数ではあるから、図９
と同様１個の設定が可能となる。図１２は燃料噴射ノズ
ル３の噴孔４が８個ある場合を示し、この場合は偶数で
あるから、２ヵ所の噴射方向の設定が可能である。した
がって噴孔４が偶数の場合は２個所、奇数の場合は図１
１の例外を除き１個所となるが、ピストンピン軸５と交
差する燃焼室周縁６′部分の冷却が可能である。各図に
おいて７は排気バルブの逃げで７´は吸気バルブの逃げ
でありピストン上面８より０．５〜３ｍｍ程度低くなっ
ている。FIG. 7 shows the injection from the injection hole 4 of the injection nozzle 3 in the case where the center O of the piston 1'and the center O1 of the reentrant or toroidal combustion chamber 2'are not coincident (eccentric) in the two valve type. The injection method (setting) depending on the difference in the number of injection holes 4 is shown in order from FIG. 8 onward. FIG. 8 is FIG.
4 shows the case where there are four injection holes 4 of the fuel injection nozzle 3. In this case, at least two of the injection holes 4 are right above the piston pin shaft 5 indicated by the dotted line, Can be set. FIG. 9 shows a case in which there are five injection holes 4 of the fuel injection nozzle 3 in FIG. 7. In this case, only one injection hole 4 is located directly above the piston pin shaft 5, and the exhaust valve side is given priority. ing. Similarly, FIG. 10 shows a case where there are six injection holes 4 of the fuel injection nozzle 3. In this case, since the number is even, two injection directions can be set as in FIG. In FIG. 11, the injection hole 4 of the fuel injection nozzle 3 is 7
FIG. 9 shows the case where there are individual pieces, which is an odd number in this case.
It becomes possible to set one as in the above. FIG. 12 shows a case where there are eight injection holes 4 of the fuel injection nozzle 3. In this case, since the number is even, it is possible to set the injection directions at two locations. Therefore, if the injection holes 4 are even, there are two;
Although there is one exception with the exception of 1, it is possible to cool the peripheral portion 6'of the combustion chamber intersecting the piston pin shaft 5. In each figure, 7 is the relief of the exhaust valve and 7'is the relief of the intake valve, which is lower than the piston upper surface 8 by about 0.5 to 3 mm.
【００１０】なお、前記冷却は何れの場合も排気バルブ
側を優先して行うものとし、また、噴射ノズル３の噴霧
角は不等ピッチとしてできるだけピストンピン軸５上に
２個位置させるようにしても良い。特に前記他の実施例
の場合（ピストン１′の中心Ｏと燃焼室２′の中心Ｏ1
とが不一致の場合）は面積を均等割とするため不等ピッ
チが採用される。In any case, the cooling is performed by giving priority to the exhaust valve side, and the spray angles of the injection nozzles 3 are made to have unequal pitches, and two spray pins are positioned on the piston pin shaft 5 as much as possible. Is also good. Particularly in the case of the other embodiment (center O of piston 1'and center O1 of combustion chamber 2 ')
If and do not match), the uneven pitch is used to evenly divide the area.
【００１１】[0011]
【発明の効果】以上説明したように本発明は、ディ−ゼ
ル機関の直接噴射方式におけるピストン燃焼室の冷却に
おいて、燃料噴射ノズルの噴孔からの噴射のうち、少な
くとも１つはピストンピン軸の真上の燃焼室周縁に噴射
されるようにしたから、噴射された燃焼室の周縁は冷却
され、これにより従来生じた亀裂等の発生は防止される
ことになる。As described above, according to the present invention, in cooling the piston combustion chamber in the direct injection system of the diesel engine, at least one of the injections from the injection holes of the fuel injection nozzle is the piston pin shaft. Since the fuel is injected directly above the peripheral edge of the combustion chamber, the peripheral edge of the injected combustion chamber is cooled, thereby preventing the occurrence of cracks and the like that conventionally occur.
【図１】本発明にかかるピストンの燃焼室と燃料噴射ノ
ズルの関係を示す一実施例の断面を示す説明図である。FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing a cross section of an embodiment showing a relationship between a combustion chamber of a piston and a fuel injection nozzle according to the present invention.
【図２】図１において、燃料噴射ノズルの噴孔が４の場
合の噴霧位置を示す上面の説明図である。FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of an upper surface showing a spray position when the number of injection holes of the fuel injection nozzle is 4 in FIG.
【図３】図１において、燃料噴射ノズルの噴孔が５の場
合の噴霧位置を示す上面の説明図である。FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of an upper surface showing a spray position when the number of injection holes of the fuel injection nozzle is 5 in FIG.
【図４】図１において、燃料噴射ノズルの噴孔が６の場
合の噴霧位置を示す上面の説明図である。FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of an upper surface showing a spraying position when there are 6 injection holes in the fuel injection nozzle in FIG. 1.
【図５】図１において、燃料噴射ノズルの噴孔が７の場
合の噴霧位置を示す上面の説明図である。FIG. 5 is an explanatory view of the upper surface showing the spray position when the injection hole of the fuel injection nozzle is 7 in FIG.
【図６】図１において、燃料噴射ノズルの噴孔が８の場
合の噴霧位置を示す上面の説明図である。FIG. 6 is an explanatory view of the upper surface showing the spray position when the number of injection holes of the fuel injection nozzle is 8 in FIG.
【図７】本発明にかかるピストンの燃焼室と燃料噴射ノ
ズルの関係を示す他の実施例の断面を示す説明図であ
る。FIG. 7 is an explanatory view showing a cross section of another embodiment showing the relationship between the combustion chamber of the piston and the fuel injection nozzle according to the present invention.
【図８】図７において、燃料噴射ノズルの噴孔が４の場
合の噴霧位置を示す上面の説明図である。FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram of the upper surface showing the spray position when the number of the injection holes of the fuel injection nozzle is 4 in FIG.
【図９】図７において、燃料噴射ノズルの噴孔が５の場
合の噴霧位置を示す上面の説明図である。FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram of the upper surface showing the spray position when the number of injection holes of the fuel injection nozzle is 5 in FIG.
【図１０】図７において、燃料噴射ノズルの噴孔が６の
場合の噴霧位置を示す上面の説明図である。FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram of the upper surface showing the spray position when the injection hole of the fuel injection nozzle is 6 in FIG.
【図１１】図７において、燃料噴射ノズルの噴孔が７の
場合の噴霧位置を示す上面の説明図である。FIG. 11 is an explanatory view of the upper surface showing the spray position when the injection hole of the fuel injection nozzle is 7 in FIG.
【図１２】図７において、燃料噴射ノズルの噴孔が８の
場合の噴霧位置を示す上面の説明図であるFIG. 12 is an explanatory diagram of the upper surface showing the spray position when the injection hole of the fuel injection nozzle is 8 in FIG.
１，１′ ピストン ２，２′ 燃焼室 ３ 燃料噴射ノズル ４ 噴孔 ５ ピストンピン軸および穴 ６，６′ 燃焼室
周縁 ７ 排気バルブの逃げ ７′ 吸気バ
ルブの逃げ1,1 'Piston 2,2' Combustion chamber 3 Fuel injection nozzle 4 Injection hole 5 Piston pin shaft and hole 6,6 'Combustion chamber peripheral edge 7 Exhaust valve escape 7'Intake valve escape
Claims (1)
ピストン燃焼室の冷却において、燃料噴射ノズルの噴孔
からの噴射のうち、少なくとも１つはピストンピン軸の
真上の燃焼室周縁に噴射されるようにしたことを特徴と
するピストンと燃料噴射方向の設定方法。1. In cooling a piston combustion chamber in a direct injection system of a diesel engine, at least one of injections from injection holes of a fuel injection nozzle is injected to a peripheral edge of the combustion chamber immediately above a piston pin axis. The method for setting the piston and the fuel injection direction is characterized in that
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3332889A JPH05149137A (en) | 1991-11-22 | 1991-11-22 | Piston and setting of fuel injection direction |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3332889A JPH05149137A (en) | 1991-11-22 | 1991-11-22 | Piston and setting of fuel injection direction |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH05149137A true JPH05149137A (en) | 1993-06-15 |
Family
ID=18259936
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3332889A Pending JPH05149137A (en) | 1991-11-22 | 1991-11-22 | Piston and setting of fuel injection direction |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH05149137A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1344914A1 (en) * | 2002-03-15 | 2003-09-17 | Institut Francais Du Petrole | Internal combustion engine having fuel injection device |
-
1991
- 1991-11-22 JP JP3332889A patent/JPH05149137A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1344914A1 (en) * | 2002-03-15 | 2003-09-17 | Institut Francais Du Petrole | Internal combustion engine having fuel injection device |
| FR2837238A1 (en) * | 2002-03-15 | 2003-09-19 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE WITH FUEL INJECTION DEVICE |
| US6675767B2 (en) | 2002-03-15 | 2004-01-13 | Institut Francais Du Petrole | Internal-combustion engine with fuel injection device |
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