JPH05115438A - Ophthalmic device - Google Patents
Ophthalmic deviceInfo
- Publication number
- JPH05115438A JPH05115438A JP3277696A JP27769691A JPH05115438A JP H05115438 A JPH05115438 A JP H05115438A JP 3277696 A JP3277696 A JP 3277696A JP 27769691 A JP27769691 A JP 27769691A JP H05115438 A JPH05115438 A JP H05115438A
- Authority
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- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- eye
- image information
- spot light
- testee
- sight
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- Eye Examination Apparatus (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、被検者の眼の前眼部観
察機能をもった眼科装置に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an ophthalmologic apparatus having a function of observing the anterior segment of a subject's eye.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】眼の眼屈折力を測定するレフラクトメー
タや、角膜の曲率半径を測定するケラトメータ、さらに
は前記両メータの機能を兼備するような各種の眼科装置
が実用化されている。2. Description of the Related Art A refractometer for measuring the refractive power of the eye, a keratometer for measuring the radius of curvature of the cornea, and various ophthalmologic devices having the functions of both the meters have been put into practical use.
【０００３】ところで、この種の眼科装置においては、
眼の前眼部の観察や測定に対して、観察エラー又は測定
エラーの判断基準や測定精度向上のため、眼の視線の方
向を検知することがしばしば要請される。By the way, in this type of ophthalmic apparatus,
For the observation and measurement of the anterior segment of the eye, it is often required to detect the direction of the line of sight of the eye in order to improve the accuracy of the observation error or the criterion for the measurement error and the measurement accuracy.
【０００４】従来における視線の方向の検知手段として
は、前眼部の観察又は測定に先立ち、ダミー測定（キャ
リブレーション）を１回行い、このときの測定データを
一旦記憶しておき、それ以降の測定による測定データと
のずれ量を判断することで視線の方向を検知するものが
知られている。As a conventional means for detecting the direction of the line of sight, a dummy measurement (calibration) is performed once prior to the observation or measurement of the anterior segment of the eye, the measurement data at this time is temporarily stored, and the subsequent measurement is performed. It is known that the direction of the line of sight is detected by determining the amount of deviation from the measurement data due to measurement.
【０００５】[0005]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかしながら、上述し
た従来の手段では、ダミー測定が不可欠となり、測定回
数が増加し煩雑になるとともに、被検者の負担も増えて
不快感を与えてしまうという問題がある。However, in the above-mentioned conventional means, the dummy measurement is indispensable, the number of times of measurement is increased, which is complicated, and the burden on the subject is increased, which causes discomfort. There is.
【０００６】そこで、本発明は、ダミー測定が不要で測
定の簡略化が図れ、被検者に不快感を与えることなく被
検者の視線の方向を検知し得る眼科装置を提供すること
を目的とするものである。Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide an ophthalmologic apparatus capable of detecting the direction of the line of sight of an examinee without causing any discomfort to the examinee, because the dummy measurement is unnecessary and the measurement can be simplified. It is what
【０００７】[0007]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明は、被検者の眼の
前眼部観察機能をもった眼科装置において、前記眼の前
眼部の角膜と強膜との境界領域に少なくとも２箇所以上
に亘るスポット光を照射するスポット光源と、被検者の
視線の方向に応じて曲率が変化する前記スポット光の照
射領域からの反射光を受光して逐次画像情報に変換する
受光手段と、この受光手段からの各画像情報を取込んで
その経時的な変化を判断し被検者の視線の方向を特定す
る判別手段とを有するものである。The present invention provides an ophthalmologic apparatus having an anterior ocular segment observing function of an eye of a subject, wherein at least two locations are provided in the boundary region between the cornea and the sclera of the anterior ocular segment of the eye. A spot light source that irradiates the spot light over the above, and a light receiving unit that sequentially receives the reflected light from the irradiation region of the spot light whose curvature changes according to the direction of the line of sight of the subject and sequentially converts it into image information, The image pickup device receives the image information from the light receiving device, determines the change with time, and identifies the direction of the line of sight of the subject.
【０００８】[0008]
【作用】この眼科装置におけるスポット光源は、被検者
の眼の角膜と強膜との境界領域に対し少なくとも２箇所
以上に亘ってスポット光を照射する。The spot light source in this ophthalmologic apparatus irradiates the spot light to the boundary region between the cornea and sclera of the subject's eye at least at two or more locations.
【０００９】このとき、境界領域からの反射光は各々受
光手段に入射するが、被検者が視線の方向を変えると、
これに応じて前記スポット光の照射領域は、角膜と強膜
との曲率半径に応じて変り、従って、反射光の形状等も
変化する。At this time, the reflected light from the boundary region respectively enters the light receiving means, but when the subject changes the direction of the line of sight,
In response to this, the irradiation area of the spot light changes according to the radius of curvature of the cornea and the sclera, and therefore the shape of the reflected light and the like also change.
【００１０】受光手段は、上述したような反射光を受光
して、逐次画像情報に変換する。The light receiving means receives the above-mentioned reflected light and successively converts it into image information.
【００１１】判別手段は、受光手段からの各画像情報を
取込んでその経時的な変化を判断し、被検者の眼の視線
方向を特定する。The discriminating means takes in each image information from the light receiving means, judges the change with time, and specifies the line-of-sight direction of the eye of the subject.
【００１２】[0012]
【実施例】以下に本発明の実施例を詳細に説明する。EXAMPLES Examples of the present invention will be described in detail below.
【００１３】図１に示す眼科装置１は、被検者の眼Ｅの
前眼部における曲率半径の異なる角膜２と強膜３との境
界領域に対し少なくとも２箇所に亘ってスポット光４
ａ，４ｂを照射するスポット光源５ａ，５ｂと、前記境
界領域から反射する各反射光を受光して逐次画像情報に
変換するＣＣＤセンサの如き受光手段６と、この受光手
段６からの画像情報をディジタル化するＡ／Ｄ変換器７
と、このＡ／Ｄ変換器７によりディジタル化された画像
情報を記憶する記憶手段８と、この記憶手段８に記憶し
た画像情報及び前記Ａ／Ｄ変換器７からの画像情報を取
込んで、これらの経時的な変化を判断し、視検者の視線
の方向を特定する判別手段１１と、この判別手段１１の
判別結果を表示する表示手段９と、全体の制御を行う制
御手段１０とを具備している。The ophthalmologic apparatus 1 shown in FIG. 1 has a spot light 4 at least at two positions with respect to the boundary region between the cornea 2 and the sclera 3 having different radii of curvature in the anterior segment of the eye E of the subject.
The spot light sources 5a and 5b for irradiating a and 4b, the light receiving means 6 such as a CCD sensor which receives each reflected light reflected from the boundary area and sequentially converts it into image information, and the image information from the light receiving means 6 A / D converter for digitization 7
A storage means 8 for storing the image information digitized by the A / D converter 7, the image information stored in the storage means 8 and the image information from the A / D converter 7, and A discriminating unit 11 that discriminates these changes over time and specifies the direction of the line of sight of the examiner, a display unit 9 that displays the discrimination result of the discriminating unit 11, and a control unit 10 that performs overall control. It has.
【００１４】次に、上述した構成の眼科装置１の作用を
図２乃至図４をも参照して説明する。Next, the operation of the ophthalmologic apparatus 1 having the above structure will be described with reference to FIGS. 2 to 4.
【００１５】前記スポット光源５ａ，５ｂにより図２に
示すように眼（左眼）Ｅの角膜２と強膜３との境界領域
にスポット光４ａ，４ｂを照射すると、このスポット光
４ａ，４ｂによる各反射光は受光手段６に入射する。As shown in FIG. 2, when the spot light sources 5a and 5b irradiate the boundary regions between the cornea 2 and the sclera 3 of the eye (left eye) E with spot lights 4a and 4b, the spot lights 4a and 4b generate the spot lights 4a and 4b. Each reflected light enters the light receiving means 6.
【００１６】受光手段６は、前記各反射光を取込んでこ
れらを各々画像情報に変換し、Ａ／Ｄ変換器７に送る。
Ａ／Ｄ変換器７は、各画像情報をディジタル化し、制御
手段１０に送る。そして、各画像情報は制御手段１０の
制御に基く記憶手段８に送られここに記憶されていく。The light receiving means 6 takes in the respective reflected lights, converts them into image information, and sends them to the A / D converter 7.
The A / D converter 7 digitizes each image information and sends it to the control means 10. Then, each image information is sent to the storage means 8 under the control of the control means 10 and stored therein.
【００１７】次に、被検者が眼Ｅの視線を図３に示すよ
うに、右側に変えたものとする。Next, it is assumed that the subject changes the line of sight of the eye E to the right side as shown in FIG.
【００１８】このとき、前記スポット光４ａ，４ｂのう
ち、一方のスポット光４ａは変位した角膜２と強膜３と
の境界領域に当るので図２に示す場合と略同様になる
が、他方のスポット光４ｂは変位した強膜３にのみ照射
されるので図３に示すように強膜３の曲率半径，表面粗
さ，反射率の違いに対応してその形状が図２に示す場合
よりも例えば楕円形状に変る。At this time, of the spot lights 4a and 4b, one spot light 4a strikes the boundary region between the displaced cornea 2 and the sclera 3, so that it becomes almost the same as the case shown in FIG. Since the spot light 4b is irradiated only on the displaced sclera 3, as shown in FIG. 3, the shape thereof is different from that in the case of FIG. 2 corresponding to the difference in the curvature radius, surface roughness and reflectance of the sclera 3. For example, it changes to an elliptical shape.
【００１９】従って、この場合のスポット光４ａ，４ｂ
に基く反射光による画像情報は、スポット光４ａに対応
する画像情報は変化せず、スポット光４ｂに対応する画
像情報が図２の場合に比べ変化したものとなる。Therefore, the spot lights 4a and 4b in this case are
The image information corresponding to the spot light 4a does not change, and the image information corresponding to the spot light 4b in the image information based on the reflected light is different from that in the case of FIG.
【００２０】前記判別手段１１は、制御手段１０の制御
の基に、記憶手段８に記憶した前回の各画像情報と、図
３に対応する今回の画像情報とを比較し、スポット光４
ｂに対応する各画像情報の変化を判断して、視線が右側
に変化したと判断し、この判断結果を制御手段１０に送
る。Under the control of the control means 10, the discrimination means 11 compares the previous image information stored in the storage means 8 with the current image information corresponding to FIG.
The change of each image information corresponding to b is judged, it is judged that the line of sight has changed to the right side, and the judgment result is sent to the control means 10.
【００２１】この結果、制御手段１０の制御の基に視線
が右側に変化した旨の文字情報又は図形情報が表示手段
９上に表示され、検者の視認に供される。As a result, under the control of the control means 10, character information or graphic information indicating that the line of sight has changed to the right side is displayed on the display means 9 and is provided for visual inspection by the examiner.
【００２２】次に、被検者が眼Ｅの視線を図４に示すよ
うに、左側に変えたものとする。Next, it is assumed that the subject changes the line of sight of the eye E to the left side as shown in FIG.
【００２３】このとき、前記スポット光４ａ，４ｂのう
ち、他方のスポット光４ａは変位した角膜２と強膜３と
の境界領域に当るので、図２に示す場合と略同様になる
が、一方のスポット光４ａは変位した強膜３にのみ照射
されるので図４に示すように強膜３の曲率半径に対応し
てその形状が図２に示す場合よりも例えば楕円形状に変
る。At this time, of the spot lights 4a and 4b, the other spot light 4a strikes the boundary region between the displaced cornea 2 and sclera 3, so that it is substantially the same as the case shown in FIG. Since the spot light 4a is irradiated only on the displaced sclera 3, the shape thereof changes to, for example, an elliptical shape as compared with the case shown in FIG. 2 according to the radius of curvature of the sclera 3 as shown in FIG.
【００２４】従って、この場合のスポット光４ａ，４ｂ
に基く反射光による画像情報は、スポット光４ａに対応
する画像情報が変化し、スポット光４ｂに対応する画像
情報は図２の場合と同様になる。Therefore, in this case, the spot lights 4a, 4b
The image information corresponding to the spot light 4a changes in the image information based on the reflected light, and the image information corresponding to the spot light 4b is the same as in the case of FIG.
【００２５】前記判別手段１１は、制御手段１０の制御
の基に、前記記憶手段８に記憶した前回の各画像情報
と、図３に対応する今回の画像情報とを比較し、スポッ
ト光４ａに対応する各画像情報の変化を判断して、視線
が左側に変化したと判断し、この判断結果を制御手段１
０に送る。Under the control of the control means 10, the discrimination means 11 compares the previous image information stored in the storage means 8 with the current image information corresponding to FIG. The change of each corresponding image information is judged, it is judged that the line of sight has changed to the left side, and the judgment result is the control means 1.
Send to 0.
【００２６】この結果、制御手段１０の制御の基に視線
が左側に変化した旨の文字情報又は図形情報が表示手段
９上に表示され、検者の視認に供される。As a result, under the control of the control means 10, character information or graphic information indicating that the line of sight has changed to the left side is displayed on the display means 9 and is provided for visual inspection by the examiner.
【００２７】図５乃至図７は、眼Ｅに照射するスポット
光の変形例を示すものである。5 to 7 show modified examples of the spot light with which the eye E is irradiated.
【００２８】即ち、図５に示すように、眼Ｅの角膜２と
強膜３との境界領域に対し、上下左右合計４箇所のスポ
ット光１４を照射することで、いずれの方向への視線の
変化に対しても確実な検知を行うことができる。That is, as shown in FIG. 5, the boundary area between the cornea 2 and the sclera 3 of the eye E is irradiated with spot light 14 at a total of four positions in the vertical and horizontal directions, so that the line of sight in any direction can be changed. Reliable detection can be performed even for changes.
【００２９】また、図６に示すように、図５の場合より
も各々４５度ずらした状態で前記境界領域に対して合計
４箇所のスポット光１５を照射することで、マツ毛によ
る影響やまばたきによる影響をなくすことができる。Further, as shown in FIG. 6, by illuminating the boundary area with a total of four spot lights 15 in a state of being shifted by 45 degrees from the case of FIG. 5, the influence of pine hairs and blinking. The effect of can be eliminated.
【００３０】さらに、スポット光を放射する光源を連続
的に並べて図７に示すように環状光１６を眼Ｅに照射し
て、上下左右いずれの方向の視線の変化を検知するよう
にすることもできる。Further, it is also possible to arrange the light sources for emitting the spot light continuously and irradiate the eye E with the annular light 16 as shown in FIG. 7 so as to detect the change of the line of sight in any direction of up, down, left and right. it can.
【００３１】本発明は、上述した実施例に限定されるも
のではなく、その要旨の範囲内で種々の変形が可能であ
る。The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, but various modifications can be made within the scope of the gist thereof.
【００３２】例えば、現画像情報と比較するための画像
情報は、１フレーム前に取込んだものでもよいが、視線
移動などを判断するためには、毎フレームごとに取込ん
で判断しなくてもある一定間隔ごとの画像情報を判断す
るようにしてもよい。For example, the image information to be compared with the current image information may be captured one frame before, but in order to determine the movement of the line of sight, it is not necessary to capture it for each frame. Alternatively, the image information may be determined at certain intervals.
【００３３】[0033]
【発明の効果】以上詳述した本発明によれば、上述した
構成としたことにより、ダミー測定が不要で測定の簡略
化が図れ、被検者に不快感を与えることなく被検者の視
線の方向を検知し得る眼科装置を提供することができ
る。According to the present invention described in detail above, by adopting the above-mentioned configuration, dummy measurement is not necessary, the measurement can be simplified, and the line of sight of the subject can be obtained without giving the subject any discomfort. It is possible to provide an ophthalmologic apparatus capable of detecting the direction of.
【図１】本発明の実施例装置のブロック図FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
【図２】本発明の実施例装置における眼にスポット光を
照射した状態を示す正面図FIG. 2 is a front view showing a state in which an eye is irradiated with spot light in the apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention.
【図３】本発明の実施例装置において、視線を右側に移
した状態でスポット光を照射した状態を示す正面図FIG. 3 is a front view showing a state in which spot light is radiated with the line of sight shifted to the right side in the apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention.
【図４】本発明の実施例装置において、視線を左側に移
した状態でスポット光を照射した状態を示す正面図FIG. 4 is a front view showing a state in which spot light is radiated with the line of sight shifted to the left side in the apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention.
【図５】スポット光の変形例を示す正面図FIG. 5 is a front view showing a modified example of spot light.
【図６】スポット光の変形例を示す正面図FIG. 6 is a front view showing a modified example of spot light.
【図７】スポット光の変形例を示す正面図FIG. 7 is a front view showing a modified example of spot light.
１ 眼科装置 ２ 角膜 ３ 強膜 ４ａ スポット光 ４ｂ スポット光 ５ａ スポット光源 ５ｂ スポット光源 ６ 受光手段 ７ Ａ／Ｄ変換器 ８ 記憶手段 ９ 表示手段 １０ 制御手段 １１ 判別手段 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Ophthalmologic apparatus 2 Cornea 3 Sclera 4a Spot light 4b Spot light 5a Spot light source 5b Spot light source 6 Light receiving means 7 A / D converter 8 Storage means 9 Display means 10 Control means 11 Discrimination means
Claims (1)
科装置において、前記眼の前眼部の角膜と強膜との境界
領域に少なくとも２箇所以上に亘るスポット光を照射す
るスポット光源と、被検者の視線の方向に応じて曲率が
変化する前記スポット光の照射領域からの反射光を受光
して逐次画像情報に変換する受光手段と、この受光手段
からの各画像情報を取込んでその経時的な変化を判断し
被検者の視線の方向を特定する判別手段とを有すること
を特徴とする眼科装置。1. An ophthalmologic apparatus having an anterior ocular segment observing function of a subject's eye, irradiating at least two or more spot lights on a boundary region between the cornea and sclera of the anterior ocular segment of the eye. A spot light source, a light receiving unit that receives reflected light from the irradiation region of the spot light whose curvature changes according to the direction of the line of sight of the subject and sequentially converts it into image information, and each image information from this light receiving unit An ophthalmologic apparatus comprising: a determination unit that takes in the image, determines the change over time, and identifies the direction of the line of sight of the subject.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3277696A JPH05115438A (en) | 1991-10-24 | 1991-10-24 | Ophthalmic device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3277696A JPH05115438A (en) | 1991-10-24 | 1991-10-24 | Ophthalmic device |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH05115438A true JPH05115438A (en) | 1993-05-14 |
Family
ID=17587036
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3277696A Pending JPH05115438A (en) | 1991-10-24 | 1991-10-24 | Ophthalmic device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH05115438A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2006511305A (en) * | 2002-12-19 | 2006-04-06 | ボシュ・アンド・ロム・インコーポレイテッド | A system for tracking the movement of spherical objects. |
-
1991
- 1991-10-24 JP JP3277696A patent/JPH05115438A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2006511305A (en) * | 2002-12-19 | 2006-04-06 | ボシュ・アンド・ロム・インコーポレイテッド | A system for tracking the movement of spherical objects. |
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