JPH048006B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH048006B2 JPH048006B2 JP58241130A JP24113083A JPH048006B2 JP H048006 B2 JPH048006 B2 JP H048006B2 JP 58241130 A JP58241130 A JP 58241130A JP 24113083 A JP24113083 A JP 24113083A JP H048006 B2 JPH048006 B2 JP H048006B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- culture medium
- basidiomycetes
- base material
- basidiomycete
- fruiting bodies
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000001963 growth medium Substances 0.000 claims description 92
- 241000221198 Basidiomycota Species 0.000 claims description 63
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000002054 inoculum Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011081 inoculation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 18
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 10
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 description 10
- 240000000599 Lentinula edodes Species 0.000 description 7
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 6
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 235000001674 Agaricus brunnescens Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 5
- 238000012364 cultivation method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 4
- 241000219492 Quercus Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- -1 pods Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 240000000731 Fagus sylvatica Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000010099 Fagus sylvatica Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000001715 Lentinula edodes Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K tripotassium phosphate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 235000013343 vitamin Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229940088594 vitamin Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229930003231 vitamin Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 239000011782 vitamin Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000609240 Ambelania acida Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000018185 Betula X alpestris Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000018212 Betula X uliginosa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000219495 Betulaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000167854 Bourreria succulenta Species 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000726768 Carpinus Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000088646 Castanopsis cuspidata Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000010946 Castanopsis cuspidata Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010061217 Infestation Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 235000015511 Liquidambar orientalis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000232885 Naematoloma sublateritium Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000016009 Naematoloma sublateritium Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000168667 Pholiota nameko Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000014528 Pholiota nameko Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000001462 Pleurotus ostreatus Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000001603 Pleurotus ostreatus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000219000 Populus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000593922 Quercus acutissima Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000019764 Soybean Meal Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004870 Styrax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 244000028419 Styrax benzoin Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000000126 Styrax benzoin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000002871 Tectona grandis Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000001014 amino acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000010425 asbestos Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010905 bagasse Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019693 cherries Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000012136 culture method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010903 husk Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011147 inorganic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009545 invasion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000012204 lemonade/lime carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002075 main ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000007530 organic bases Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011505 plaster Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011120 plywood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000160 potassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011009 potassium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052895 riebeckite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000010454 slate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013555 soy sauce Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004455 soybean meal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052600 sulfate mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Mushroom Cultivation (AREA)
- Micro-Organisms Or Cultivation Processes Thereof (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
本発明は、担子菌類栽培用培養基(以下、単に
培養基と称する)を用いて、担子菌類の人工栽培
を行うにあたり、培養基の特定表面のみに子実体
を発生させる担子菌類の栽培法に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides a method for artificially cultivating basidiomycetes using a culture medium for cultivating basidiomycetes (hereinafter simply referred to as culture medium). Regarding the cultivation method.
近年、シイタケ等の担子菌類は、その需要の増
大とその栽培に必要な原木の不足に伴い、鋸屑、
米糠等を主体とする培養基を調製し、これを箱等
の容器に詰め殺菌をした後、種菌を接種し、適当
な条件で栽培することにより子実体を得る、いわ
ゆる人工栽培法により栽培されるようになつてき
ている。 In recent years, with the increase in demand for basidiomycetes such as shiitake mushrooms and the lack of logs necessary for their cultivation, sawdust,
It is cultivated using the so-called artificial cultivation method, which involves preparing a culture medium mainly made of rice bran, etc., packing it into containers such as boxes, sterilizing it, inoculating it with inoculum, and obtaining fruiting bodies by cultivating it under appropriate conditions. It's starting to look like this.
しかしながら、このような方法においては、担
子菌類、特にシイタケは子実体が培養基の露出面
及びそれ以外の面、例えば容器に詰められた培養
基の底面からも発生するため、種々の問題があつ
た。 However, this method has had various problems because fruiting bodies of basidiomycetes, especially shiitake mushrooms, are generated from the exposed surface of the culture medium as well as from other surfaces, such as the bottom of the culture medium packed in a container.
即ち、発生を目的とする培養基露出面からの子
実体は正常な形状に育成するのに対し、露出面以
外の面から発生する子実体は、箱等の培養容器
の周壁、底壁と培養基との間隙に挟まれて収穫で
きない、異形の子実体に生育して商品価値が低
下し、ものによつては商品とならなくなる、害
菌が付着して腐敗し易く、害菌が更に培養基内へ
侵入し、菌糸を阻害し、子実体の品質、収量に多
大の悪影響を与える等の問題を有しており、しか
も、このように子実体が露出面以外から発生す
ることにより、露出面からは品質の優れた子実体
が収量良く得られない等、種々の悪影響を及ぼし
ていた。 In other words, fruiting bodies that emerge from the exposed surface of the culture medium for the purpose of growth grow into a normal shape, whereas fruiting bodies that emerge from surfaces other than the exposed surface are separated by the culture medium between the peripheral wall and bottom wall of a culture container such as a box. It cannot be harvested because it is caught in the gaps, it grows into irregularly shaped fruiting bodies, reducing its commercial value, and in some cases it becomes unmarketable. It is prone to rot due to the attachment of harmful bacteria, and the harmful bacteria further enters the culture medium. It has problems such as invasion, inhibiting mycelium, and having a great negative impact on the quality and yield of fruiting bodies.Moreover, because the fruiting bodies are generated from other than exposed surfaces, This has had various negative effects, such as not being able to obtain good yields of fruiting bodies of excellent quality.
そこで、本発明者等は、培養基を用いて担子菌
類の人工栽培を行うにあたり、培養基の非露出面
からの子実体の発生を防止し、露出面のみから品
質の優れた子実体を収量良く得ることのできる担
子菌類の栽培法を開発することを目的として種々
検討を重ねた結果、鋸屑等の木質原料に担子菌類
の栄養物質を添加して調製した培養基を、陶製の
素焼き板に載置して培養基の底面を非露出面とし
たものを合成樹脂製フイルムで被覆し、これを殺
菌をした後、上記培養基に担子菌類の種菌を接
種、培養すると、両者の接触面に於いて担子菌類
の菌糸は素焼き板表面の微細な凹凸と係合し、該
素焼き板に培養基が一体的に密着結合し、この被
覆面から子実体の発生を防止できること、及び培
養基の、素焼き板に被覆されていない露出面から
品質の優れた子実体を収量良く得られることを知
見した。 Therefore, in performing artificial cultivation of Basidiomycetes using a culture medium, the present inventors prevented the generation of fruiting bodies from the non-exposed surface of the culture medium, and obtained fruiting bodies of excellent quality in good yield only from the exposed surface. As a result of various studies aimed at developing a method for cultivating basidiomycetes that would allow for the cultivation of basidiomycetes, a culture medium prepared by adding nutritional substances for basidiomycetes to wood materials such as sawdust was placed on an unglazed ceramic board. After covering the bottom of the culture medium with the non-exposed surface with a synthetic resin film and sterilizing it, the culture medium is inoculated with basidiomycete inoculum and cultured. The hyphae engage with minute irregularities on the surface of the unglazed plate, and the culture medium is integrally and closely bonded to the unglazed plate, and the generation of fruiting bodies from this coated surface can be prevented, and the culture medium is not covered by the unglazed plate. It was found that fruit bodies of excellent quality could be obtained in good yield from the exposed surface.
本発明は、上記知見に基づいてなされたもの
で、担子菌類栽培用培養基を用いて担子菌類の栽
培を行うにあたり、上記培養基の底面、又は底面
及び周側面を、担子菌類菌糸が付着可能で且つ該
担子菌類菌糸により分解されず貫通されない基材
で被覆して担子菌類を培養することにより、上記
基材と培養基の基材被覆部とを一体的に密着結合
させ、培養基の基材非被覆部である露出面に子実
体を発生させることを特徴とする担子菌類の栽培
法を提供するものである。 The present invention has been made based on the above findings, and in cultivating basidiomycetes using a culture medium for cultivating basidiomycetes, the bottom surface of the culture medium, or the bottom surface and peripheral surface thereof, can be attached to basidiomycete hyphae, and By culturing the basidiomycetes while being coated with a base material that is not decomposed or penetrated by the basidiomycete hyphae, the base material and the base material-covered portion of the culture medium are integrally and closely bonded, and the base material-uncovered portion of the culture medium is The present invention provides a method for cultivating basidiomycetes, which is characterized by producing fruiting bodies on an exposed surface.
以下、本発明の担子菌類の栽培法を詳細に説明
する。 Hereinafter, the method for cultivating basidiomycetes of the present invention will be explained in detail.
先ず、本発明の担子菌類の栽培法の対象となる
担子菌類、並びに本発明の担子菌類の栽培法に用
いられる培養基及び基材について説明する。 First, the basidiomycete which is the target of the basidiomycete cultivation method of the present invention, and the culture medium and substrate used in the basidiomycete cultivation method of the present invention will be explained.
本発明の担子菌類の栽培法の対象となる担子菌
類としては、シイタケ、タモギダケ、クリタケ、
ナメコ、ヒラタケ、カワラタケ、ヒイロタケ、マ
ンネンタケ、ホーロウタケ等が挙げられ、担子菌
類であれば、その種類に制限されないが、このう
ちシイタケは他の担子菌類と比べて非露出面から
の子実体発生が著しく多いので、本発明の担子菌
類の栽培法は、特にシイタケの栽培に適用した場
合に著しい効果が奏せられる。 Basidiomycetes to be used in the method of cultivating basidiomycetes of the present invention include shiitake, tamogidake, kuritake,
Nameko mushrooms, oyster mushrooms, versicolor mushrooms, Hiirotake mushrooms, stone mushrooms, and enameled mushrooms are examples.As long as they are basidiomycetes, they are not limited to the type, but among these, shiitake mushrooms produce fruiting bodies from non-exposed surfaces significantly compared to other basidiomycetes. Therefore, the basidiomycete cultivation method of the present invention is particularly effective when applied to the cultivation of shiitake mushrooms.
また、本発明に用いられる培養基としては、例
えば、鋸屑等の木質原料、バガス、籾殻、莢、藁
等の植物繊維質原料;などの1種又は2種以上を
主原料とし、これに担子菌類の栄養物質を加えた
ものが挙げられるが、通常の担子菌類の栽培に用
いられる培養基であれば何等制限されない。ま
た、上記木質原料としては、上記鋸屑以外に例え
ば、ブナ、コナラ、ミズナラ、タテカンバ、クヌ
ギ、シデ、サクラ、エゴノキ、ポプラ、ハンノ
キ、カシ、シイ、タブ、チーク等の樹木を通常の
粉砕機により粉砕若しくは割砕するか、或いは
鉋、スライサー等により薄片状としたものが挙げ
られる。この際、樹木を粉砕若しくは割砕したも
のは、粒度が約4メツシユよりも細粒のものが好
ましく、また樹木を薄片状としたものは、厚さが
約3mm以下、好適には1mm以下のものが好まし
い。また、上記主原料に加える担子菌類の栄養物
質としては、米糠、トウモロコシ糠、コーンステ
ープリカー、麸、アミノ酸類、大豆ミール、醤油
粕等の窒素源;グリコース、マルツエキス等の炭
素源;燐酸−カリウム、炭酸石灰、硫酸マグネシ
ウム等のミネラル;ビタミン等から選ばれた1種
又は2種以上を配合したものが挙げられる。そし
て培養基の水分を55〜75%に調製するのが好まし
い。 In addition, the culture medium used in the present invention may be mainly made of one or more of wood materials such as sawdust, plant fibrous materials such as bagasse, rice husks, pods, and straw, and basidiomycetes. Examples include those to which nutritional substances have been added, but there is no restriction in any way as long as it is a culture medium that is commonly used for cultivating basidiomycetes. In addition to the above-mentioned sawdust, the above-mentioned wood raw materials include, for example, trees such as beech, Quercus, Quercus oak, Japanese birch, sawtooth oak, hornbeam, cherry, styrax, poplar, alder, oak, Japanese chinquapin, tab, and teak, etc. Examples include those that are crushed or crushed, or made into flakes using a plane, a slicer, or the like. At this time, it is preferable that the crushed or crushed tree has a particle size finer than about 4 mesh, and the tree that has been made into flakes has a thickness of about 3 mm or less, preferably 1 mm or less. Preferably. Nutrient substances for basidiomycetes added to the above-mentioned main ingredients include nitrogen sources such as rice bran, corn bran, corn staple liquor, rice bran, amino acids, soybean meal, and soy sauce lees; carbon sources such as glycose and malt extract; and potassium phosphate. , minerals such as lime carbonate and magnesium sulfate; vitamins, etc., or a combination of one or more selected from the group consisting of vitamins and the like. It is preferable to adjust the moisture content of the culture medium to 55 to 75%.
また、本発明に用いられる基材は、担子菌類菌
糸が付着可能で且つ該担子菌類菌糸により分解さ
れず貫通されない材質からなるもので、斯る特性
を有する材質であれば特に制限されないが、前記
培養基の表面の一部を被覆するものであるから、
その形態は板状体及びシート乃至フイルム状のも
のが好ましい。このような基材の好ましい例とし
ては、釉(うわぐすり)をかけずに低温で焼いた
陶製の素焼き板、石綿にセメントを混ぜて作つた
スレート板、及び白色の柔らかい硫酸鉱物質で作
つた石膏板等の微細な凹凸面を有する無機質板、
表面に多数の短くて細い突起(絨毛)或いは表面
に多数の小孔(貫通孔ではない)を有し、外部か
ら害虫、害菌が侵入できず、且つ担子菌類により
分解されず貫通されない無機質若しくは有機質の
基材、及びこれらに類似する基材、並びに不透光
性合成樹脂フイルム或いは金属フイルムの表面
に、繊維状、布状、綿状、スポンジ状、不織布状
の構造を有する合成樹脂製シート、パルプ及び紙
等の薄膜状構造物を付着積層して得られるシート
状基材等が挙げられる。 Further, the substrate used in the present invention is made of a material to which basidiomycete hyphae can adhere and is not decomposed or penetrated by the basidiomycete hyphae, and is not particularly limited as long as it has such characteristics, but Since it covers part of the surface of the culture medium,
Its form is preferably a plate, sheet or film. Preferred examples of such substrates include unglazed ceramic boards fired at low temperatures, slate boards made from asbestos mixed with cement, and white soft sulfate minerals. Inorganic boards with finely uneven surfaces such as ivy plaster boards,
An inorganic material that has many short and thin projections (villi) on its surface or many small holes (not through holes) on its surface, prevents pests and harmful bacteria from entering from the outside, and is not decomposed or penetrated by basidiomycetes. Synthetic resin sheets having a fibrous, cloth-like, cotton-like, sponge-like, or non-woven structure on the surface of organic base materials, base materials similar to these, and non-transparent synthetic resin films or metal films. Examples include sheet-like base materials obtained by adhering and laminating thin film-like structures such as pulp and paper.
尚、前述の特性を有しない基材、即ち、単なる
ガラス板、金属板或いは単なる合成樹脂フイルム
及びその他の単なる板、シート及びフイルムなど
は、担子菌類の菌糸が付着不可能或いは不充分で
あつて用いることができず、また、木板、ベニヤ
板等木質の原料のみからなる基材は、担子菌類菌
糸により容易に分解利用され、経時的に基材その
ものが培養基となり、そこから子実体が発生する
ようになるので、このような基材を用いた場合も
本発明の目的を達成することはできない。 In addition, base materials that do not have the above-mentioned characteristics, such as a simple glass plate, a metal plate, a simple synthetic resin film, and other simple plates, sheets, and films, are unable or insufficiently attached to the hyphae of basidiomycetes. In addition, substrates made only of wood materials such as wooden boards and plywood boards are easily decomposed and utilized by basidiomycete hyphae, and over time the substrate itself becomes a culture medium, from which fruiting bodies develop. Therefore, even when such a base material is used, the object of the present invention cannot be achieved.
次に、上述の培養基及び基材を用いた本発明の
担子菌類の栽培法を、その実施態様に基づき、そ
の作用効果と共に説明する。 Next, the method for cultivating basidiomycetes of the present invention using the above-mentioned culture medium and substrate will be explained based on its embodiments, together with its effects.
本発明は、上述の如く調製した所定量の培養基
の底面、又は底面及び周側面を上述の基材で被覆
して実施するもので、この基材の被覆方法として
は、例えば、次の方法が挙げられる。 The present invention is carried out by coating the bottom surface of a predetermined amount of the culture medium prepared as described above, or the bottom surface and the circumferential surface with the above-mentioned base material, and the method for coating this base material includes, for example, the following method. Can be mentioned.
基材上に、所定量の培養基を所定形状に押し
付けて載置し、培養基と基材とを密着保持す
る。 A predetermined amount of culture medium is pressed into a predetermined shape and placed on the base material, and the culture medium and the base material are held in close contact with each other.
培養基を収納する容器の底壁又は底壁及び内
周壁(又は側壁)を、予め基材で構成し、この
ように構成した容器に培養基を充填し、培養基
と基材とを密着保持する。 The bottom wall or the bottom wall and the inner circumferential wall (or side wall) of a container for storing a culture medium are made of a base material in advance, and the container thus structured is filled with a culture medium, and the culture medium and the base material are held in close contact with each other.
予め、培養基を収納する容器の底壁上面及び
(又は)内周壁(又は内側壁)に基材を配して
置き、これに培養基を充填し、培養基と基材と
を密着保持する。 A base material is placed in advance on the top surface of the bottom wall and/or on the inner circumferential wall (or inner wall) of a container that stores the culture medium, and the culture medium is filled into the base material, and the culture medium and the base material are held in close contact with each other.
培養基に種菌を接種し、菌糸が培養基全体に
蔓延し培養基が菌糸により一体化した後、一体
化した培養基を容器から抜き出し、抜き出した
培養基を適宜成形カツトし、上記、及び
等の方法に準じて培養基と基材とを密着保持す
る。例えば、基材で構成した容器の形状に合わ
せて上記培養基を成形カツトし、これを該容器
に充填する。 After the inoculum is inoculated into the culture medium and the hyphae spread throughout the culture medium and the culture medium is integrated by the hyphae, the integrated culture medium is extracted from the container, the extracted culture medium is appropriately shaped and cut, and the method is followed according to the methods described above, etc. The culture medium and the substrate are kept in close contact with each other. For example, the culture medium is molded and cut to match the shape of a container made of a base material, and then filled into the container.
而して、上記の〜等の方法で、培養基の底
面、又は底面及び周側面を基材で被覆して、培養
基と基材とを密着保持した後、該培養基に担子菌
類の種菌を接種、培養する。また、基材の被覆
を、担子菌類の種菌を培養基に接種し、培養基が
菌糸により一体化した後行なう場合には、上記
の方法等により基材の被覆を行ない、そのまま培
養を継続すれば良い。 Then, after coating the bottom surface of the culture medium, or the bottom surface and the peripheral side surface with a base material, and holding the culture medium and the base material in close contact with each other by the method described in ~, etc., inoculating the culture medium with a basidiomycete inoculum, Cultivate. In addition, when coating the substrate after inoculating the culture medium with basidiomycete inoculum and integrating the culture medium with hyphae, it is sufficient to coat the substrate by the method described above and continue culturing. .
このようにして培養を継続すると、担子菌類の
菌糸が、培養基内を蔓延し、菌糸は基材の表面上
の凹凸部と係合して該基材に付着する。その結
果、培養基が基材と一体的に密着結合し、培養基
の基材被覆部には子実体の発生に必要な「菌糸集
合体」が形成されず、子実体の発生を防止するこ
とができる。従つて、本発明の担子菌類の栽培法
によれば、培養基の基材非被覆部(露出部)のみ
から子実体を発生させることができる。 When the culture is continued in this manner, the hyphae of the basidiomycete spread within the culture medium, and the hyphae engage with the irregularities on the surface of the substrate and adhere to the substrate. As a result, the culture medium is integrally and closely bonded to the substrate, and the "hyphal aggregate" necessary for the development of fruiting bodies is not formed in the part of the culture medium that covers the substrate, and the development of fruiting bodies can be prevented. . Therefore, according to the method for cultivating basidiomycetes of the present invention, fruiting bodies can be generated only from the substrate-uncovered portion (exposed portion) of the culture medium.
尚、前述した如く、基材の被覆時期は、担子菌
類の種菌の接種前から菌糸集合体成形期に至る任
意の時期で良いが、培養基の担子菌菌糸の蔓延期
以前が好ましく種菌の接種以前が更に好ましい。 As mentioned above, the substrate may be coated at any time from before the inoculation of the basidiomycete inoculum to the time when the mycelial aggregates are formed, but it is preferably before the infestation of the basidiomycete hyphae on the culture medium. is even more preferable.
上記被覆が、菌糸集合体形成期以後では、培養
基を基材に密着結合できなくなり、培養基から子
実体の発生を防止することができなくなる。 After the mycelium aggregate formation stage, the above-mentioned coating is no longer able to tightly bond the culture medium to the substrate, and it is no longer possible to prevent the growth of fruiting bodies from the culture medium.
また、担子菌類の接種、培養は、個々の担子菌
類の種類に応じた特定の温度(例えば18〜25℃)
及び湿度(例えば60〜70%)下に、「菌糸集合体」
が培養基の表層部に形成されるに足る充分な時間
保持することによつて行なわれ、また培養に引き
続いて行われる子実体の発生も個々の担子菌類の
種類に応じた特定の温度(例えば10〜20℃)及び
湿度(例えば80〜90%)で、子実体が発生し、充
分に育成する迄保持することにより行なわれる。 In addition, the inoculation and cultivation of basidiomycetes is carried out at a specific temperature (e.g. 18-25℃) depending on the type of individual basidiomycetes.
and under humidity (e.g. 60-70%), "hyphal aggregates"
This is done by holding the culture medium for a sufficient time to form on the surface layer of the culture medium, and the development of fruiting bodies subsequent to culture is also carried out at a specific temperature (e.g. 10 ~20°C) and humidity (e.g. 80-90%) until fruiting bodies emerge and are fully grown.
また、本発明の担子菌類の栽培法の実施にあた
つては、培養時における培養基水分の蒸散、有害
菌による汚染等を防止するために、担子菌類の子
実体の発生前に培養基(培養基を基材で被覆した
ものにあつては基材被覆培養基)を、合成樹脂フ
イルムで被覆する操作、及び培養基から子実体の
発生を誘引し、発生した子実体の育成を促進させ
るために、上記合成樹脂フイルムを取り除き、培
養基を明るい室内或いは日光に露出する操作を、
併用することにより、本発明の効果を更に増大さ
せることができる。 In addition, when carrying out the method for cultivating basidiomycetes of the present invention, in order to prevent evaporation of the culture medium water during culturing, contamination by harmful bacteria, etc. In the case of a substrate-coated culture medium, the above-mentioned synthetic Remove the resin film and expose the culture medium to a bright room or sunlight.
By using them together, the effects of the present invention can be further increased.
尚、上記の培養基の被覆に用いられる合成樹脂
フイルムとしては、ポリエチレン、ポリ塩化ビニ
ル、ポリプロピレン、ポリスチレン、ポリカーボ
ネート又はこれらの共重合体、ブレンドポリマー
等の合成樹脂から形成された通気性を有する合成
樹脂フイルムが挙げられる。 The synthetic resin film used to cover the above-mentioned culture medium may be a breathable synthetic resin made of polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, polypropylene, polystyrene, polycarbonate, or a copolymer or blend polymer thereof. Film is an example.
以上の説明から明らかなように、本発明の担子
菌類の栽培法は、担子菌類栽培用培養基を用いて
担子菌類の栽培を行うにあたり、上記培養基の底
面、又は底面及び周側面を、担子菌類菌糸が付着
可能で且つ該担子菌類菌糸により分解されず貫通
されない基材で被覆して担子菌類の種菌を培養す
ることにより、上記基材と培養基の基材被覆部と
を一体的に密着結合させるものであるから、本発
明の担子菌類の栽培法によれば、培養基の基材被
覆部からの子実体の発生を防止して、培養基にお
ける所定の露出面のみに、子実体を発生させるこ
とができ、しかも形状、大きさ、味等品質の優れ
た子実体を収率良く得ることができる。 As is clear from the above explanation, in the method for cultivating basidiomycetes of the present invention, when cultivating basidiomycetes using a culture medium for cultivating basidiomycetes, the bottom surface of the culture medium, or the bottom surface and the circumferential surface of the basidiomycete hyphae are By culturing the basidiomycete inoculum by covering it with a base material to which the basidiomycete hyphae can adhere and which is neither decomposed nor penetrated by the basidiomycete hyphae, the base material and the base material covering portion of the culture medium are integrally and closely bonded. Therefore, according to the method for cultivating basidiomycetes of the present invention, fruiting bodies can be prevented from forming from the substrate-coated portion of the culture medium, and fruiting bodies can be generated only on the predetermined exposed surface of the culture medium. Moreover, fruiting bodies with excellent quality such as shape, size, taste, etc. can be obtained in high yield.
鋸屑及び米糠等を主体とする培養基を木箱等に
詰め殺菌をした後、種菌を接種し、担子菌類を培
養する従来の方法においては、培養基が担子菌類
菌糸の蔓延に伴つて次第に収縮する為、培養基と
該培養基を充填した箱の側壁との間に隙を生じ、
子実体がこの隙に向かつて発生し、冒頭でも述べ
た如き数々の不都合がもたらされる。また、上記
の従来の培養法において、培養基水分の蒸散、有
害菌による汚染等防止の為、箱内と培養基との間
に合成樹脂フイルムを介装し、培養基を合成樹脂
フイルムで包んで培養する方法も、培養基が担子
菌類の培養に伴つて次第に収縮する為、培養基と
合成樹脂フイルムとの間に隙を生じ、子実体がこ
の隙に向かつて発生するため、この方法による場
合にも、冒頭で述べた如き数々の不都合がもたら
される。 In the conventional method of packing a culture medium mainly made of sawdust, rice bran, etc. into a wooden box, etc., sterilizing it, inoculating the seed fungus, and culturing the basidiomycetes, the culture medium gradually shrinks as the basidiomycete hyphae spread. , creating a gap between the culture medium and the side wall of the box filled with the culture medium,
Fruiting bodies emerge in this gap, resulting in a number of inconveniences as mentioned at the beginning. In addition, in the conventional culture method described above, in order to prevent evaporation of culture medium moisture and contamination by harmful bacteria, a synthetic resin film is inserted between the inside of the box and the culture medium, and the culture medium is wrapped in the synthetic resin film and cultured. In this method, as the culture medium gradually contracts as the basidiomycete grows, a gap is created between the culture medium and the synthetic resin film, and the fruiting bodies grow towards this gap. This brings about a number of inconveniences as mentioned above.
これに対し、前述した通り、本発明の担子菌類
の栽培法によれば、上述の従来法の不都合が完全
に解消され、目的とする培養基表面からのみ子実
体を発生させることができる。 On the other hand, as described above, according to the method for cultivating basidiomycetes of the present invention, the disadvantages of the conventional method described above are completely eliminated, and fruiting bodies can be generated only from the surface of the intended culture medium.
また、本発明の担子菌類の栽培法においては、
培養基は、基材と一体的に密着結合されており、
持ち運びに便利であるから、培養基の設置場所を
変えたり、培養基に種々の処理を行う上で非常に
好都合である等の利点を有する。 Furthermore, in the method for cultivating basidiomycetes of the present invention,
The culture medium is integrally and closely bonded to the substrate,
Since it is convenient to carry, it has the advantage of being very convenient in changing the installation location of the culture medium and performing various treatments on the culture medium.
以下、実施例を示して本発明を更に詳細に説明
する。 Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained in more detail by showing examples.
実施例 1
ナメコン(大内ワラ工品(株)製)箱(575mm×315
mm×高さ110mm)の中にハイゼツクスフイルム
(1200mm×1300mm)を敷き、その上に浅野エフ・
ジー・ボード(浅野スレート社製)(570mm×300
mm×高さ3mm)を載せた後、この箱内に、ブナ鋸
屑10に生米糠1を配合したものを水分60%と
なる如く加水調製した培養基を入れ、圧力1Kg/
cm2で温度120℃の飽和水蒸気を90分間作用させて
殺菌した後、これを室温まで冷却し、シイタケ種
菌(森産業(株)W4)を接種した。Example 1 Namecon (manufactured by Ouchi Wara Co., Ltd.) box (575 mm x 315
Place high-speed film (1200mm x 1300mm) in
G-board (manufactured by Asano Slate) (570mm x 300
mm x height 3 mm), then put in this box a culture medium prepared by adding 10 parts of beech sawdust to 1 part of raw rice bran to a water content of 60%, and pressure 1 kg/
After being sterilized by applying saturated steam at a temperature of 120° C. cm 2 for 90 minutes, it was cooled to room temperature and inoculated with shiitake seed fungus (Mori Sangyo Co., Ltd. W4).
次いで、この培養基を、上記箱に入れた状態で
温度23℃、湿度60〜70%の条件下で培養したとこ
ろ、培養25〜30日目で菌糸が蔓延し、培養基の底
部に上記ボードが完成に密着結合した。然る後、
ボードが密着結合した培養基を箱から抜き出し、
そのまま培養を50日間継続すると、培養基表層部
に原基形成が認められたので、フイルムを取り除
き、培養基を発生室に移した。発生室内において
上記培養基を温度15℃、湿度85〜90%の条件下に
7日間保持して培養基の露出面に子実体を発生さ
せ該子実体を収穫した。子実体の発生部位及び収
量は下記の通りであつた。 Next, this culture medium was placed in the box mentioned above and cultured at a temperature of 23°C and humidity of 60-70%. Mycelia spread on the 25th to 30th day of culture, and the above board was completed at the bottom of the culture medium. tightly bonded to. After that,
Remove the culture medium with the board tightly bound from the box,
When the culture was continued for 50 days, primordium formation was observed on the surface layer of the culture medium, so the film was removed and the culture medium was transferred to the generation chamber. The above-mentioned culture medium was maintained in a growth chamber at a temperature of 15° C. and a humidity of 85 to 90% for 7 days to generate fruit bodies on the exposed surface of the culture medium, and the fruit bodies were harvested. The location and yield of fruiting bodies were as follows.
尚、対照は、ボードを用いず、直接ハイゼツク
スフイルムの上に培養基を入れた以外は、実施例
と全く同様に実施した。 The control was carried out in exactly the same manner as in the example except that the culture medium was placed directly on the high-speed film without using the board.
発生部位 収量(良形)
実施例1 ボードとの付着部以外の面 1045g
対 照 全周面 320g
上記の結果から、本発明による場合、培養基と
ボードとの密着結合部、即ち基材被覆部には子実
体は発生せず、又、子実体の良形収量は、対照に
比して約3倍となることが判る。 Occurrence site Yield (good shape) Example 1 Surface other than the area where it adheres to the board 1045g Control All circumferential surface 320g From the above results, in the case of the present invention, the area where the culture medium and the board are closely connected, that is, the base material coating area No fruiting bodies were generated, and the yield of good fruiting bodies was approximately three times that of the control.
実施例 2
実施例1において、「浅野エフ・ジー・ボード」
の代わりに「黒色合成樹脂フイルムに紙を積層付
着したシート」((株)リコーのコピー用紙包装袋と
同じ材質のもの)を用いた以外は上記実施例1と
全く同様にしてシイタケを栽培し子実体を得た。
その結果を下記に示す。Example 2 In Example 1, “Asano F.G. Board”
Shiitake mushrooms were cultivated in exactly the same manner as in Example 1 above, except that ``a sheet of black synthetic resin film laminated with paper'' (made of the same material as Ricoh Co., Ltd.'s copy paper packaging bags) was used instead. Obtained fruiting body.
The results are shown below.
尚、対照は、実施例1における対照と同様に実
施した。 Note that the control was carried out in the same manner as the control in Example 1.
発生部位 収量(良形)
実施例2 ボードとの付着部以外の面 1020g
対 照 全周面 335g
上記の結果は、実施例1における結果と同様で
あることが判る。 Occurrence site Yield (good shape) Example 2 Surface other than the part attached to the board 1020g Control Entire circumferential surface 335g It can be seen that the above results are similar to those in Example 1.
Claims (1)
培を行うにあたり、上記培養基の底面、又は底面
及び周側面を、担子菌類菌糸が付着可能で且つ該
担子菌類菌糸により分解されず貫通されない基材
で被覆して担子菌類を培養することにより、上記
基材と培養基の基材被覆部とを一体的に密着結合
させ、培養基の基材非被覆部である露出面に子実
体を発生させることを特徴とする担子菌類の栽培
法。 2 被覆の時期が、担子菌類の種菌の接種前から
菌糸集合体形成期に至る任意の時期である特許請
求の範囲第1項記載の担子菌類の栽培法。[Scope of Claims] 1. When cultivating basidiomycetes using a culture medium for cultivating basidiomycetes, the bottom surface of the culture medium, or the bottom and circumferential surfaces thereof, must be made of a material to which basidiomycete hyphae can attach and which can be decomposed by the basidiomycete hyphae. By cultivating basidiomycetes while being coated with a base material that cannot be penetrated, the base material and the base material-covered portion of the culture medium are integrally and closely bonded, and fruiting bodies are formed on the exposed surface of the culture medium that is not covered with the base material. A method for cultivating basidiomycetes characterized by producing. 2. The method for cultivating basidiomycetes according to claim 1, wherein the coating is applied at any time from before inoculation of the basidiomycete inoculum to the stage of mycelium aggregate formation.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP58241130A JPS60133815A (en) | 1983-12-21 | 1983-12-21 | Culture of basidiomycetous |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP58241130A JPS60133815A (en) | 1983-12-21 | 1983-12-21 | Culture of basidiomycetous |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPS60133815A JPS60133815A (en) | 1985-07-17 |
JPH048006B2 true JPH048006B2 (en) | 1992-02-13 |
Family
ID=17069724
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP58241130A Granted JPS60133815A (en) | 1983-12-21 | 1983-12-21 | Culture of basidiomycetous |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JPS60133815A (en) |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS5051845A (en) * | 1973-09-08 | 1975-05-08 | ||
JPS5087843A (en) * | 1973-12-14 | 1975-07-15 | ||
JPS5813315A (en) * | 1981-07-13 | 1983-01-25 | セルポール工業株式会社 | Mushroom culturing apparatus |
Family Cites Families (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS5279353U (en) * | 1975-12-09 | 1977-06-14 | ||
JPS55176764U (en) * | 1979-06-04 | 1980-12-18 |
-
1983
- 1983-12-21 JP JP58241130A patent/JPS60133815A/en active Granted
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS5051845A (en) * | 1973-09-08 | 1975-05-08 | ||
JPS5087843A (en) * | 1973-12-14 | 1975-07-15 | ||
JPS5813315A (en) * | 1981-07-13 | 1983-01-25 | セルポール工業株式会社 | Mushroom culturing apparatus |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPS60133815A (en) | 1985-07-17 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US4757640A (en) | Cultivation of morchella | |
JPH0728605B2 (en) | Method for culturing Morcella spp. | |
CN106220298B (en) | Agaricus bisporus covering soil capable of improving growth speed and quality of hyphae and preparation method | |
US4083144A (en) | Method for cultivation of Lentinus edodes | |
US4866878A (en) | Cultivation of morchella | |
CN1049793C (en) | Agaricus tabularis "Fenba" fungus seed and culture method and cultivation technology | |
JPH09154401A (en) | Cultivation of agaricus blazei mushroom | |
JP3002061B2 (en) | Artificial medium for Matsuouji | |
JPH048006B2 (en) | ||
KR100382165B1 (en) | The method of artificial cultivation for veiled lady mushroom | |
TWI796151B (en) | Pasture grass substrate and pasture bulk bag | |
JP3503954B2 (en) | Hatakeshimeji new strain | |
JPS61132120A (en) | Culture of basidiomycetous | |
JP3482410B2 (en) | A new basidiomycete, Bunakaritake strain | |
JPH08294326A (en) | Cultivation of mushroom | |
JP2001025320A (en) | Artificial culture of lyophyllum decastes | |
JP2694430B2 (en) | Breeding cultivation method of Hatake shimeji | |
KR0132159B1 (en) | Media for cultivating mushrooms and the method for cultivating used thereby | |
FI102870B (en) | Process for the production of artificial boulders for cultivation of "Shiitake" -si ene (Lentinus edodes) | |
JPS5847487A (en) | Fruit body of basidiomycetes and its preparation | |
JPS5847486A (en) | Hypha mass of basidiomycetes or wood for growing mushroom or their preparations | |
JPS5839485B2 (en) | How to cultivate Maitake mushrooms | |
JPH0479610B2 (en) | ||
JPH02303413A (en) | Method for artificially cultivating shiitake mushroom | |
JPH029321A (en) | Culture of basidiomycetes |