JPH0474138B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0474138B2 JPH0474138B2 JP4324883A JP4324883A JPH0474138B2 JP H0474138 B2 JPH0474138 B2 JP H0474138B2 JP 4324883 A JP4324883 A JP 4324883A JP 4324883 A JP4324883 A JP 4324883A JP H0474138 B2 JPH0474138 B2 JP H0474138B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- press
- fitting
- cylinder member
- outer cylinder
- cutting
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010409 ironing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000677 High-carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002788 crimping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P11/00—Connecting or disconnecting metal parts or objects by metal-working techniques not otherwise provided for
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
- F01L1/02—Valve drive
- F01L1/04—Valve drive by means of cams, camshafts, cam discs, eccentrics or the like
- F01L1/047—Camshafts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P2700/00—Indexing scheme relating to the articles being treated, e.g. manufactured, repaired, assembled, connected or other operations covered in the subgroups
- B23P2700/02—Camshafts
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Automatic Assembly (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
本発明は軸と嵌合部材の結合方法に関するもの
である。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method of coupling a shaft and a fitting member.
従来の二分割歯車のセレーシヨン圧入等の圧入
法では、圧入代が過大の場合、破壊や変形を生ず
るので、これを防止するために厳密な選択嵌合を
必要とした。 In conventional press-fitting methods such as serration press-fitting of two-part gears, if the press-fitting allowance is too large, breakage or deformation occurs, so strict selective fitting is required to prevent this.
また二分割歯車のローレツト圧入は、硬度の高
い方の部品にローレツトを有し、これで硬度の低
い方の真円部を切削しながら圧入する方法で、硬
度の低い方の部品の圧入部は圧入前にはローレツ
ト等回り止め加工が施されておらず、またローレ
ツト諸元として、ピツチ0.8mm〜0.95mm、山角90°
および圧入を滑らかに行なうための圧入代0.4mm
以下等を考えると、二分割歯車の圧入部のように
トルク荷重と軸方向荷重を専ら受けるものには向
いているが、カムシヤフトのようにトルク荷重の
他に大きい軸直角荷重を受けるものには適してい
なかつた。 In addition, knurling press-fitting of a two-part gear is a method in which the harder part has a knurl, and the part with the lower hardness is press-fitted while cutting the perfect round part. Before press-fitting, there is no rotation prevention processing such as knurling, and the knurling specifications are pitch 0.8mm to 0.95mm, heel angle 90°.
and 0.4mm press-fitting allowance for smooth press-fitting.
Considering the following, it is suitable for things that receive only torque load and axial load, such as the press-fit part of a two-part gear, but it is suitable for things that receive large axis-perpendicular loads in addition to torque load, such as camshafts. It wasn't suitable.
次に従来の第１図に示す組立てカムシヤフト
で、カムピース２やジヤーナルピース３，４等の
嵌合部材の結合方法には臘付け、バルジ加工、圧
入法等種々の方法がある。 Next, in the conventional assembled camshaft shown in FIG. 1, there are various methods for connecting fitting members such as the cam piece 2 and the journal pieces 3 and 4, such as bulging, bulging, and press-fitting.
臘付けは確実な結合法であるが、臘付け時の高
温にて生ずる軸部材１に曲りを矯正するため曲り
直し工程を必要とする上、資源・エネルギ多消費
型の方法であり、コストは他の方法に比べ割高で
ある。 Although staking is a reliable joining method, it requires a re-bending process to correct the bending in the shaft member 1 that occurs at high temperatures during staking, and it is a method that consumes a lot of resources and energy. It is expensive compared to other methods.
次に第２図において、バルジ加工または内筒部
材５（第１図の軸部材１に相当する）の内径しご
き加工は、一工程で結合でき、コストは割安であ
る。 Next, in FIG. 2, the bulging process or the inner diameter ironing process of the inner cylinder member 5 (corresponding to the shaft member 1 in FIG. 1) can be performed in one step, and the cost is low.
しかし、この方法で緊縛力を与えるためには、
内筒部材５の外筒部材６（第１図のカムピース
２、ジヤーナルピース３，４に相当する）の物性
に適合条件が必要である。即ち、外筒部材６の弾
性限度歪みεeoが内筒部材５の弾性限度歪みεeiよ
り大きければ、第３図に示すように緊縛力が生ず
るが、逆にεeoがεeiより小さければ、第４図に示
すように内筒部材５と外筒部材６の間に加工後除
荷時に隙間が存在する。従つて外筒部材６として
焼結金属のうち弾性限度歪みの小さいものとか、
弾性限度歪みが大きくなく且つ脆性材料であるセ
ラミツクや高耐摩耗性の焼結金属等は不適当とい
うことになるが、耐摩耗性材料でこの範囲に入る
材料は多かつた。ところが、圧入法の場合には、
第５図に示すようにεeo＜εeiでも緊縛力が生ず
る。また、外筒部材６の剛性が極度に大きいと、
バルジ加工や内径しごき加工では必要内圧が過大
となり、不可能になるが、圧入法であれば、第６
図に示すように結合可能である。また、外筒部材
６がセラミツクのような脆性材料であつても、第
７図に示すように結合可能である。 However, in order to give bondage force with this method,
Compatibility conditions are required for the physical properties of the outer cylinder member 6 (corresponding to the cam piece 2 and journal pieces 3 and 4 in FIG. 1) of the inner cylinder member 5. That is, if the elastic limit strain εeo of the outer cylinder member 6 is larger than the elastic limit strain εei of the inner cylinder member 5, a binding force is generated as shown in FIG. As shown in the figure, a gap exists between the inner cylinder member 5 and the outer cylinder member 6 when the load is unloaded after processing. Therefore, the outer cylinder member 6 may be made of sintered metal with a small elastic limit strain, or
Ceramic, which is a brittle material that does not have a large elastic limit strain, and sintered metal, which has high wear resistance, are inappropriate, but there are many wear-resistant materials that fall within this range. However, in the case of the press-in method,
As shown in FIG. 5, a binding force is generated even when εeo<εei. Moreover, if the rigidity of the outer cylinder member 6 is extremely high,
Bulge machining and inner diameter ironing require too much internal pressure, making it impossible, but with press-fitting, the 6th
They can be combined as shown in the figure. Further, even if the outer cylinder member 6 is made of a brittle material such as ceramic, it can be connected as shown in FIG.
なお各グラフに示す荷重Pmは各部材を個別に
歪みε＝△rm／rmだけ変形させるに必要な内筒
部材の外径rm位置での荷重（圧力）を示す。特
に内筒荷重の場合、rm位置での内筒荷重が釣り
合う歪みを示すために内筒部材の内径riでの荷重
をrmでの荷重に換算している。 Note that the load Pm shown in each graph indicates the load (pressure) at the outer diameter rm position of the inner cylinder member required to deform each member individually by the strain ε=Δrm/rm. In particular, in the case of the inner cylinder load, the load at the inner diameter ri of the inner cylinder member is converted to the load at rm in order to show the strain in which the inner cylinder load at the rm position is balanced.
しかし、圧入の場合、圧入代が過大であると、
外筒部材６または内筒部材５が破壊する。 However, in the case of press-fitting, if the press-fitting allowance is excessive,
The outer cylinder member 6 or the inner cylinder member 5 is destroyed.
この防止方法として厳密な圧入代管理があり、
内筒部材５と外筒部材６の該当寸法の公差を各々
縮小する方法がまず考えられる。内筒部材５の外
径部は塑性加工のまま、また外筒部材６の内径部
は焼結金属またはセラミツクの場合、焼結のまま
使うのがコスト上有利であるが、そのためには比
較的大きい寸法公差を必要とする。それでも厳密
な圧入代管理を実施しようとすれば、該当部寸法
による選別が必要になるが、区分が多く煩雑にな
る。 As a way to prevent this, there is strict control of press-fit allowance.
First, a method can be considered in which the tolerances of the corresponding dimensions of the inner cylinder member 5 and the outer cylinder member 6 are respectively reduced. It is advantageous in terms of cost to use the outer diameter part of the inner cylinder member 5 as it is after plastic processing, and to use the inner diameter part of the outer cylinder member 6 as it is sintered if it is made of sintered metal or ceramic. Requires large dimensional tolerances. However, if strict press-fitting allowance management is to be carried out, it is necessary to sort by the size of the relevant part, but there are many classifications and it becomes complicated.
この圧入代管理の方法として圧入時に外筒部材
６の内径部で内筒部材５の外径部を切削すること
により、過大な圧入代による破壊を防止し、適切
な圧入代を与えるのが本発明で、本発明は特許第
1107178号にも示されている「ローレツト圧入」
を進展させた技術であり、「切削圧入」と呼ぶこ
とにする。 The best way to manage this press-fitting allowance is to cut the outer diameter part of the inner cylinder member 5 with the inner diameter part of the outer cylinder member 6 during press-fitting to prevent damage due to excessive press-fitting allowance and to provide an appropriate press-fitting allowance. invention, this invention is patent no.
"Knurled press fit" also shown in No. 1107178
This is a technology that has evolved from the above, and will be referred to as ``cutting press-fit''.
第８図ａ，ｂに示すように外筒部材６の圧入方
向の側の端面を研削すれば材料が焼入された高炭
素鋼とか、高硬度焼結金属とか高硬度セラミツク
であれば、当該端面内径部６ｂは更に優れた切刃
として働き、圧入時に第９図に示す内筒部材５の
外径部を切削する。 If the material is hardened high carbon steel, high hardness sintered metal, or high hardness ceramic, the end face of the outer cylinder member 6 in the press-fitting direction can be ground as shown in FIGS. 8a and 8b. The inner diameter portion 6b of the end face functions as a better cutting edge, and cuts the outer diameter portion of the inner cylinder member 5 shown in FIG. 9 during press-fitting.
切削は内筒部材５の全周に亘る必要はなく、例
えばセレーシヨン形状の場合、第１０図ａ，ｂ，
ｃに示すように歯面のみ切削すればよく、又圧入
力低減のためその方が望ましくもある。 It is not necessary to cut the entire circumference of the inner cylindrical member 5. For example, in the case of a serration shape, cutting is performed as shown in FIGS. 10a, b,
As shown in c, it is sufficient to cut only the tooth surface, and this is preferable in order to reduce the pressing force.
第１０図に示す△rpはピツチ円半径圧入代、
rpoは外筒セレーシヨンピツチ円半径、rpiは圧入
前の内筒セレーシヨンピツチ円半径、αはセレー
シヨン圧力角である。 △rp shown in Fig. 10 is the pitch circle radius press-fitting allowance,
rpo is the outer cylinder serration pitch radius, rpi is the inner cylinder serration pitch radius before press-fitting, and α is the serration pressure angle.
さらに圧入代を調整するために、第１１図に示
すように、外筒部材６の内径部に段差△rp1を設
ける方法や、第１２図に示すようにテーパ（テー
パ角β）を設ける方法が考えられる。 Furthermore, in order to adjust the press-fitting allowance, there is a method of providing a step Δrp 1 on the inner diameter part of the outer cylinder member 6 as shown in FIG. 11, or a method of providing a taper (taper angle β) as shown in FIG. is possible.
外筒部材６の端面研削時、正（第１３図）また
は負（第１４図）のすくい角γを与えた方が好都
合の場合もあろう。切削圧入時発生する切屑圧入
時発生する切屑５ｂの処理方法として第１０図ａ
を、第１５図のように必要であれば外筒部材６を
反圧入方向に僅かに戻した後バイト７で削り取る
方法や、第１６図に示すように、内筒部材５の溝
９で切屑５ｂを本体と分断する方法等が考えられ
る。 When grinding the end face of the outer cylinder member 6, it may be more convenient to provide a positive (FIG. 13) or negative (FIG. 14) rake angle γ. Chips generated during cutting press-fitting Fig. 10a shows a method for disposing of chips 5b generated during press-fitting.
If necessary, as shown in FIG. 15, the outer cylindrical member 6 may be slightly returned in the direction opposite to the press-fitting direction and then scraped off with a cutting tool 7, or as shown in FIG. Possible methods include separating 5b from the main body.
外筒部材６の軸方向位置固定法として第１５図
に示すように、ポンチ８で内筒部材５をかしめる
方法や、第１６図に示すようにローラ１０で内筒
部材５をかしめる方法が考えられる。 As a method for fixing the axial position of the outer cylindrical member 6, there is a method of caulking the inner cylindrical member 5 with a punch 8, as shown in FIG. 15, and a method of crimping the inner cylindrical member 5 with a roller 10, as shown in FIG. is possible.
なお外筒部材６のセレーシヨン６ａ及び内筒部
材５のセレーシヨン５ａの仕様について歯数はｎ
気筒エンジン用カムシヤフトの場合、ｎの倍数が
望ましい。 Regarding the specifications of the serrations 6a of the outer cylinder member 6 and the serrations 5a of the inner cylinder member 5, the number of teeth is n.
In the case of a camshaft for a cylinder engine, a multiple of n is desirable.
カムピース２のように位相合せの必要な外筒部
材６は治具等で荒位置決めとともに荒位相合せも
実施できるが、切削圧入開始位置では、切削圧入
代δの細かい振り分けが必要になる。そのために
は、内筒部材５のセレーシヨン５ａの圧入導入部
のピツチ円直径にテーパまたは段差を付けて、外
筒部材６のセレーシヨン６ａとの嵌合を容易にす
る等の方法が考えられる。 For an outer cylinder member 6 that requires phase alignment, such as the cam piece 2, rough positioning and rough phase alignment can be performed using a jig or the like, but at the cutting press-fitting start position, fine distribution of the cutting press-fitting allowance δ is required. To this end, a method can be considered, such as tapering or stepping the pitch diameter of the press-fit introduction part of the serrations 5a of the inner cylinder member 5 to facilitate fitting with the serrations 6a of the outer cylinder member 6.
また外筒部材６が複数の場合には、圧入代調整
の追加対策として、内筒部材５の軸方向位置によ
つてセレーシヨン５ａのピツチ円直径に順次差異
を持たせること、および外筒部材６の取り付けら
れる軸方向位置によつて、セレーシヨン６ａのピ
ツチ円直径に順次差異を持たせることが考えられ
る。また、切削に必要な硬度が維持できる範囲で
外筒部材６を加熱膨張させた状態で切削圧入を実
施すれば焼き嵌めの変形として同じ効果が得られ
る。 In addition, when there is a plurality of outer cylinder members 6, as an additional measure for adjusting the press-fitting allowance, it is possible to sequentially vary the pitch diameter of the serrations 5a depending on the axial position of the inner cylinder member 5, and to make the outer cylinder members 6 It is conceivable to sequentially vary the pitch diameter of the serrations 6a depending on the axial position where the serrations 6a are attached. Furthermore, if the cutting press fitting is carried out in a state where the outer cylinder member 6 is heated and expanded to the extent that the hardness required for cutting can be maintained, the same effect as a deformation of shrink fitting can be obtained.
なお本発明において内筒部材５の代わりに中実
部材を使用しても構わない。 Note that in the present invention, a solid member may be used instead of the inner cylinder member 5.
本発明は各種の組立カムシヤフト、二分割歯車
等に広く実施し得るものである。 The present invention can be widely applied to various assembled camshafts, two-part gears, etc.
以上述べたように本発明は、軸と嵌合部材の結
合において、嵌合部材の圧入方向側の端面を切刃
とし、切刃により軸の外径部を切削し乍ら嵌合部
材を軸に圧入し結合する軸と嵌合部材の結合方法
であるので、
(1) 従来の二分割歯車の圧入法では圧入代が過大
の場合、破壊や変形を生じたが、本発明では積
極的に切削を行なつて実質的圧入代を調整す
る。 As described above, in the connection of the shaft and the fitting member, the end face of the fitting member in the press-fitting direction is used as a cutting blade, and the outer diameter portion of the shaft is cut by the cutting blade, while the fitting member is connected to the shaft. (1) In the conventional press-fitting method for two-part gears, if the press-fitting allowance was too large, breakage or deformation occurred, but in the present invention, Perform cutting to adjust the actual press-fitting allowance.
(2) 外筒部材の圧入方向の端面を切削することに
より鋭い角部を付与できる。(2) Sharp corners can be provided by cutting the end face of the outer cylinder member in the press-fitting direction.
(3) 内筒部材および外筒部材の圧入該当部を予め
略同形状に加工しておくという点と許容荷重が
大きい点でローレツト圧入と異なる。(3) It differs from knurled press-fitting in that the press-fitting parts of the inner and outer cylinder members are pre-processed into approximately the same shape and the allowable load is large.
(4) 切削に必要な硬度が維持できる範囲におい
て、外筒部材を加熱膨張させた状態で切削圧入
を実施すれば焼き嵌めの変形として同じように
緊縛力の増大が計れる。(4) As long as the hardness required for cutting can be maintained, if cutting press-fitting is performed with the outer cylinder member heated and expanded, the binding force can be increased in the same way as shrink-fitting deformation.
等の効果を有するものである。It has the following effects.
第１図は組立カムシヤフトの概略縦断面図、第
２図は結合された内外筒の横断面図、第３図はバ
ルジ加工による緊縛力の説明図、第４図はバルジ
加工で緊縛力が生じない場合の説明図、第５図は
圧入による緊縛力の説明図、第６図は外筒が剛体
に近い場合の圧入による緊縛力の説明図、第７図
は外筒が脆性材料の場合の圧入による緊縛力の説
明図、第８図ａ，ｂは本発明による端面研削によ
り端面内径部に切刃を生じたセレーシヨンを持つ
外筒部材で、ａは正面図、ｂは側面図、第９図は
セレーシヨンを持つ内筒部材、第１０図ａ，ｂ，
ｃは本発明によるセレーシヨンを持つ内外筒部材
の切削圧入説明図で、ａは断面図、ｂ，ｃはそれ
ぞれａのＡ−Ａ、Ｂ−Ｂ断面図、第１１図は圧入
代調整のために内径に段差を設けた外筒部材、第
１２図は圧入代調整のために内径にテーパを設け
た外筒部材、第１３図は正のすくい角の切刃を持
つ外筒部材、第１４図は負のすくい角の切刃を持
つ外筒部材、第１５図は切削圧入により生じた切
屑の処理法及び軸方向位置固定法の一例、第１６
図は切削圧入により生じた切屑の処理法及び軸方
向位置固定法の他の例である。
５：内筒部材、６：外筒部材、５ａ：内筒のセ
レーシヨン歯、６ａ：外筒のセレーシヨン歯、６
ｂ：切刃として働く部分。
Figure 1 is a schematic vertical cross-sectional view of the assembled camshaft, Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the combined inner and outer cylinders, Figure 3 is an explanatory diagram of the binding force caused by the bulge process, and Figure 4 is the binding force generated by the bulge process. Figure 5 is an explanatory diagram of the binding force due to press-fitting, Figure 6 is an explanatory diagram of the binding force due to press-fitting when the outer cylinder is almost a rigid body, and Figure 7 is an illustration of the binding force when the outer cylinder is made of brittle material. FIGS. 8a and 8b are explanatory diagrams of the binding force due to press-fitting. FIGS. The figure shows an inner cylinder member with serrations, Fig. 10 a, b,
c is an explanatory diagram of cutting and press fitting of an inner and outer cylinder member having serrations according to the present invention, a is a cross-sectional view, b and c are respectively A-A and B-B cross-sectional views of a, and Fig. 11 is a diagram for adjusting the press-fitting allowance. An outer cylindrical member with a step on the inner diameter, Fig. 12 shows an outer cylindrical member with a taper on the inner diameter to adjust the press-fit allowance, Fig. 13 shows an outer cylindrical member with a cutting edge with a positive rake angle, Fig. 14 15 is an example of a method for disposing of chips generated by cutting press-fitting and a method for fixing the position in the axial direction. 16.
The figure shows another example of a method for disposing of chips generated by cutting press-fitting and a method for fixing the axial position. 5: Inner cylinder member, 6: Outer cylinder member, 5a: Serration teeth of inner cylinder, 6a: Serration teeth of outer cylinder, 6
b: Part that works as a cutting edge.
Claims (1)
の圧入方向側の端面を切刃とし、該切刃により前
記軸の外径部を切削し乍ら前記嵌合部材を前記軸
に圧入し結合することを特徴とする軸と嵌合部材
の結合方法。1. In coupling the shaft and the fitting member, the end face of the fitting member in the press-fitting direction is used as a cutting blade, and the cutting blade cuts the outer diameter portion of the shaft while press-fitting the fitting member into the shaft. A method for joining a shaft and a fitting member, characterized by joining.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP4324883A JPS59169734A (en) | 1983-03-17 | 1983-03-17 | Binding method of shaft and engaging member |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP4324883A JPS59169734A (en) | 1983-03-17 | 1983-03-17 | Binding method of shaft and engaging member |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS59169734A JPS59169734A (en) | 1984-09-25 |
| JPH0474138B2 true JPH0474138B2 (en) | 1992-11-25 |
Family
ID=12658576
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP4324883A Granted JPS59169734A (en) | 1983-03-17 | 1983-03-17 | Binding method of shaft and engaging member |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS59169734A (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19608983A1 (en) * | 1995-03-17 | 1996-09-19 | Volkswagen Ag | Camshaft for motor vehicle IC-engine |
-
1983
- 1983-03-17 JP JP4324883A patent/JPS59169734A/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS59169734A (en) | 1984-09-25 |
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