JPH0473883A - Heater device for vehicle - Google Patents
Heater device for vehicleInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0473883A JPH0473883A JP2184310A JP18431090A JPH0473883A JP H0473883 A JPH0473883 A JP H0473883A JP 2184310 A JP2184310 A JP 2184310A JP 18431090 A JP18431090 A JP 18431090A JP H0473883 A JPH0473883 A JP H0473883A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- heating
- temperature coefficient
- heating element
- seat
- vehicle
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 113
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229920006267 polyester film Polymers 0.000 abstract description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000283984 Rodentia Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- JRPBQTZRNDNNOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium titanate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[Ba+2].[O-][Ti]([O-])([O-])[O-] JRPBQTZRNDNNOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002113 barium titanate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006038 crystalline resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035807 sensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/22—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived otherwise than from the propulsion plant
- B60H1/2215—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived otherwise than from the propulsion plant the heat being derived from electric heaters
- B60H1/2226—Electric heaters using radiation
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
（産業上の利用分野）
本発明は、車両用シートヒータ、パネルヒータ等の抵抗
発熱体による車両用暖房装置に関するものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to a vehicle heating device using a resistance heating element such as a vehicle seat heater or panel heater.
（従来の技術）
従来、自動車等の車内暖房は、エンジンの廃熱を利用し
た温風暖房が主流である。(Prior Art) Conventionally, hot air heating using engine waste heat has been the mainstream for heating the interior of automobiles and the like.
この種の暖房装置について、第９図により説明する。同
図は、乗用車の側面を切り欠いて車内を示した斜視断面
図で、エンジンの排気管の途中に設けた熱交換器（図示
せず）で暖められた空気は、計器板の両側、中央および
下面にそれぞれ設けられたルーバを備えた吹出し口ａ、
ｂ、ｃおよびｄから、吹呂し位置および方向を調整され
て吹き出し、車内を暖房する。This type of heating device will be explained with reference to FIG. 9. This figure is a perspective cross-sectional view showing the interior of a passenger car, with the side cut away. and an air outlet a with a louver provided on the bottom surface,
From b, c, and d, the blowing position and direction are adjusted and the air is blown out to heat the inside of the car.
この温風暖房方式は、熱量の点で他に優るものはなく、
暖熱負荷に見合う熱量を発生するものである。This hot air heating method has no superiority in terms of heat output.
It generates an amount of heat commensurate with the heating load.
（発明が解決しようとする課題）
しかしながら、上記の暖房方式を快適性の観点からみる
と、空気温度、輻射温度、湿度、気流のうち、空気温度
に主眼をおいているため、不快な冷輻射を感じたり、気
流による不快感を伴うという問題があった。また、エン
ジンの廃熱を利用するため、エンジンが温まらない限り
熱量が発生せず、急速加熱性に乏しく、もっとも寒さを
感じる運転開始直後に、満足感が得られないという問題
もあった。この対策として、シートの座部・背部にヒー
タを配設したシートヒータ等が実用化され、厳しい寒さ
の緩和に効果を奏しているが、局部過熱、異常過熱等に
対する安全性のため、電力密度を高めることができず、
２５０Ｗ／ｎ（程度以下の電力密度に制限せざるを得ず
、満足のいく速暖感が得られないという問題があった。(Problem to be Solved by the Invention) However, when looking at the above heating method from the viewpoint of comfort, it focuses on air temperature among air temperature, radiant temperature, humidity, and airflow, so it produces unpleasant cold radiation. There was a problem that the airflow caused discomfort. Additionally, since the engine's waste heat is used, no heat is generated until the engine warms up, resulting in poor rapid heating properties and a lack of satisfaction immediately after the start of operation, when the coldest period is felt. As a countermeasure against this problem, seat heaters installed in the seat and back of the seat have been put into practical use, and are effective in alleviating the severe cold. unable to increase
There was a problem that the power density had to be limited to less than 250 W/n, and a satisfactory rapid heating feeling could not be obtained.
温風暖房およびシート暖房の欠点を補うために、速暖感
のある熱輻射による暖房装置を随所に配置する方法が考
えられるが、自動車の内部はスペースの制約が大きく、
熱源との接触をさけるためのガード等を構成する余地は
なく、また、素材を痛めないためにも、速熱性に優れた
高温の熱源を配置することは不可能である。一方、接触
しても安全な程度の低温域の熱源を配置するとしても快
適性は得られるものの、温度の立上りが遅く、エンジン
が温まるまでの数分間の快適感を満足させるものではな
かった。さらに、低温度域で急速加熱の可能な熱源が得
られたとしても、車内のインテリア性を損なうものであ
ってはならず、また、乗員が効率的に採暖できる部位に
装着できる熱源構成が不可欠であった。In order to compensate for the shortcomings of hot air heating and seat heating, it is possible to place heating devices that use heat radiation throughout the car to provide a quick warming sensation, but space is severely limited inside a car.
There is no room for constructing a guard or the like to avoid contact with the heat source, and it is also impossible to arrange a high-temperature heat source that heats up quickly so as not to damage the material. On the other hand, although comfort can be obtained by placing a heat source in a low temperature range that is safe to touch, the rise in temperature is slow and does not provide a satisfying feeling of comfort for several minutes until the engine warms up. Furthermore, even if a heat source capable of rapid heating in a low temperature range is obtained, it must not impair the interior quality of the vehicle, and it is essential that the heat source be configured so that it can be installed in a location where occupants can efficiently take in heat. Met.
ところで、速暖性に優れた抵抗発熱体として正抵抗温度
係数抵抗体の展開が考えられるが、チタン酸バリウム焼
結体からなる正抵抗温度係数抵抗体は、点状熱源でしか
なく、実用性に乏しく、カーボンブラックと結晶性樹脂
からなる有機系の正抵抗温度係数抵抗体は、複雑な３次
元変形形状加工や繰返し屈曲等の機械的ストレスに耐え
られないという問題があった。By the way, a positive resistance temperature coefficient resistor may be developed as a resistance heating element with excellent heating speed, but a positive resistance temperature coefficient resistor made of barium titanate sintered body is only a point heat source and is not practical. Organic positive resistance temperature coefficient resistors made of carbon black and crystalline resin have a problem in that they cannot withstand mechanical stress such as complex three-dimensional deformation processing or repeated bending.
本発明は上記の問題を解決するもので、立上りが早く、
快適でインテリア性に優れた車両用暖房装置を提供する
ものである。The present invention solves the above problems, and has a fast start-up.
The present invention provides a vehicle heating system that is comfortable and has excellent interior design.
（課題を解決するための手段）
上記の課題を解決するために、本発明は、カーボンブラ
ック等の導電性微粉末と結晶性重合体よりなる正抵抗温
度係数抵抗体に電圧印加用の一対の電極を形成した高出
力の正の抵抗温度係数を有する発熱体と、この発熱体と
熱的に結合した、表面材料層で覆われた、熱伝導性に優
れた発熱体との熱的結合面積の２倍以上の面積を有する
熱拡散板と上記の発熱体に電源を接続する給電線とで暖
房装置を構成し、上記の発熱体を乗員がシートに着座す
る時に接触しないシート近傍に配設するものである。(Means for Solving the Problems) In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a pair of positive resistance temperature coefficient resistors for applying a voltage to a positive resistance temperature coefficient resistor made of conductive fine powder such as carbon black and a crystalline polymer. Thermal coupling area between a heating element with a high output and positive temperature coefficient of resistance that forms an electrode, and a heating element with excellent thermal conductivity that is thermally coupled to this heating element and covered with a surface material layer. A heating device is composed of a heat diffusion plate having an area more than twice the area of It is something to do.
（作 用）
上記の構成により、カーボンブラック等の導電性微粉末
と結晶性重合体よりなる正抵抗温度係数抵抗体は、結晶
性重合体の融点の近傍で結晶構造が無定形に移行する際
に比容積が急速に増大するため、導電性微粉末相互の平
均距離が大きくなり、抵抗値が急激に増大する正抵抗温
度特性を示す。(Function) With the above configuration, a positive resistance temperature coefficient resistor made of a conductive fine powder such as carbon black and a crystalline polymer can be used as Since the specific volume rapidly increases, the average distance between the conductive fine powders increases, and the resistance value rapidly increases, indicating a positive resistance temperature characteristic.
この抵抗体は、一対の電極に電圧が印加されると、自己
発熱し、電源投入直後は、多くの導電性微粉末による導
電ネットワークを介する大電力によって急速に昇温する
が、融点近傍温度に近付くとともに抵抗値が増大し、電
力が急速に低下し、いかなる使用条件下においても、自
己発熱によって融点を超える温度までの昇温を防止する
安全機能を示す。こうした発熱機構は、通電初期に安全
に大電力を取り出すことができ、正の抵抗温度係数をほ
とんど有さない発熱体では考えられなかったような急速
加熱性と、昇温後の定温性を実現するものである。また
この抵抗体は、導電性微粉末と結晶性重合体からなるた
め、任意の形状に容易に加圧でき、また、可撓性を有す
るため、熱拡散板に熱効率よく装着できる。This resistor self-heats when a voltage is applied to a pair of electrodes, and immediately after the power is turned on, the temperature rises rapidly due to the large electric power that passes through the conductive network made of many conductive fine powders, but the temperature reaches near the melting point. As the temperature approaches the temperature, the resistance increases and the power decreases rapidly, exhibiting a safety feature that prevents the temperature from rising above the melting point due to self-heating under any usage conditions. This heating mechanism can safely extract a large amount of power at the initial stage of energization, and achieves rapid heating properties that were unimaginable with heating elements that have almost no positive temperature coefficient of resistance, as well as constant temperature stability after heating up. It is something to do. Further, since this resistor is made of conductive fine powder and a crystalline polymer, it can be easily pressed into any shape, and since it has flexibility, it can be attached to a heat diffusion plate with high thermal efficiency.
また、乗員がシートに着座するときにほとんど接触しな
いシート近傍に、高出力の発熱体を装着した発熱体の２
倍以上の大面積の熱拡散板を有する暖房装置を配置する
ので、自動車の内部はスペースに制約されず、車内のイ
ンテリア性を損なうこともなく、然かも、乗員は効率的
に採暖かできる。さらに、乗員の乗車、降車等の際の機
械的ストレスを受ける二ともない。In addition, two high-output heating elements are installed near the seat, which the occupant hardly touches when sitting on the seat.
Since a heating device having a heat diffusion plate with an area more than twice as large is installed, the inside of the car is not limited by space, the interior quality of the car is not impaired, and the occupants can efficiently draw warmth. Furthermore, the vehicle is subject to mechanical stress when passengers get on and off the vehicle.
（実施例）
本発明の実施例３例について、第１図ないし第８図によ
り説明する。(Example) Three examples of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 8.
まず、本発明による車両用暖房装置に使用する正抵抗温
度係数発熱体について、第１図および第２図により説明
する。First, a positive resistance temperature coefficient heating element used in a vehicle heating system according to the present invention will be explained with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.
初期の急速加熱性が要求される、大きな熱拡散負荷を可
能にする高電力の密度や高温度の特性を得るには、一対
の電極の間隔を３Ｍ以下とし、電極間方向の温度分布を
常に良好にして、発熱体自体の温度分布を一様にする必
要ある。この種の発熱体について、特公昭６２−５９５
１５号公報の発明を基に第１図により説明する。In order to obtain high power density and high temperature characteristics that require rapid initial heating and enable large thermal diffusion loads, the distance between a pair of electrodes should be 3M or less, and the temperature distribution in the direction between the electrodes should be maintained at all times. It is necessary to make the temperature distribution of the heating element itself uniform. Regarding this type of heating element,
The invention will be explained with reference to FIG. 1 based on the invention disclosed in Publication No. 15.
同図において、発熱体は、厚さ２５／／ＩＩ程度のポリ
エステルフィルム１を貼付した熱伝導性に優れたアルミ
ニウム均熱板２の上に、ＩＭ程度に接近した一対のくし
形電極３および４を形成し、さらに正抵抗温度係数抵抗
体５を印刷等の方法で形成しである。このように構成さ
れた発熱体は、かなりの高出力が可能である。In the figure, the heating element consists of a pair of comb-shaped electrodes 3 and 4 placed close to each other at about IM on an aluminum heat-uniforming plate 2 with excellent thermal conductivity on which a polyester film 1 with a thickness of about 25//II is pasted. , and further a positive resistance temperature coefficient resistor 5 is formed by a method such as printing. A heating element configured in this manner is capable of considerably high output.
次に、特開昭６１−２８４０８２号公報の発明を基に第
２図により説明する。正抵抗温度係数抵抗体自身でこの
抵抗体の外表面に沿う沿面距離を抵抗体の厚さよりも大
きくするといった画期的な改善策により安全性も高まっ
た高出力正抵抗温度係数発熱体も可能となった。同図に
おいて、カーボンブラックおよび結晶性重合体からなる
、厚さ０．４ｎｕｎの短冊状の正抵抗温度係数抵抗体６
の両面に、厚さ方向に電圧印加する一対の厚さ７０−の
銅電極７および８を形成し、さらにその全周を厚さ２５
−のポリエステルフィルム９およびｌＯで外装したもの
である。このように構成された発熱体は、２０℃の雰囲
気下で通電初期時にＩＯＷ／ｃｏ！以上の高出力まで可
能であり、本発明の車両用暖房装置の速熱性をさらに飛
躍的に高めることができる。なお、正抵抗温度係数発熱
体の温度過昇防止機能による許容温度の上限値は、表布
等の内装部材の制約から１１０℃以下、好ましくは８０
℃以下、さらに好ましくは６０℃以下であるが、これは
結晶性重合体の融点を選定することにより、得ることが
できる。暖房温度や内装部材の耐熱温度等から、最適温
度を選定するとよい。Next, an explanation will be given with reference to FIG. 2 based on the invention disclosed in Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 61-284082. A high-output positive resistance temperature coefficient heating element with increased safety is also possible through innovative improvements such as making the creepage distance along the outer surface of the positive resistance temperature coefficient resistor itself larger than the thickness of the resistor. It became. In the figure, a strip-shaped positive resistance temperature coefficient resistor 6 with a thickness of 0.4nun is made of carbon black and a crystalline polymer.
A pair of copper electrodes 7 and 8 with a thickness of 70 - to apply voltage in the thickness direction are formed on both sides of the
- is wrapped with polyester film 9 and lO. The heating element configured in this manner has an IOW/co! The above-mentioned high output is possible, and the rapid heating performance of the vehicle heating device of the present invention can be further dramatically improved. Note that the upper limit of the allowable temperature due to the temperature overrise prevention function of the positive resistance temperature coefficient heating element is 110 degrees Celsius or less, preferably 80 degrees Celsius or less, due to restrictions on interior materials such as outer fabric.
C or lower, more preferably 60 C or lower, which can be obtained by selecting the melting point of the crystalline polymer. It is best to select the optimum temperature based on the heating temperature, the heat resistance temperature of interior components, etc.
次に、本発明による第１の実施例について、第３図およ
び第４図により説明する。Next, a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4.
第３図および第４図は、シート近傍に配置した暖房装置
の側面断面図、および斜視図である。両図において、本
発明による暖房装置は、シート座部１１の表面および前
後両面を覆うように成形されたアルミニウム材の熱拡散
板１２の前後両面の内側に、それぞれ正抵抗温度係数発
熱体（以下発熱体を称す）１３および１４が粘着材で貼
り付けられている。FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 are a side sectional view and a perspective view of the heating device arranged near the seat. In both figures, the heating device according to the present invention has positive resistance temperature coefficient heating elements (hereinafter referred to as positive resistance temperature coefficient heating elements) installed inside the front and rear surfaces of a heat diffusion plate 12 made of an aluminum material that is formed to cover the surface and both the front and rear surfaces of the seat portion 11. Heat generating elements (13 and 14) are attached with adhesive.
さらに、熱拡散板１２の上に、クツション性を得るため
のクツション材１５を入れて、シート背部１６と同じデ
ザインの表布１７で覆っている。本実施例では、発熱体
１３および１４は、シート座部１１の前後面に配置され
ているため、発熱体１３および１４に体重が加わること
はない。前面の発熱体１３は、乗員の脚の後ろ側からま
た、後面の発熱体１４は、後部座席の乗員の前方からの
それぞれ輻射暖房を実現する。さらに、発熱体１３およ
び１４の熱は、熱拡散板１２により、乗員の座るシート
座部１１から採暖することを可能にする。Further, a cushioning material 15 for providing cushioning properties is placed on the heat diffusion plate 12, and covered with an outer cloth 17 having the same design as the seat back portion 16. In this embodiment, the heating elements 13 and 14 are arranged on the front and rear surfaces of the seat portion 11, so that no weight is applied to the heating elements 13 and 14. The front heating element 13 realizes radiant heating from the back side of the occupant's legs, and the rear heating element 14 realizes radiant heating from the front of the occupant in the rear seat. Furthermore, the heat from the heat generating elements 13 and 14 can be collected from the seat portion 11 where the passenger sits by means of the heat diffusion plate 12.
また、発熱体１３および１４は、着座によりクツション
材１５が収縮し、乗員に熱が供給されて温度が低下する
と、その正抵抗温度特性により、電力量が大きくなり、
暖房効果を効率よく発揮する。Furthermore, when the cushion material 15 contracts when the occupant is seated, heat is supplied to the occupant, and the temperature of the heating elements 13 and 14 decreases.
Demonstrates heating effect efficiently.
本実施例の車両用暖房装置を乗用車に組み込み、外気温
０℃の条件で、暖かさが得られるまでの時間と快適性に
ついての実験を行った結果、１５秒後に、脚後方に暖か
さを感じ、３５秒後にはシート座部１１の中央で暖かさ
を感じた。２分後には、十分な暖房効果が得られ、ファ
ンの騒音もなく、きわめて快適な乗り心地であった。こ
のように、従来のエンジンが温まって温風が得られるま
での数分間の不快感もなく、立上りが早く、快適で、イ
ンテリア性にも優れ、しかも、低騒音の車両用暖房装置
が得られた。The vehicle heating system of this example was installed in a passenger car, and an experiment was conducted to determine the time required to achieve warmth and comfort at an outside temperature of 0°C. As a result, after 15 seconds, warmth was applied to the rear of the legs. 35 seconds later, I felt warmth in the center of the seat portion 11. After two minutes, a sufficient heating effect was obtained, there was no fan noise, and the ride was extremely comfortable. In this way, we have achieved a vehicle heating system that is quick to start up, comfortable, has excellent interior design, and has low noise, without the discomfort of the several minutes it takes for the conventional engine to warm up and produce warm air. Ta.
次に、本発明の第２の実施例を第５図に示す側面断面図
により説明する。Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to a side sectional view shown in FIG.
同図において、本実施例が第３図に示した第１の実施例
と異なる点は、シート座部１１の後面から後部座席の床
にかけて、断面り字状のアルミニウム材からなる熱拡散
板１８の立上り面の内側に２個の発熱体１９および２０
を粘着材で貼り付けた点と、シート座部１１の表布１７
で上記の熱拡散板１８の上面を覆った点である。その他
は変らないので、同じ構成部品には同一符号を付した。In the same figure, the difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment shown in FIG. Two heating elements 19 and 20 are placed inside the rising surface of
and the outer fabric 17 of the seat seat 11.
This is the point where the upper surface of the heat diffusion plate 18 is covered. Since the rest remains the same, the same components are given the same reference numerals.
本実施例の場合も発熱体１９および２０は、シート座部
１１の後面に配置されているため、発熱体１９および２
ｏに体重が加わることはない。また、発熱体１９および
２０は、後部座席の乗員の前方からの輻射暖房を実現す
る。In the case of this embodiment as well, since the heating elements 19 and 20 are arranged on the rear surface of the seat seat portion 11, the heating elements 19 and 20 are
No weight is added to o. Further, the heating elements 19 and 20 realize radiant heating from the front of the passenger in the rear seat.
また、床面に延びた熱拡散板１８は、後方乗員の足温効
果を現出させる。もちろん、足で踏まれる部位には、か
なりの力が加わるが、発熱体１９および２０を損傷する
ことはない。Further, the heat diffusion plate 18 extending to the floor surface provides a foot warming effect for rear passengers. Of course, considerable force is applied to the part stepped on by the foot, but the heating elements 19 and 20 are not damaged.
次に、第３の実施例を第６図ないし第８図により説明す
る。Next, a third embodiment will be explained with reference to FIGS. 6 to 8.
第６図は、本発明による車両暖房装置を装着した前部座
席の側面断面図、第７図はそのシート座部上面用の発熱
体の平面図、第８図は配線回路図である。FIG. 6 is a side sectional view of a front seat equipped with a vehicle heating system according to the present invention, FIG. 7 is a plan view of a heating element for the upper surface of the seat, and FIG. 8 is a wiring circuit diagram.
第６図において、本実施例が第３図に示した第１の実施
例と異なる点は、後部座席の輻射用としてシート背部１
６の背面に２個の発熱体２１および２２を粘着材で貼り
付けたアルミニウム材の熱拡散板２３を装着し、表布１
７で覆った点と、第７図に示すように、基布２４に、正
の抵抗温度係数をほとんど持たないひも状の発熱体２５
を糸で縫い付けたもので、シート座部１１の上面を覆い
、さらにその表面を表布１７で覆った点と、第８図に示
すように上記の発熱体２１および２２と、ひも状発熱体
２５を直列に接続した点である。In FIG. 6, this embodiment is different from the first embodiment shown in FIG.
An aluminum heat diffusion plate 23 with two heating elements 21 and 22 pasted with adhesive is attached to the back of the outer fabric 1.
7, and as shown in FIG.
is sewn with thread to cover the upper surface of the seat seat 11, and the surface is further covered with the outer fabric 17, and as shown in FIG. This is the point where the bodies 25 are connected in series.
本実施例の場合は、通電初期時にひも状の発熱体２５に
高電圧が印加され、シート座部１１を急速加熱し、定常
時には低電圧となり、通電初期の高電力密度化を安全に
実現することができる。ここで、ひも状発熱体２５は、
芯糸に電熱用抵抗線をスパイラル状に巻くことにより、
機械的ストレスに耐える発熱体を容易に得ることができ
る。また、シート背部１６の背面に配置された発熱体２
１および２２は、無理な力が加わることなく、後部座席
の乗員の脚を前方より輻射暖房として有効に働く。この
ように、急速加熱性のマイルド輻射暖房および接触暖房
の組合せは、車内の快適性を高めるものである。In the case of this embodiment, a high voltage is applied to the string-shaped heating element 25 at the initial stage of energization, rapidly heating the seat portion 11, and the voltage becomes low during steady state, safely achieving high power density at the initial stage of energization. be able to. Here, the string-like heating element 25 is
By winding electrical heating resistance wire around the core yarn in a spiral,
A heating element that can withstand mechanical stress can be easily obtained. In addition, a heating element 2 disposed on the back surface of the seat back portion 16
1 and 22 effectively work as radiant heating for the legs of the passenger in the rear seat from the front without applying excessive force. In this way, the combination of rapid heating, mild radiant heating, and contact heating increases the comfort inside the vehicle.
なお、この正抵抗温度係数発熱体２１および２２の熱負
荷条件を調整できる装置を設けると、これにより、シー
ト座部１１の正の抵抗温度係数をほとんど有さないひも
状発熱体２５の電力密度を調整でき、快適制御を可能に
するものである。Note that if a device is provided that can adjust the heat load conditions of the positive resistance temperature coefficient heating elements 21 and 22, the power density of the string-like heating element 25, which has almost no positive resistance temperature coefficient of the seat seat 11, can be adjusted. This allows for comfortable control.
（発明の効果）
以上説明したように、本発明によれば、従来のエンジン
の廃熱による温風暖房で、エンジンが温まるまでの数分
間の不快感を解消する、立ち上りが早く、快適で、イン
テリア性にも優れ、しかも、無騒音の車両用暖房装置が
得られる。また、乗員が効率的に採暖できる部位に装着
できるため、効率的な暖房が可能であり、着座により効
率よく電力量がパワーアップされるという優れた効果も
可能である。さらには、車両への昇降時に、発熱体には
力がかからないので、安全性・信頼性の高い車両用暖房
装置が得られる。このような新たな概念の暖房装置は車
両用のみならず、産業上の利用分野も広く、応用するこ
とが可能である。(Effects of the Invention) As explained above, according to the present invention, hot air heating using waste heat from the engine eliminates the discomfort of several minutes until the engine warms up, and provides a quick and comfortable heating system. A vehicle heating system that has excellent interior design and is noiseless can be obtained. In addition, since the occupant can attach it to a location where he or she can efficiently collect heat, efficient heating is possible, and an excellent effect is also achieved in that the amount of electric power is efficiently increased when the occupant is seated. Furthermore, since no force is applied to the heating element when moving up and down the vehicle, a highly safe and reliable vehicle heating system can be obtained. Such a new concept heating device can be applied not only to vehicles but also to a wide range of industrial applications.
【図面の簡単な説明】
第１図および第２図は共に本発明の実施例に使用する正
抵抗温度係数発熱体の斜視図、第３図および第４図は本
発明の第１の実施例を示す車両用暖房装置の側面断面図
および斜視図、第５図は第２の実施例を示す車両用暖房
装置の側面断面図、第６図は第３の実施例を示す車両用
暖房装置の側面断面図、第７図はそのシート座部に配置
する発熱体の平面図、第８図は第３の実施例の電気回路
図、第９図は従来の車両用暖房装置を説明するための車
内の斜視断面図である。
１．９．１０・・・ポリエステルフィルム、２ ・・・
アルミニウム均熱板、 ３，４ ・・・くし形電極、
５，６ ・・・正抵抗温度係数抵抗体、 ７，８ ・・
・銅電極、１１・・・シート座部、１２．１８．２３・
・・熱拡散板、１３、１４．１９．２０．２１．２２・
・・正抵抗温度係数発熱体（発熱体）、１５・・・クツ
ション材、１６・・・シート背部、１７・・・表布、２
４・・・基布、２５・・・ひも状発熱体。
１３、１４−一一免然４本
１５−−−り／″／／ヨ
ン符一一了ルミニウムＪりだｌ又
３．４−＜を形豐砲
６−−−コ上ヨ１】稜＼４７へ４ンＬ階１＃〒ミ１［ち
ζ、４１−覧１Ｊ１」う≧１５７、８−９１＠隆
９．１０−−一木゛リエステルスルム
１〕−−−ン伴茄ヤ
１６−−− シート責合ｐ
１７−−−表争
１８ｍ−−１孤依板
１９．２０−−−ラＣメ２トイ１挺
第６図
１１−−−レ
トメ召も弔
１６−ラ
ト窮帥
人を
ｔ
′ＸＡＬ仄°を愁屏
第９図
ａ、ｂ、ｃ、ｄ −一一改工（口[Brief Description of the Drawings] Figs. 1 and 2 are both perspective views of a positive resistance temperature coefficient heating element used in an embodiment of the present invention, and Figs. 3 and 4 are a perspective view of a positive resistance temperature coefficient heating element used in an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 5 is a side sectional view and a perspective view of a vehicle heating device showing a second embodiment, FIG. 6 is a side sectional view of a vehicle heating device showing a third embodiment, and FIG. 7 is a plan view of a heating element disposed in the seat, FIG. 8 is an electric circuit diagram of the third embodiment, and FIG. 9 is a diagram for explaining a conventional vehicle heating system. FIG. 3 is a perspective cross-sectional view of the interior of the vehicle. 1.9.10...Polyester film, 2...
Aluminum heat soaking plate, 3, 4...comb-shaped electrode,
5, 6... Positive resistance temperature coefficient resistor, 7, 8...
・Copper electrode, 11... Seat seat, 12.18.23.
・・Heat diffusion plate, 13, 14.19.20.21.22・
... Positive resistance temperature coefficient heating element (heating element), 15... Cushion material, 16... Seat back, 17... Outer fabric, 2
4... Base fabric, 25... String-shaped heating element. 13, 14-11 4 pieces 15--ri///Yon mark 11 completed Luminium J Rida l also 3.4-<a type of cannon 6--Ko upper Yo 1] Ridge\ 47 to 4 L floor 1 # Mi 1 [chi ζ, 41-list 1 J1] ≧ 157, 8-91 @ Takashi 9.10--Ichiki Riestersurum 1] --- N Tomoya 16 --- Seat responsibility p 17 --- Table 18 m -- 1 Solitary board 19.20 --- La C Me 2 Toy 1 toy 6th Figure 11 --- Retome service also condolence 16- Rato Kumaman Figure 9 a, b, c, d-11 modification (mouth
Claims (6)
温度係数抵抗体に電圧を印加する、電源に接続された一
対の電極を形成した高出力の正の抵抗温度係数を有する
発熱体と、上記の発熱体と熱的に結合した、上記の結合
面積の２倍以上の面積を有し、且つ、シート座部に沿う
ように成形された、熱伝導性に優れた熱拡散板と、上記
の熱拡散板を覆う表面材とからなり、上記の熱的結合部
をシート座部の近傍に設けた車両用暖房装置。(1) A heating element with a high output positive temperature coefficient of resistance forming a pair of electrodes connected to a power source that applies voltage to a positive temperature coefficient of resistance resistor made of conductive fine powder and a crystalline polymer. , a heat diffusion plate having excellent thermal conductivity, which is thermally coupled to the heating element, has an area twice or more of the bonding area, and is formed along the seat portion; A heating device for a vehicle comprising a surface material covering the heat diffusion plate as described above, and the thermal coupling portion as described above is provided in the vicinity of a seat portion.
ことを特徴とする請求項（１）記載の車両用暖房装置。(2) The heating device for a vehicle according to claim (1), characterized in that a positive resistance temperature coefficient heating element is provided on the front side surface of the seat.
大して成形したことを特徴とする請求項（１）または（
２）記載の車両用暖房装置。(3) Claim (1) or (3) characterized in that the heat diffusion plate with excellent thermal conductivity is expanded and molded to the seat seating surface.
2) The vehicle heating device described above.
有さない可撓性を有する発熱体を配し、シート背部に熱
拡散板とともに装着した正抵抗温度係数発熱体と直列に
接続したことを特徴とする請求項（１）、（２）又は（
３）記載の車両用暖房装置。(4) A flexible heating element with almost no positive temperature coefficient of resistance is arranged on the seat seating surface, and is connected in series with the heating element with a positive temperature coefficient of resistance attached to the back of the seat along with a heat diffusion plate. Claim (1), (2) or (
3) The vehicle heating device described above.
装置を設けたことを特徴とする請求項（４）記載の車両
用暖房装置。(5) The heating system for a vehicle according to claim (4), further comprising a device that can adjust the heat load conditions of the positive resistance temperature coefficient heating element.
厚さ方向に電圧を印加する一対の電極を設けたことを特
徴とする請求項（１）、（２）、（３）又は（４）記載
の車両用暖房装置。(6) Claims (1), (2), (3) or (4) The vehicle heating device described.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2184310A JP3041631B2 (en) | 1990-07-13 | 1990-07-13 | Vehicle heating system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2184310A JP3041631B2 (en) | 1990-07-13 | 1990-07-13 | Vehicle heating system |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0473883A true JPH0473883A (en) | 1992-03-09 |
| JP3041631B2 JP3041631B2 (en) | 2000-05-15 |
Family
ID=16151104
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2184310A Expired - Fee Related JP3041631B2 (en) | 1990-07-13 | 1990-07-13 | Vehicle heating system |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3041631B2 (en) |
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6653607B2 (en) * | 2000-06-14 | 2003-11-25 | American Healthcare Products, Inc. | Heating pad systems, such as for patient warming applications |
| KR100459601B1 (en) * | 2002-12-09 | 2004-12-08 | 비엠에스(주) | Electric heating device and electric cushion having the same |
| US6933469B2 (en) | 2000-06-14 | 2005-08-23 | American Healthcare Products, Inc. | Personal warming systems and apparatuses for use in hospitals and other settings, and associated methods of manufacture and use |
| US6967309B2 (en) | 2000-06-14 | 2005-11-22 | American Healthcare Products, Inc. | Personal warming systems and apparatuses for use in hospitals and other settings, and associated methods of manufacture and use |
| JP2008254665A (en) * | 2007-04-06 | 2008-10-23 | Calsonic Kansei Corp | Vehicular heating system |
| JP2009045420A (en) * | 2007-07-26 | 2009-03-05 | Shimao Hori | Heater unit for room heating of vehicle and so on, seat for room heating, seat with room heating, and warming handle |
| JP2010132055A (en) * | 2008-12-03 | 2010-06-17 | Panasonic Corp | Vehicle heater |
| CN103182918A (en) * | 2011-12-27 | 2013-07-03 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Electric auxiliary heating device for electric vehicle and electric vehicle |
-
1990
- 1990-07-13 JP JP2184310A patent/JP3041631B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6653607B2 (en) * | 2000-06-14 | 2003-11-25 | American Healthcare Products, Inc. | Heating pad systems, such as for patient warming applications |
| US6924467B2 (en) | 2000-06-14 | 2005-08-02 | American Healthcare Products, Inc. | Heating pad systems, such as for patient warming applications |
| US6933469B2 (en) | 2000-06-14 | 2005-08-23 | American Healthcare Products, Inc. | Personal warming systems and apparatuses for use in hospitals and other settings, and associated methods of manufacture and use |
| US6967309B2 (en) | 2000-06-14 | 2005-11-22 | American Healthcare Products, Inc. | Personal warming systems and apparatuses for use in hospitals and other settings, and associated methods of manufacture and use |
| US7176419B2 (en) | 2000-06-14 | 2007-02-13 | American Healthcare Products, Inc. | Heating pad systems, such as for patient warming applications |
| US7196289B2 (en) | 2000-06-14 | 2007-03-27 | American Healthcare Products, Inc. | Personal warming systems and apparatuses for use in hospitals and other settings, and associated methods of manufacture and use |
| KR100459601B1 (en) * | 2002-12-09 | 2004-12-08 | 비엠에스(주) | Electric heating device and electric cushion having the same |
| JP2008254665A (en) * | 2007-04-06 | 2008-10-23 | Calsonic Kansei Corp | Vehicular heating system |
| JP2009045420A (en) * | 2007-07-26 | 2009-03-05 | Shimao Hori | Heater unit for room heating of vehicle and so on, seat for room heating, seat with room heating, and warming handle |
| JP2010132055A (en) * | 2008-12-03 | 2010-06-17 | Panasonic Corp | Vehicle heater |
| CN103182918A (en) * | 2011-12-27 | 2013-07-03 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Electric auxiliary heating device for electric vehicle and electric vehicle |
| CN103182918B (en) * | 2011-12-27 | 2015-11-25 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | A kind of electric auxiliary heating device for battery-driven car and battery-driven car |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP3041631B2 (en) | 2000-05-15 |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| LAPS | Cancellation because of no payment of annual fees |