JPH0473562B2 - - Google Patents

Info

Publication number
JPH0473562B2
JPH0473562B2 JP57219739A JP21973982A JPH0473562B2 JP H0473562 B2 JPH0473562 B2 JP H0473562B2 JP 57219739 A JP57219739 A JP 57219739A JP 21973982 A JP21973982 A JP 21973982A JP H0473562 B2 JPH0473562 B2 JP H0473562B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
optical fiber
tube
fiber sensor
cross
passage
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
JP57219739A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPS59111109A (en
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed filed Critical
Priority to JP57219739A priority Critical patent/JPS59111109A/en
Publication of JPS59111109A publication Critical patent/JPS59111109A/en
Publication of JPH0473562B2 publication Critical patent/JPH0473562B2/ja
Granted legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29DPRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
    • B29D11/00Producing optical elements, e.g. lenses or prisms
    • B29D11/00663Production of light guides

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Ophthalmology & Optometry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)
  • Optical Fibers, Optical Fiber Cores, And Optical Fiber Bundles (AREA)
  • Endoscopes (AREA)

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 本発明は観察または測定用途に使用され、かつ
光フアイバと該光フアイバによる観察または測定
を補助する手段とをチユーブ内に一体に包含した
構造の光フアイバセンサの製造方法に関する。
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides a method for manufacturing an optical fiber sensor that is used for observation or measurement and has a structure in which an optical fiber and means for assisting observation or measurement using the optical fiber are integrally contained in a tube. Regarding.

従来より、細径でありかつ可撓性がありかつ電
気を要しない等の特徴を有する光フアイバを使用
した観察あるいは測定装置としての光フアイバセ
ンサは種々の用途に用いられているのが、光フア
イバセンサの使用目的に応じて光フアイバと共に
追加の機能発揮手段を一体構造として包含した光
フアイバセンサが必要とされる場合が多い。
Conventionally, optical fiber sensors have been used for various purposes as observation and measurement devices that use optical fibers that are small in diameter, flexible, and do not require electricity. Depending on the purpose of use of the fiber sensor, an optical fiber sensor is often required that includes an optical fiber and additional functional means as an integrated structure.

一例として、生体内部観察あるいは測定用の光
フアイバセンサにおいて、光フアイバを挿入する
通路と観察補助手段としての流体を移送する複数
の通路とを内部に形成したチユーブに光フアイバ
を挿入して構成された光フアイバセンサが公知で
ある。
As an example, an optical fiber sensor for observing or measuring the inside of a living body is constructed by inserting an optical fiber into a tube that has a passage for inserting the optical fiber and a plurality of passages for transporting fluid as an observation aid. Optical fiber sensors are known.

第1図は従来の心拍出量測定用の光フアイバセ
ンサの一例の図解的外観図、第2図は第1図のA
−A断面を示す図である。この光フアイバセンサ
は測定実施のため生体血管内へ挿入されるが、光
フアイバセンサを構成する樹脂製のたとえば外径
2.3mmのチユーブ1はチユーブ外周壁と一体に構
成された内部の仕切壁によりチユーブ内側に4つ
の独立した軸方向に沿つた通路を形成している。
これら通路は光フアイバ6を挿入する通路2、血
管内または心臓内の所定の部位に血流にのつて光
フアイバセンサを運ぶためのガイド用風船7を膨
張させるガス又は液体を移送する通路3、心拍出
量を血液中に注入された色素の濃度・時間変化に
もとづき測定するためのインドシアニングリーン
等の色素を移送する通路でかつ噴出口8を備えた
通路4およびその他種々の薬物を移送する通路で
かつ端部に噴出口9を有する通路5として機能す
る。また生体内観察あるいは測定用光フアイバセ
ンサは生体内の観察あるいは測定用部位まで挿入
するため所要長さ、たとえば本例では1200mm程度
の長さを有するが、この光フアイバセンサはその
根本部に分岐マウント10を有し、ここから風船
用ガス注入口11、光コネクタ12、色素注入口
13および薬物注入口14とが分岐されている。
Figure 1 is a schematic external view of an example of a conventional optical fiber sensor for measuring cardiac output, and Figure 2 is A of Figure 1.
- It is a figure showing the A cross section. This optical fiber sensor is inserted into a biological blood vessel to carry out measurements, but the outer diameter of the resin that constitutes the optical fiber sensor is
The 2.3 mm tube 1 forms four independent passages along the axial direction inside the tube by an internal partition wall that is integrally formed with the outer circumferential wall of the tube.
These passages include a passage 2 for inserting an optical fiber 6, a passage 3 for transporting gas or liquid to inflate a guide balloon 7 for carrying the optical fiber sensor along the blood flow to a predetermined site within a blood vessel or heart; A passageway 4 for transporting a dye such as indocyanine green for measuring cardiac output based on the concentration and time change of the dye injected into the blood, and a passageway 4 equipped with a spout 8 and for transporting various other drugs. It functions as a passage 5 having a spout 9 at its end. In addition, an optical fiber sensor for in-vivo observation or measurement has a required length, for example, about 1200 mm in this example, in order to insert it into the in-vivo observation or measurement site, but this optical fiber sensor has a branch at its base. It has a mount 10, from which a balloon gas injection port 11, an optical connector 12, a dye injection port 13, and a drug injection port 14 are branched.

光フアイバセンサは前述のように生体内部に挿
入して使用される場合が多いため装置外径をでき
る限り細くすることが必要であり、本例の場合チ
ユーブ1の外径を所定寸法の2.3mm以下とするこ
とが必要である。
As mentioned above, optical fiber sensors are often used by being inserted into living organisms, so it is necessary to make the outer diameter of the device as thin as possible.In this example, the outer diameter of tube 1 is set to 2.3 mm. It is necessary to do the following.

このような構造を有する光フアイバセンサを製
作する場合、従来は所要の数および形状の内部通
路を有するチユーブを所定外径寸法を有するよう
押出成形し、完成チユーブの内部通路の1つまた
は複数に光フアイバを挿入する方法をとつてい
た。
When manufacturing an optical fiber sensor having such a structure, conventionally, a tube having a desired number and shape of internal passages is extruded to have a predetermined outer diameter, and one or more of the internal passages of the completed tube is formed by extrusion. The method was to insert an optical fiber.

しかしながら、上記従来の方法ではチユーブ内
の光フアイバ挿入用通路断面積が小さくかつ光フ
アイバの挿入長さが大きいため可撓性を有する光
フアイバをチユーブ内通路に挿入することが困難
であつた。
However, in the above conventional method, the cross-sectional area of the optical fiber insertion passage in the tube is small and the insertion length of the optical fiber is large, making it difficult to insert a flexible optical fiber into the tube passage.

また、光フアイバセンサの測定感度を良好にす
るためには光フアイバセンサ内部に挿入された光
フアイバの断面積の和が大きいほど望ましく、し
たがつて限定された光フアイバ通路内にできるか
ぎり光フアイバを断面密に挿入することが必要と
されていた。さらに、光フアイバの力学的、化学
的強度向上のため光フアイバ表面にプライマリコ
ートを施すのが通例であるが、光フアイバが石英
フアイバの場合プライマリコートとして一般に用
いられるシリコン樹脂はすべりが悪いという特性
があり、これが光フアイバを挿入する際チユーブ
通路壁と光フアイバとの間のすべりを悪くする作
用をもたらしていた。これら付加的理由により光
フアイバを光フアイバ通路内に円滑にかつ断面密
に挿入することは一層困難であつた。
In addition, in order to improve the measurement sensitivity of the optical fiber sensor, it is desirable that the sum of the cross-sectional areas of the optical fibers inserted inside the optical fiber sensor be as large as possible. It was necessary to insert it with a dense cross section. Furthermore, in order to improve the mechanical and chemical strength of the optical fiber, it is customary to apply a primary coat to the surface of the optical fiber, but when the optical fiber is a quartz fiber, the silicone resin that is generally used as the primary coat has a characteristic of poor slippage. This has the effect of impairing the slippage between the tube passage wall and the optical fiber when the optical fiber is inserted. Due to these additional reasons, it has been more difficult to insert the optical fiber smoothly and with a tight cross-section into the optical fiber passage.

本発明は従来知られているこのような光フアイ
バセンサの製造方法上の欠点を改良する目的でな
されたものであつて、光フアイバセンサの構造部
材をなすチユーブ内部の光フアイバ通路への光フ
アイバ挿入操作の容易化および挿入される光フア
イバ断面積の和の増大による光フアイバセンサの
測定感度の向上を目的としている。
The present invention was made for the purpose of improving the drawbacks in the conventionally known manufacturing method of optical fiber sensors, and it is an object of the present invention to improve the method of manufacturing optical fiber sensors. The purpose is to improve the measurement sensitivity of the optical fiber sensor by facilitating the insertion operation and increasing the sum of the cross-sectional areas of the optical fibers inserted.

本発明による光フアイバセンサの製造方法で
は、光フアイバ挿入時には光フアイバ挿入通路を
有するチユーブの断面積を拡大状態に保ちかつ光
フアイバ挿入後にチユーブを所定の完成品寸法を
有する状態まで断面収縮させることができるよう
光フアイバセンサの構造部材をなすチユーブを熱
収縮材で形成し、これとともにチユーブ断面積を
変化させるために加熱行程を導入している。
In the method for manufacturing an optical fiber sensor according to the present invention, the cross-sectional area of a tube having an optical fiber insertion passage is kept in an enlarged state when the optical fiber is inserted, and the cross-sectional area of the tube is contracted to a state having a predetermined finished product size after the optical fiber is inserted. In order to achieve this, the tube that forms the structural member of the optical fiber sensor is made of heat-shrinkable material, and a heating process is also introduced to change the cross-sectional area of the tube.

これにより、光フアイバをチユーブ内通路に挿
入する際はチユーブの断面積の拡大に比例して光
フアイバ挿入用通路断面積が挿入される光フアイ
バの断面積の和に比べ大きく保たれるため、光フ
アイバの挿入抵抗を減少させて挿入を容易にでき
るとともに挿入される光フアイバの断面積和を増
大させることができ、かくして光フアイバセンサ
の測定感度を向上させることができる。なおか
つ、光フアイバの挿入後にはこのチユーブを熱収
縮させて所定の寸法を有する光フアイバセンサ完
成品を得ることができる。
As a result, when inserting an optical fiber into a passage within a tube, the cross-sectional area of the passage for optical fiber insertion is kept larger than the sum of the cross-sectional areas of the optical fibers to be inserted in proportion to the expansion of the cross-sectional area of the tube. The insertion resistance of the optical fibers can be reduced to facilitate insertion, and the sum of the cross-sectional areas of the inserted optical fibers can be increased, thus improving the measurement sensitivity of the optical fiber sensor. Furthermore, after inserting the optical fiber, the tube can be heat-shrinked to obtain a completed optical fiber sensor having predetermined dimensions.

以下に図面を参照して本発明による光フアイバ
センサの製造方法の好ましい実施例について説明
する。
Preferred embodiments of the method for manufacturing an optical fiber sensor according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

第3図は本発明による熱収縮性樹脂からなるチ
ユーブを用いて第1図に示した心拍出量測定用光
フアイバセンサを製造する方法の概念を示す図で
ある。15は光フアイバセンサの構造部材をなし
かつ熱収縮材からなるチユーブ、16は加熱手
段、そして2,3,4,5および6は第2図と同
様である。Aは成形時の寸法を有するチユーブを
示す図である。Bは断面拡大されたチユーブに光
フアイバが挿入された状態を示し、Cは光フアイ
バ挿入後加熱によりチユーブが熱収縮した状態を
示す。そしてDはチユーブ全体が所定外径寸法に
収縮した光フアイバセンサとしての完成状態を示
している。
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the concept of a method for manufacturing the optical fiber sensor for measuring cardiac output shown in FIG. 1 using a tube made of a heat-shrinkable resin according to the present invention. 15 is a tube which is a structural member of the optical fiber sensor and is made of a heat shrinkable material; 16 is a heating means; and 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 are the same as in FIG. A is a diagram showing a tube with dimensions as molded. B shows a state in which an optical fiber is inserted into the tube whose cross section is enlarged, and C shows a state in which the tube is thermally shrunk by heating after the optical fiber is inserted. D shows the completed state of the optical fiber sensor in which the entire tube has shrunk to a predetermined outer diameter.

本発明実施の手順として、まずエチレン酢酸ビ
ニル共重合樹脂等の熱収縮性樹脂をあらかじめ第
3図Dの状態の完成品寸法、本例の場合外径2.3
mm、に合せて第3図Aに示すチユーブ15を押出
成型する。
As a procedure for implementing the present invention, first, a heat-shrinkable resin such as ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer resin is prepared in advance with the dimensions of the finished product in the state shown in Figure 3D, and in this example, the outer diameter is 2.3.
A tube 15 shown in FIG. 3A is extrusion molded to a size of mm.

このチユーブ15に電子線を照射して架橋を施
し、その後に光フアイバ挿入行程時の望ましいチ
ユーブ径、たとえば本例にて外径4mmまで加熱膨
張させる。望ましい寸法に膨張拡大されたチユー
ブを冷却し一時的に拡大寸法のまま寸法安定の状
態とする。
This tube 15 is crosslinked by irradiating it with an electron beam, and then heated and expanded to a desired tube diameter during the optical fiber insertion process, for example, an outer diameter of 4 mm in this example. The tube, which has been expanded to a desired size, is cooled and temporarily kept in a dimensionally stable state while maintaining the expanded size.

この状態で第3図Bに示されるように光フアイ
バをチユーブの光フアイバ挿入用通路2に挿入す
る。この時、通路2の断面積は完成品状態での断
面積に比べ拡大している(本例では約3倍に拡
大)。このため、挿入長さが大きくかつ光フアイ
バのプライマリコートによりすべりが悪いという
悪条件にもかかわらず完成品状態にて光フアイバ
通路に対し断面密となるよう光フアイバを挿入す
る操作は極めて容易である。
In this state, the optical fiber is inserted into the optical fiber insertion passage 2 of the tube as shown in FIG. 3B. At this time, the cross-sectional area of the passageway 2 is expanded compared to the cross-sectional area in the finished product state (in this example, it is approximately three times larger). Therefore, despite the adverse conditions of long insertion length and poor slippage due to the primary coat of the optical fiber, it is extremely easy to insert the optical fiber in the finished product state so that the cross-section is dense with respect to the optical fiber passage. be.

熱収縮性チユーブの材質としては前記エチレン
酢酸ビニル共重合体の他ポリエチレン、エチレン
酢ビコポリマー、塩素化ポリエチレン等を単独
に、またはチユーブの径、肉厚等から強度を調整
するため上記樹脂を2種類以上混合したものを用
いることができる。
In addition to the above-mentioned ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, the heat-shrinkable tube may be made of polyethylene, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, chlorinated polyethylene, etc., or two of the above resins may be used to adjust the strength depending on the tube diameter, wall thickness, etc. A mixture of more than one type can be used.

光フアイバ挿入後、第3図に示すように加熱手
段16により光フアイバ6が挿入されたチユーブ
15を加熱することにより第3図Bの状態に示さ
れる一時的に寸法安定状態にあつたチユーブは再
び初期寸法、すなわち外径2.3mmの完成品寸法へ
復帰するよう収縮を生じ第3図Cの状態に到る。
こうして、所定の寸法を備えかつ光フアイバをチ
ユーブの所定通路内に包含した第3図Dに示す光
フアイバセンサが完成される。
After the optical fiber is inserted, the tube 15 into which the optical fiber 6 is inserted is heated by the heating means 16 as shown in FIG. Contraction occurs again to return to the initial dimension, that is, the finished product dimension of outer diameter 2.3 mm, and the state shown in FIG. 3C is reached.
In this way, the optical fiber sensor shown in FIG. 3D is completed, which has predetermined dimensions and includes an optical fiber within a predetermined passage of the tube.

本発明は以上のように考案されているので、光
フアイバを光フアイバセンサの構造部材をなすチ
ユーブ内の通路に挿入する際、挿入される光フア
イバの断面積の和に比べ十分大きな断面積を有す
る光フアイバ通路を提供することができる。
Since the present invention has been devised as described above, when an optical fiber is inserted into a passage in a tube that forms a structural member of an optical fiber sensor, a cross-sectional area that is sufficiently large compared to the sum of the cross-sectional areas of the optical fibers to be inserted can be inserted. A fiber optic path having a fiber optic path can be provided.

したがつて、可撓性を有しかつ長さが大きくか
つ滑りの悪い被覆を施された光フアイバをチユー
ブ内の通路に容易に挿入することができる。同時
に挿入可能な光フアイバ断面積和を大きくするこ
とができるため光フアイバセンサの測定感度向上
も達成することができる。
Therefore, an optical fiber that is flexible, has a large length, and is coated with a non-slip coating can be easily inserted into the passage within the tube. At the same time, since the sum of the cross-sectional areas of the optical fibers that can be inserted can be increased, it is also possible to improve the measurement sensitivity of the optical fiber sensor.

以上、本発明を生体内測定用光フアイバセンサ
の一例としての心拍出量計用光フアイバセンサの
製造方法に適用した例について詳細を説明した
が、本発明は同様に血中酸素飽和度測定用光フア
イバセンサ、血管内または心臓内観察用光フアイ
バスコープ、各種の分光分析用光フアイバセンサ
等医療用および工業用分野を含めた光フアイバセ
ンサ全般に応用できる。
Above, details have been explained about an example in which the present invention is applied to a method for manufacturing an optical fiber sensor for a cardiac output meter as an example of an optical fiber sensor for in-vivo measurements. It can be applied to optical fiber sensors in general, including medical and industrial fields, such as optical fiber sensors for medical use, optical fiber scopes for intravascular or intracardial observation, and optical fiber sensors for various spectroscopic analyses.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of the drawing]

第1図は従来の心拍出量測定用光フアイバセン
サの一例の図解的外観図、第2図は第1図のA−
A断面を示す図および第3図は本発明による熱収
縮性樹脂からなるチユーブを用いて第1図の心拍
出量測定用光フアイバセンサを製造する方法の概
念を示す図である。 1……チユーブ、2……光フアイバ挿入用通
路、3……ガス又は液体移送通路、4……色素移
送通路、5……薬物移送通路、6……光フアイ
バ、15……熱収縮材からなるチユーブ。
FIG. 1 is a schematic external view of an example of a conventional optical fiber sensor for measuring cardiac output, and FIG. 2 is an A-
A diagram showing cross section A and FIG. 3 are diagrams showing the concept of a method for manufacturing the optical fiber sensor for measuring cardiac output shown in FIG. 1 using a tube made of a heat-shrinkable resin according to the present invention. 1...Tube, 2...Optical fiber insertion passage, 3...Gas or liquid transfer passage, 4...Dye transfer passage, 5...Drug transfer passage, 6...Optical fiber, 15...From heat shrink material Naru Chubu.

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】 1 内部に軸方向に沿つた複数の通路を有するチ
ユーブと該通路の1つまたは複数に挿入された光
フアイバとを少くとも含む光フアイバセンサの製
造方法において、熱収縮性樹脂で所定寸法に形成
された該チユーブを断面拡大させて該光フアイバ
を挿入した後に該チユーブを該所定寸法まで熱収
縮させることを特徴とする光フアイバセンサ製造
方法。 2 該熱収縮性樹脂がエチレン酢酸ビニル共重合
樹脂、ポリエチレン、エチレン酢ビコポリマー、
塩素化ポリエチレンまたは前記いずれか2種以上
の混合品からなる特許請求の範囲第1項の光フア
イバセンサ製造方法。
[Scope of Claims] 1. A method for manufacturing an optical fiber sensor including at least a tube having a plurality of passages along the axial direction therein and an optical fiber inserted into one or more of the passages, the method comprising: A method for manufacturing an optical fiber sensor, which comprises enlarging the cross section of the tube formed of resin to a predetermined size, inserting the optical fiber therein, and then heat-shrinking the tube to the predetermined size. 2 The heat-shrinkable resin is ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer resin, polyethylene, ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer,
The method for manufacturing an optical fiber sensor according to claim 1, which comprises chlorinated polyethylene or a mixture of two or more of the above.
JP57219739A 1982-12-15 1982-12-15 Manufacture of optical fiber sensor Granted JPS59111109A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP57219739A JPS59111109A (en) 1982-12-15 1982-12-15 Manufacture of optical fiber sensor

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP57219739A JPS59111109A (en) 1982-12-15 1982-12-15 Manufacture of optical fiber sensor

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS59111109A JPS59111109A (en) 1984-06-27
JPH0473562B2 true JPH0473562B2 (en) 1992-11-24

Family

ID=16740221

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP57219739A Granted JPS59111109A (en) 1982-12-15 1982-12-15 Manufacture of optical fiber sensor

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS59111109A (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108135445A (en) * 2015-08-07 2018-06-08 茵莱特恩视觉有限责任公司 Endoscope with variable cross-sections tip

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7129510B2 (en) * 2004-10-29 2006-10-31 Corning Incorporated Optical sensors

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS50117446A (en) * 1974-02-27 1975-09-13

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS4882924U (en) * 1972-01-05 1973-10-09
JPS6024323Y2 (en) * 1977-02-10 1985-07-20 オリンパス光学工業株式会社 Flexible tube for endoscope
JPS56175807U (en) * 1980-05-26 1981-12-25

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS50117446A (en) * 1974-02-27 1975-09-13

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108135445A (en) * 2015-08-07 2018-06-08 茵莱特恩视觉有限责任公司 Endoscope with variable cross-sections tip
CN108135445B (en) * 2015-08-07 2021-10-26 茵莱特恩视觉有限责任公司 Endoscope with variable profile tip

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS59111109A (en) 1984-06-27

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
DE69217130T2 (en) Endoscope sleeve
DE60133139T2 (en) Intra-aortic balloon catheter with fiber optic sensor
US4457749A (en) Shield for connectors
US5596988A (en) Multi-parameter sensor apparatus
US5246016A (en) Transport catheter and multiple probe analysis method
US4340615A (en) Apparatus for analysis of absorbed gases
US4796640A (en) Apparatus with fast response thermistor
US5423754A (en) Intravascular catheter
US5108369A (en) Dual-diameter multifunction catheter
EP0177124A2 (en) Catheter
EP0073558A2 (en) Fiber optic pH probe for tissue measurements
IE55752B1 (en) Mandrel for hose type catheters and body probes
JPS6120311B2 (en)
CA2082805A1 (en) High-strength, thin-walled single piece catheters
JPS61268245A (en) Laser catheter
GB1597185A (en) Self venting plug for venous entry unit
WO1986002540A1 (en) Volumetric flow rate determination in conduits not directly accessible
JPH0787860B2 (en) Method for connecting a catheter and a catheter body to an extension tube
US5524757A (en) Packaging sheaths for intra-aortic balloon catheters
US6811542B2 (en) Microdialysis probe and catheter arrangement
US5360418A (en) Connector for a thoracic catheter
US20190282157A1 (en) Sensing a property of a bladder wall
GB2078114A (en) Dilator
JPH0473562B2 (en)
US4336794A (en) Guide tube