JPH0473041A - Apparatus for measuring shape of cornea - Google Patents
Apparatus for measuring shape of corneaInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0473041A JPH0473041A JP2186269A JP18626990A JPH0473041A JP H0473041 A JPH0473041 A JP H0473041A JP 2186269 A JP2186269 A JP 2186269A JP 18626990 A JP18626990 A JP 18626990A JP H0473041 A JPH0473041 A JP H0473041A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- optical system
- light
- observation
- cornea
- image
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 210000004087 cornea Anatomy 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000012876 topography Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 201000009310 astigmatism Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 210000000744 eyelid Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 210000002294 anterior eye segment Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 201000000766 irregular astigmatism Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Eye Examination Apparatus (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
［産業上の利用分野］
本発明は、例えば眼科医院等で使用される角膜形状測定
装置に関するものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Field of Application] The present invention relates to a corneal shape measuring device used, for example, in eye clinics.
［従来の技術］
従来、被検眼の角膜形状測定装置としては、指標を被検
眼に投影してその角膜反射像の位置を一次元光位置検出
素子により検出したり、或いは特開昭５５−５４９３４
号公報、同６２−３４５２６号公報に開示されるように
二次元光位置検出素子により検出して、その位置から角
膜形状を算出するものが知られている。[Prior Art] Conventionally, as a corneal shape measuring device for an eye to be examined, an index is projected onto the eye to be examined and the position of the reflected corneal image is detected by a one-dimensional optical position detection element, or the method described in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 55-54934
As disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 62-34526, a method is known in which the corneal shape is detected by a two-dimensional optical position detection element and the corneal shape is calculated from the position.
［発明が解決しようとする課題］
しかしながら、上述の従来の角膜形状測定装置において
は、−次元光位置検出素子を用いる場合には、位置合わ
せの際に検者が被検眼の前眼部を観察するための撮像素
子、ビューファインダ等の光学系が別個に必要となり、
構造が複雑となる上にコスト高となる。また、二次元光
位置検出素子を用いる場合には、測定用の光位置検出素
子な位置合わせのための前眼部の観察系に併用すること
ができるが、角膜形状測定系と前眼部観察系において同
一の光学系を用いているために、角膜形状測定に適する
倍率で前眼部を光位置検出素子上に結像すると、倍率が
大き過ぎて前眼部の非常に狭い範囲しか観察できずに位
置合わせが困難となる。また、逆に前眼部観察に適する
倍率で指標の角膜反射像を投影すると、倍率が小さ過ぎ
て角膜反射像の分解能が低く、瞼等による光ノイズの影
響が含まれることになる。[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, in the conventional corneal shape measuring device described above, when using a -dimensional optical position detection element, the examiner observes the anterior segment of the eye to be examined during alignment. A separate optical system such as an image sensor and a viewfinder is required to
The structure is complicated and the cost is high. In addition, when using a two-dimensional optical position detection element, it can be used together with the optical position detection element for measurement and the anterior segment observation system for positioning, but it can also be used in combination with the corneal topography measurement system and the anterior segment observation system. Because the systems use the same optical system, when the anterior segment is imaged onto the optical position detection element at a magnification suitable for corneal topography measurement, the magnification is too high and only a very narrow area of the anterior segment can be observed. alignment becomes difficult. On the other hand, if the corneal reflection image of the index is projected at a magnification suitable for observing the anterior segment of the eye, the magnification will be too small and the resolution of the corneal reflection image will be low, including the effects of optical noise from the eyelids and the like.
光分割部材と光合成部材を用いて、倍率が異なる２つの
光学系を有する装置が特開昭６３−２４９２７号公報に
開示されているが、共有する光路上に配置された２個の
ハーフミラ−で光路を分離、結合し、その分離された光
路中に液晶シャッタを配置して両光学系の光束を選択し
ている。従って、最終的に光位置検出素子上に到達する
光量は１／４程度になり、測定及び観察に十分な光量を
得るためには、がなりの高電圧でストロボを発光させる
等の工夫が必要であり、コストや電気的安全性の面で問
題が生ずる。Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 63-24927 discloses an apparatus having two optical systems with different magnifications using a light splitting member and a light combining member. The optical paths are separated and combined, and a liquid crystal shutter is placed in the separated optical paths to select the light beams of both optical systems. Therefore, the amount of light that ultimately reaches the optical position detection element is about 1/4, and in order to obtain a sufficient amount of light for measurement and observation, it is necessary to devise measures such as firing a strobe at a very high voltage. This poses problems in terms of cost and electrical safety.
本発明の目的は、上述の従来例の欠点を解消し、単一の
撮像素子のみを有する簡単な構造で、位置合わせが容易
にでき、指標の角膜反射像の分解能が高くて瞼等の光ノ
イズの影響を含まない精度の高い角膜形状測定が可能で
、更に光源のコストが低（電気的安全性が高い角膜形状
測定装置を提供することにある。It is an object of the present invention to eliminate the drawbacks of the conventional example described above, to have a simple structure with only a single image sensor, to facilitate alignment, to provide a high resolution of the corneal reflection image of the index, and to provide a light source for eyelids, etc. The object of the present invention is to provide a corneal shape measuring device that is capable of highly accurate corneal shape measurement without the influence of noise, and has a low light source cost (high electrical safety).
［課題を解決するための手段］
上記の目的を達成するために、本発明に係る角膜形状測
定装置においては、第１の光源による指標を被検眼の角
膜に投影する測定用投影光学系と、該測定用投影光学系
によって投影された光束の角膜反射像を撮像素子により
受光する測定用受光光学系と、第２の光源によって前眼
部を照明する観察用投影光学系と、該観察用投影光学系
によって投影された光束の前眼部反射像を前記撮像素子
上に受光する観察用受光光学系とを有する角膜形状測定
装置であって、前記測定用受光光学系と前記観察用受光
光学系とは光路の一部を共有し、前記光路の一部中に配
置した光路切換手段によって前記測定用受光光学系と前
記観察用受光光学系とを選択し、前記測定用受光光学系
の結像倍率を前記観察用受光光学系の結像倍率よりも大
きくしたことを特徴とするものである。[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to achieve the above object, the corneal shape measuring device according to the present invention includes a measurement projection optical system that projects an index from a first light source onto the cornea of the eye to be examined; a measurement light receiving optical system that receives a corneal reflected image of the light beam projected by the measurement projection optical system using an imaging element; an observation projection optical system that illuminates the anterior segment of the eye with a second light source; A corneal shape measuring device comprising: a light-receiving optical system for observation that receives a reflected image of the anterior ocular segment of a light beam projected by an optical system onto the image sensor, the light-receiving optical system for measurement and the light-receiving optical system for observation; means that the light receiving optical system for measurement and the light receiving optical system for observation share a part of the optical path, and the light receiving optical system for measurement and the light receiving optical system for observation are selected by an optical path switching means arranged in the part of the optical path, and the light receiving optical system for measurement forms an image. It is characterized in that the magnification is greater than the imaging magnification of the observation light receiving optical system.
［作用］
上記の構成を有する角膜形状測定装置は、被検眼の前眼
部を照明して指標を角膜に投影し、その前眼部反射像と
角膜反射像とを光路切換手段を用いて選択的に異なる光
路に導いた後に同一の撮像素子上に倍率を違えて受光す
る。[Operation] The corneal shape measuring device having the above configuration illuminates the anterior segment of the eye to be examined, projects an index onto the cornea, and selects the anterior segment reflected image and the corneal reflected image using an optical path switching means. After guiding the light to different optical paths, the light is received on the same image sensor at different magnifications.
［実施例］ 本発明を図示の実施例に基づいて詳細に説明する。[Example] The present invention will be explained in detail based on illustrated embodiments.
第１図は角膜形状測定装置の構成図を示し、対物レンズ
ｌの光軸Ｐ１上には、対物レンズ１の後方に順次にクイ
ックリターンミラー２、リレーレンズ３、クイックリタ
ーンミラー４、撮像素子５が配置されており、クイック
リターンミラー２の反射方向の光軸Ｐ２上には、絞り６
、リレーレンズ３よりも小さな倍率を有するリレーレン
ズ７、反射ミラー８が設けられている。反射ミラー８の
反射方向の光軸Ｐ３とクイックリターンミラー４の反射
方向の光軸Ｐ４との交点には反射ミラー９が設けられて
いる。また、撮像素子５の出力はテレビモニタ１０に接
続されている。対物レンズ１の周囲には、第２図に示す
ように中心を光軸Ｐ１に一致させたリング形状のマイヤ
リング１１が設けられ、更にマイヤリング１１の周囲に
は光軸Ｐｉを中心とする同心円状にそれぞれ９０度の角
度をなして４個の測定光源１２ａ〜１２ｄが配置されて
いる。なお、クイックリターンミラー２．４は、図示し
ない駆動手段によって動作方向を矢印で示すように光軸
Ｐ１に挿脱可能とされている。FIG. 1 shows a configuration diagram of the corneal shape measuring device. On the optical axis P1 of the objective lens 1, a quick return mirror 2, a relay lens 3, a quick return mirror 4, and an image sensor 5 are arranged in order behind the objective lens 1. is arranged, and on the optical axis P2 in the direction of reflection of the quick return mirror 2, an aperture 6 is arranged.
, a relay lens 7 having a smaller magnification than the relay lens 3, and a reflecting mirror 8 are provided. A reflective mirror 9 is provided at the intersection of the optical axis P3 of the reflective mirror 8 in the reflective direction and the optical axis P4 of the quick return mirror 4 in the reflective direction. Further, the output of the image sensor 5 is connected to a television monitor 10. A ring-shaped Mayer ring 11 whose center coincides with the optical axis P1 is provided around the objective lens 1, as shown in FIG. 2, and a concentric circle centered on the optical axis Pi is provided around the Mayer ring 11. Four measuring light sources 12a to 12d are arranged at angles of 90 degrees. The quick return mirror 2.4 can be inserted into and removed from the optical axis P1 by a driving means (not shown) in the direction of operation indicated by the arrow.
前眼部観察時には、クイックリターンミラー２．４は光
軸ＰＩから離脱しておく。マイヤリング１１及び図示し
ない前眼部照明光源から出射された光束は、被検眼Ｅの
角膜Ｅｃ及び前眼部で反射され、光軸Ｐｉ上を右行し対
物レンズ１、リレーレンズ３を経て観察用光学系により
撮像素子５上に結像され、第３図に示すようにテレビモ
ニタ１０上に前眼部像Ｂとマイヤリング１０の角膜反射
像Ｍが映出される。When observing the anterior segment of the eye, the quick return mirror 2.4 is separated from the optical axis PI. The light flux emitted from the Mayer ring 11 and the anterior ocular illumination light source (not shown) is reflected by the cornea Ec and anterior ocular segment of the eye E to be examined, travels to the right on the optical axis Pi, and is observed via the objective lens 1 and the relay lens 3. The image is formed on the image sensor 5 by the optical system, and an anterior segment image B and a corneal reflection image M of the Mayer ring 10 are displayed on the television monitor 10 as shown in FIG.
また、角膜形状測定時にはクイックリターンミラー２．
４を光軸ＰＩ上に挿入すると、測定光源１２ａ〜１２ｄ
からの光束は同様に被検眼Ｅの角膜Ｅｃで反射され、光
軸Ｐｉ上を右行し対物レンズ１を経てクイックリターン
ミラー２で反射され、光軸Ｐ２上の絞り６で光束を制限
され、更にリレーレンズ７を介して反射ミラー８．９、
クイックリターンミラー４で反射された測定用光学系に
より、観察用光学系よりも大きな結像倍率で撮像素子５
に投影される。そして、テレビモニタ１０上には第４図
に示すように、前眼部像Ｂやマイヤリング１１の角膜反
射像Ｍよりも大きな倍率で、測定光源１２ａ〜１２ｄの
角膜反射像１２Ａ〜１２Ｄが映出される。なお、絞り６
は被検眼Ｅと角膜形状測定装置との距離が変化しても、
撮像素子５上の測定光源１２ａ〜１２ｄの角膜反射像１
２Ａ〜１２Ｄの倍率が変化しないような位置に配置され
ている。Also, when measuring the corneal shape, a quick return mirror 2.
4 on the optical axis PI, the measurement light sources 12a to 12d
Similarly, the luminous flux is reflected by the cornea Ec of the eye E to be examined, travels to the right on the optical axis Pi, passes through the objective lens 1, is reflected by the quick return mirror 2, and is restricted by the aperture 6 on the optical axis P2, Further, through the relay lens 7, a reflecting mirror 8.9,
The measurement optical system reflected by the quick return mirror 4 captures the image sensor 5 at a larger imaging magnification than the observation optical system.
projected on. As shown in FIG. 4, corneal reflection images 12A to 12D from the measurement light sources 12a to 12d are displayed on the television monitor 10 at a magnification greater than that of the anterior segment image B and the corneal reflection image M of the Mayer ring 11. Served. In addition, aperture 6
Even if the distance between the eye E and the corneal shape measuring device changes,
Corneal reflection image 1 of measurement light sources 12a to 12d on image sensor 5
It is arranged at a position where the magnifications of 2A to 12D do not change.
角膜形状測定の際には、マイヤリング１１と図示しない
前眼部照明光源を点灯して、撮像素子５上の倍率が小さ
（視野の広い前眼部像Ｂと角膜反射像Ｍとをテレビモニ
タ１０に表示する。検者はこれらの像Ｂ、Ｍを観察しな
がら第５図のテレビモニタ１０上の画面に示すように、
マイヤリング１１の角膜反射像Ｍが画面中心に至るよう
に、又は予め設けた位置合わせ用マークに合致するよう
に位置合わせを行う。位置合わせが終了すると、検者が
図示しない測定スイッチを押せば、マイヤリング１１及
び前眼部測定光源が消灯して測定光源１２ａ〜１２ｄが
点灯し、撮像素子５上の倍率が大きく視野が狭い測定光
源１２ａ＝１２ｄの角膜反射像１２Ａ〜１２Ｄの位置か
ら、例えば公知の方法によって角膜形状測定値を算出す
る。When measuring the corneal shape, the Mayer ring 11 and the anterior segment illumination light source (not shown) are turned on, and the magnification on the image sensor 5 is small (the anterior segment image B with a wide field of view and the corneal reflection image M are displayed on a TV monitor). 10.The examiner observes these images B and M as shown on the screen on the television monitor 10 in FIG.
Positioning is performed so that the corneal reflection image M of the Mayer ring 11 reaches the center of the screen or matches a positioning mark provided in advance. When the alignment is completed, when the examiner presses a measurement switch (not shown), the Mayer ring 11 and the anterior segment measurement light source are turned off, and the measurement light sources 12a to 12d are turned on, and the magnification on the image sensor 5 is large and the field of view is narrow. A corneal shape measurement value is calculated from the positions of the corneal reflection images 12A to 12D of the measurement light source 12a=12d, for example, by a known method.
なお、テレビモニタ１０上のマイヤリング１１の角膜反
射像Ｍの形状を検者が観察することによって、被検眼Ｅ
の角膜Ｅｃの乱視の度合や不正乱視の有無等を検者が定
性的に知ることができる。Note that by observing the shape of the corneal reflection image M of the Mayer ring 11 on the television monitor 10, the examiner can determine the shape of the eye E to be examined.
The examiner can qualitatively know the degree of astigmatism of the cornea Ec, the presence or absence of irregular astigmatism, etc.
また、クイックリターンミラー４をハーフミラ−に置換
すると、各光学系を経て最終的に撮像素子５上に到達す
る光量は１／２になるが、観察及び測定に支障がなけれ
ば可動部をクイックリターンミラー２のみにすることが
できて制御が容易になる。Also, if the quick return mirror 4 is replaced with a half mirror, the amount of light that passes through each optical system and finally reaches the image sensor 5 will be halved, but if it does not interfere with observation and measurement, the movable part can be returned to the quick return mirror. Since only the mirror 2 can be used, control becomes easier.
［発明の効果］
以上説明したように本発明に係る角膜形状測定装置は、
指標の角膜反射像と前眼部観察像を切換手段を選択的に
用いて異なる光路に導光した後に同一の撮像素子上に倍
率を違えて投影しているので、単一の撮像素子のみを有
する簡単な構造で位置合わせが容易にでき、指標の角膜
反射像の倍率を大きくして、分解能が高く、精度の高い
角膜形状測定が可能であり、また観察、測定用の光源か
らの光束が効率良く使用されているので光源の発光量を
小さくすることもでき、低コストで安全性の高い光源が
使用できる。[Effects of the Invention] As explained above, the corneal shape measuring device according to the present invention has the following effects:
Since the corneal reflection image of the index and the anterior eye segment observation image are selectively guided to different optical paths using a switching means and then projected onto the same image sensor at different magnifications, only a single image sensor can be used. It has a simple structure that allows for easy positioning, increases the magnification of the corneal reflection image of the index, enables high resolution and highly accurate corneal shape measurement, and also reduces the light flux from the light source for observation and measurement. Since it is used efficiently, the amount of light emitted by the light source can be reduced, and a low-cost and highly safe light source can be used.
図面は本発明に係る角膜形状測定装置の一実施例を示し
、第１図は構成図、第２図は測定光源とマイヤリングの
正面図、第３図、第５図は前眼部観察時の画像の説明図
、第４図は角膜形状測定時の画像の説明図である。
符号１は対物レンズ、２．４はクイックリタンミラー、
３．７はリレーレンズ、５は撮像素子、６は絞り、８．
９は反射ミラー、１０はテレビモニタ、１１はマイヤリ
ング、１２ａ〜１２ｄは測定光源である。
特許出願人 キャノン株式会社The drawings show an embodiment of the corneal shape measuring device according to the present invention, in which Fig. 1 is a configuration diagram, Fig. 2 is a front view of the measurement light source and Mayer ring, and Figs. 3 and 5 are views when observing the anterior segment of the eye. FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of an image during corneal shape measurement. 1 is an objective lens, 2.4 is a quick return mirror,
3.7 is a relay lens, 5 is an image sensor, 6 is an aperture, 8.
9 is a reflecting mirror, 10 is a television monitor, 11 is a May ring, and 12a to 12d are measurement light sources. Patent applicant Canon Co., Ltd.
Claims (1)
定用投影光学系と、該測定用投影光学系によって投影さ
れた光束の角膜反射像を撮像素子により受光する測定用
受光光学系と、第２の光源によって前眼部を照明する観
察用投影光学系と、該観察用投影光学系によって投影さ
れた光束の前眼部反射像を前記撮像素子上に受光する観
察用受光光学系とを有する角膜形状測定装置であって、
前記測定用受光光学系と前記観察用受光光学系とは光路
の一部を共有し、前記光路の一部中に配置した光路切換
手段によって前記測定用受光光学系と前記観察用受光光
学系とを選択し、前記測定用受光光学系の結像倍率を前
記観察用受光光学系の結像倍率よりも大きくしたことを
特徴とする角膜形状測定装置。1. A measuring projection optical system that projects an index from a first light source onto the cornea of the eye to be examined; and a measuring light-receiving optical system that receives a corneal reflected image of the light beam projected by the measuring projection optical system using an imaging element. , an observation projection optical system that illuminates the anterior segment of the eye with a second light source; and an observation light-receiving optical system that receives a reflected image of the anterior segment of the light beam projected by the observation projection optical system onto the image sensor. A corneal topography measuring device having:
The light-receiving optical system for measurement and the light-receiving optical system for observation share a part of the optical path, and the light-receiving optical system for measurement and the light-receiving optical system for observation share a part of the optical path. A corneal shape measuring apparatus characterized in that the imaging magnification of the measuring light receiving optical system is made larger than the imaging magnification of the observing light receiving optical system.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2186269A JPH0473041A (en) | 1990-07-13 | 1990-07-13 | Apparatus for measuring shape of cornea |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2186269A JPH0473041A (en) | 1990-07-13 | 1990-07-13 | Apparatus for measuring shape of cornea |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0473041A true JPH0473041A (en) | 1992-03-09 |
Family
ID=16185337
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2186269A Pending JPH0473041A (en) | 1990-07-13 | 1990-07-13 | Apparatus for measuring shape of cornea |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0473041A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2003024278A (en) * | 2001-06-19 | 2003-01-28 | Canon Inc | Corneal shape measuring apparatus |
| WO2007004383A1 (en) * | 2005-07-01 | 2007-01-11 | Kowa Kabushiki Kaisha | Ophthalmologic photographing device |
-
1990
- 1990-07-13 JP JP2186269A patent/JPH0473041A/en active Pending
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2003024278A (en) * | 2001-06-19 | 2003-01-28 | Canon Inc | Corneal shape measuring apparatus |
| WO2007004383A1 (en) * | 2005-07-01 | 2007-01-11 | Kowa Kabushiki Kaisha | Ophthalmologic photographing device |
| EP1900320A1 (en) * | 2005-07-01 | 2008-03-19 | Kowa Kabushiki Kaisha | Ophthalmologic photographing device |
| EP1900320A4 (en) * | 2005-07-01 | 2009-11-04 | Kowa Kabushiki Kaisha | Ophthalmologic photographing device |
| JP4852543B2 (en) * | 2005-07-01 | 2012-01-11 | 興和株式会社 | Ophthalmic imaging equipment |
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