JPH0461763A - Air cell - Google Patents
Air cellInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0461763A JPH0461763A JP17060290A JP17060290A JPH0461763A JP H0461763 A JPH0461763 A JP H0461763A JP 17060290 A JP17060290 A JP 17060290A JP 17060290 A JP17060290 A JP 17060290A JP H0461763 A JPH0461763 A JP H0461763A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- electrolyte
- air
- diffusion layer
- electrode
- gas diffusion
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011358 absorbing material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000005871 repellent Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 2
- BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-REOHCLBHSA-N (S)-malic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](O)CC(O)=O BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-REOHCLBHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-hydroxysuccinic acid Natural products OC(=O)C(O)CC(O)=O BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- NBVXSUQYWXRMNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluoromethane Chemical compound FC NBVXSUQYWXRMNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001630 malic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011090 malic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y02E60/128—
Landscapes
- Hybrid Cells (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
産業上の利用分野
本発明は、空気電池の改良に関するものであり、特に複
数個の空気電池を直列に接続した構成電池に関するもの
である。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention The present invention relates to improvements in air batteries, and particularly to a battery comprising a plurality of air batteries connected in series.
従来の技術
従来例々の空気電池を直列に接続した構成電池は、素電
池を複数個直列に接続したものを電池外装材で包被して
組み立てられていた。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION A conventional battery constructed by connecting air batteries in series was assembled by covering a plurality of unit cells connected in series with a battery exterior material.
発明が解決しようとした課題
上記方法で組み立てられた構成電池は、電池放電末期に
それぞれの素電池の電気容量のばらつきから、一番容量
の少ない素電池が最も早く劣化する。Problems to be Solved by the Invention In the constituent batteries assembled by the above method, the unit cell with the lowest capacity deteriorates the fastest due to variations in the electric capacity of each unit cell at the end of battery discharge.
劣化した素電池には他の未だ劣化していない素電池の放
電電流が強制的に流れる。その結果劣化した素電池は過
放電され激しくガス発生する。空気電池は正極活物質に
空気中の酸素を使用するため正極ケースの底部に空気供
給孔が開口している。The discharge current of other unit cells that have not yet deteriorated is forced to flow through the degraded unit cell. As a result, the deteriorated unit cell is over-discharged and generates gas violently. Since air batteries use oxygen in the air as the positive electrode active material, air supply holes are opened at the bottom of the positive electrode case.
素電池がこのように過放電された場合は、正極ケースの
底部の空気供給孔からアルカリ性の電解液が漏出する。When the unit cell is over-discharged in this way, alkaline electrolyte leaks from the air supply hole at the bottom of the positive electrode case.
漏出したアルカリ性電解液は非常に腐食性があり構成電
池の外装外に漏れた場合は機器を損傷する。The leaked alkaline electrolyte is highly corrosive and will damage equipment if it leaks outside the exterior of the battery.
この問題を解決するために、直列に構成された素電池は
放電後漏液しても構成電池の外装材の外部には電解液を
漏出させない方法が検討され、実施されてきた。In order to solve this problem, methods have been studied and implemented to prevent the electrolyte from leaking outside the exterior material of the constituent batteries even if the unit cells configured in series leak after discharge.
しかし上記方法の解決方法では構成電池の外装を空気取
り入れ口を除いて外装各部品を液密に密封しておくこと
が必要である。また構成電池の空気取り入れ口を被覆し
なければならない多孔質で撥水性の材料の選択と構成電
池の外装と撥水性の材料の接着が非常に難しい等の欠点
があった。そのため完全なものを得ることはできなかっ
た。However, in the solution of the above method, it is necessary to liquid-tightly seal each part of the exterior of the constituent battery except for the air intake port. Further, there are drawbacks such as the selection of a porous, water-repellent material that must cover the air intakes of the constituent batteries, and the difficulty in adhering the water-repellent material to the exterior of the constituent batteries. Therefore, it was not possible to obtain a complete product.
課題を解決するための手段
本発明の目的は、空気電池の構成電池が外装構成部品に
左右されることなく、放電後漏液しない素電池を提供す
るものである。Means for Solving the Problems An object of the present invention is to provide a unit cell of an air battery that does not depend on exterior components and does not leak after discharge.
構成電池の放電後でも最初に劣化した素電池の漏液をガ
ス拡散層（空気拡散層）の容積を大きくしておくことに
より防止できることがわかった。It has been found that even after the constituent batteries are discharged, leakage of the unit cells that initially deteriorated can be prevented by increasing the volume of the gas diffusion layer (air diffusion layer).
複数個直列に接続した素電池は放電後最初に劣化した素
電池の内部のガス発生に伴い電解液が空気極、撥水膜を
通過してガス拡散層（空気拡散層）に漏出してくるが、
ガス拡散層の容積が十分大きい場合、電解液が素電池の
空気孔を通じて電池外部へ漏出することは無い。その時
必要なガス拡散層の容積は電池負極へ注液した電解液の
注液量の約３０％以上あれば、電池放電後でも最初に劣
化した素電池の漏液を防止できる。When multiple cells are connected in series, the electrolyte passes through the air electrode and water-repellent membrane and leaks into the gas diffusion layer (air diffusion layer) as gas is generated inside the deteriorated cell after discharge. but,
When the volume of the gas diffusion layer is sufficiently large, the electrolytic solution will not leak to the outside of the cell through the air holes of the unit cell. If the volume of the gas diffusion layer required at this time is about 30% or more of the amount of electrolyte injected into the negative electrode of the battery, it is possible to prevent leakage of the unit cell which has deteriorated for the first time even after the battery is discharged.
作用
本発明により、空気電池の構成電池が外装構成部品に左
右されることなく、放電後漏液しない素電池を提供する
ことができた。Effect of the Invention According to the present invention, it was possible to provide a unit cell that does not leak after discharge, without depending on the exterior components of the air battery.
実施例
空気電池は、ガスケット３と嵌着した負極ケース１の中
に負極活物質となる亜鉛粉２と電解液として水酸化カリ
ウムの水溶液を充填し負極側電池構成体を組み立てる。In the air battery of the embodiment, a negative electrode case 1 fitted with a gasket 3 is filled with zinc powder 2 as a negative electrode active material and an aqueous solution of potassium hydroxide as an electrolyte to assemble a negative electrode side battery structure.
電池総高５．４ｍｍ、電池外径１１．６ｍｍの１．Ｅ、
Ｃ規格ＰＲ４４では電解液は約１４０ｍ１注液される。1. Total battery height 5.4mm, battery outer diameter 11.6mm. E,
In C standard PR44, approximately 140 ml of electrolyte is injected.
正極ケース８は底部に電池放電時に空気を供給するため
の透孔の空気孔９を有している。正極ケース８の底部の
中心部はケース外部に突出しており、そのケース内側に
ガス拡散層の空間を有している。The positive electrode case 8 has a through-hole air hole 9 at the bottom for supplying air during battery discharge. The center of the bottom of the positive electrode case 8 protrudes to the outside of the case, and has a space for a gas diffusion layer inside the case.
第１の実施例はガス拡散層に多孔性の電解液吸収紙１０
を載置し次に多孔性で撥水性のフッソ樹脂膜６．空気極
５．セパレータ４と順次載置し、正極側電池構成体を組
み立てる。In the first embodiment, a porous electrolyte absorbing paper 10 is used as a gas diffusion layer.
Next, a porous and water-repellent fluorocarbon resin film 6. Air electrode 5. The separator 4 is placed one after another to assemble the positive electrode side battery structure.
正極ケース８外部に突出した空気拡散層の容積はＰＨ１
０の場合電解液の注液量の約３０％の４２ｍ１以上あれ
ば、電池放電後でも最初に劣化した素電池の漏液を一防
止できることがわかった。The volume of the air diffusion layer protruding to the outside of the positive electrode case 8 is PH1
In the case of 0, it has been found that if the amount of electrolyte is 42 ml or more, which is about 30% of the amount of injected electrolyte, it is possible to prevent leakage of the unit cell that deteriorates for the first time even after the battery is discharged.
複数個直列に接続した素電池は放電後最初に劣化した素
電池の内部のガス発生に伴い電解液が空気極５．撥水膜
６を通過して空気拡散層に漏出してくるが、空気拡散層
の容積が十分大きい場合、電解液が素電池の空気孔９を
通じて電池外部へ漏出することは無い。その時必要な空
気拡散層の容積は電池負極へ注液される電解液の容積の
約３０％である。When a plurality of unit cells are connected in series, the first time after discharge, the electrolyte is discharged to the air electrode 5 due to gas generation inside the deteriorated unit cell. The electrolyte passes through the water-repellent membrane 6 and leaks into the air diffusion layer, but if the volume of the air diffusion layer is sufficiently large, the electrolyte will not leak to the outside of the battery through the air holes 9 of the unit cell. The volume of the air diffusion layer required at this time is approximately 30% of the volume of the electrolyte injected into the negative electrode of the battery.
第２の実施例としては多孔質な電解液吸収紙１０が存在
し、かつカルボキシメチルセルロースのような電解液吸
収材が存在する場合も同様な効果を得る。In the second embodiment, a similar effect can be obtained when a porous electrolyte-absorbing paper 10 and an electrolyte-absorbing material such as carboxymethyl cellulose are present.
第３の実施例としては多孔質な電解液吸収紙１゜が存在
し、かつクエン酸、リンゴ酸のような有機酸等のアルカ
リ性電解液と反応する化学物質が存在する場合にも目的
とした効果がある。In the third embodiment, a porous electrolyte-absorbing paper 1° is present, and a chemical substance that reacts with an alkaline electrolyte such as an organic acid such as citric acid or malic acid is present. effective.
第１の実施例で説明した素電池を６個直列に接続した構
成電池（Ａ）を試作し、従来の素電池での構成電池（Ｂ
）と比較した。夫々電池は１０個試作し、３．５にΩ連
続放電後、電池空気孔からの漏液を調査した。A constituent battery (A) in which six unit cells described in the first example were connected in series was prototyped, and a constituent battery (B) with conventional unit cells was manufactured.
) was compared. Ten test batteries were manufactured for each battery, and after continuous discharge to 3.5Ω, leakage from the battery air holes was investigated.
評価結果は表−１に示す。The evaluation results are shown in Table-1.
表−１ 示す断面図である。Table-1 FIG.
１・・・・・・負極ケース、２・・・・・・亜鉛、３・
・・・・・ガスケット、４・・・・・・セパレータ、５
・・・・・・空気極、６・・・・・・撥水膜、７・・・
・・・シール紙、８・・・・・・正極ケース、９・・・
・・・空気孔、１０・・・・・・電解液吸収紙。1...Negative electrode case, 2...Zinc, 3.
...Gasket, 4...Separator, 5
...Air electrode, 6...Water-repellent film, 7...
...Seal paper, 8...Positive electrode case, 9...
... Air hole, 10 ... Electrolyte absorbing paper.
代理人の氏名 弁理士 粟野重孝 はか１名空気孔から
漏液した構成電池数／総評価数発明の効果
本発明により空気電池の構成電池が外装構成部品に左右
されることなく、放電後漏液しない素電池を提供するこ
とができた。Name of agent: Patent attorney Shigetaka Awano (1 person) Number of constituent batteries leaking from air holes/total number of evaluations Effects of the invention The present invention allows constituent batteries of air batteries to prevent leakage after discharge without being affected by exterior components. We were able to provide a unit cell that does not contain liquid.
また構成電池の外装により放電後でも電解液が漏出する
ことが無くなったので、従来のような空気供給部を除い
た外装部品を液密に作る必要は無くなり、種々の構成電
池が安価にそして非常に製造し易くなった。In addition, the exterior of the battery components prevents the electrolyte from leaking even after discharge, so there is no longer a need to make the exterior parts liquid-tight, except for the air supply part, as was the case in the past, and various battery configurations can be made at low cost and very quickly. It has become easier to manufacture.
Claims (6)
、正極ケースのガス拡散側に形成されたガス拡散層の容
積が、負極に充填されている電解液の体積の３０％以上
であることを特徴とした空気電池。(1) An air cell using a gas reduction catalyst in the positive electrode, in which the volume of the gas diffusion layer formed on the gas diffusion side of the positive electrode case is 30% or more of the volume of the electrolyte filled in the negative electrode. An air battery characterized by:
を外装した特許請求の範囲第１項記載の空気電池。(2) The air battery according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of air batteries are connected in series and the entire battery is packaged.
とした特許請求の範囲第１項又は第２項記載の空気電池
。(3) The air battery according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that an electrolyte absorbing paper is present in the gas diffusion layer.
在する特許請求の範囲第１項又は第２項記載の空気電池
。(4) The air cell according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the gas diffusion layer includes an electrolyte-absorbing paper and an electrolyte-absorbing material.
反応する化学物質とが存在することを特徴とした特許請
求の範囲第１項、第２項及び第３項のいずれかに記載の
空気電池。(5) Claims 1, 2, and 3, characterized in that the gas diffusion layer includes an electrolyte-absorbing paper and a chemical substance that reacts with the alkaline electrolyte. air battery.
特徴とした特許請求の範囲第５項記載の空気電池。(6) The air battery according to claim 5, wherein the chemical substance that reacts with the electrolyte is an organic acid.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP17060290A JPH0461763A (en) | 1990-06-28 | 1990-06-28 | Air cell |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP17060290A JPH0461763A (en) | 1990-06-28 | 1990-06-28 | Air cell |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0461763A true JPH0461763A (en) | 1992-02-27 |
Family
ID=15907896
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP17060290A Pending JPH0461763A (en) | 1990-06-28 | 1990-06-28 | Air cell |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0461763A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2016072169A (en) * | 2014-10-01 | 2016-05-09 | 日産自動車株式会社 | Positive electrode for air battery and method for manufacturing the same |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5115944U (en) * | 1974-06-27 | 1976-02-05 | ||
| JPS5450929A (en) * | 1977-09-28 | 1979-04-21 | Mallory & Co Inc P R | Gas depolarizable battery for limiting contact with steam |
| JPS5834578A (en) * | 1981-08-25 | 1983-03-01 | Toshiba Corp | Alkaline air cell |
| JPS59214171A (en) * | 1983-05-18 | 1984-12-04 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Button-type air cell |
| JPS59215680A (en) * | 1983-05-20 | 1984-12-05 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Button-type air cell |
| JPS63175357A (en) * | 1987-01-14 | 1988-07-19 | Sony Corp | Air-zinc cell |
-
1990
- 1990-06-28 JP JP17060290A patent/JPH0461763A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5115944U (en) * | 1974-06-27 | 1976-02-05 | ||
| JPS5450929A (en) * | 1977-09-28 | 1979-04-21 | Mallory & Co Inc P R | Gas depolarizable battery for limiting contact with steam |
| JPS5834578A (en) * | 1981-08-25 | 1983-03-01 | Toshiba Corp | Alkaline air cell |
| JPS59214171A (en) * | 1983-05-18 | 1984-12-04 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Button-type air cell |
| JPS59215680A (en) * | 1983-05-20 | 1984-12-05 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Button-type air cell |
| JPS63175357A (en) * | 1987-01-14 | 1988-07-19 | Sony Corp | Air-zinc cell |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2016072169A (en) * | 2014-10-01 | 2016-05-09 | 日産自動車株式会社 | Positive electrode for air battery and method for manufacturing the same |
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