JPH0460170A - Internal combustion engine - Google Patents
Internal combustion engineInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0460170A JPH0460170A JP17204090A JP17204090A JPH0460170A JP H0460170 A JPH0460170 A JP H0460170A JP 17204090 A JP17204090 A JP 17204090A JP 17204090 A JP17204090 A JP 17204090A JP H0460170 A JPH0460170 A JP H0460170A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- combustion chamber
- fuel
- sub
- main
- main combustion
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003350 kerosene Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Combustion Methods Of Internal-Combustion Engines (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
［産業上の利用分野コ
本発明は、灯油、アルコール、またはアルコールとガソ
リンの混合物等の始動性の低い燃料を使用する内燃機関
に適用される燃料供給方法に関す〔従来の技術］
従来、内燃機関の始動性を改善するために、ガソリンエ
ンジン等の火花点火エンジンにおいては、気化器式燃料
供給装置を使用する方式ではチｅ−ク弁または始動増量
機構を設け、また、燃料噴射弁を使用する方式では、噴
射弁を電子制御することにより、始動時における供給燃
料の増量を図っている。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a fuel supply method applied to an internal combustion engine using a fuel with low startability such as kerosene, alcohol, or a mixture of alcohol and gasoline. [Prior Art] Conventionally, in order to improve the startability of internal combustion engines, spark ignition engines such as gasoline engines are equipped with a check valve or a starting fuel increase mechanism in systems that use a carburetor fuel supply device. Furthermore, in systems using fuel injection valves, the amount of fuel supplied at startup is increased by electronically controlling the injection valves.
［発明が解決しようとする課題］
これらの対策により、常温時の始動性は確保されるもの
の、低外気温時には始動に時間を要したり、また、燃料
増量に伴うＨＣエミッシロンの増大等の問題を生じてい
る。[Problems to be solved by the invention] Although these measures ensure startability at room temperature, there are problems such as taking time to start at low outside temperatures and an increase in HC emissilon due to increased fuel consumption. is occurring.
さらに、ガソリン以外の低揮発性燃料に対しては、上記
従来の方式によっても常温或いは低温での始動が困難で
あり、メタノール１００％燃料の場合、低温始動温度は
５℃程度が限界となり、このため例えばメタノール燃料
の場合、始動時にガソリンを約１５％程度混入して始動
性を向上する方法が採られるが、低温始動温度は−１０
”Ｃ〜−１５℃程度が限界となり、寒冷地での使用に問
題を有している。Furthermore, for low-volatile fuels other than gasoline, it is difficult to start at room temperature or low temperature even with the conventional method described above, and in the case of 100% methanol fuel, the low-temperature starting temperature is limited to about 5°C, and this Therefore, for example, in the case of methanol fuel, a method is adopted to improve starting performance by mixing about 15% gasoline at the time of starting, but the low temperature starting temperature is -10%.
``The limit is about C to -15 degrees Celsius, which poses a problem for use in cold regions.
この解決策として燃料噴射弁の代わりに超音波霧化装置
を採用し、超音波振動により燃料を霧化し、燃料の蒸発
を促進させ着火の向上を図る試みがなされ、ある程度の
始動性が改善されるものの、メタノール１００％燃料の
場合、低温始動温度は、０℃程度が限界となっている。As a solution to this problem, an attempt was made to use an ultrasonic atomizer instead of a fuel injection valve to atomize the fuel using ultrasonic vibrations, promote evaporation of the fuel, and improve ignition, which improved startability to some extent. However, in the case of 100% methanol fuel, the low temperature starting temperature is limited to about 0°C.
その理由として、吸気管への超音波霧化装置の取付方法
および燃焼室内の噴霧流動が不適切なため、燃料がシリ
ンダ内壁面に付着し、また、燃料の気化性が悪いためピ
ストン圧縮時に充分子ｉ 化ｆず着火に至らないこと、
さらに、噴霧流として燃焼室内に流入しても噴霧の量が
少なく、またアルコール燃料のように蒸発潜熱が大きい
ため、或いは灯油のように沸点が高いために、充分な気
化が行われず着火に至らないことが挙げられる。The reason for this is that the installation method of the ultrasonic atomizer to the intake pipe and the flow of the spray inside the combustion chamber are inappropriate, resulting in fuel adhering to the inner wall of the cylinder, and also due to poor vaporization of the fuel, which is insufficient when compressing the piston. It does not become oxidized and does not lead to ignition.
Furthermore, even if it flows into the combustion chamber as a spray stream, the amount of spray is small, and because the latent heat of vaporization is large like alcohol fuel, or the boiling point is high like kerosene, sufficient vaporization does not occur and ignition does not occur. One example is that there is no such thing.
本発明の目的は、上記問題を解決するものであって、始
動性の低い燃料を使用するエンジンの低温始動を可能に
し、かつ、始動時間の短縮、Ｈｃエミッションの低減お
よび燃賛の向上を図ることである。An object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems, and to enable low-temperature starting of an engine that uses fuel with low startability, and to shorten starting time, reduce Hc emissions, and improve praise. That's true.
［課題を解決するための手段］ そのために本発明の内燃機関の燃料供給方法は。[Means to solve the problem] To this end, the present invention provides a method for supplying fuel to an internal combustion engine.
始動性の低い燃料を使用するエンジンにおいて、ピスト
ン４の上部とシリンダヘッド３の間に形成される主燃焼
室５と、該主燃焼室５と主吸気弁８を介して連通される
主吸気管６と、主燃焼室５と連通孔７ａを介して連通さ
れ、主燃焼室５より小さな容積を有する副燃焼室７と、
副燃焼室７に副吸気弁９を介して連通される副吸気管１
ｏと、副燃焼室７に配設される点火装置エエと、前記副
吸気管１０または副燃焼室７に対向して配設される超音
波霧化装置１４とからなることを特徴とする。In an engine that uses fuel with low startability, there is a main combustion chamber 5 formed between the upper part of the piston 4 and the cylinder head 3, and a main intake pipe that communicates with the main combustion chamber 5 via a main intake valve 8. 6, and a sub-combustion chamber 7 that communicates with the main combustion chamber 5 via a communication hole 7a and has a smaller volume than the main combustion chamber 5;
A sub-intake pipe 1 communicating with the sub-combustion chamber 7 via a sub-intake valve 9
o, an ignition device A disposed in the sub-combustion chamber 7, and an ultrasonic atomizer 14 disposed facing the sub-intake pipe 10 or the sub-combustion chamber 7.
なお、上記構成に付加した番号は、理解を容易にするた
めに図面と対比させるためのもので、これにより本発明
の構成が何ら限定されるものではない。Note that the numbers added to the above configurations are for comparison with the drawings to facilitate understanding, and the configurations of the present invention are not limited thereby.
［作用］
本発明においては、例えば第１図に示すように、エンジ
ン始動時、燃料供給弁１３から超音波振動部材１２に燃
料を供給し、超音波霧化装置１４にて燃料を微細液滴に
霧化し、この燃料が副吸気弁９を経て副燃焼室７内に導
入される。副燃焼室７内に導入された始動用燃料の霧は
、構造上主燃焼室とは分割された副燃焼室７の空間内に
大部分が滞留するため、点火装置１１の周辺に着火に充
分な混合気を形成し、燃料の微粒化による気化促進効果
と挟まって始動性が大幅に改善される。[Operation] In the present invention, as shown in FIG. 1, for example, when the engine is started, fuel is supplied from the fuel supply valve 13 to the ultrasonic vibrating member 12, and the ultrasonic atomizer 14 converts the fuel into fine droplets. This fuel is atomized and introduced into the auxiliary combustion chamber 7 through the auxiliary intake valve 9. Most of the starting fuel mist introduced into the auxiliary combustion chamber 7 stays in the auxiliary combustion chamber 7, which is structurally separated from the main combustion chamber, so there is enough mist around the ignition device 11 for ignition. This forms a good air-fuel mixture, and together with the vaporization promoting effect of fuel atomization, starting performance is greatly improved.
［実施例コ
以下、本発明の実施例を図面を参照しつつ説明する。第
１図は本発明の内燃機関の１実施例を示す断面図である
。[Embodiments] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing one embodiment of the internal combustion engine of the present invention.
本発明においては、燃料として灯油、アルコール、また
はアルコールとガソリンの混合燃料等の始動性の低い燃
料を使用するのが最も効果的である。In the present invention, it is most effective to use a fuel with low startability, such as kerosene, alcohol, or a mixed fuel of alcohol and gasoline.
図において、火花点火エンジン１は、シリンダ２および
シリンダヘッド３を存し、シリンダ２内にはピストン４
が配設され、ピストン４の上部とシリンダヘッド３の間
には、主燃焼室５が形成されている。In the figure, a spark ignition engine 1 includes a cylinder 2 and a cylinder head 3, and a piston 4 inside the cylinder 2.
A main combustion chamber 5 is formed between the upper part of the piston 4 and the cylinder head 3.
シリンダヘッド３には、主燃焼室５と連通される主吸気
管６と、主燃焼室５と連通孔７ａを介して連通され、主
燃焼室５より小さな容積を有するＨｌ（燃焼室７が形成
され、主吸気管６には主吸気弁８が配設される。また、
副燃焼室７には、副吸気弁９を介して副吸気管１０が接
続され、副燃焼室７には、スパークプラグ、グロープラ
グ等からなる点火装置１１が配設され、副吸気管１ｏに
対向して超音波振動部材１２および燃料供給弁１３から
なる超音波霧化装置１４が配設される。The cylinder head 3 includes a main intake pipe 6 that communicates with the main combustion chamber 5, an Hl that communicates with the main combustion chamber 5 through a communication hole 7a, and has a smaller volume than the main combustion chamber 5 (the combustion chamber 7 is formed A main intake valve 8 is disposed in the main intake pipe 6.
A sub-intake pipe 10 is connected to the sub-combustion chamber 7 via a sub-intake valve 9. An ignition device 11 consisting of a spark plug, a glow plug, etc. is disposed in the sub-combustion chamber 7, and the sub-intake pipe 1o An ultrasonic atomizer 14 consisting of an ultrasonic vibrating member 12 and a fuel supply valve 13 is disposed opposite to each other.
なお、前記超音波霧化装［１４は、副吸気管ｌＯに対向
して設けてもよいし、副燃焼室７に対向して設けてもよ
いが、副吸気管１ｏに対向して設ける場合には、極力、
副燃焼室７に近い場所に設けることが燃料の副吸気管１
ｏへの付着を防止する上から重要である。Note that the ultrasonic atomizer [14] may be provided facing the sub-intake pipe 1O or may be provided facing the sub-combustion chamber 7; As much as possible,
The auxiliary fuel intake pipe 1 must be installed near the auxiliary combustion chamber 7.
This is important from the viewpoint of preventing adhesion to o.
超音波振動部材１２の一端側には霧化面が形成され、他
端側には電気・音響変換素子１５が設けられている。な
お、霧化面の形状は、ホーン型形状、丸型形状、バット
型形状等周知の形状が採用される。An atomization surface is formed at one end of the ultrasonic vibration member 12, and an electric/acoustic conversion element 15 is provided at the other end. Note that the shape of the atomization surface may be a well-known shape such as a horn shape, a round shape, a bat shape, or the like.
上記構成からなる本発明の作用について説明する。The operation of the present invention having the above configuration will be explained.
エンジン始動時、燃料供給弁１３から超音波振動部材１
２に燃料を供給し、超音波霧化装置１４にて燃料を微細
液滴に霧化し、この燃料が副吸気弁９を経て副燃焼室７
内に導入される。副燃焼室７内に導入された始動用燃料
の霧は、構造上主燃焼室とは分割された副燃焼室７の空
間内に大部分が滞留するため、点火装置１１の周辺に着
火に充分な混合気を形成し、燃料の微粒化による気化促
進効果と挨まって始動性が大幅に改善される。When starting the engine, the ultrasonic vibration member 1 is
2, the fuel is atomized into fine droplets by the ultrasonic atomizer 14, and this fuel passes through the sub-intake valve 9 and enters the sub-combustion chamber 7.
be introduced within. Most of the starting fuel mist introduced into the auxiliary combustion chamber 7 stays in the auxiliary combustion chamber 7, which is structurally separated from the main combustion chamber, so there is enough mist around the ignition device 11 for ignition. This forms a good air-fuel mixture, and together with the vaporization promotion effect of the atomization of the fuel, starting performance is greatly improved.
副燃焼室７内にて着火、燃焼した混合気は、燃焼時の急
激な体積膨張により、連通孔７ａを経て主燃焼室５内に
火炎となって吹き出し、主吸気管６から主燃焼室５内に
導入された混合気に着火、本格的な燃焼に至る。The air-fuel mixture ignited and burned in the auxiliary combustion chamber 7 blows out as a flame into the main combustion chamber 5 through the communication hole 7a due to rapid volumetric expansion during combustion, and is blown out from the main intake pipe 6 into the main combustion chamber 5. The air-fuel mixture introduced into the tank ignites, leading to full-scale combustion.
本発明においては、メタノール１００％燃料の場合、低
温始動温度は一１５℃以下となり、また、メタノール８
５％、ガンリフ１５％混合燃料の場合、低温始動温度は
一２５℃以下と改善させることができた。In the present invention, in the case of 100% methanol fuel, the low temperature starting temperature is -15°C or less, and methanol 8
In the case of a mixed fuel of 5% and gun riff of 15%, the low-temperature starting temperature could be improved to below -25°C.
なお、本発明は上記実施例に限定されるものではなく種
々の変更が可能である。Note that the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and various modifications can be made.
例えば、燃料としてガソリンを用いてもよいし、火花点
火エンジンに限定されず、副室式ディーゼルエンジンに
適用してもよい。For example, gasoline may be used as the fuel, and the invention is not limited to spark ignition engines, but may also be applied to pre-chamber diesel engines.
［発明の効果コ
以上のように本発明によれば、始動性の低い燃料を使用
するエンジンの低温始動を可能にし、かつ、始動時間の
短縮、ＨＣエミッシｅンの低減および燃費の向上を可能
にする。[Effects of the Invention] As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to start an engine using a fuel with low startability at a low temperature, and also to shorten the starting time, reduce HC emissions, and improve fuel efficiency. Make it.
第１図は本発明の内燃機関の１実施例を示す断面図であ
る。
１・・・エンジン、３・・・シリンダヘッド、４・・・
ピストン、５・・・主燃焼室、６・・・主吸気管、７・
・・副燃焼室、７ａ・・・連通孔、８・・・主吸気弁、
θ・・・副吸気弁、１０・・・副吸気管、１１・・・点
火装置、１４・・・超音波霧化装置。
第１図FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing one embodiment of the internal combustion engine of the present invention. 1...Engine, 3...Cylinder head, 4...
Piston, 5... Main combustion chamber, 6... Main intake pipe, 7.
...Sub-combustion chamber, 7a...Communication hole, 8...Main intake valve,
θ... Sub-intake valve, 10... Sub-intake pipe, 11... Ignition device, 14... Ultrasonic atomization device. Figure 1
Claims (1)
ピストンの上部とシリンダヘッドの間に形成される主燃
焼室と、該主燃焼室と主吸気弁を介して連通される主吸
気管と、前記主燃焼室と連通孔を介して連通され、主燃
焼室より小さな容積を有する副燃焼室と、該副燃焼室に
副吸気弁を介して連通される副吸気管と、前記副燃焼室
に配設される点火装置と、前記副吸気管または副燃焼室
に対向して配設される超音波霧化装置とからなることを
特徴とする内燃機関。(1) In engines that use fuel with poor startability,
A main combustion chamber formed between the upper part of the piston and the cylinder head, a main intake pipe communicating with the main combustion chamber via a main intake valve, and a main combustion chamber communicating with the main combustion chamber via a communication hole. a sub-combustion chamber having a smaller volume than the combustion chamber; a sub-intake pipe communicating with the sub-combustion chamber via a sub-intake valve; an ignition device disposed in the sub-combustion chamber; An internal combustion engine characterized by comprising an ultrasonic atomizer disposed opposite a combustion chamber.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP17204090A JPH0460170A (en) | 1990-06-29 | 1990-06-29 | Internal combustion engine |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP17204090A JPH0460170A (en) | 1990-06-29 | 1990-06-29 | Internal combustion engine |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0460170A true JPH0460170A (en) | 1992-02-26 |
Family
ID=15934416
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP17204090A Pending JPH0460170A (en) | 1990-06-29 | 1990-06-29 | Internal combustion engine |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0460170A (en) |
-
1990
- 1990-06-29 JP JP17204090A patent/JPH0460170A/en active Pending
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