JPH0457320B2 - - Google Patents

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Publication number
JPH0457320B2
JPH0457320B2 JP487289A JP487289A JPH0457320B2 JP H0457320 B2 JPH0457320 B2 JP H0457320B2 JP 487289 A JP487289 A JP 487289A JP 487289 A JP487289 A JP 487289A JP H0457320 B2 JPH0457320 B2 JP H0457320B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
reinforcing body
string
shaped
formwork
tube
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
JP487289A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPH02186987A (en
Inventor
Takehiko Oosawa
Seiichi Yabe
Akira Hirose
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology AIST
Original Assignee
Agency of Industrial Science and Technology
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Agency of Industrial Science and Technology filed Critical Agency of Industrial Science and Technology
Priority to JP487289A priority Critical patent/JPH02186987A/en
Publication of JPH02186987A publication Critical patent/JPH02186987A/en
Publication of JPH0457320B2 publication Critical patent/JPH0457320B2/ja
Granted legal-status Critical Current

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  • Immobilizing And Processing Of Enzymes And Microorganisms (AREA)

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 〔産業上の利用分野〕 本発明は、バイオリアクターに使用される固定
化微生物およびその製造方法に関する。
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to an immobilized microorganism used in a bioreactor and a method for producing the same.

〔従来の技術〕[Conventional technology]

一般に、廃水処理用バイオリアクターにおける
汚濁物除去媒体には、例えば、固定化微生物が使
用されており、このような固定化微生物あるいは
その製造方法としては、例えば、特開昭62−
144797号公報、特開昭62−155990号公報、特開昭
63−37156号公報、特願昭60−168984号等に開示
されるようなものが知られている。
Generally, immobilized microorganisms, for example, are used as a pollutant removal medium in bioreactors for wastewater treatment.
144797, JP 62-155990, JP
Those disclosed in Japanese Patent Application No. 63-37156, Japanese Patent Application No. 168984/1984, etc. are known.

〔発明が解決しようとする課題〕[Problem to be solved by the invention]

しかしながら、このような従来の固定化微生物
は、球状あるいは板状をしていたため、量産性に
劣るという問題があつた。
However, since such conventional immobilized microorganisms were spherical or plate-shaped, there was a problem in that they were inferior in mass production.

また、固定床タイプのリアクターにおける板状
固定化微生物では、充分な表面積を得ることが困
難であるという問題があつた。
Furthermore, there is a problem in that it is difficult to obtain a sufficient surface area for plate-shaped immobilized microorganisms in a fixed bed type reactor.

本発明は、かかる問題を解決するためになされ
たもので、従来より大幅に量産性を向上すること
のできる紐状固定化微生物およびその製造方法を
提供することを目的とする。
The present invention was made to solve this problem, and an object of the present invention is to provide a string-shaped immobilized microorganism and a method for producing the same, which can significantly improve mass productivity compared to the conventional method.

〔課題を解決するための手段〕[Means to solve the problem]

本発明にかかわる紐状固定化微生物は、紐状の
補強体の外側に沿つて、微生物または酵素を含む
ゲル状物質を固定してなるものである。
The string-like immobilized microorganism according to the present invention is formed by immobilizing a gel-like substance containing microorganisms or enzymes along the outside of a string-like reinforcing body.

また、本発明の紐状固定化微生物の製造方法
は、チユーブ状型枠の中心部に紐状の補強体を挿
通した後、前記チユーブ状型枠と補強体との間
に、微生物または酵素を含むモノマー混合液を注
入し、このモノマー混合液を重合反応し、得られ
たゲル状物質を前記補強体に固定するとともに、
前記チユーブ状型枠と補強体とを前記チユーブ状
型枠の上部に新たな空間が形成されるように相対
移動し、この空間に前記モノマー混合液を注入
し、この注入されたモノマー混合液を重合反応
し、得られたゲル状物質を前記補強体に順次固定
するものである。
Further, in the method for producing a string-like immobilized microorganism of the present invention, after a string-like reinforcing body is inserted into the center of a tube-like formwork, microorganisms or enzymes are inserted between the tube-like formwork and the reinforcing body. Injecting a monomer mixture containing the monomer mixture, subjecting the monomer mixture to a polymerization reaction, and fixing the obtained gel-like substance to the reinforcing body,
The tubular formwork and the reinforcing body are moved relative to each other so that a new space is formed above the tubular formwork, the monomer mixture is injected into this space, and the injected monomer mixture is A polymerization reaction is performed, and the obtained gel-like substance is sequentially fixed to the reinforcing body.

〔作用〕[Effect]

本発明の紐状固定化微生物では、紐状の補強体
の外側に沿つて、微生物または酵素を含むゲル状
物質が固定される。
In the string-like immobilized microorganism of the present invention, a gel-like substance containing microorganisms or enzymes is immobilized along the outside of the string-like reinforcing body.

また、本発明の紐状固定化微生物の製造方法で
は、チユーブ状型枠の中心部に紐状の補強体が挿
通された後、チユーブ状型枠と補強体との間に、
微生物または酵素を含むモノマー混合液が注入さ
れ、このモノマー混合液が重合反応され、得られ
たゲル状物質が補強体に固定され、この後、チユ
ーブ状型枠と補強体とがチユーブ状型枠の上部に
新たな空間が形成されるように相対移動され、こ
の空間にモノマー混合液が注入され、この注入さ
れたモノマー混合液が重合反応され、得られたゲ
ル状物質が補強体に順次固定される。
Furthermore, in the method for producing a string-shaped immobilized microorganism of the present invention, after the string-shaped reinforcing body is inserted into the center of the tube-shaped formwork, between the tube-shaped formwork and the reinforcing body,
A monomer mixture containing microorganisms or enzymes is injected, this monomer mixture undergoes a polymerization reaction, and the resulting gel-like substance is fixed to the reinforcing body. After this, the tube-shaped formwork and the reinforcement body are assembled into a tube-shaped formwork. The monomer mixture is injected into this space, the injected monomer mixture undergoes a polymerization reaction, and the resulting gel-like substance is sequentially fixed to the reinforcing body. be done.

〔実施例〕〔Example〕

以下、本発明の詳細を図面に示す実施例につい
て説明する。
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, details of the present invention will be described with reference to embodiments shown in the drawings.

第1図および第2図は、本発明の紐状固定化微
生物の一実施例を示すもので、図において符号1
は、例えば、合成繊維あるいは天然繊維からなる
紐状の補強体を示している。
Figures 1 and 2 show an embodiment of the string-shaped immobilized microorganism of the present invention, and in the figures, reference numeral 1
indicates a string-like reinforcing body made of synthetic fiber or natural fiber, for example.

そして、この補強体11の外側に沿つて、微生
物または酵素を含むゲル状物質13が固定されて
いる。
A gel-like substance 13 containing microorganisms or enzymes is fixed along the outside of this reinforcing body 11.

また、この実施例では、ゲル状物質13の外側
には、補強体11に沿つて、表面積を増大するた
め、多数の凹凸15が形成されている。
Further, in this embodiment, a large number of irregularities 15 are formed on the outside of the gel material 13 along the reinforcing body 11 in order to increase the surface area.

このように構成された紐状固定化微生物は、以
下述べるようにして製造される。
The string-shaped immobilized microorganism thus configured is produced as described below.

すなわち、先ず、第3図に示すように、チユー
ブ状型枠17の中心部に紐状の補強体が挿通され
る。
That is, first, as shown in FIG. 3, a string-like reinforcing body is inserted through the center of the tube-like formwork 17.

なお、この実施例では、チユーブ状型枠17の
長さは、30cm程度とされ、その内面には、第4図
に示すように、軸方向に沿つて多数の凹凸19が
形成されている。
In this embodiment, the length of the tube-shaped formwork 17 is about 30 cm, and as shown in FIG. 4, a large number of irregularities 19 are formed along the axial direction on its inner surface.

また、補強体11のゲル状物質13の固定開始
部には、チユーブ状型枠17の下部開口を遮蔽す
るための蓋体21が固定され、この蓋体21をチ
ユーブ状型枠17の下面に当接することにより遮
蔽が行われている。
Further, a lid 21 for shielding the lower opening of the tube-shaped formwork 17 is fixed to the fixing start part of the gel-like substance 13 of the reinforcing body 11, and this lid 21 is attached to the lower surface of the tube-shaped formwork 17. Shielding is achieved by contact.

この後、チユーブ状型枠17と補強体11との
間に、微生物または酵素を含むモノマー混合液が
注入され、このモノマー混合液が重合反応され、
得られたゲル状物質13が補強体11に固定され
る。
After that, a monomer mixture containing microorganisms or enzymes is injected between the tube-shaped formwork 17 and the reinforcing body 11, and this monomer mixture is subjected to a polymerization reaction.
The obtained gel material 13 is fixed to the reinforcing body 11.

すなわち、この実施例では、アクリルアミドモ
ノマー5〜30重量%、架橋剤であるBIS(メチレ
ンビスアクリルアミド)0.1〜1重量%および微
生物または酵素を含む水溶液と、5重量%
DMAPN(ジメチルアミノプロピオニトリル)と
2〜5重量%の過硫酸カリウムを含む混合液がチ
ユーブ状型枠17に注入される直前に混合され、
注液管23を通り、チユーブ状型枠17の上部開
口から、チユーブ状型枠17と補強体11との間
〓に充填される。
That is, in this example, 5 to 30% by weight of acrylamide monomer, 0.1 to 1% by weight of BIS (methylene bisacrylamide) as a crosslinking agent, and 5% by weight of an aqueous solution containing microorganisms or enzymes.
A liquid mixture containing DMAPN (dimethylaminopropionitrile) and 2 to 5% by weight of potassium persulfate is mixed immediately before being poured into the tube-shaped formwork 17,
The liquid passes through the injection pipe 23 and is filled between the tube-shaped form 17 and the reinforcing body 11 from the upper opening of the tube-shaped form 17.

このようにして充填された混合液は、重合反応
によるゲル化が進行し、5分でほぼゲル化し、ポ
リアクリルアミドゲルからなるゲル状物質13が
補強体11に固定される。
The mixture filled in this manner undergoes gelation due to a polymerization reaction, becomes almost gelatinous in 5 minutes, and the gel-like substance 13 made of polyacrylamide gel is fixed to the reinforcing body 11.

この後、チユーブ状型枠17と補強体11とが
チユーブ状型枠17の上部に新たな空間が形成さ
れるように相対移動され、この空間にモノマー混
合液が注入され、この注入されたモノマー混合液
が重合反応され、得られたゲル状物質13が補強
体11に順次固定される。
Thereafter, the tubular formwork 17 and the reinforcing body 11 are moved relative to each other so that a new space is formed above the tubular formwork 17, and the monomer mixture is injected into this space, and the injected monomer The mixed liquid undergoes a polymerization reaction, and the resulting gel-like substance 13 is sequentially fixed to the reinforcing body 11.

すなわち、この実施例では、第5図に示すよう
に、チユーブ状型枠17を固定した状態で補強体
11を下方に、例えば、毎分6cm程度の速度で連
続的に引き抜きながら、チユーブ状型枠17の上
部開口から、チユーブ状型枠17と補強体11と
の間〓に前述した混合液を順次供給することによ
り、この注入された混合液が順次重合反応され、
得られたゲル状物質13が補強体11に順次固定
される。
That is, in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 5, the tube-shaped formwork 17 is fixed and the reinforcing body 11 is continuously pulled out downward at a speed of, for example, about 6 cm per minute. By sequentially supplying the above-mentioned mixed liquid between the tube-shaped formwork 17 and the reinforcing body 11 from the upper opening of the frame 17, the injected mixed liquid is sequentially polymerized.
The obtained gel-like substance 13 is sequentially fixed to the reinforcing body 11.

以上のように構成された紐状固定化微生物は、
例えば、第6図に示すように、得られた紐状固定
化微生物25を、例えば、50cm程度の長さに切断
し、これ等を直方体状の枠体27に多数束ねるこ
とにより、バイオリアクターとして使用される。
The string-like immobilized microorganism configured as above is
For example, as shown in FIG. 6, the obtained string-shaped immobilized microorganisms 25 are cut into lengths of, for example, about 50 cm, and a large number of these pieces are bundled in a rectangular parallelepiped-shaped frame 27 to form a bioreactor. used.

しかして、以上のように構成された紐状固定化
微生物では、紐状の補強体11の外側に沿つて、
微生物または酵素を含むゲル状物質13を固定し
たので、従来より大幅に量産性を向上することが
できる。
Therefore, in the string-shaped immobilized microorganism configured as described above, along the outside of the string-shaped reinforcing body 11,
Since the gel material 13 containing microorganisms or enzymes is immobilized, mass productivity can be greatly improved compared to the conventional method.

また、以上のように構成された紐状固定化微生
物では、ゲル状物質13の外側に凹凸15を形成
したので、ゲル状物質13の表面積が増大するこ
ととなるため、バイオリアクターとして用いた時
に、処理効率を向上することが可能となる。
In addition, in the string-shaped immobilized microorganism configured as described above, since the unevenness 15 is formed on the outside of the gel-like substance 13, the surface area of the gel-like substance 13 increases, so that when used as a bioreactor, , it becomes possible to improve processing efficiency.

また、以上述べた紐状固定化微生物の製造方法
では、チユーブ状型枠17の中心部に紐状の補強
体11を挿通した後、チユーブ状型枠17と補強
体11との間に、微生物または酵素を含むモノマ
ー混合液を注入し、このモノマー混合液を重合反
応し、得られたゲル状物質13を補強体11に固
定するとともに、チユーブ状型枠17と補強体1
1とをチユーブ状型枠17の上部に新たな空間2
9が形成されるように相対移動し、この空間29
にモノマー混合液を注入し、この注入されたモノ
マー混合液を重合反応し、得られたゲル状物質1
3を補強体11に順次固定するようにしたので、
補強体11に連続的にゲル状物質13を固定する
ことが可能となり、さらに量産性を向上すること
ができる。
In addition, in the method for producing string-shaped immobilized microorganisms described above, after the string-shaped reinforcing body 11 is inserted into the center of the tube-shaped formwork 17, microorganisms are inserted between the tube-shaped formwork 17 and the reinforcing body 11. Alternatively, a monomer mixture containing an enzyme is injected, this monomer mixture is subjected to a polymerization reaction, and the resulting gel-like substance 13 is fixed to the reinforcing body 11, and the tubular formwork 17 and the reinforcing body 1 are
1 and a new space 2 at the top of the tube-shaped formwork 17.
9 is formed, and this space 29
A monomer mixture is injected into the injected monomer mixture, and the injected monomer mixture is polymerized, resulting in a gel-like substance 1.
3 are fixed to the reinforcing body 11 in sequence,
It becomes possible to continuously fix the gel-like substance 13 to the reinforcing body 11, and mass productivity can be further improved.

すなわち、例えば、第7図に示すように、チユ
ーブ状型枠31の中心に補強体33を挿通し、チ
ユーブ状型枠31の下面開口部をゲル混合液35
内に挿入し、このチユーブ状型枠31内にゲル混
合液35を吸引し、この状態で補強体33にゲル
状物質37を固定することが考えられるが、この
場合には、ゲル状物質37とチユーブ状型枠31
との摩擦のため、ゲル状物質37を引き抜くこと
が困難になり、50cm以上の紐状固定化微生物を製
造することが非常に困難になるという問題が生じ
る。
That is, for example, as shown in FIG. 7, the reinforcing body 33 is inserted into the center of the tube-shaped formwork 31, and the lower opening of the tube-like formwork 31 is filled with the gel mixture 35.
It is conceivable to insert the gel mixture 35 into the tube-shaped formwork 31 and fix the gel mixture 37 to the reinforcing body 33 in this state. and tube-shaped formwork 31
Due to the friction between the strings and the strings, it becomes difficult to pull out the gel-like substance 37, and a problem arises in that it becomes extremely difficult to produce string-shaped immobilized microorganisms of 50 cm or more.

また、この場合には、充填すべき混合液の粘性
が高いため、チユーブ状型枠31内に混合液を速
やかに充填することか困難であり、途中で重合反
応が進行し、ゲル化してしまうという問題があ
る。
Moreover, in this case, since the viscosity of the mixed liquid to be filled is high, it is difficult to quickly fill the mixed liquid into the tube-shaped formwork 31, and a polymerization reaction progresses during the process, resulting in gelation. There is a problem.

なお、以上述べた実施例では、補強体11を下
方に移動した例について説明したが、本発明は、
かかる実施例に限定されるものではなく、チユー
ブ状型枠17を上方に移動するようにしても良い
ことは勿論である。
In addition, in the embodiment described above, an example was explained in which the reinforcing body 11 was moved downward, but the present invention
Of course, the present invention is not limited to this embodiment, and the tube-shaped formwork 17 may be moved upward.

また、本発明の紐状固定化微生物は、廃水処理
用のバイオリアクターのみではなく、例えば、医
薬品、化学薬品製造等おけるバイオリアクターと
しても使用できることは勿論である。
Furthermore, it goes without saying that the string-shaped immobilized microorganism of the present invention can be used not only as a bioreactor for wastewater treatment, but also as a bioreactor for, for example, manufacturing pharmaceuticals and chemicals.

〔発明の効果〕〔Effect of the invention〕

以上述べたように、本発明の紐状固定化微生物
では、紐状の補強体の外側に沿つて、微生物また
は酵素を含むゲル状物質を固定したので、従来よ
り大幅に量産性を向上することができる。
As described above, in the string-shaped immobilized microorganism of the present invention, a gel-like substance containing microorganisms or enzymes is immobilized along the outside of the string-shaped reinforcing body, so mass productivity can be greatly improved compared to the conventional method. I can do it.

また、本発明の紐状固定化微生物の製造方法で
は、チユーブ状型枠の中心部に紐状の補強体を挿
通した後、チユーブ状型枠と補強体との間に、微
生物または酵素を含むモノマー混合液を注入し、
このモノマー混合液を重合反応し、得られたゲル
状物質を補強体に固定するとともに、チユーブ状
型枠と補強体とをチユーブ状型枠の上部に新たな
空間が形成されるように相対移動し、この空間に
モノマー混合液を注入し、この注入されたモノマ
ー混合液を重合反応し、得られたゲル状物質を補
強体に順次固定するようにしたので、補強体に連
続的にゲル状物質を固定することが可能となり、
さらに量産性を向上することができるという利点
がある。
In addition, in the method for producing a string-like immobilized microorganism of the present invention, after a string-like reinforcing body is inserted into the center of a tube-like formwork, microorganisms or enzymes are inserted between the tube-like formwork and the reinforcing body. Inject the monomer mixture,
This monomer mixture is subjected to a polymerization reaction, and the resulting gel-like substance is fixed to the reinforcing body, and the tube-shaped formwork and the reinforcing body are moved relative to each other so that a new space is formed above the tube-shaped formwork. Then, a monomer mixture was injected into this space, the injected monomer mixture was subjected to a polymerization reaction, and the resulting gel-like substance was sequentially fixed to the reinforcement, so that the gel-like substance was continuously applied to the reinforcement. It becomes possible to fix substances,
Furthermore, there is an advantage that mass productivity can be improved.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of the drawing]

第1図は本発明の紐状固定化微生物の一実施例
を示す縦断面図である。第2図は第1図の紐状固
定化微生物を示す横断面図である。第3図は本発
明の紐状固定化微生物の製造方法の製造開始の状
態を示す説明図である。第4図は第3図で使用さ
れるチユーブ状型枠を示す横断面図である。第5
図は本発明の紐状固定化微生物の製造方法の製造
途中の状態を示す説明図である。第6図は第1図
の紐状固定化微生物によりバイオリアクターを構
成した例を示す説明図である。第7図は本発明の
紐状固定化微生物の他の例を示す説明図である。 〔主要な部分の符号の説明〕、11……補強体、
13……ゲル状物質、17……チユーブ状型枠。
FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an embodiment of the string-shaped immobilized microorganism of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the string-like immobilized microorganism of FIG. 1. FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing the state at the start of production of the method for producing string-shaped immobilized microorganisms of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing the tubular formwork used in FIG. 3. Fifth
The figure is an explanatory diagram showing a state in the middle of production in the method for producing string-shaped immobilized microorganisms of the present invention. FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of a bioreactor configured with the string-like immobilized microorganisms of FIG. 1. FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing another example of the string-shaped immobilized microorganism of the present invention. [Explanation of symbols of main parts], 11...Reinforcement body,
13... Gel-like substance, 17... Tube-shaped formwork.

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】 1 紐状の補強体の外側に沿つて、微生物または
酵素を含むゲル状物質を固定してなることを特徴
とする紐状固定化微生物。 2 チユーブ状型枠の中心部に紐状の補強体を挿
通した後、前記チユーブ状型枠と補強体との間
に、微生物または酵素を含むモノマー混合液を注
入し、このモノマー混合液を重合反応し、得られ
たゲル状物質を前記補強体に固定するとともに、
前記チユーブ状型枠と補強体とを前記チユーブ状
型枠の上部に新たな空間が形成されるように相対
移動し、この空間に前記モノマー混合液を注入
し、この注入されたモノマー混合液を重合反応
し、得られたゲル状物質を前記補強体に順次固定
することを特徴とする紐状固定化微生物の製造方
法。
[Scope of Claims] 1. A string-like immobilized microorganism, characterized in that a gel-like substance containing microorganisms or enzymes is fixed along the outside of a string-like reinforcing body. 2. After inserting a string-like reinforcing body into the center of the tube-shaped formwork, a monomer mixture containing microorganisms or enzymes is injected between the tube-shaped formwork and the reinforcement body, and this monomer mixture is polymerized. Reacting and fixing the obtained gel-like substance to the reinforcing body,
The tubular formwork and the reinforcing body are moved relative to each other so that a new space is formed above the tubular formwork, the monomer mixture is injected into this space, and the injected monomer mixture is A method for producing a string-shaped immobilized microorganism, which comprises performing a polymerization reaction and sequentially fixing the obtained gel-like substance to the reinforcing body.
JP487289A 1989-01-13 1989-01-13 String-shaped immobilized microorganism and production thereof Granted JPH02186987A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP487289A JPH02186987A (en) 1989-01-13 1989-01-13 String-shaped immobilized microorganism and production thereof

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP487289A JPH02186987A (en) 1989-01-13 1989-01-13 String-shaped immobilized microorganism and production thereof

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH02186987A JPH02186987A (en) 1990-07-23
JPH0457320B2 true JPH0457320B2 (en) 1992-09-11

Family

ID=11595763

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP487289A Granted JPH02186987A (en) 1989-01-13 1989-01-13 String-shaped immobilized microorganism and production thereof

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPH02186987A (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0686348A1 (en) 1994-05-30 1995-12-13 Amano Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. Bread quality-improving composition and bread producing process using the same

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP4432050B2 (en) 2005-06-06 2010-03-17 株式会社日立プラントテクノロジー Manufacturing method and apparatus for entrapping immobilization carrier

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0686348A1 (en) 1994-05-30 1995-12-13 Amano Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. Bread quality-improving composition and bread producing process using the same

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH02186987A (en) 1990-07-23

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