JPH0445600B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0445600B2 JPH0445600B2 JP6100485A JP6100485A JPH0445600B2 JP H0445600 B2 JPH0445600 B2 JP H0445600B2 JP 6100485 A JP6100485 A JP 6100485A JP 6100485 A JP6100485 A JP 6100485A JP H0445600 B2 JPH0445600 B2 JP H0445600B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- plating
- plating solution
- borane
- nickel
- comparative example
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 claims description 100
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 43
- -1 amine borane compound Chemical class 0.000 claims description 32
- UORVGPXVDQYIDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N trihydridoboron Substances B UORVGPXVDQYIDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- 229910000085 borane Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910000990 Ni alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 150000003242 quaternary ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 27
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 13
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 12
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 10
- 241000080590 Niso Species 0.000 description 9
- RJTANRZEWTUVMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N boron;n-methylmethanamine Chemical compound [B].CNC RJTANRZEWTUVMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 238000007772 electroless plating Methods 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910001868 water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 4
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000008139 complexing agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 4
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical group C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical group C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 125000006165 cyclic alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 3
- LNOPIUAQISRISI-UHFFFAOYSA-N n'-hydroxy-2-propan-2-ylsulfonylethanimidamide Chemical compound CC(C)S(=O)(=O)CC(N)=NO LNOPIUAQISRISI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- YXIWHUQXZSMYRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-benzothiazole-2-thiol Chemical class C1=CC=C2SC(S)=NC2=C1 YXIWHUQXZSMYRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene oxide Chemical compound CC1CO1 GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SMWDFEZZVXVKRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Quinoline Chemical compound N1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 SMWDFEZZVXVKRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- WVMHLYQJPRXKLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N borane;n,n-dimethylmethanamine Chemical compound B.CN(C)C WVMHLYQJPRXKLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NNTOJPXOCKCMKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N boron;pyridine Chemical compound [B].C1=CC=NC=C1 NNTOJPXOCKCMKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- DDXLVDQZPFLQMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M dodecyl(trimethyl)azanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)C DDXLVDQZPFLQMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000002768 hydroxyalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- AWJUIBRHMBBTKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N isoquinoline Chemical compound C1=NC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 AWJUIBRHMBBTKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- KERTUBUCQCSNJU-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel(2+);disulfamate Chemical compound [Ni+2].NS([O-])(=O)=O.NS([O-])(=O)=O KERTUBUCQCSNJU-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- OFNHPGDEEMZPFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphanylidynenickel Chemical compound [P].[Ni] OFNHPGDEEMZPFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000003141 primary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000003335 secondary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000003512 tertiary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- UMGDCJDMYOKAJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiourea Chemical compound NC(N)=S UMGDCJDMYOKAJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- QLJRVHIGNLZYND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-benzyl-2h-pyridine-3-carboxylic acid Chemical compound C1C(C(=O)O)=CC=CN1CC1=CC=CC=C1 QLJRVHIGNLZYND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NGNBDVOYPDDBFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2,4-di(pentan-2-yl)phenoxy]acetyl chloride Chemical compound CCCC(C)C1=CC=C(OCC(Cl)=O)C(C(C)CCC)=C1 NGNBDVOYPDDBFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OQUFOZNPBIIJTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid;sodium Chemical compound [Na].OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O OQUFOZNPBIIJTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SBAJRGRUGUQKAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(2-cyanoethylamino)propanenitrile Chemical class N#CCCNCCC#N SBAJRGRUGUQKAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NDVLTZFQVDXFAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(2-cyanoethylsulfanyl)propanenitrile Chemical class N#CCCSCCC#N NDVLTZFQVDXFAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YBAZINRZQSAIAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-aminobenzonitrile Chemical class NC1=CC=C(C#N)C=C1 YBAZINRZQSAIAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000521 B alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DTVWWIWHLAXIHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N B.C1CNCCN1 Chemical compound B.C1CNCCN1 DTVWWIWHLAXIHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CAEVTYWAKJXVBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N B.CCCCCCCCCCCCN(C)C Chemical compound B.CCCCCCCCCCCCN(C)C CAEVTYWAKJXVBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OESNBVMBLLARPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N B.CN1CCOCC1 Chemical compound B.CN1CCOCC1 OESNBVMBLLARPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- APQOEKJEHXFVRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N B.COCCN(C)C Chemical compound B.COCCN(C)C APQOEKJEHXFVRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052582 BN Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron nitride Chemical compound N#B PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylenediamine Chemical compound NCCN PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZKAFJHGXWGDTRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N O=C(C1=CC=CN(CC2=CC=CC=C2)C1)Cl Chemical compound O=C(C1=CC=CN(CC2=CC=CC=C2)C1)Cl ZKAFJHGXWGDTRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium acetate Chemical compound [Na+].CC([O-])=O VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Natural products NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XNNKQIPMIAMBJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N aniline;boron Chemical compound [B].NC1=CC=CC=C1 XNNKQIPMIAMBJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenic atom Chemical compound [As] RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VDTVZBCTOQDZSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N borane N-ethylethanamine Chemical compound B.CCNCC VDTVZBCTOQDZSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GKFJEDWZQZKYHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N borane;2-methylpropan-2-amine Chemical compound B.CC(C)(C)N GKFJEDWZQZKYHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QDWJUBJKEHXSMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N boranylidynenickel Chemical compound [Ni]#B QDWJUBJKEHXSMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001639 boron compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QHXLIQMGIGEHJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N boron;2-methylpyridine Chemical compound [B].CC1=CC=CC=N1 QHXLIQMGIGEHJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YJROYUJAFGZMJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N boron;morpholine Chemical compound [B].C1COCCN1 YJROYUJAFGZMJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VEWFZHAHZPVQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N boron;n,n-diethylethanamine Chemical compound [B].CCN(CC)CC VEWFZHAHZPVQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ITQYPUFOGQVEHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N boron;n-propan-2-ylpropan-2-amine Chemical compound [B].CC(C)NC(C)C ITQYPUFOGQVEHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SXDBWCPKPHAZSM-UHFFFAOYSA-M bromate Inorganic materials [O-]Br(=O)=O SXDBWCPKPHAZSM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- SXDBWCPKPHAZSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromic acid Chemical compound OBr(=O)=O SXDBWCPKPHAZSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YNCZNSWQAGQAJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N but-2-yne-1,1-diol Chemical compound CC#CC(O)O YNCZNSWQAGQAJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001661 cadmium Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- KRVSOGSZCMJSLX-UHFFFAOYSA-L chromic acid Substances O[Cr](O)(=O)=O KRVSOGSZCMJSLX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000536 complexating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000005238 degreasing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011790 ferrous sulphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000003891 ferrous sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- AWJWCTOOIBYHON-UHFFFAOYSA-N furo[3,4-b]pyrazine-5,7-dione Chemical compound C1=CN=C2C(=O)OC(=O)C2=N1 AWJWCTOOIBYHON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium atom Chemical compound [In] APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002484 inorganic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- ICIWUVCWSCSTAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M iodate Chemical compound [O-]I(=O)=O ICIWUVCWSCSTAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(2+) sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Fe+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000359 iron(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004310 lactic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011133 lead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002730 mercury Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- PMRYVIKBURPHAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N methimazole Chemical class CN1C=CNC1=S PMRYVIKBURPHAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052755 nonmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002843 nonmetals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005554 pickling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001632 sodium acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000017281 sodium acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfuric acid Substances OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- RYCLIXPGLDDLTM-UHFFFAOYSA-J tetrapotassium;phosphonato phosphate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O RYCLIXPGLDDLTM-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 150000003475 thallium Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- YODZTKMDCQEPHD-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiodiglycol Chemical class OCCSCCO YODZTKMDCQEPHD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011135 tin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D15/00—Electrolytic or electrophoretic production of coatings containing embedded materials, e.g. particles, whiskers, wires
- C25D15/02—Combined electrolytic and electrophoretic processes with charged materials
Description
産業上の利用分野
本発明はアミンボラン化合物及び水不溶性物
質、更に第4級アンモニウム塩を必要により含有
する電気ニツケルめつき液又はニツケル合金めつ
き液を用いて電気めつきする方法に関する。
従来技術及びその問題点
従来、機械類の摺動部品、自動車のピストン及
びシリンダー等には硬質クロムめつき或いはSiC
(シリコンカーバイド)やα−BN(六方晶窒化ほ
う素)を共析させた複合ニツケル−リン電気めつ
きや無電解複合めつき等の表面処理が施されてき
た。しかしながら、これらの方法は種々の問題点
を有しており、例えば硬質クロムめつきはめつき
速度が小さく、且つ耐熱性、耐薬品性に劣り、潤
滑剤を使用しない場合には、耐摩耗性が十分発揮
されない。更に、めつきに使用するクロム酸は公
害防止の点からも問題がある。
また、複合ニツケル−リン電気めつきはめつき
被膜の柔軟性に乏しく、熱安定性に劣る上に、更
にめつき速度も小さいという問題を有している。
更にまた、無電解複合めつき方法はめつき速度
が非常に小さく、めつき浴の構成成分として有機
錯化剤を大量に使用するのでめつき被膜中にこれ
らの成分が共析し、めつき物性を低下させるとい
う問題がある上に、無電解めつき法では電気めつ
き法に比べてコストが高くつくという問題も有し
ている。
発明の概要
本発明者らは上記事情に鑑み、複合電気ニツケ
ル又はニツケル合金めつき法により耐摩耗性等に
優れた電気めつき被膜を得る方法につき鋭意研究
を行なつた結果、アミンボラン化合物又はアミン
ボラン化合物と第4級アンモニウム塩とを水不溶
性物質(複合材)を分散含有する複合電気ニツケ
ルめつき液又はニツケル合金めつき液に添加し、
このめつき液を用いて被めつき物を電気めつきし
た場合、得られためつき被膜は耐摩耗性に非常に
優れていると共に、その複合材の種類に応じて潤
滑性、非粘着性、離型性、撥水性、撥油性、接着
性、耐酸化性、耐熱性、耐食性、耐焼付性等の特
性が付与されることを知見した。
即ち、アミンボラン化合物と金属、水不溶性無
機及び有機微粒子並びに繊維から選ばれる1種以
上の水不溶性物質とを含む複合ニツケルめつき液
又はニツケル合金めつき液を用いて得られた電気
複合めつき被膜は、従来の複合ニツケル及びニツ
ケル合金液から得られた電気複合めつき被膜は勿
論のこと、ジメチルアミンボラン等のホウ素化合
物を還元剤とする無電解複合ニツケル−ホウ素合
金めつき被膜よりも耐摩耗性に優れており、特に
アミンボラン化合物と第4級アンモニウム塩とを
併用してこれらと水不溶性物質とを含むめつき液
を用いた場合には、得られためつき被膜は一層耐
摩耗性に優れると共に、耐熱性も大幅に改善され
ることを知見し、本発明をなすに至つたものであ
る。
従つて、本発明はアミンボラン化合物と金属、
水不溶性無機及び有機微粒子並びに繊維から選ば
れる1種以上の水不溶性物質とを含有する電気ニ
ツケルめつき液又はニツケル合金めつき液を用い
て被めつき物を電気めつきすることを特徴とする
電気めつき方法、及び
アミンボラン化合物と、第4級アンモニウム塩
と、金属、水不溶性無機及び有機微粒子並びに繊
維から選ばれる1種以上の水不溶性物質とを含有
する電気ニツケルめつき液又はニツケル合金めつ
き液を用いて被めつき物を電気めつきすることを
特徴とする電気めつき方法を提供するものであ
る。
本発明の方法によれば、電気めつき方法を採用
するので無電解めつき法に比較してめつき速度が
大きく、まためつき被膜の内部応力を小さくする
こともでき、しかもめつきコストも安価である
上、全硫酸塩浴、全塩化物浴、ワツト浴、スルフ
アミン酸浴等の錯化剤を含有しないいわゆる単純
塩浴を使用することも可能であり、これにより排
水処理上の問題を少なくすることができる。
以下、更に詳しく本発明を説明する。
発明の構成
本発明に係るめつき方法はアミンボラン化合物
と必要により第4級アンモニウム塩とを金属、水
不溶性無機及び有機微粒子並びに繊維から選ばれ
る1種以上の水不溶性物質とを分散含有する電気
ニツケルめつき液又はニツケル合金めつき液に添
加した複合めつき液を用いて被めつき物を電気め
つきするものである。
ここで、電気ニツケル合金めつき液を使用する
場合、ニツケルと合金を形成する金属又は非金属
としては、コバルト、鉄、錫、鉛、銅、クロム、
亜鉛、ビスマス、インジウム、タングステン、モ
リブデン、砒素、アンチモン、リン等が挙げられ
るが、耐摩耗性等の点からは、コバルト、鉄、タ
ングステン、リンが好ましい。これらの合金成分
の含有量は必ずしも制限されないが、めつき被膜
中に20%(重量%、以下同じ)以下、特に5%以
下含有することが好ましい。
また、電気ニツケルめつき液及び電気ニツケル
合金めつき液としては、全硫酸浴、全塩化物浴、
ワツト浴、スルフアミン酸浴、無機又は有機化合
物による錯化浴、ホウフツ化浴等が用いられる。
これらめつき液のpH、それにめつき条件は、
使用するめつき液の種類等によつて選定され、例
えばpHは約1〜14、特に約2〜13、めつき温度
は約10〜90℃、特に約35〜60℃、陰極電流密度
(Dk)は約0.01〜100A/dm2、特に約0.1〜
10A/dm2とすることができる。また、必要によ
り液攪拌を行なうこともできるが、この場合液攪
拌方法としては、空気攪拌、カソードロツキン
グ、ポンプによる液循環、プロペラ式攪拌機によ
る液攪拌等の方法が採用し得る。
なお、めつき液中の塩類濃度を高くすると共
に、めつき温度を高くし、かつ強攪拌を採用する
ことにより高速めつきを行なうことができ、また
通常のラツクを用いるめつき法以外に、めつき液
中の塩濃度、めつき条件を適宜選定することによ
り、パレルめつき、振動めつき等の各種めつき法
を採用し得る
本発明に使用し得る電気ニツケルめつき液の代
表的な例を下記に示す。
1 NiSO4・6H2O 280g/
NiCl2・6H2O 45〃
H3BO3 40〃
H3BO3 40〃
pH 5.0
温度 55℃
Dk 5A/dm2
2 NiSO4・6H2O 280g/
H3BO3 40〃
pH 5.0
温度 55℃
Dk 4A/dm2
3 NiSO4・6H2O 60g/
エチレンジアミン 120〃
NaOH 80〃
pH 12.5
温度 55℃
Dk 3A/dm2
4 NiSO4・6H2O 80g/
クエン酸ナトリウム 40〃
乳酸 20〃
pH 7.0
温度 40℃
Dk 3A/dm2
5 NiSO4・6H2O 60g/
NiCl2・6H2O 20〃
ピロリン酸カリウム 150〃
pH 10.0
温度 60℃
Dk 3A/dm2
6 NiSO4・7H2O 250g/
NiCl2・6H2O 40〃
(NH4)2SO4 100〃
pH(アンモニアで調整) 8.5
温度 50℃
Dk 4A/dm2
7 Ni(BF4)2 220g/
H3BO3 30〃
pH 3.0〜4.5
温度 50〜60℃
Dk 7A/dm2
8 スルフアミン酸ニツケル 300g/
NiCl2・6H2O 10〃
H3BO3 30〃
pH 3.5〜4.5
温度 30〜60℃
Dk 2〜25A/dm2
9 スルフアミン酸ニツケル 450g/
H3BO3 30〃
pH 3〜5
温度 40〜60℃
Dk 2〜3A/dm2
10 NiSO4・6H2O 80〜150g/
NiCl2・6H2O 40〜110〃
硫酸第1鉄 5〜20〃
H3BO3 40〜50〃
pH 2.8〜3.5
温度 55〜65℃
Dk 2〜8A/dm2
なお、合金めつきの場合は上記の液に合金化に
必要な適宜な塩類を添加する。
本発明においては、上述した電気ニツケルめつ
き液又はニツケル合金めつき液にアミンボラン化
合物を添加するものであるが、この場合アミンボ
ラン化合物としては、例えばトリメチルアミンボ
ラン、モルフオリンボラン、N−メチルモルフオ
リンボラン、モルフオリンジエチルボラン、ター
シャリーブチルアミンボラン、ジメチルアミンボ
ラン、ジエチルアミンボラン、ピリジンボラン、
ピコリンボラン、ジメチルプロピルアミンボラ
ン、アニリンボラン、ジメチルアミンジメチルボ
ラン、トリエチルアミンボラン、ジメチルドデシ
ルアミンボラン、ピリジンボラン、ピペラジンボ
ラン、2−メトキシエチルジメチルアミンボラ
ン、ジイソプロピルアミンボラン等が挙げられ、
これらの1種又は2種以上を組み合せて使用する
ことができる。これらのうちでは特に下記A,B
及びC式で示される第3級アミンのボラン付加体
が好適に用いられる。
(但し、R1,R2及びR3はそれぞれメチル基又
はエチル基を示し、R1,R2及びR3は互に同じで
あつても異なつていてもよい。)
CH3(OCH2CH2)nN(CH3)2BH3 …(B)
(但し、nは1〜4の整数である)
(但し、Rはメチル基又はエチル基を示す。)
上記の第3級アミンボランは、水及びニツケ
ル、コバルト、鉄イオン等によつて分解され難い
ため、全硫酸浴、全塩化物浴、ワツト浴、スルフ
アミン酸浴等の錯化剤を含まない単純塩浴に対し
て好適に使用し得る。これに対し、第1級アミン
ボランや第2級アミンボランは水、ニツケル、コ
バルト、鉄イオン等によつて若干分解されること
があるので、めつき浴のpHを上げたり、これら
のイオンを封鎖する錯化剤を添加することが好ま
しい。
なお、上述したアミンボラン化合物の添加量は
4g/以下、好ましくは1〜2g/、特に
0.5〜1g/である。
また、上記アミンボラン化合物を使用する場
合、特に第1級及び第2級アミンを使用する場
合、めつき液によるこれらアミンボラン化合物の
分解及びアノード表面におけるアミンボラン化合
物の分解を抑制する添加剤、例示すると2,2′−
チオジエタノール、3,3′−チオジプロピオニト
リル、2−メルカプトベンゾチアゾール、2−メ
ルカプト−1−メチルイミダゾール、3,3′−イ
ミノジプロピオニトリル、4−アミノベンゾニト
リル、カドミウム塩、水銀塩、鉛塩、タリウム
塩、1,1,3,3,−テトラメチルチオ尿素、
チオ尿素、ヨウ素酸塩、臭素酸塩等の1種又は2
種以上を通常0.1g/以下の濃度で添加するこ
とができる。
更に、上記アミンボラン化合物に加えて、
NaBH4、KBH4、ジボラン、テトラボラン、デ
カボラン化合物等を添加することができる。
また、本発明においては上述したアミンボラン
化合物に加えて第4級アンモニウム塩を添加する
ことができ、アミンボラン化合物と第4級アンモ
ニウム塩とを併用することにより、めつき被膜の
耐摩耗性を更に向上させることができる。
この場合、第4級アンモニウム塩としては、下
記D式で示されるピリジン骨格を有する第4級ア
ンモニウム塩並びにE式及びF式で示される化合
物が好適に用いられる。
但し、D式において、
R1は(1) 炭素数1〜18の鎖状アルキル基:
(2) 炭素数1〜18の環状アルキル基:
(3) 合計炭素数6〜18で、1個以上の芳香環を含
有する基;
(4)炭素数3〜15のヘテロ環を含有する基;
(5) 炭素数9〜18の芳香環及びヘテロ環を含有す
る基;
(6)ヒドロキシエチル基;
(7)ヒドロキシプロピル基;又は
(8) エチレンオキシド及び/又はプロピレンオキ
シドの重合物で重合度20までのものであり、
R2及びR3はそれぞれ
(1) 炭素数1〜4のアルキル基;
(2) カルボキシル基又はその水素原子が金属原子
で置換されたもの;
(3) −CONH2又はその誘導体;又は
(4) 水素原子
であるか(なお、R2とR3は互に同一であつても
異なつていてもよく、またオルト、メタ、パラ位
のいずれの位置関係にあつてもよい)、或いは
(5)R2とR3とで環を形成する
(例えばベンゼン環を形成することにりより、ピ
リジン環との間でキノリン、イソキノリン等の環
状体を形成する)ものであり、そして
X
はハロゲンイオン、NO- 3、SO2- 4、CH3
COO-等である。
但し、E及びF式において、
R1及びR2はそれぞれ炭素数1〜4のアルキル
基又はヒドロキシアルキル基であり(R1とR2は
互に同じでも異なつていてもよい)、
R3は炭素数1〜18の鎖状アルキル基、ヒドロ
キシアルキル基、環状アルキル基、炭素数6〜18
で芳香環を含有する基、炭素数3〜15でヘテロ環
を含有する基、又は炭素数9〜18で芳香環とヘテ
ロ環とを含有する基であり、
R4は−CH2COOH基、その水素原子を金属原
子で置換したもの、ヒドロキシエチル基、ヒドロ
キシプロピル基、エチレンオキシド及び/又はプ
ロピレンオキシドの重合物の重合度20までのも
の、又はベンジル基又はその誘導体であり、
R5は炭素数1〜10の直鎖又は分岐鎖のアルキ
レン基であり、そして
X
はハロゲンイオン、NO- 3、SO2- 4、CH3
COO-等である。
以下に本発明に明るい第4級アンモニウム塩の
代表例を示す。
INDUSTRIAL APPLICATION FIELD The present invention relates to a method of electroplating using an electric nickel plating solution or a nickel alloy plating solution containing an amine borane compound, a water-insoluble substance, and, if necessary, a quaternary ammonium salt. Conventional technology and its problems Conventionally, sliding parts of machinery, pistons and cylinders of automobiles, etc. have been coated with hard chrome plating or SiC.
Surface treatments such as composite nickel-phosphorus electroplating and electroless composite plating using eutectoid (silicon carbide) and α-BN (hexagonal boron nitride) have been applied. However, these methods have various problems, such as low plating speed for hard chrome plating, poor heat resistance and chemical resistance, and poor wear resistance when no lubricant is used. Not fully demonstrated. Furthermore, the chromic acid used for plating has problems from the viewpoint of pollution prevention. Further, the composite nickel-phosphorus electroplated plating film has poor flexibility and poor thermal stability, and furthermore, the plating speed is low. Furthermore, the electroless composite plating method has a very slow plating speed and uses a large amount of organic complexing agent as a component of the plating bath, so these components eutectoid in the plating film, which affects the physical properties of the plating. In addition to the problem of lowering the electroplating process, the electroless plating method also has the problem of being more expensive than the electroplating method. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In view of the above circumstances, the present inventors have conducted intensive research on a method for obtaining an electroplated film with excellent wear resistance etc. by a composite electric nickel or nickel alloy plating method, and have found that an amine borane compound or amine borane Adding the compound and the quaternary ammonium salt to a composite electric nickel plating solution or a nickel alloy plating solution containing a water-insoluble substance (composite material) dispersed therein,
When a plated object is electroplated using this plating liquid, the resulting plating film has excellent wear resistance, and depending on the type of composite material, it has lubricity, non-adhesion, and It has been found that properties such as mold releasability, water repellency, oil repellency, adhesion, oxidation resistance, heat resistance, corrosion resistance, and seizure resistance are imparted. That is, an electric composite plating film obtained using a composite nickel plating solution or a nickel alloy plating solution containing an amine borane compound and one or more water-insoluble substances selected from metals, water-insoluble inorganic and organic fine particles, and fibers. has better wear resistance than electroless composite nickel-boron alloy plating films using boron compounds such as dimethylamine borane as reducing agents, as well as conventional electrolytic composite plating films obtained from composite nickel and nickel alloy liquids. In particular, when an amine borane compound and a quaternary ammonium salt are used in combination and a plating solution containing these and a water-insoluble substance is used, the resulting matted coating has even better wear resistance. At the same time, the inventors discovered that the heat resistance was also significantly improved, leading to the present invention. Therefore, the present invention provides an amine borane compound and a metal,
It is characterized by electroplating the object to be plated using an electric nickel plating liquid or a nickel alloy plating liquid containing one or more water-insoluble substances selected from water-insoluble inorganic and organic fine particles and fibers. Electroplating method, and an electric nickel plating solution or nickel alloy plate containing an amine borane compound, a quaternary ammonium salt, and one or more water-insoluble substances selected from metals, water-insoluble inorganic and organic fine particles, and fibers. To provide an electroplating method characterized in that a plated object is electroplated using a coating solution. According to the method of the present invention, since an electroplating method is adopted, the plating speed is higher than that of the electroless plating method, and the internal stress of the plating film can be reduced, and the plating cost is also reduced. In addition to being inexpensive, it is also possible to use so-called simple salt baths that do not contain complexing agents, such as all-sulfate baths, all-chloride baths, Watts baths, and sulfamic acid baths, which eliminate problems in wastewater treatment. It can be reduced. The present invention will be explained in more detail below. Structure of the Invention The plating method according to the present invention is applied to an electric nickel plate containing an amine borane compound and, if necessary, a quaternary ammonium salt dispersed in one or more water-insoluble substances selected from metals, water-insoluble inorganic and organic fine particles, and fibers. The object to be plated is electroplated using a plating solution or a composite plating solution added to a nickel alloy plating solution. When using an electric nickel alloy plating solution, the metals or non-metals that form an alloy with nickel include cobalt, iron, tin, lead, copper, chromium,
Examples include zinc, bismuth, indium, tungsten, molybdenum, arsenic, antimony, phosphorus, etc., but cobalt, iron, tungsten, and phosphorus are preferable from the viewpoint of wear resistance. The content of these alloy components is not necessarily limited, but it is preferably contained in the plating film at 20% or less (weight %, same hereinafter), particularly 5% or less. In addition, electric nickel plating solutions and electric nickel alloy plating solutions include all-sulfuric acid baths, all-chloride baths,
A Watts bath, a sulfamic acid bath, a complexing bath with an inorganic or organic compound, a hofusing bath, etc. are used. The pH of these plating solutions and plating conditions are as follows:
It is selected depending on the type of plating solution used, for example, the pH is about 1 to 14, especially about 2 to 13, the plating temperature is about 10 to 90℃, especially about 35 to 60℃, and the cathode current density (Dk) is about 0.01~100A/ dm2 , especially about 0.1~
It can be 10A/ dm2 . In addition, liquid stirring can be performed if necessary, and in this case, methods such as air stirring, cathode locking, liquid circulation using a pump, and liquid stirring using a propeller type stirrer can be employed. In addition, high-speed plating can be performed by increasing the salt concentration in the plating solution, raising the plating temperature, and using strong stirring. By appropriately selecting the salt concentration in the plating solution and the plating conditions, various plating methods such as parallel plating and vibration plating can be adopted. Typical electric nickel plating solutions that can be used in the present invention An example is shown below. 1 NiSO 4・6H 2 O 280g/ NiCl 2・6H 2 O 45〃 H 3 BO 3 40〃 H 3 BO 3 40〃 pH 5.0 Temperature 55℃ Dk 5A/dm 2 2 NiSO 4・6H 2 O 280g/ H 3 BO 3 40〃 pH 5.0 Temperature 55℃ Dk 4A/dm 2 3 NiSO 4・6H 2 O 60g/ Ethylenediamine 120〃 NaOH 80〃 pH 12.5 Temperature 55℃ Dk 3A/dm 2 4 NiSO 4・6H 2 O 80g/ Citric acid Sodium 40〃 Lactic acid 20〃 pH 7.0 Temperature 40℃ Dk 3A/dm 2 5 NiSO 4・6H 2 O 60g/ NiCl 2・6H 2 O 20〃 Potassium pyrophosphate 150〃 pH 10.0 Temperature 60℃ Dk 3A/dm 2 6 NiSO 4・7H 2 O 250g/ NiCl 2・6H 2 O 40〃 (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 100〃 pH (adjusted with ammonia) 8.5 Temperature 50℃ Dk 4A/dm 2 7 Ni (BF 4 ) 2 220g/H 3 BO 3 30〃 pH 3.0~4.5 Temperature 50~60℃ Dk 7A/dm 2 8 Nickel sulfamate 300g/ NiCl 2・6H 2 O 10〃 H 3 BO 3 30〃 pH 3.5~4.5 Temperature 30~60℃ Dk 2~ 25A/dm 2 9 Nickel sulfamate 450g/ H 3 BO 3 30〃 pH 3~5 Temperature 40~60℃ Dk 2~3A/dm 2 10 NiSO 4・6H 2 O 80~150g/ NiCl 2・6H 2 O 40 ~110〃 Ferrous sulfate 5~20〃 H 3 BO 3 40~50〃 pH 2.8~3.5 Temperature 55~65℃ Dk 2~8A/dm 2 In addition, in the case of alloy plating, the above liquid is necessary for alloying. Add appropriate salts. In the present invention, an amine borane compound is added to the above-mentioned electric nickel plating solution or nickel alloy plating solution. In this case, examples of the amine borane compound include trimethylamine borane, morpholine borane, and N-methylmorpholine borane. , morpholine diethylborane, tert-butylamine borane, dimethylamine borane, diethylamine borane, pyridine borane,
Picoline borane, dimethylpropylamine borane, aniline borane, dimethylamine dimethyl borane, triethylamine borane, dimethyldodecylamine borane, pyridine borane, piperazine borane, 2-methoxyethyldimethylamine borane, diisopropylamine borane, etc.
These can be used alone or in combination of two or more. Among these, especially the following A and B
A borane adduct of a tertiary amine represented by the formula and C is preferably used. (However, R 1 , R 2 and R 3 each represent a methyl group or an ethyl group, and R 1 , R 2 and R 3 may be the same or different.) CH 3 (OCH 2 CH2 )nN( CH3 ) 2BH3 ... (B) (However, n is an integer from 1 to 4) (However, R represents a methyl group or an ethyl group.) The above-mentioned tertiary amine borane is difficult to decompose with water and nickel, cobalt, iron ions, etc.; It can be suitably used for simple salt baths that do not contain complexing agents, such as sulfamic acid baths. On the other hand, primary amine borane and secondary amine borane may be slightly decomposed by water, nickel, cobalt, iron ions, etc., so raise the pH of the plating bath or sequester these ions. Preferably, a complexing agent is added. The amount of the above-mentioned amine borane compound added is 4 g/or less, preferably 1 to 2 g/, especially
It is 0.5-1 g/. In addition, when using the above-mentioned amine borane compounds, especially when using primary and secondary amines, additives that suppress the decomposition of these amine borane compounds by the plating solution and the decomposition of the amine borane compounds on the anode surface, for example, 2 ,2′−
Thiodiethanol, 3,3'-thiodipropionitrile, 2-mercaptobenzothiazole, 2-mercapto-1-methylimidazole, 3,3'-iminodipropionitrile, 4-aminobenzonitrile, cadmium salt, mercury salt, Lead salt, thallium salt, 1,1,3,3,-tetramethylthiourea,
One or two of thiourea, iodate, bromate, etc.
Seeds or more can be added, usually at a concentration of 0.1 g/or less. Furthermore, in addition to the above amine borane compound,
NaBH 4 , KBH 4 , diborane, tetraborane, decaborane compounds, etc. can be added. Furthermore, in the present invention, a quaternary ammonium salt can be added in addition to the above-mentioned amine borane compound, and by using the amine borane compound and the quaternary ammonium salt together, the wear resistance of the plating film can be further improved. can be done. In this case, as the quaternary ammonium salt, a quaternary ammonium salt having a pyridine skeleton represented by the following formula D, and compounds represented by formulas E and F are preferably used. However, in formula D, R 1 is (1) a chain alkyl group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms: (2) a cyclic alkyl group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms: (3) one or more with a total number of 6 to 18 carbon atoms. a group containing an aromatic ring; (4) a group containing a heterocycle having 3 to 15 carbon atoms; (5) a group containing an aromatic ring and a heterocycle having 9 to 18 carbon atoms; (6) a hydroxyethyl group; (7) Hydroxypropyl group; or (8) A polymer of ethylene oxide and/or propylene oxide with a degree of polymerization of up to 20, and R 2 and R 3 are each (1) an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms; ( 2) A carboxyl group or its hydrogen atom substituted with a metal atom; (3) -CONH 2 or a derivative thereof; or (4) a hydrogen atom (note that R 2 and R 3 are the same) or (5) R 2 and R 3 may form a ring (for example, form a benzene ring). In particular, it forms a cyclic body such as quinoline, isoquinoline, etc. with the pyridine ring), and X is a halogen ion, NO - 3 , SO 2- 4 , CH 3
COO -etc . However, in formulas E and F, R 1 and R 2 are each an alkyl group or a hydroxyalkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms (R 1 and R 2 may be the same or different), and R 3 is a chain alkyl group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, a hydroxyalkyl group, a cyclic alkyl group, and a cyclic alkyl group having 6 to 18 carbon atoms.
is a group containing an aromatic ring, a group containing 3 to 15 carbon atoms and a heterocycle, or a group containing 9 to 18 carbon atoms and an aromatic ring and a heterocycle, R 4 is a -CH 2 COOH group, The hydrogen atom is replaced with a metal atom, a hydroxyethyl group, a hydroxypropyl group, a polymer of ethylene oxide and/or propylene oxide with a polymerization degree of up to 20, or a benzyl group or a derivative thereof, and R 5 is the number of carbon atoms. 1 to 10 linear or branched alkylene groups, and X is a halogen ion, NO - 3 , SO2-4 , CH3
COO -etc . Representative examples of quaternary ammonium salts suitable for the present invention are shown below.
【式】【formula】
【式】【formula】
【式】【formula】
【式】【formula】
【式】【formula】
【式】【formula】
【式】【formula】
【式】【formula】
(但し、nは約10) (However, n is approximately 10)
ASTMD−2714−68に記載の6.35mmの試験用固
定ブロツクを被めつき物として用いた。これを脱
脂、水洗、酸洗、水洗した後、下記組成のめつき
液及びめつき条件で電気ニツケルめつきを行なつ
た。
めつき液組成
NiSO4・6H2O 280g/
NiCl2・6H2O 20〃
H3BO3 40〃
SiC 50〃
N−ベンジルニコチン酸塩化物 0.3〃
ジメチルアミンボラン 0.5〃
pH 5.0
めつき条件
陰極電流密度 3A/dm2
めつき温度 45℃
攪拌 ポンプによる液循環
陽極 ニツケル
めつき膜厚 25μm
〔実施例 2〕
SiCの代りにα−BNを40g/加え、ジメチ
ルアミンボランの代わりにトリメチルアミンボラ
ンを使用した以外は実施例1と同様にして被めつ
き物に電気めつきを行なつた。
〔実施例 3〕
SiCの代りにポリテトラフルオロエチレン100
g/と新らたにドデシルトリメチルアナモニウ
ムクロリド0.5g/とを添加して以外は実施例
1と同様にして被めつき物に電気めつきを行なつ
た。
〔実施例 4〕
N−ベンジルニコチン酸塩化物を添加しない以
外は実施例3と同様にして被めつき物に電気めつ
きを行なつた。
〔比較例 1〕
下記組成のめつき液及びめつき条件で実施例と
同様の固定ブロツクを被めつき物として電気ニツ
ケルめつきを行なつた。
めつき液組成
NiSO4・6H2O 280g/
NiCl2・6H2O 20〃
H3BO3 40〃
サツカリンナトリウム 2〃
プチンジオール 0.2〃
pH 5.0
めつき条件
陰極電流密度 3A/dm2
めつき温度 45℃
攪拌 空気
陽極 ニツケル
めつき膜厚 25μm
〔比較例 2〕
SiCを添加しない以外は実施例1と同様にして
被めつき物を電気めつきを行なつた。〔比較例
3〕
比較例1のめつき液にSiCを50g/を添加
し、空気攪拌の代りにポンプによる液循環を行な
つた以外は比較例1と同様にして被めつき物に電
気めつきを行なつた。
〔比較例 4〕
比較例1のめつき液にα−BNを400g/添
加し、空気攪拌の代りにポンプによる液循環を行
なつた以外は比較例1と同様にして被めつき物に
電気めつきを行なつた。
〔比較例 5〕
比較例1のめつき液にポリテトラフルオロエチ
レン100g/とドデシルトリメチルアンモニウ
ムクロリド0.5g/を添加し、空気攪拌の代り
にポンプによる液循環を行なつた以外は比較例1
と同様にして被めつき物に電気めつきを行なつ
た。
〔比較例 6〕
下記組成のめつき液及びめつき条件で固定ブロ
ツクを被めつき物として無電解ニツケルめつきを
行なつた。
めつき液組成
NiCl2・6H2O 25g/
酢酸ナトリウム 21〃
ジメチルアミンボラン 1〃
pH 5.0
めつき条件
めつき温度 70℃
攪拌 スターラー
めつき膜厚 25μm
〔比較例 7〕
比較例6のめつき液にSiCを50g/添加した
以外は比較例6と同様にして被めつき物に無電解
めつきを行なつた。
〔比較例 8〕
比較例6のめつき液にα−BNを40g/添加
した以外は比較例6と同様にして被めつき物に無
電解めつきを行なつた。
〔比較例 9〕
比較例6のめつき液にポリテトラフルオロエチ
レン100g/とドデシルトリメチルアンモニウ
ムクロリド0.5g/とを添加した以外は比較例
6と同様にして被めつき物に無電解めつきを行な
つた。
〔比較例 10〕
実施例1のめつき液からジメチルアミンボラン
を除いためつき液を使用し、実施例1と同様にし
て被めつき物に電気めつきを行なつた。
〔比較例 11〕
実施例2のめつき液からトリメチルアミンボラ
ンを除いためつき液を使用し、実施例2と同様に
して被めつき物に電気めつきを行なつた。
〔比較例 12〕
実施例3のめつき液からジメチルアミンボラン
を除いためつき液を使用し、実施例3と同様にし
て被めつき物に電気めつきを行なつた。
〔比較例 13〕
実施例4のめつき液からジメチルアミンボラン
を除いためつき液を使用し、実施例4と同様にし
て被めつき物に電気めつきを行なつた。
〔実施例 5〕
比較例3のめつき液にジメチルアミンボラン
0.5g/を添加した以外は比較例3と同様にし
て電気めつきを行なつた。
次に、上記めつき液から得られた被めつき物の
めつき被膜の耐摩耗性を下記方法によつて評価し
た。その結果を第1表に示す。
摩耗量測定法
ダウコーニング(Dow Corning)社製LFW−
1型試験機を用いてASTMD−2714−68に従い、
上記めつきサンプルに13.6Kgの荷重をかけ、約25
℃の大気中で相手材をRc27−33鋼として潤滑剤
を使用せずに72回転/分の速度で5000回転試験を
行なつた。摩耗量は秤量により測定し、mg/Kg・
mmで表示した。
A 6.35 mm test fixture block as described in ASTM D-2714-68 was used as the overlay. After degreasing, washing with water, pickling, and washing with water, electric nickel plating was performed using a plating solution having the following composition and plating conditions. Plating solution composition NiSO 4・6H 2 O 280g/ NiCl 2・6H 2 O 20〃 H 3 BO 3 40〃 SiC 50〃 N-benzyl nicotinic acid chloride 0.3〃 Dimethylamine borane 0.5〃 pH 5.0 Plating conditions Cathode current Density 3A/dm 2Plating temperature 45℃ Stirring Liquid circulation by pump Anode Nickel Plating film thickness 25μm [Example 2] 40g/α-BN was added instead of SiC, and trimethylamineborane was used instead of dimethylamineborane. Electroplating was carried out on the plated object in the same manner as in Example 1 except for this. [Example 3] Polytetrafluoroethylene 100 instead of SiC
Electroplating was carried out on the plated article in the same manner as in Example 1, except that 0.5 g/g of dodecyltrimethylanamonium chloride was newly added. [Example 4] Electroplating was carried out on a plated article in the same manner as in Example 3 except that N-benzylnicotinate acid chloride was not added. [Comparative Example 1] Electric nickel plating was carried out using a fixing block similar to that of the example as a plating object using a plating solution having the following composition and plating conditions. Plating liquid composition NiSO 4・6H 2 O 280g/ NiCl 2・6H 2 O 20〃 H 3 BO 3 40〃 Satucalin sodium 2〃 Butinediol 0.2〃 pH 5.0 Plating conditions Cathode current density 3A/dm 2 Plating temperature 45°C Stirring Air Anode Nickel Plated film thickness 25 μm [Comparative Example 2] A plated object was electroplated in the same manner as in Example 1 except that SiC was not added. [Comparative example
3] Electroplating was performed on the plated object in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1, except that 50 g of SiC was added to the plating solution in Comparative Example 1, and the solution was circulated by a pump instead of air stirring. Summer. [Comparative Example 4] The plated object was heated in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1, except that 400 g of α-BN was added to the plating solution in Comparative Example 1, and the liquid was circulated by a pump instead of air stirring. I performed a ceremonial ceremony. [Comparative Example 5] Comparative Example 1 except that 100 g of polytetrafluoroethylene and 0.5 g of dodecyltrimethylammonium chloride were added to the plating solution of Comparative Example 1, and the liquid was circulated by a pump instead of air stirring.
Electroplating was carried out on the coated material in the same manner as above. [Comparative Example 6] Electroless nickel plating was performed using a fixed block as a plating object using a plating solution having the following composition and plating conditions. Plating liquid composition NiCl 2・6H 2 O 25g / Sodium acetate 21〃 Dimethylamine borane 1〃 pH 5.0 Plating conditions Plating temperature 70℃ Stirring Stirrer Plating film thickness 25μm [Comparative example 7] Plating solution of comparative example 6 Electroless plating was carried out on the plated object in the same manner as in Comparative Example 6, except that 50 g/SiC was added. [Comparative Example 8] Electroless plating was carried out on a plated object in the same manner as in Comparative Example 6 except that 40 g of α-BN was added to the plating solution of Comparative Example 6. [Comparative Example 9] Electroless plating was carried out on a plated object in the same manner as in Comparative Example 6 except that 100 g of polytetrafluoroethylene and 0.5 g of dodecyltrimethylammonium chloride were added to the plating solution of Comparative Example 6. I did it. [Comparative Example 10] A plated object was electroplated in the same manner as in Example 1 using a plating solution obtained by removing dimethylamine borane from the plating solution in Example 1. [Comparative Example 11] A plated object was electroplated in the same manner as in Example 2 using a plating solution obtained by removing trimethylamine borane from the plating solution in Example 2. [Comparative Example 12] A plated object was electroplated in the same manner as in Example 3 using a plating solution obtained by removing dimethylamine borane from the plating solution in Example 3. [Comparative Example 13] A plated object was electroplated in the same manner as in Example 4 using a plating solution obtained by removing dimethylamine borane from the plating solution in Example 4. [Example 5] Dimethylamine borane was added to the plating solution of Comparative Example 3.
Electroplating was carried out in the same manner as in Comparative Example 3 except that 0.5 g/g was added. Next, the abrasion resistance of the plating film of the plated object obtained from the above plating solution was evaluated by the following method. The results are shown in Table 1. Wear amount measurement method Dow Corning LFW−
According to ASTMD-2714-68 using Type 1 testing machine,
Applying a load of 13.6 kg to the above plated sample, approximately 25 kg
A 5000 revolutions test was carried out at a speed of 72 revolutions/minute without using lubricant, using Rc27-33 steel as the mating material in the atmosphere at ℃. Wear amount is measured by weighing, mg/Kg・
Expressed in mm.
【表】
第1表の結果より、本発明方法によるめつき被
膜は耐摩耗性が優れていることが知見される。[Table] From the results in Table 1, it is found that the plated coating produced by the method of the present invention has excellent wear resistance.
Claims (1)
び有機微粒子並びに繊維から選ばれる1種以上の
水不溶性物質とを含有する電気ニツケルめつき液
又はニツケル合金めつき液を用いて被めつき物を
電気めつきすることを特徴とする電気めつき方
法。 2 アミンボラン化合物と、第4級アンモニウム
塩と、金属、水不溶性無機及び有機微粒子並びに
繊維から選ばれる1種以上の水不溶性物質とを含
有する電気ニツケルめつき液又はニツケル合金め
つき液を用いて被めつき物を電気めつきすること
を特徴とする電気めつき方法。[Scope of Claims] 1. Covering using an electric nickel plating solution or a nickel alloy plating solution containing an amine borane compound and one or more water-insoluble substances selected from metals, water-insoluble inorganic and organic fine particles, and fibers. An electroplating method characterized by electroplating attached objects. 2. Using an electric nickel plating solution or a nickel alloy plating solution containing an amine borane compound, a quaternary ammonium salt, and one or more water-insoluble substances selected from metals, water-insoluble inorganic and organic fine particles, and fibers. An electroplating method characterized by electroplating the object to be plated.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP6100485A JPS61221394A (en) | 1985-03-27 | 1985-03-27 | Electroplating method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP6100485A JPS61221394A (en) | 1985-03-27 | 1985-03-27 | Electroplating method |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPS61221394A JPS61221394A (en) | 1986-10-01 |
JPH0445600B2 true JPH0445600B2 (en) | 1992-07-27 |
Family
ID=13158767
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP6100485A Granted JPS61221394A (en) | 1985-03-27 | 1985-03-27 | Electroplating method |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JPS61221394A (en) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2004040044A1 (en) * | 2002-11-01 | 2004-05-13 | Shinshu University | Metal plating structure and method for production thereof |
CN108642532A (en) * | 2018-05-31 | 2018-10-12 | 中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所 | The preparation method and application of scandium additive use and nanometer crystalline Ni-B-Sc coating |
CN109996907A (en) * | 2016-11-25 | 2019-07-09 | 日本高纯度化学株式会社 | Electrolytic nickel (alloy) plating liquid |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CA2254362C (en) * | 1998-02-20 | 2004-06-01 | John Fakler | Composition and method for reducing copper oxide to metallic copper |
JP4599565B2 (en) * | 2006-10-23 | 2010-12-15 | 国立大学法人信州大学 | Electrolytic plating method and electrolytic plating solution |
CN107164790A (en) * | 2017-06-01 | 2017-09-15 | 广东贝贝机器人有限公司 | A kind of anti-clogging processing method of dispensing needle head |
-
1985
- 1985-03-27 JP JP6100485A patent/JPS61221394A/en active Granted
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2004040044A1 (en) * | 2002-11-01 | 2004-05-13 | Shinshu University | Metal plating structure and method for production thereof |
CN109996907A (en) * | 2016-11-25 | 2019-07-09 | 日本高纯度化学株式会社 | Electrolytic nickel (alloy) plating liquid |
CN109996907B (en) * | 2016-11-25 | 2022-01-11 | 日本高纯度化学株式会社 | Electrolytic nickel (alloy) plating solution |
CN108642532A (en) * | 2018-05-31 | 2018-10-12 | 中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所 | The preparation method and application of scandium additive use and nanometer crystalline Ni-B-Sc coating |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPS61221394A (en) | 1986-10-01 |
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