JPH0437897B2 - - Google Patents

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 （産業上の利用分野） 本発明は建造物の構築工法にかかり、詳しくは
地表面近くで各階層を構成する柱や梁、床、外壁
等の構造物を最上層の部分から組み上げ、これを
逐次ジヤツキアツプするようにした建築物、鉄
塔、橋脚等の構築工法に関する。[Detailed Description of the Invention] (Industrial Application Field) The present invention relates to a method of constructing a building, and more specifically, the present invention relates to a method of constructing a building, and more specifically, the construction of structures such as columns, beams, floors, external walls, etc. that make up each floor near the ground surface. This relates to construction methods for buildings, steel towers, bridge piers, etc., which are assembled from the above parts and then jacked up sequentially.

（従来技術およびその問題点） 近年、建設業においてロボツト等を用いた施工
の自動化が推進されているが、これらは全工程の
極く一部に応用されているにすぎず、ロボツト化
のメリツトを十分に亨受するには未だ到つていな
いのが現状である。これは、ロボツト化の努力が
不足しているために生じた現象ではなく、建設業
における作業環境の特異性、すなわち作業場が上
下左右または前後に逐次、移動するという特殊な
事情に起因するものと考えられる。例えばビル建
築を例にとると、いわゆるSRC構造の場合、骨
組みを下層階から組立てて順次上層階に移つて行
くためクレーン作業との連繋が必要となり、この
クレーン作業の時点で連続的なシステムの流れが
途切れてしまうこととなる。(Prior art and its problems) In recent years, the automation of construction work using robots, etc. has been promoted in the construction industry, but these are only applied to a small part of the entire process, and the merits of robotization are unclear. The current situation is that we have not yet reached the point where it is fully accepted. This phenomenon is not due to a lack of efforts in robotization, but is due to the uniqueness of the working environment in the construction industry, in which the workplace moves up and down, left and right, or forward and backward. Conceivable. For example, in the case of building construction, in the case of a so-called SRC structure, the frame is assembled from the lower floors and moved to the upper floors one after another, which requires coordination with crane work, and at the time of this crane work, a continuous system is established. The flow will be interrupted.

また、この他にまず柱を建ててその上端部付近
にジヤツキを据付けると共に、地上で組上げた屋
根または床梁をクレーンにより吊上げて建造物を
構築する工法が提案されているが、この方法では
多層階の建造物には応用しにくいという欠点があ
つた。 In addition, another method has been proposed in which a building is constructed by first building pillars and installing jacks near their upper ends, and then hoisting the roof or floor beams assembled on the ground using a crane, but this method does not work. The drawback was that it was difficult to apply to multi-story buildings.

更に、従来においては概して大型のクレーンや
支保工を必要とし、しかも高い足場での作業が不
可欠であり、設備の経済性や作業の安全性の点で
問題があつた。 Furthermore, in the past, large cranes and shoring were generally required, and work on high scaffolding was indispensable, which caused problems in terms of the economic efficiency of the equipment and the safety of the work.

（発明の目的） 本発明は上記の欠点を解消するべく提案された
もので、その目的とするところは、各階層を構成
する柱や梁、床（屋根）等の構造体を地表面近く
の作業空間で最上階の部分から組上げ、この構造
体をジヤツキアツプして順次、下層階の構築へと
移行していくことにより、大型のクレーンや高い
足場、あるいは支保工等を必要とせず、経済性や
安全性に優れ、かつ構築作業のロボツト化をも可
能ならしめた建造物の構築工法を提供することに
ある。(Object of the Invention) The present invention was proposed to solve the above-mentioned drawbacks, and its purpose is to remove structures such as columns, beams, floors (roofs), etc. that make up each floor near the ground surface. By assembling the structure from the top floor in the work space, jacking up this structure, and gradually moving on to constructing the lower floors, there is no need for large cranes, high scaffolding, or shoring, making it economical. The object of the present invention is to provide a construction method for buildings that is superior in terms of construction and safety, and also enables robotization of construction work.

（発明の構成） 以下、図に沿つて本発明を説明する。まず、第
１図は本発明における組立用架台の一実施例を示
すもので、図において１は基礎工の上に形成され
た最下層の床であり、この床１の上には鋼製等か
つ中空状の架台柱２が構築される。この架台柱２
は、四隅に縦材２ａがそれぞれ立設され、正面を
除く周囲三方には第１図ロに示す如く水平材２ｂ
および斜材２ｃが配設されて縦材２ａが相互に連
結され、また架台柱２の正面においては、縦材２
ａ間に複数の平板２ｄがボルト、ナツトによつて
着脱自在に取付けられる。ここで、架台柱２の内
部空間はジヤツキ３、スペーサ４および柱部材５
を収容し得るような大きさに設定され、これらの
部材の出し入れや後述する支持ナツト１４の操作
は、平板２ｄを適宜取外すことにより行なわれる
ものである。(Structure of the Invention) The present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. First, FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the assembly frame according to the present invention. In the figure, 1 is the lowest floor formed on the foundation work. In addition, a hollow pedestal column 2 is constructed. This pedestal pillar 2
Vertical members 2a are erected at each of the four corners, and horizontal members 2b are installed on three sides of the periphery, excluding the front, as shown in Figure 1B.
and diagonal members 2c are arranged to connect the vertical members 2a to each other, and in front of the pedestal column 2, the vertical members 2c are arranged.
A plurality of flat plates 2d are removably attached between the spaces a with bolts and nuts. Here, the internal space of the frame column 2 includes a jack 3, a spacer 4, and a column member 5.
The size is set such that it can accommodate these members, and the insertion and removal of these members and the operation of the support nut 14, which will be described later, are performed by appropriately removing the flat plate 2d.

また、架台柱２の正面両側に配設された２本の
縦材２ａには、必要に応じて補剛材２ｅが着脱自
在に沿設され、架台柱２の強度の向上が図れるよ
うになつている。更に、架台柱２の内面には、ジ
ヤツキアツプ時に柱部材５に偏心が生じないよう
にするため、第１図ハに示される柱部材５に取付
けられた支持金物７およびガイド金物８との遊間
を補正するべくガイドレール２ｆが必要箇所に付
けられると共に、架台柱２の上端部には、第１図
ホに示すようにジヤツキアツプ時に仮受反力を支
持するため仮受支持板９が取付けられる。 Additionally, stiffeners 2e are removably installed along the two vertical members 2a arranged on both sides of the front of the pedestal column 2, as needed, so that the strength of the pedestal column 2 can be improved. ing. Furthermore, in order to prevent eccentricity of the column member 5 during jacking up, the inner surface of the pedestal column 2 is provided with a clearance between the supporting metal fitting 7 and the guide metal fitting 8 attached to the column member 5 shown in FIG. Guide rails 2f are attached to necessary locations for correction, and a temporary support plate 9 is attached to the upper end of the pedestal column 2 to support the temporary reaction force during jacking up, as shown in FIG. 1E.

ここで、支持金物７およびガイド金物８は、前
述した柱部材５の偏心規制と同時に、施工時に受
ける横荷重に対して組立架台と一体の構造となつ
て抵抗できるような構造体とし、第１図ハおよび
後述の第２図に示す如く、柱部材５の側面または
必要に応じて底面に取付ボルト１０によつて着脱
自在に取付けられるものである。そして、支持金
物７およびガイド金物８双方のガイドレール２ｆ
との接触面には、ジヤツキアツプ時の各部材間に
生じる摩擦抵抗を軽減するため、例えばテフロン
等の減摩材１１が貼付される。 Here, the support hardware 7 and the guide hardware 8 are structured so that they can resist the eccentricity of the column member 5 as described above and are integrated with the assembly frame to resist the lateral load received during construction. As shown in FIG. C and FIG. 2, which will be described later, it is removably attached to the side surface of the column member 5 or, if necessary, to the bottom surface with a mounting bolt 10. Then, the guide rails 2f of both the support hardware 7 and the guide hardware 8
An anti-friction material 11 such as Teflon, for example, is pasted on the contact surface between the two members in order to reduce the frictional resistance generated between each member during jacking.

なお、第１図において、１２はアンカーボル
ト、１３は架台柱２に沿つて該架台柱２に設けら
れたワイヤー状の仮受スピンドル、１４は支持ナ
ツト、１５は仮受ナツト、１６は架台梁をそれぞ
れ示している。 In FIG. 1, 12 is an anchor bolt, 13 is a wire-shaped temporary support spindle provided along the pedestal column 2, 14 is a support nut, 15 is a temporary support nut, and 16 is a pedestal beam. are shown respectively.

次に、本発明の各工程を第２図に基ずいて詳述
する。まず第２図イに示すように建造物の基礎工
と最下層の床１が構築された後、架台柱２と架台
梁１６とからなる組立用架台をアンカーボルト１
２を用いて床１に取付ける。この際、組立用架台
は完成後に当該階層の構造体として用いると便利
であり、本実施例では、架台柱２は第１階用の柱
部を兼用している。なお、完成に至るまでジヤツ
キアツプ時に建造物の重量を随時仮受けする必要
があることを考慮して、完成時の建物の全重量を
完全に支持し、かつ地震や風圧等による横荷重に
対しても十分安全であるような構造にする必要が
ある。 Next, each step of the present invention will be explained in detail based on FIG. First, as shown in FIG.
2 to attach it to floor 1. At this time, it is convenient to use the assembly pedestal as a structure for the relevant floor after completion, and in this embodiment, the trestle column 2 also serves as a column for the first floor. In addition, considering that it is necessary to temporarily support the weight of the building during jacking up until completion, it is necessary to fully support the entire weight of the building at the time of completion and to withstand lateral loads due to earthquakes, wind pressure, etc. The structure must also be sufficiently safe.

次いで、架台柱２の内空部に、油圧によつて上
下するジヤツキ３を据付け、その頂部に必要に応
じてスペーサ４を取付ける。更に、スペーサ４の
上面に建造物の最上階の柱となる柱部材５を載
せ、この柱部材５に梁部材１８および屋根部材１
９を連結し、ボルト２０，２１と接着剤とによつ
てそれぞれ互いに緊結する。 Next, a jack 3 that moves up and down by hydraulic pressure is installed in the inner space of the frame column 2, and a spacer 4 is attached to the top of the jack 3 as required. Furthermore, a column member 5 that will become a column for the top floor of the building is placed on the top surface of the spacer 4, and a beam member 18 and a roof member 1 are placed on this column member 5.
9 and are fastened to each other by bolts 20, 21 and adhesive.

こうして緊結を終了した後、第２図ロに示すよ
うにジヤツキ３を加圧伸長させ、組上げた建造物
の最上階の構造体を全体的に押上げる。その後、
ジヤツキ３の伸長終了に伴つて仮受ナツト１５を
締め付け支持ナツト１４および仮受スピンドル１
３により仮受支持板９を介して建造体を吊下す
る。このようにして、組立用架台にて建造物の重
量を支持する。しかる後、ジヤツキ３を縮退させ
てスペーサ４を外し、第２図ハに示す如くジヤツ
キ３の上面と押上げが終了した柱部材５の下面と
の間に次位の柱部材５Ａを挿入すると共に、ボル
ト２０および接着剤にて既施工部分と連結する。 After completing the tightening in this manner, the jack 3 is pressurized and expanded as shown in FIG. 2B, and the entire top floor structure of the assembled building is pushed up. after that,
As the jack 3 finishes extending, the temporary support nut 15 is tightened, and the support nut 14 and the temporary support spindle 1 are tightened.
3, the building is suspended via the temporary support plate 9. In this way, the weight of the building is supported by the assembly frame. Thereafter, the jack 3 is retracted, the spacer 4 is removed, and the next column member 5A is inserted between the upper surface of the jack 3 and the lower surface of the column member 5 that has been pushed up, as shown in FIG. , and connect it to the already constructed part using bolts 20 and adhesive.

次に、第２図ハの状態において、建造物の重量
をジヤツキ３にて支持できる状態とした後、取付
ボルト１０によつて取付けてある支持金物７およ
びガイド金物８を取外し、同時に仮受ナツト１５
および支持ナツト１４を緩めて仮受スピンドル１
３を上下動可能な状態とする。こうして取外した
支持金物７およびガイド金物８を新たに継足した
柱部材５Ａの側面に取付ボルト１０によつて取付
け、仮受ナツト１５、支持ナツト１４および仮受
スピンドル１３等も同時に取付ける。この際、次
の工程の作業に支障がないように、仮受支持板９
から上方への仮受スピンドル１３の突出長を調節
する必要があり、この作業は仮受ナツト１５およ
び支持ナツト１４を緩めて仮受スピンドル１３の
位置を変えることで行なわれる。 Next, in the state shown in FIG. 15
Loosen the support nut 14 and attach the temporary support spindle 1.
3 can be moved up and down. The support hardware 7 and guide hardware 8 thus removed are attached to the side surface of the newly added column member 5A with the mounting bolts 10, and the temporary support nut 15, support nut 14, temporary support spindle 13, etc. are also attached at the same time. At this time, make sure that the temporary support plate 9
It is necessary to adjust the length of the upward projection of the temporary support spindle 13, and this work is performed by loosening the temporary support nut 15 and the support nut 14 and changing the position of the temporary support spindle 13.

次いで、仮受ナツト１５を締め付けながらジヤ
ツキ３を伸長していき、第２図ニの如くジヤツキ
３が上死点に達した状態で仮受ナツト１５により
仮受支持板９を介し組立用架台にて仮受けする。
その後ジヤツキ３を縮退させて第２図ホのように
スペーサ４を挿入し、以後前述したと同様の工程
を第２図ヘ〜チの順で繰り返す。なお、第２図
ト，チにおいて５ｂは柱部材を示している。 Next, the jack 3 is extended while tightening the temporary support nut 15, and when the jack 3 reaches the top dead center as shown in FIG. I will accept it temporarily.
Thereafter, the jack 3 is retracted and the spacer 4 is inserted as shown in FIG. 2E, and the same steps as described above are repeated in the order of FIG. In addition, in FIGS. 2G and 2H, 5b indicates a column member.

このようにして、第２図リの如く最上段の次位
の階層の梁部材１８Ａを架台梁１６の上で組立て
られるようになつた時点で、縦部材２２、梁部材
１８Ａおよび床部材２３をそれぞれボルト２４と
接着剤とによつて緊結し、この階層の組立を終了
する。以後は、ジヤツキ３を再び伸長して第２図
ヌの状態、つまり各階層の組立工程における第２
図ロまたは第２図ヘの状態となり、これらの工程
の繰り返しによつて建造物の最上階から順次各階
層を仕上げながらジヤツキアツプを行なつてい
き、最後に架台柱２や架台梁１６等からなる組立
用架台を最下層階の柱や梁の鉄骨として利用し、
これらにコンクリートを打設して建造物を完成さ
せるものである。 In this way, when the beam member 18A of the next highest level can be assembled on the frame beam 16 as shown in FIG. They are each tightened with bolts 24 and adhesive to complete the assembly of this layer. After that, extend the jack 3 again to get to the state shown in Figure 2, that is, the second step in the assembly process of each floor.
The state shown in Figure 2 or Figure 2 is reached, and by repeating these steps, each floor of the building is finished in sequence from the top floor and jacked up, and finally the trestle columns 2, trestle beams 16, etc. are assembled. Use the assembly frame as the steel frame for the columns and beams on the lowest floor,
The building will be completed by pouring concrete into these areas.

なお、この実施例においては本発明を建築構造
物に応用した場合を示しているが、本発明はこの
他にも鉄塔、煙突、橋脚等の鋼製またはコンクリ
ート製の建造物の構築に広く応用することができ
るものである。 Although this embodiment shows the case where the present invention is applied to a building structure, the present invention can also be widely applied to the construction of steel or concrete structures such as steel towers, chimneys, and bridge piers. It is something that can be done.

（発明の効果） 以上のように本発明によれば、最下層の床の上
に立設された第１階用の柱部を兼用する中空状の
架台柱の内部空間にジヤツキを据付けると共に、
その上面に最上階の柱となる柱部材を配設し、こ
の柱部材に梁部材、屋根部材または床部材等を緊
結して一階層分の構造体を形成する工程と、この
構造体をジヤツキアツプした後、前記架台柱に沿
つて該架台柱に設けたワイヤー状の仮受部材によ
り構造体を吊下して仮受けする工程と、次に前記
ジヤツキを縮退させて前記押し上げが終了した柱
部材の下面とジヤツキ上面との間に次位の柱部材
を挿入する工程と、前記ワイヤー状の仮受部材を
緩めて上下動可能な状態としてからジヤツキアツ
プし、このワイヤー状の仮受部材により再び建造
体を吊下して仮受けする工程とからなり、前記各
工程を繰り返しながら建造物の最上層の部分から
下層部分へと順次構築していくようにしたから、
下層の床から２階の高さまでが作業空間となり、
従来の工法のように高所へ重量物を揚げるための
大型クレーンや最上階までの足場を必要としな
い。また、第１階用の柱部を兼用する中空状の架
台柱を利用して建造体を吊り下げ、仮受けするの
で、支保工も不要となり工費の削減を図ることが
できる。(Effects of the Invention) As described above, according to the present invention, a jack is installed in the internal space of a hollow frame column that doubles as a column for the first floor and is erected on the floor of the lowest floor. ,
A process of arranging a column member that will become a column for the top floor on the top surface, and forming a structure for one floor by fastening beam members, roof members, floor members, etc. to this column member, and jacking up this structure. After that, there is a step of temporarily supporting the structure by suspending it by a wire-shaped temporary support member provided on the mount column along the mount column, and then retracting the jack and lifting up the column member. The process of inserting the next column member between the lower surface and the upper surface of the jack, and loosening the wire-shaped temporary support member so that it can move up and down, then jacking it up, and rebuilding with this wire-shaped temporary support member. It consists of a process of suspending the body and temporarily supporting it, and the structure is constructed sequentially from the top layer to the bottom layer by repeating each of the above steps.
The work space extends from the lower floor to the height of the second floor.
Unlike conventional construction methods, there is no need for large cranes or scaffolding to reach the top floor to lift heavy objects to high places. In addition, since the building is suspended and temporarily supported using hollow trestle pillars that also serve as pillars for the first floor, shoring is not required and construction costs can be reduced.

更に、高所での作業を回避できることから、作
業の安全性を高めることができる。 Furthermore, since work at heights can be avoided, work safety can be improved.

加えて、各階層は外壁や床等を仕上げた状態で
ジヤツキアツプされるため下層階は天候の影響を
受けにくく、この下層階をいわば全天候型の組立
作業場として利用することができ、工程管理が確
実に行なえると共に、組立用架台を最下層の構造
体あるいはロボツト等の自動機器の作業用足場な
いし支台として用いることを可能にして構築作業
のロボツト化、自動化が容易になるという効果が
ある。 In addition, since each floor is jacked up with the exterior walls and floors finished, the lower floors are less affected by the weather, and the lower floors can be used as an all-weather assembly workshop, ensuring reliable process control. In addition, it is possible to use the assembly frame as a scaffold or support for the lowermost structure or automatic equipment such as robots, thereby facilitating robotization and automation of construction work.

また、各工程中にクレーン作業が介在するもの
ではないから、作業の連続性を損なうことなく円
滑に施工を行なうことができ、工期の短縮が図れ
ると共に、多層階の建造物の構築も容易である等
の利点を有する。 Additionally, since there is no crane work involved in each process, construction can be carried out smoothly without disrupting the continuity of the work, shortening the construction period and making it easier to construct multi-story buildings. It has certain advantages.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of drawings]

図は本発明の一実施例を示すもので、第１図イ
は組立用架台の正面図、同ロは側面図、同ハは同
イのＡ−Ａ断面図、同ニは同じくＢ−Ｂ断面図、
同ホは平面図、第２図イ〜ヌは本発明にかかる工
法の工程図である。 １……最下層の床、２……架台柱、３……ジヤ
ツキ、５，５Ａ，５Ｂ……柱部材、１８，１８Ａ
……梁部材、１９……屋根部材、２３……床部
材。 The drawings show one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 1A is a front view of the assembly frame, FIG. 1B is a side view, FIG. cross section,
FIG. 2A is a plan view, and FIGS. 1... Bottom floor, 2... Frame column, 3... Jacket, 5, 5A, 5B... Pillar member, 18, 18A
... Beam member, 19 ... Roof member, 23 ... Floor member.

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] １ 最下層の床１の上に立設された第１階用の柱
部を兼用する中空状の架台柱２の内部空間にジヤ
ツキ３を据付けると共に、その上面に最上階の柱
となる柱部材５を配設し、この柱部材５に梁部材
１８、屋根部材１９または床部材等を緊結して一
階層分の構造体を形成する工程と、この構造体を
ジヤツキアツプした後、前記架台柱２に沿つて該
架台柱２に設けたワイヤー状の仮受部材１３によ
り建造体を吊下して仮受けする工程と、次に前記
ジヤツキ３を縮退させて前記押し上げが終了した
柱部材５の下面とジヤツキ上面との間に次位の柱
部材５Ａを挿入する工程と、前記ワイヤー状の仮
受部材１３を緩めて上下動可能な状態としてから
ジヤツキアツプし、このワイヤー状の仮受部材１
３により再び建造体を吊下して仮受けする工程と
からなり、前記各工程を繰り返しながら建造物の
最上層の部分から下層部分へと順次構築していく
ことを特徴とした建造物の構築方法。1 A jack 3 is installed in the internal space of a hollow frame column 2 that doubles as a column for the first floor and is erected on the floor 1 of the lowest floor, and a column that becomes a column for the top floor is installed on its upper surface. A step of arranging the member 5 and fastening the beam member 18, roof member 19, floor member, etc. to the column member 5 to form a one-story structure, and after jacking up this structure, 2, the structure is suspended and temporarily supported by a wire-shaped temporary support member 13 provided on the pedestal column 2, and then the jack 3 is retracted, and the column member 5 is lifted up after the lifting process is completed. The step of inserting the next pillar member 5A between the lower surface and the upper surface of the jack, and loosening the wire-shaped temporary support member 13 so that it can move up and down, then jacking it up, and then jacking up the wire-shaped temporary support member 13
3, the structure is suspended again and temporarily supported, and the structure is constructed sequentially from the top layer to the lower layer while repeating each of the above steps. Method.