JPH04372812A - Method for preparing topographic map of bottom of water such as swamp and dam and depth measuring body therefor - Google Patents
Method for preparing topographic map of bottom of water such as swamp and dam and depth measuring body thereforInfo
- Publication number
- JPH04372812A JPH04372812A JP3150560A JP15056091A JPH04372812A JP H04372812 A JPH04372812 A JP H04372812A JP 3150560 A JP3150560 A JP 3150560A JP 15056091 A JP15056091 A JP 15056091A JP H04372812 A JPH04372812 A JP H04372812A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- water
- gps
- antenna
- measuring body
- gps antenna
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 23
- 238000012876 topography Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005305 interferometry Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008234 soft water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A90/00—Technologies having an indirect contribution to adaptation to climate change
- Y02A90/30—Assessment of water resources
Abstract
Description
【０００１】0001
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は沼、ダムなどの水底部の
地形を測量して地形図を作成する方法及びそれに適した
測深体に関するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method of surveying the topography of the bottom of water such as swamps and dams to create topographic maps, and a sounding body suitable for the method.
【０００２】0002
【従来の技術】従来、水深測量における測深方法として
は、図３に示すように、水面２１における測量船２２か
ら音波受発信器（音響測深機）２３により水中２４に音
波を発信し、水底２５に当たり反射してくるまでの所要
時間を測定して深度とする、音波による測深方法がある
。測量船が航行しながら行うもので、同時に縦横の座標
も測量される。2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as shown in FIG. 3, a sound wave is transmitted into the water 24 from a survey ship 22 on the water surface 21 using a sound wave receiver/transmitter (acoustic sounder) 23, and There is a method of depth sounding using sound waves, which measures the time it takes for the object to hit and reflect back to the object to determine the depth. This is done while the survey ship is sailing, and the vertical and horizontal coordinates are also measured at the same time.
【０００３】また、図４に示すように、測量船２２から
水中２４に測量用のワイヤ２６を下げ、その最下部にあ
る測錘（レッド）２７が水底２５に到達した深さを測量
する、測錘による方法も知られている。この方法の場合
も同時に縦横の座標が測量される。Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 4, a surveying wire 26 is lowered from a surveying boat 22 into the water 24, and the depth at which a measuring weight (red) 27 at the bottom reaches the water bottom 25 is measured. A method using measuring weights is also known. In this method, the vertical and horizontal coordinates are also measured at the same time.
【０００４】0004
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかし、上記したいず
れの測量方法も、測深と座標の測量を同時に行う必要が
あるため、測量に関わる作業人員が多くかかる。また、
音波による測量では、使用する周波数によって音波の広
がりがあり、点の測深ができにくいという問題がある。
他方、測錘による測深方法の場合、測量船を止めるか移
動しないようにしなければならないが、船が動揺するた
め測量誤差が大きい。また水底の土壌表面が軟弱の場合
は測錘が水底に沈降して正確な測深ができない。更に測
錘が水底に達したと同時に座標の測量を行うため、仕掛
りの人数が多くかかる等の問題がある。[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, in any of the above-mentioned surveying methods, it is necessary to perform depth surveying and coordinate surveying at the same time, which requires a large number of workers involved in surveying. Also,
Surveying using sound waves has the problem that the sound waves spread out depending on the frequency used, making it difficult to measure the depth of a point. On the other hand, in the case of sounding methods using sounding weights, the survey ship must be stopped or prevented from moving, but the ship oscillates, resulting in large survey errors. Also, if the soil surface at the bottom of the water is soft, the measuring weight will sink to the bottom of the water, making accurate depth measurements impossible. Furthermore, since the coordinates are measured at the same time as the measuring weight reaches the bottom of the water, there are problems such as the need for a large number of workers.
【０００５】本発明の目的は、上述した問題点を解決し
、沼，ダムなどの水底の形状を迅速かつ正確に測量し水
底地形図とする水底の地形図作成方法及びそれに適した
測深体を提供することにある。An object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems and provide a method for creating an underwater topographic map by quickly and accurately surveying the shape of the underwater bottom of a swamp, dam, etc., and a sounding body suitable for the method. It is about providing.
【０００６】[0006]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明による沼，ダムな
どの水底の地形図作成方法は、水底の地形に沿って走行
可能な測深体の水面より突出する部分にＧＰＳアンテナ
及びＧＰＳ受信機を設けると共に、陸上部に固定のＧＰ
Ｓアンテナ及びＧＰＳ受信機を設け、測量水域中に繰り
出した上記測深体及び陸上部のＧＰＳアンテナの既知点
を設定した後、上記測深体を走行させ、水底の地形に沿
って上下する上記測深体のＧＰＳアンテナとＧＰＳ人工
衛星との距離から、キネマテックＧＰＳにより測深と座
標作成とを行うものである。[Means for Solving the Problems] The method of creating a topographical map of the bottom of a water body such as a swamp or a dam according to the present invention is to install a GPS antenna and a GPS receiver on a part of a sounding body that can travel along the topography of the bottom of the water and protrudes from the water surface. In addition to establishing a fixed GP on the land area,
After installing an S antenna and a GPS receiver and setting known points for the sounding body and the land-based GPS antenna, the sounding body is run and moves up and down along the topography of the water bottom. Based on the distance between the GPS antenna and the GPS satellite, depth sounding and coordinate creation are performed using Kinematec GPS.
【０００７】上記測深体は、水底に沿って走行する水底
走行クローラと、この水底走行クローラに立設され水面
より突出している測量ポールと、この測量ポールの転倒
を防止しつつ該測量ポールの自由な上下動を許すフロー
トと、測量ポールの水面より突出する部分に設けたＧＰ
Ｓアンテナとを有して構成することができる。The above-mentioned sounding body includes a bottom crawler that runs along the bottom of the water, a survey pole that is erected on the bottom crawler and protrudes from the water surface, and a survey pole that is free to move while preventing the survey pole from falling. A float that allows vertical movement and a GP installed on the part of the surveying pole that protrudes from the water surface.
S antenna.
【０００８】[0008]
【作用】測深体の水面より突出する部分に設けたＧＰＳ
アンテナ及びＧＰＳ受信機と陸上部に固定的に設けたＧ
ＰＳアンテナ及びＧＰＳ受信機とは、４つのＧＰＳ人工
衛星と共にＧＰＳシステム（Ｇｌｏｂａｌ Ｐｏｓｉｔ
ｉｏｎｉｎｇ Ｓｙｓｔｅｍ ：汎地球測位システム）
を構成しており、これら４つのＧＰＳ人工衛星からの電
波を受信して、干渉法により、同じ人工衛星対して距離
の測定（位相測定）を行う。通常、干渉法では、２つの
距離測定の差即ち一重差をとることで、衛星の軌道誤差
と衛星の原子時計による誤差を自動的に消去すると共に
、さらに２つの一重差の差（二重差）をとることにより
、時計の誤差及び未知の軌道の誤差の大部分を除去する
。但し、この二重差をとって位相測定するだけでは、波
長の整数倍分の不確定があって全体の距離までは不明で
ある。[Operation] GPS installed on the part of the sounding body that protrudes from the water surface
Antenna and GPS receiver fixedly installed on land
The PS antenna and GPS receiver are used in the GPS system (Global Posit) along with the four GPS satellites.
ioning System: Global Positioning System)
It receives radio waves from these four GPS satellites and uses interferometry to measure the distance (phase measurement) to the same satellite. Normally, in interferometry, by taking the difference between two distance measurements, that is, the single difference, the orbit error of the satellite and the error caused by the satellite's atomic clock are automatically eliminated. ) eliminates most of the clock errors and unknown orbit errors. However, if only the phase is measured by taking this double difference, there is an uncertainty equal to an integral multiple of the wavelength, and the entire distance is unknown.
【０００９】キネマテック（Ｋｉｎｅｍａｔｉｃ ＧＰ
Ｓ）方式は、この衛星と受信点間の距離に含まれる波長
の整数倍分の不確定さを予め取り除いておいて、複数の
点を短時間に次々と決めて行く観測方式である。既知点
から出発する方法が最も簡単であり、本発明もこれによ
る。即ち、まず測深体及び陸上部のＧＰＳアンテナの位
置を正確に位置が分かった２点（既知点）として設定し
、その後受信を開始する。測深体が水底の地形に沿って
走行すると、測深体のＧＰＳアンテナは水底の地形に応
じて上下し、これとＧＰＳ人工衛星との距離が変わるた
め、キネマテックＧＰＳにより測深と座標作成とを行う
ことができる。従って、従来の音波や測錘を用いて測深
し座標を測量する方法に比べ、測量作業時間が短縮され
、測量精度を大幅に向上させることができる。Kinematic GP
The S) method is an observation method in which a plurality of points are determined one after another in a short period of time by removing in advance uncertainties equal to integral multiples of the wavelength included in the distance between the satellite and the receiving point. The method of starting from a known point is the simplest, and the present invention also follows this method. That is, first, the positions of the sounding body and the GPS antenna on land are set as two points whose positions are accurately known (known points), and then reception is started. When the sounding body travels along the topography of the water bottom, the GPS antenna of the sounding body moves up and down according to the topography of the water bottom, and the distance between this and the GPS satellite changes, so Kinematec GPS performs depth sounding and coordinates creation. be able to. Therefore, compared to the conventional method of depth sounding and measuring coordinates using sound waves and measuring weights, surveying work time is shortened and surveying accuracy can be significantly improved.
【００１０】測深体は、水底に沿って走行する水底走行
クローラに測量ポールを立設し、その測量ポールをフロ
ートで転倒しないよう且つその自由な上下動を許すよう
に支持すると、測量ポールの水面より突出する部分に安
定してＧＰＳアンテナを設けることができる。この水底
走行クローラは、複数の無限軌道の走行ベルトよる推進
、スクリューによる推進、水流などによる推進方法のも
のを採用することができる。また水底走行クローラの動
力源は電気式、エンジン式、油圧式のどれでも良く、こ
のクロ−ラの制御も有線方式でも無線方式のどちらでも
良い。[0010] In a sounding body, a surveying pole is set up on a bottom crawler that runs along the bottom of the water, and when the surveying pole is supported by a float to prevent it from falling over and to allow free up and down movement, the surveying pole moves along the water surface. The GPS antenna can be stably provided in the more protruding part. This underwater crawler can be propelled by a plurality of endless track running belts, by a screw, by water flow, or the like. The power source of the underwater crawler may be electric, engine, or hydraulic, and the crawler may be controlled by wire or wireless.
【００１１】[0011]
【実施例】以下、本発明を図示の実施例に基づいて説明
する。DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be explained below based on the illustrated embodiments.
【００１２】図１は一例としてダム湖の断面を示したも
のであり、１は湖の測量水域中に繰り出された測深体，
２はこの測深体１を測量水域中で必要方向へ進ませる測
量指揮船であり、測量指揮船２は測深体１の近傍に配置
され且つ制御線３を介して測深体１と接続される。ここ
で測深体１は、測量指揮船２により制御され水底１６に
沿って走行する水底走行クローラ４と、この水底走行ク
ローラ４に立設され水面１４より突出している測量ポー
ル５と、この測量ポール５を転倒しないように浮力で保
持し且つ測量ポール５の自由な上下動を許すフロート６
とを有する。[0012] Figure 1 shows a cross section of a dam lake as an example, and 1 shows a sounding body carried out into the surveying water area of the lake;
Reference numeral 2 denotes a survey command boat that moves the sounding body 1 in a required direction in the surveying water area.The survey command boat 2 is arranged near the sounding body 1 and is connected to the sounding body 1 via a control line 3. Here, the sounding body 1 includes a bottom crawler 4 that is controlled by a survey command vessel 2 and runs along the bottom 16, a survey pole 5 that is erected on the bottom crawler 4 and protrudes from the water surface 14, and a survey pole 5 that is erected on the bottom crawler 4 and protrudes from the water surface 14. A float 6 that holds the surveying pole 5 with buoyancy to prevent it from falling over and allows free vertical movement of the surveying pole 5.
and has.
【００１３】水底走行クローラ４は、水底１６の山谷に
対処できるようにするため、複数の無限軌道の走行ベル
ト４ａを有し、この走行ベルト４ａは電気式、エンジン
式、油圧式のいずれかの動力源で駆動される。しかし、
軟弱水底などに対応するためスクリューによる推進、水
流などによる推進方法を採用することもできる。The underwater crawler 4 has a plurality of endless track running belts 4a in order to cope with the peaks and valleys of the underwater bottom 16, and the running belts 4a are electrical, engine-type, or hydraulic-type. Driven by a power source. but,
In order to cope with soft water bottoms, propulsion methods such as screw propulsion and water flow can also be adopted.
【００１４】上記測深体１の測量ポール５の頂部にはＧ
ＰＳ電波受信用のＧＰＳアンテナ７が、またフロート６
上にはＧＰＳ受信機８が取り付けられ、両者の間はアン
テナコード９で接続されている。一方、陸上部１５にも
、ＧＰＳ電波受信用のＧＰＳアンテナ１０とＧＰＳ受信
機１１が設けられ、両者の間がアンテナコード１２で接
続されている。陸上部１５のアンテナ１０の高さ及び位
置は固定である。しかし測深体１のアンテナ７の高さ及
び２次元的位置は、上記水底走行クローラ４の高さつま
り湖底の高低と水底走行クローラ４の現在位置とによっ
て変移する。[0014] At the top of the surveying pole 5 of the sounding body 1, there is a G
The GPS antenna 7 for receiving PS radio waves is also installed on the float 6.
A GPS receiver 8 is attached to the top, and an antenna cord 9 connects the two. On the other hand, the land section 15 is also provided with a GPS antenna 10 and a GPS receiver 11 for receiving GPS radio waves, and an antenna cord 12 connects the two. The height and position of the antenna 10 on the land section 15 are fixed. However, the height and two-dimensional position of the antenna 7 of the sounding body 1 change depending on the height of the underwater crawler 4, that is, the height of the lake bottom, and the current position of the underwater crawler 4.
【００１５】受信機８，１１は、４つのＧＰＳ人工衛星
１３と共にＧＰＳシステムを構成しており、これら人工
衛星１３から出されている１．５ＧＨｚと１．２ＧＨｚ
の時刻信号電波（Ｌ１，Ｌ２帯）の一方又は双方を受信
して、干渉法により、ある瞬間の衛星１３と受信点であ
るアンテナ７，１０との間の距離Ｒを算出する。この測
位計算においては、１つの衛星に対する２つの受信アン
テナ７，１０の位相差（一重差と称される）を作成し、
他の衛星に対しても同様に一重差を作成して、２つの一
重差のさらに差（二重差と称される）を観測として解く
。[0015] The receivers 8 and 11 constitute a GPS system together with four GPS satellites 13, and the 1.5 GHz and 1.2 GHz transmitted from these satellites 13
One or both of the time signal radio waves (L1 and L2 bands) are received, and the distance R between the satellite 13 and the antennas 7 and 10, which are the reception points, at a certain moment is calculated by interferometry. In this positioning calculation, a phase difference (referred to as a single difference) between the two receiving antennas 7 and 10 for one satellite is created,
Single differences are similarly created for other satellites, and the further difference between the two single differences (referred to as a double difference) is solved as an observation.
【００１６】一重差をとる理由は、上記のように２つの
受信機８，１１（アンテナ７，１０）で同じ衛星１３に
対して距離の測定（位相測定）を行うと、測定値の中に
含まれる誤差のうち、衛星の軌道誤差と衛星の原子時計
による誤差は等量であるから、２つの距離測定の差即ち
一重差をとることで、衛星に起因する軌道・時計の誤差
を自動的に消去できるためである。また、二重差をとる
理由は、一重差をとるだけでは受信機の時計の誤差まで
は消去されないため、二重差をとることによってこの時
計の誤差及び未知の軌道の誤差の大部分を除去するため
である。但し、この二重差をとって位相測定するだけで
は、波長の整数倍分の不確定があって全体の距離までは
不明である。The reason for taking the single difference is that when distance measurements (phase measurements) are made to the same satellite 13 using the two receivers 8 and 11 (antennas 7 and 10) as described above, some differences occur in the measured values. Of the included errors, the orbital error of the satellite and the error due to the satellite's atomic clock are equal, so by taking the difference between the two distance measurements, that is, the single difference, the error in the orbit and clock caused by the satellite can be automatically corrected. This is because it can be erased. In addition, the reason for taking a double difference is that taking a single difference does not eliminate the error of the receiver's clock, so by taking a double difference, most of the errors of this clock and the error of the unknown orbit are removed. This is to do so. However, if only the phase is measured by taking this double difference, there is an uncertainty equal to an integral multiple of the wavelength, and the entire distance is unknown.
【００１７】キネマテックＧＰＳは、上記の不確定整数
（アンビギュイティ）を解消する実用的な方式であって
、予め不確定さを取り除いておいて複数の点を短時間に
次々と決めて行く観測方式である。予め不確定さを取り
除いておく手段のうち、最も簡単なものは、既知点から
出発する方法であり、まず位置が正確に分かった２点で
受信を開始することにより、最初に距離差の整数不確定
分を決めてしまい、後は受信状態にしたまま途中で観測
の中断（サイクルスリップ）が起らないように注意して
、一方の受信機で複数の未知点を次々に観測するもので
ある。本発明もこのキネマテックＧＰＳを基本原理とす
るものである。[0017] Kinematec GPS is a practical method to eliminate the above-mentioned uncertain integer (ambiguity), and it removes the uncertainty in advance and determines multiple points one after another in a short time. It is an observation method. The simplest way to remove uncertainty in advance is to start from a known point.By starting reception at two points whose positions are accurately known, first the integer of the distance difference is calculated. After determining the uncertainties, one receiver observes multiple unknown points one after another while remaining in the receiving state, being careful not to interrupt the observation (cycle slip). be. The present invention also uses this Kinematec GPS as its basic principle.
【００１８】まず、始めにＧＰＳ受信機８，１１とＧＰ
Ｓ電波受信アンテナ７，１０でＧＰＳ人工衛星１３から
電波を受信して初期設定をする。これにより測量点の値
を既知とする。First, the GPS receivers 8, 11 and the GP
Initial settings are performed by receiving radio waves from the GPS satellite 13 using the S radio wave receiving antennas 7 and 10. This makes the value of the survey point known.
【００１９】次に図１のように陸上部１５のアンテナ点
を固定したまま、水底走行クローラ４に測量ポール５を
装備して、そのフロート６を貫通してＧＰＳ受信機８を
付けて測量水域に繰り出しておく。測量条件として、２
箇所にあるアンテナ７，１０は４個の人工衛星１３の電
波を同時刻に受信しなければならない。Next, as shown in FIG. 1, with the antenna point on the land section 15 fixed, a surveying pole 5 is attached to the bottom traveling crawler 4, and a GPS receiver 8 is attached to the float 6 through which the surveying water area is surveyed. Take it out. As surveying conditions, 2
The antennas 7 and 10 located at each location must receive radio waves from the four artificial satellites 13 at the same time.
【００２０】次に、対象水域の測量は水底走行クローラ
４を連続的に走らせる。走行の進路は、測定に必要な水
域を選択する。また、水底１６の全てを測量するような
場合は水底走行クローラ４を縦横無尽に側点の漏れがな
いように走行させる。Next, to survey the target water area, the underwater crawler 4 is continuously run. For the travel route, select the area of water necessary for measurement. In addition, when surveying the entire underwater bottom 16, the underwater crawler 4 is run in all directions so as not to leak any side points.
【００２１】クローラ４が走行して水深が変動すると、
測量ポール５の高さはフロート貫通穴を通しての受信ア
ンテナ７のアンテナ高さが変動する。尚、フロート６は
常時水面にある。[0021] When the crawler 4 runs and the water depth changes,
The height of the surveying pole 5 changes as the antenna height of the receiving antenna 7 passes through the float through hole. Note that the float 6 is always on the water surface.
【００２２】測量したデータには、任意の点の深さ（測
深）と地球座標の値が瞬時に測定される。これはＧＰＳ
電波受信アンテナ１０の受信機１１にストックされる。
ＧＰＳ電波受信アンテナ１０の受信の間中、ＧＰＳ受信
機１１でも同時受信を実施している。[0022] The surveyed data includes instantaneous measurements of the depth (bathymetry) and earth coordinate values of arbitrary points. This is GPS
It is stocked in the receiver 11 of the radio wave receiving antenna 10. During the reception by the GPS radio wave receiving antenna 10, the GPS receiver 11 is also performing simultaneous reception.
【００２３】測量が完了したならば、ＧＰＳ電波受信ア
ンテナ１０とＧＰＳ受信機１１からパソコン（パーソナ
ルコンピュータ）にデータを取り出して座標と深度の関
係を演算処理する。これをＸＹプロッターにかけて図２
に示すような等高線を描く。かくして、測深において深
さと座標を同時にかつ瞬時に連続的に測量することがで
き、これにより正確な水底１６の地形図が作成できる。
これは上記ダム湖において、土砂の流入や移動などを正
確に把握し、ダムの有効容積の低下を監視するといった
管理保全を容易に行なえることを意味する。[0023] When the surveying is completed, data is taken out from the GPS radio wave receiving antenna 10 and the GPS receiver 11 to a personal computer, and the relationship between coordinates and depth is processed. Plot this on an XY plotter and see Figure 2.
Draw contour lines as shown. In this way, depth and coordinates can be measured simultaneously and instantaneously and continuously during bathymetry, thereby making it possible to create an accurate topographical map of the water bottom 16. This means that in the dam lake, it is possible to accurately monitor the inflow and movement of sediment, and to easily carry out management and maintenance operations such as monitoring a decrease in the effective volume of the dam.
【００２４】尚、上記実施例では、水底走行クローラの
動作を測量指揮船から有線にて制御したが無線で制御す
ることもでき、また測量指揮船以外の外部から有線また
は無線で制御することもできる。[0024] In the above embodiment, the operation of the underwater crawler was controlled by wire from the survey command ship, but it can also be controlled wirelessly, and it may also be controlled by wire or wirelessly from an external source other than the survey command ship. can.
【００２５】[0025]
【発明の効果】以上述べたように、本発明は、測深体に
水底の地形に応じて上下するＧＰＳアンテナを設け、こ
れと陸上部のＧＰＳアンテナの位置とを既知点として、
測深体を走行させて受信を開始し、水底の地形に応じて
上下する測深体のＧＰＳアンテナとＧＰＳ人工衛星との
距離を、キネマテックＧＰＳにより測定し、測深と座標
作成とを行うものであるため、、従来の音波や測錘を用
いる方法に比べ、次のような優れた効果が得られる。As described above, the present invention provides a sounding body with a GPS antenna that moves up and down according to the topography of the water bottom, and uses this and the position of the GPS antenna on land as known points.
The sounding body travels to start reception, and Kinematec GPS measures the distance between the GPS antenna of the sounding body, which moves up and down according to the topography of the ocean floor, and the GPS satellite, and performs depth sounding and coordinate creation. Therefore, compared to conventional methods using sound waves or measuring weights, the following superior effects can be obtained.
【００２６】（１）測深において深さと座標を同時にか
つ瞬時に連続的に測量できるため仕掛り人員が削減でき
る。(1) In sounding, depth and coordinates can be measured simultaneously and instantaneously and continuously, so the number of workers in process can be reduced.
【００２７】（２）ＧＰＳを利用しているため測量誤差
が少ない。(2) Since GPS is used, surveying errors are small.
【００２８】（３）正確な等高線を描くことができる。
従って、土砂の流入，移動などを正確に把握できるため
ダムなどの管理保全が容易に行なえる。(3) Accurate contour lines can be drawn. Therefore, since the inflow and movement of earth and sand can be accurately grasped, management and maintenance of dams, etc. can be easily carried out.
【００２９】また、請求項２の測深体によれば、測量ポ
ールの水面より突出する部分に安定してＧＰＳアンテナ
を設けることができ、水底に凹凸があってもクローラを
連続的に動かすことによって正確な測深ができる。Further, according to the sounding body of claim 2, the GPS antenna can be stably provided on the part of the surveying pole that protrudes from the water surface, and even if the bottom of the water is uneven, the GPS antenna can be stably installed by continuously moving the crawler. Accurate depth measurement is possible.
【図１】本発明の実施例を示すダム湖における断面図で
ある。FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a dam lake showing an embodiment of the present invention.
【図２】本発明の方法により得られる水底の地形図を例
示した図である。FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a topographical map of the water bottom obtained by the method of the present invention.
【図３】従来の音波による測深法を示した断面図である
。FIG. 3 is a sectional view showing a conventional sound sounding method.
【図４】従来の測錘による測深法を示した断面図である
。FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing a conventional sounding method using a sounding weight.
１ 測深体 ２ 測量指揮船 ３ 制御線 ４ 水底走行クローラ ４ａ 無限軌道の走行ベルト ５ 測量ポール ６ フロート ７ ＧＰＳアンテナ ８ ＧＰＳ受信機 ９ アンテナコード １０ ＧＰＳアンテナ １１ ＧＰＳ受信機 １２ アンテナコード １３ ＧＰＳ人工衛星 １４ 水面 １５ 陸上部 1 Sounding body 2 Survey command ship 3 Control line 4 Underwater crawler 4a Trail running belt 5 Survey pole 6 Float 7 GPS antenna 8 GPS receiver 9 Antenna code 10 GPS antenna 11 GPS receiver 12 Antenna code 13 GPS satellite 14 Water surface 15 Track and field club
Claims (2)
の水面より突出する部分にＧＰＳアンテナ及びＧＰＳ受
信機を設けると共に、陸上部に固定のＧＰＳアンテナ及
びＧＰＳ受信機を設け、測量水域中に繰り出した上記測
深体及び陸上部のＧＰＳアンテナの既知点を設定した後
、上記測深体を走行させ、水底の地形に沿って上下する
上記測深体のＧＰＳアンテナとＧＰＳ人工衛星との距離
から、キネマテックＧＰＳにより測深と座標作成とを行
うことを特徴とする沼，ダムなどの水底の地形図作成方
法。Claim 1: A GPS antenna and a GPS receiver are provided on a part of a sounding body that can travel along the topography of the water bottom that protrudes from the water surface, and a fixed GPS antenna and a GPS receiver are provided on land, and a sounding body that can travel along the topography of the water bottom is provided with a GPS antenna and a GPS receiver that are fixed on land. After setting the known points of the sounding body and the GPS antenna on land, the sounding body is run and the distance between the GPS antenna of the sounding body and the GPS satellite, which moves up and down along the topography of the water bottom, is determined. A method for creating topographical maps of the bottom of water such as swamps and dams, which is characterized by performing depth sounding and creating coordinates using Kinematec GPS.
ラと、この水底走行クローラに立設され水面より突出し
ている測量ポールと、この測量ポールの転倒を防止しつ
つ該測量ポールの自由な上下動を許すフロートと、測量
ポールの水面より突出する部分に設けたＧＰＳアンテナ
とを有することを特徴とする測深体。Claim 2: A bottom crawler that travels along the bottom of the water, a survey pole that is erected on the bottom crawler and protrudes from the water surface, and a survey pole that can freely move up and down while preventing the survey pole from falling over. A sounding body characterized by having a float that allows the water to move, and a GPS antenna provided on a part of a surveying pole that protrudes from the water surface.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3150560A JPH04372812A (en) | 1991-06-21 | 1991-06-21 | Method for preparing topographic map of bottom of water such as swamp and dam and depth measuring body therefor |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3150560A JPH04372812A (en) | 1991-06-21 | 1991-06-21 | Method for preparing topographic map of bottom of water such as swamp and dam and depth measuring body therefor |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH04372812A true JPH04372812A (en) | 1992-12-25 |
Family
ID=15499551
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3150560A Pending JPH04372812A (en) | 1991-06-21 | 1991-06-21 | Method for preparing topographic map of bottom of water such as swamp and dam and depth measuring body therefor |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH04372812A (en) |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0743160A (en) * | 1993-07-27 | 1995-02-10 | Mitsui Constr Co Ltd | Gps station piling device |
| WO1995016895A1 (en) * | 1993-12-13 | 1995-06-22 | Core Corp. | Integrated photographing apparatus mounted on aircraft |
| JPH08160155A (en) * | 1994-12-07 | 1996-06-21 | Denken:Kk | Apparatus for measuring various substances contained in atmosphere utilizing current position measuring apparatus |
| JPH10332416A (en) * | 1997-06-02 | 1998-12-18 | Kansai Electric Power Co Inc:The | Automatic moving body, automatic navigating ship, and automatic surveying ship for deposited sand of dam |
| KR100563757B1 (en) * | 2006-01-23 | 2006-03-24 | 김은주 | Methods to measure pondage |
| KR100826631B1 (en) * | 2008-02-01 | 2008-05-02 | (주) 일신하이텍 | Gps receiving apparatus |
-
1991
- 1991-06-21 JP JP3150560A patent/JPH04372812A/en active Pending
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0743160A (en) * | 1993-07-27 | 1995-02-10 | Mitsui Constr Co Ltd | Gps station piling device |
| WO1995016895A1 (en) * | 1993-12-13 | 1995-06-22 | Core Corp. | Integrated photographing apparatus mounted on aircraft |
| AU679599B2 (en) * | 1993-12-13 | 1997-07-03 | Leica Geosystems Gis & Mapping, Llc | Integrated photographing apparatus mounted on aircraft |
| JPH08160155A (en) * | 1994-12-07 | 1996-06-21 | Denken:Kk | Apparatus for measuring various substances contained in atmosphere utilizing current position measuring apparatus |
| JPH10332416A (en) * | 1997-06-02 | 1998-12-18 | Kansai Electric Power Co Inc:The | Automatic moving body, automatic navigating ship, and automatic surveying ship for deposited sand of dam |
| KR100563757B1 (en) * | 2006-01-23 | 2006-03-24 | 김은주 | Methods to measure pondage |
| KR100826631B1 (en) * | 2008-02-01 | 2008-05-02 | (주) 일신하이텍 | Gps receiving apparatus |
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