JPH04337783A - Heating roller device - Google Patents
Heating roller deviceInfo
- Publication number
- JPH04337783A JPH04337783A JP11019991A JP11019991A JPH04337783A JP H04337783 A JPH04337783 A JP H04337783A JP 11019991 A JP11019991 A JP 11019991A JP 11019991 A JP11019991 A JP 11019991A JP H04337783 A JPH04337783 A JP H04337783A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- heating roller
- heating
- heat
- temperature
- calorific value
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 266
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 abstract description 44
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 21
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 description 25
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 18
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 14
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 5
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000036316 preload Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 206010010904 Convulsion Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000873 masking effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000004696 Poly ether ether ketone Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004734 Polyphenylene sulfide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920002492 poly(sulfone) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001707 polybutylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002530 polyetherether ketone Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000069 polyphenylene sulfide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004945 silicone rubber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920012266 Poly(ether sulfone) PES Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004962 Polyamide-imide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000748 compression moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013013 elastic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005538 encapsulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001973 fluoroelastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- CWQXQMHSOZUFJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdenum disulfide Chemical compound S=[Mo]=S CWQXQMHSOZUFJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052982 molybdenum disulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002312 polyamide-imide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- -1 polybutylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002631 room-temperature vulcanizate silicone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002379 silicone rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920003051 synthetic elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005061 synthetic rubber Substances 0.000 description 1
- BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrafluoroethene Chemical group FC(F)=C(F)F BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000037303 wrinkles Effects 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Control Of Resistance Heating (AREA)
- Fixing For Electrophotography (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【0001】0001
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、複写機、ファクシミリ
、プリンター、等に用いられる加熱ローラ装置に関する
。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a heating roller device used in copying machines, facsimile machines, printers, etc.
【0002】0002
【従来の技術】近年、特に高速化、高分解能化、小型低
価格化が要求される複写機、ファクシミリ、プリンター
、等に用いられる加熱ローラ装置においては、筒部内に
軸方向に伸びる棒状のヒータランプを配設して成る筒状
の加熱ローラを用いた構成が採用されている。[Prior Art] In recent years, heating roller devices used in copying machines, facsimile machines, printers, etc., which are particularly required to be faster, have higher resolution, be smaller and lower in price, are equipped with rod-shaped heaters that extend in the axial direction within a cylindrical portion. A configuration using a cylindrical heating roller provided with lamps is adopted.
【0003】図2は従来の電子写真装置等の定着器の一
例の断面図である。特開昭63ー33152に開示され
るように、ヒータランプ91を内蔵し、表面層を有する
円筒型の加熱ローラ軸3の定着域外の外周面を支持部材
5によって回転可能に支持された加熱ローラ4は押圧ロ
ーラ6と加圧接触しつつ回転している。歯車8は加熱ロ
ーラ4に固着し回転力を伝達している。ベース7は支持
部材5と押圧ローラ6のベアリングを固着支持している
。FIG. 2 is a sectional view of an example of a fixing device of a conventional electrophotographic apparatus. As disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 63-33152, a heating roller has a built-in heater lamp 91 and is rotatably supported by a support member 5 on the outer peripheral surface of a cylindrical heating roller shaft 3 having a surface layer outside the fixing area. 4 rotates while being in pressure contact with the pressure roller 6. The gear 8 is fixed to the heating roller 4 and transmits rotational force. The base 7 firmly supports the bearings of the support member 5 and the pressure roller 6.
【0004】図3は従来の電子写真装置等の定着器の他
の一例の断面図である。特開 昭61ー143160
に開示されるように、従来の加熱ローラ軸13は両端に
フランジ10が形成されている。また、表面層4は加熱
ローラ軸13の大径部のみに施されている。加熱ローラ
13の円筒内部にそれぞれ第1、第2のヒータランプ1
1、12を具備し、第2のヒータランプ12は第1のヒ
ータランプ11のフィラメントより短いフィラメントを
有し、被加熱物の幅に応じて第1及び第2のヒータラン
プの一方のみを選択的に点灯加熱するものであった。FIG. 3 is a sectional view of another example of a conventional fixing device such as an electrophotographic apparatus. Japanese Patent Publication No. 1986-143160
As disclosed in , a conventional heating roller shaft 13 has flanges 10 formed at both ends. Further, the surface layer 4 is applied only to the large diameter portion of the heating roller shaft 13. First and second heater lamps 1 are installed inside the cylinder of the heating roller 13, respectively.
1 and 12, the second heater lamp 12 has a shorter filament than the filament of the first heater lamp 11, and only one of the first and second heater lamps is selected depending on the width of the object to be heated. It was a device that heated up when lit.
【0005】[0005]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかしながらこのよう
な構成においては、以下に示す数多くの問題点があった
。[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, this configuration has many problems as described below.
【0006】(1) 図2、図3の構成では加熱ロー
ラ軸の両端は開口直径D、D3を有するが、ヒータラン
プに比べ大口径であり、この間には大きな空気層が存在
する。ヒータランプの輻射熱により加熱された加熱ロー
ラ軸の周辺部の空気は高温となり、対流により開口部か
ら外部へ流出する。一方、低温の外気は大きな開口部か
ら小さな空気抵抗で容易に流入し、加熱ローラ内の温度
を低下させ、更に開口部では熱伝導性に優れる金属等か
ら成る加熱ローラ軸端面が露出しているため、熱はここ
からも大量に周辺外部へ放散され、加熱ローラの熱効率
を極端に損なう結果となり、これを補うためにヒータラ
ンプは大電力を消費せざるを得なかった。(1) In the configurations shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, both ends of the heating roller shaft have opening diameters D and D3, which are larger than the heater lamp, and a large air layer exists between them. The air around the heating roller shaft heated by the radiant heat of the heater lamp reaches a high temperature, and flows out through the opening due to convection. On the other hand, low-temperature outside air easily flows in through the large opening with small air resistance, lowering the temperature inside the heating roller, and furthermore, the end surface of the heating roller shaft made of metal with excellent thermal conductivity is exposed at the opening. Therefore, a large amount of heat is dissipated from here to the outside, resulting in an extreme loss of thermal efficiency of the heating roller, and in order to compensate for this, the heater lamp has no choice but to consume a large amount of electric power.
【0007】(2) 空気の対流と加熱ローラ軸の解
放両端部からの熱放散により、加熱ローラの軸方向の温
度分布は不均一となり、両端では中央部に比べ低温とな
る。両端部での温度を所定値以上に保つために中央部は
異常な高温になり、トナーの加熱ローラへの付着(高温
オフセット)の発生や加熱ローラ、押圧ローラの部材の
熱劣化が起こり、装置の耐久性を損なう結果になってい
た。また、支持部材へはこれと接する熱伝導性の良い加
熱ローラ軸から大量の熱が移動するため、高温となり摺
動部の摩擦トルクの増加や甚だしきは焼付きとなり装置
の停止にいたるという致命欠陥となることがあった。(2) Due to air convection and heat dissipation from both open ends of the heating roller shaft, the temperature distribution in the axial direction of the heating roller becomes non-uniform, and the temperature at both ends is lower than that at the center. In order to maintain the temperature at both ends above a predetermined value, the center becomes abnormally high, causing toner to adhere to the heating roller (high-temperature offset) and thermal deterioration of the heating roller and pressure roller members, causing equipment damage. This resulted in a loss of durability. In addition, a large amount of heat transfers to the support member from the heat roller shaft, which is in contact with the support member and has good thermal conductivity, resulting in high temperatures, which can lead to an increase in frictional torque on the sliding parts and even seizure, which can lead to equipment stoppage, a fatal flaw. Sometimes it happened.
【0008】(3)空気の対流と加熱ローラ軸の解放両
端部からの熱放散は同時に周辺部のベースを加熱し、ベ
ースの温度不均一による熱歪でベースを歪ませ、ベース
に装着される他の部材との相対位置精度を悪化させるた
めに被定着物(例えば紙)のシワ、カール、変形等の原
因となった。また、空気の対流は特に装置内を高温にす
るため、像担持体や紙、トナーの特性を大きく変化させ
安定した印字特性を確保できなかった。更に、ヒータラ
ンプのシール部9は加熱ローラ軸の大開口部から高温の
空気のみならず輻射熱で加熱され高温となりやすい構成
であり、シール部の劣化は高温で加速されるためヒータ
ランプの寿命を短める要因となっていた。(4) ヒ
ータランプの過熱を防ぐため、定着幅L1、加熱ローラ
幅L2に対して放熱長さL4が必要でありヒータランプ
長L3は大きくなり、装置の大型化を招くと共にヒータ
ランプや加熱ローラのコスト高につながっていた。(3) Air convection and heating roller shaft release Heat dissipation from both ends simultaneously heats the base at the periphery, distorts the base due to thermal distortion due to non-uniform temperature of the base, and the heat roller is attached to the base. This deteriorates relative positional accuracy with other members, causing wrinkles, curls, deformation, etc. of the fixing object (for example, paper). In addition, air convection particularly raises the temperature inside the apparatus, which greatly changes the characteristics of the image carrier, paper, and toner, making it impossible to ensure stable printing characteristics. Furthermore, the seal portion 9 of the heater lamp is easily heated to high temperatures by not only high-temperature air but also radiant heat from the large opening of the heating roller shaft, and deterioration of the seal portion is accelerated at high temperatures, which shortens the life of the heater lamp. This was a factor in shortening it. (4) In order to prevent the heater lamp from overheating, a heat dissipation length L4 is required for the fixing width L1 and the heating roller width L2, which increases the heater lamp length L3, resulting in an increase in the size of the device and the need for the heater lamp and heating roller. This led to high costs.
【0009】(5) 加熱ローラ軸の解放両端部から
は加熱光が漏洩し、これが一部、像担持体に入る場合が
あり印字品質を損なうために特別な遮光手段が必要であ
った。(5) Heating light leaks from both open ends of the heating roller shaft, and some of this may enter the image carrier, impairing printing quality, so special light shielding means is required.
【0010】(6) 図2の構成の場合、加熱ローラ
外周の表面層には含フッ素樹脂のコーティング等が用い
られるが、これはベアリング材等から成る支持部材と回
転摺動を行うため耐摩耗性、耐潤滑性が要求される。ベ
アリング材によっては含フッ素樹脂のコーティングを摩
耗させる場合が多く、高温摺動時に摺動不良を発生した
。
また、摩耗により加熱ローラは偏心しつつ回動するため
、加熱ローラと押圧ローラの安定した接触状態が保てず
定着が不安定であった。これを防ぐため、表面層は支持
部材との嵌合摺動部を除いた部分に施される。従って、
表面層を選択的に加熱ローラ軸に固着するための手段(
例えばマスキング)や支持部材との摺動部のみを追加工
して加熱ローラ軸を露出させ、支持部材と摺動を行わせ
る必要があり、工数の増加、複雑化は避けられなかった
。(6) In the case of the configuration shown in FIG. 2, a coating of fluorine-containing resin or the like is used on the surface layer of the outer periphery of the heating roller, but since it rotates and slides on a supporting member made of a bearing material, etc., it is wear-resistant. properties and lubrication resistance are required. Depending on the bearing material, the fluorine-containing resin coating often wears out, resulting in poor sliding during high-temperature sliding. Furthermore, because the heating roller rotates eccentrically due to wear, stable contact between the heating roller and the pressure roller cannot be maintained, resulting in unstable fixing. In order to prevent this, the surface layer is applied to the parts other than the sliding parts that fit with the support member. Therefore,
Means for selectively fixing the surface layer to the heating roller shaft (
For example, it is necessary to perform additional work (for example, masking) or only the sliding part with the support member to expose the heating roller shaft and make it slide with the support member, which inevitably increases the number of man-hours and makes it more complicated.
【0011】(7) 図3の構成の場合、特に、加熱
ローラ軸がフランジ部を有するため、押圧ローラからの
予圧加重はフランジ部への応力集中を発生し損傷、破損
の原因となる。これを防ぐためフランジ部や加熱ローラ
軸を厚肉化するが、反面、熱容量が増大するため、加熱
ローラの熱応答特性が遅くなり、サイズの異なる被定着
物の連続定着時、始動時に長いウォームアップ時間を要
した。また、加工も特殊、複雑であり、ローラの製造管
理、装置の保守管理も十分に行う必要があった。(7) In the case of the configuration shown in FIG. 3, in particular, since the heating roller shaft has a flange portion, the preload from the pressure roller causes stress concentration on the flange portion, causing damage and breakage. In order to prevent this, the flange part and heating roller shaft are made thicker, but on the other hand, the heat capacity increases, which slows down the thermal response characteristics of the heating roller. It took time to upload. In addition, the processing is special and complicated, and it is necessary to adequately manage the manufacturing of the rollers and the maintenance of the equipment.
【0012】(8) 加熱ローラは押圧ローラから数
kgから数十kgの予圧加重を受けつつ回動する。図2
の構成の場合、回転摺動部の半径は加熱ローラ半径と同
一で大径となるため回動に要するトルクは非常に大きく
なり大出力、大型の駆動モータが必要となり、装置の低
価格化、小型化を阻害するものであった。(8) The heating roller rotates while receiving a preload of several kg to several tens of kg from the pressure roller. Figure 2
In the case of the configuration, the radius of the rotating sliding part is the same as the heating roller radius and is large, so the torque required for rotation is extremely large, requiring a large drive motor with high output, which reduces the cost of the device. This hindered miniaturization.
【0013】(9) サイズの異なる被定着物の定着
時に加熱ローラの被定着物の接触部と非接触部の温度分
布が異なり、小幅から大幅の被定着物の連続定着時に加
熱ローラの温度均一に対する応答性が損なわれり、不要
な電力を浪費した。これを補償するために図3に示すよ
うに( 特開 昭61ー143160)、2本のヒー
タランプを用い一方を選択的に点灯加熱していた。しか
し、この構成によれば、2本のヒータランプを加熱ロー
ラ軸の円筒内に挿通したため、一方のヒータランプが点
灯加熱する際に、その輻射熱の一部は他方のヒータラン
プに吸収され加熱ローラの発熱に寄与せず損失となり加
熱ローラの熱効率を低下させた。(9) When fixing objects of different sizes, the temperature distribution of the contact area of the heating roller and the non-contact area of the object is different, and the temperature of the heating roller is not uniform when fixing objects of a small to large width continuously. response was impaired and unnecessary power was wasted. In order to compensate for this, as shown in FIG. 3 (Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 143160/1982), two heater lamps were used and one of them was selectively turned on for heating. However, according to this configuration, since the two heater lamps are inserted into the cylinder of the heating roller shaft, when one heater lamp turns on and heats up, a part of the radiant heat is absorbed by the other heater lamp and the heating roller is heated. It did not contribute to the heat generation of the heat roller, resulting in a loss and lowering the thermal efficiency of the heating roller.
【0014】(10) 図4は従来の電子写真装置等
の定着器の半径方向の断面図である。表面層2を有する
加熱ローラ軸13の円筒内にヒータランプ11、12が
挿通し、ヒータランプ11が選択的に点灯する場合、そ
の輻射熱は図中の下方には直接伝達され加熱ローラ軸1
3は高温となるが、図中の上方にはヒータランプ12が
あるため輻射熱はこれに吸収され、加熱ローラ軸13は
低温となる。矢印14は加熱ローラの円周方向の温度を
表し、実線15は温度分布を示す。温度分布は加熱ロー
ラの中心17に対し、上方が低く下方が高い非点対称形
となる。また、加熱ローラは円弧矢印16の方向に回転
する。従って加熱ローラ、支持部材には1回転毎に熱歪
、変形、応力が加わり加熱ローラ材料の疲労や接着部の
強度低下、支持部材の偏摩耗が発生した。(10) FIG. 4 is a radial cross-sectional view of a fixing device of a conventional electrophotographic apparatus. When the heater lamps 11 and 12 are inserted into the cylinder of the heating roller shaft 13 having the surface layer 2 and the heater lamp 11 is selectively turned on, the radiant heat is directly transmitted downward in the figure to the heating roller shaft 1.
3 becomes a high temperature, but since there is a heater lamp 12 above in the figure, the radiant heat is absorbed by this, and the heating roller shaft 13 becomes low temperature. Arrow 14 represents the temperature in the circumferential direction of the heating roller, and solid line 15 represents the temperature distribution. The temperature distribution is asymmetrical with respect to the center 17 of the heating roller, with the temperature being lower at the top and higher at the bottom. Further, the heating roller rotates in the direction of the arcuate arrow 16. Therefore, thermal strain, deformation, and stress are applied to the heating roller and the supporting member every rotation, resulting in fatigue of the heating roller material, decreased strength of the bonded portion, and uneven wear of the supporting member.
【0015】(11) 加熱ローラ軸の解放両端部に
は、2本のヒータランプが挿通するため開口直径D3は
ますます大きくなると共に、非点対称温度分布により対
流は促進される。従って高温空気の対流量は増加し、両
端部での温度低下と周辺部、特にヒータランプのシール
部への熱伝達は加速され、更に一方のヒータランプの輻
射熱が他方のヒータランプのシール部を直接加熱するた
め一層シール部は劣化し、寿命を低下させた。(11) Since two heater lamps are inserted into both open ends of the heating roller shaft, the opening diameter D3 becomes larger and larger, and convection is promoted due to the asymmetric temperature distribution. Therefore, the convective flow of hot air increases, the temperature drop at both ends and the heat transfer to the surrounding area, especially the seal area of the heater lamp, is accelerated, and the radiant heat of one heater lamp is transferred to the seal area of the other heater lamp. Direct heating further deteriorated the seal and shortened its lifespan.
【0016】(12) (10)と(11)により加
熱ローラの熱効率は一層低下し、消費電力の増加、装置
各部の温度上昇、特別な遮光手段の付与が必要となった
。(12) Due to (10) and (11), the thermal efficiency of the heating roller is further reduced, power consumption is increased, the temperature of each part of the device is increased, and it is necessary to provide special light shielding means.
【0017】(13) 2本のヒータランプは被加熱
物の幅に応じて第1及び第2のヒータランプの一方のみ
を選択的に点灯加熱するものであったため、得られる加
熱ローラの温度分布もそれぞれに一義となり2種類しか
なく、またヒータランプの軸方向温度分布の形状を制御
することは不可能であった。(13) Since the two heater lamps were designed to selectively turn on and heat only one of the first and second heater lamps depending on the width of the object to be heated, the resulting temperature distribution of the heating roller Each type has a unique meaning, and there are only two types, and it has been impossible to control the shape of the axial temperature distribution of the heater lamp.
【0018】(14) 電子写真装置等の定着器の場
合、被定着物である紙、トナーは帯電しており、加熱ロ
ーラが帯電している場合に紙は静電気力によって加熱ロ
ーラに巻付き、紙ジャムやこれに伴う発火、発煙を引き
起こし装置の重大欠点となっていた。また、トナーは加
熱溶融後に加熱ローラに吸着し、オフセットを発生する
ため印字品質を低下させた。(14) In the case of a fixing device such as an electrophotographic device, the paper and toner to be fixed are electrically charged, and when the heating roller is electrically charged, the paper is wound around the heating roller by electrostatic force. This caused paper jams, resulting in fire and smoke, which was a major drawback of the device. Furthermore, the toner adsorbs to the heating roller after being heated and melted, causing offset, which deteriorates print quality.
【0019】そこで本発明はこのような問題点を解決す
るものであり、その目的とするところは周辺外部への損
失熱伝達が少なく高熱効率で、軸方向の発熱量分布が制
御可能な、ローラの駆動トルクの小さい、しかも紙の巻
き付きやオフセットのない加熱ローラ装置を簡単な構造
で提供するところにある。The present invention is intended to solve these problems, and its purpose is to provide a roller that has high thermal efficiency with little loss of heat transfer to the outside, and can control the distribution of heat generation in the axial direction. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a heating roller device with a simple structure, which has a small driving torque and is free from paper wrapping and offset.
【0020】[0020]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明の加熱ローラ装置
は、互いに圧接しながら回動する加熱ローラと押圧ロー
ラより成り、加熱ローラの円筒内に軸方向に伸びる1つ
の長尺の発熱手段を配置し、発熱手段は軸方向に発熱量
の異なる部分から成る発熱体を複数個収容して成ること
を特徴とする。[Means for Solving the Problems] The heating roller device of the present invention consists of a heating roller and a pressing roller that rotate while being pressed against each other, and includes one elongated heat generating means extending in the axial direction within the cylinder of the heating roller. The heat generating means is characterized in that it accommodates a plurality of heat generating elements each having a portion having a different amount of heat generated in the axial direction.
【0021】[0021]
【作用】加熱ローラの両端部は支持部材により覆われる
。このため(1) オリフィス効果及びラビリンス効
果により、両端部での空気抵抗が増加するので対流が阻
害され、高温空気の外部への流出が少ない。[Operation] Both ends of the heating roller are covered by supporting members. For this reason, (1) the air resistance at both ends increases due to the orifice effect and the labyrinth effect, so convection is inhibited, and there is little outflow of high-temperature air to the outside.
【0022】(2) 支持部材の断熱効果により、加
熱ローラ軸の両端部からの熱伝達による熱損失を防止す
る。(2) The heat insulating effect of the support member prevents heat loss due to heat transfer from both ends of the heating roller shaft.
【0023】(3) 加熱ローラ両端部に配設された
反射手段により、両端部からの漏洩発熱光(電磁波)を
加熱ローラ内部へ反射し、加熱に供させる。(3) Reflecting means disposed at both ends of the heating roller reflect the leaked heat-generating light (electromagnetic waves) from both ends into the interior of the heating roller to heat it.
【0024】(4) (1)、(2)、(3)より、
軸端部での温度低下が少なくなり、加熱ローラの温度分
布の均一性が向上する。(4) From (1), (2), and (3),
The temperature drop at the end of the shaft is reduced, and the uniformity of the temperature distribution of the heating roller is improved.
【0025】(5) 加熱ローラ周辺部への熱伝達が
少ないため、周辺各部での熱変形、熱劣化、像担持体等
の特性が安定する。(5) Since there is little heat transfer to the peripheral portions of the heating roller, thermal deformation, thermal deterioration, and characteristics of the image carrier are stabilized at various peripheral portions.
【0026】(6) 摺動回転を行う第2の円筒面の
直径が小さいため、加熱ローラを駆動回転させるトルク
が小さい。(6) Since the diameter of the second cylindrical surface that performs sliding rotation is small, the torque for driving and rotating the heating roller is small.
【0027】(7) 加熱ローラ外周の第1の円筒面
では摺動回転を行わず、耐摩耗性、耐潤滑性は不要であ
る。(7) The first cylindrical surface on the outer periphery of the heating roller does not perform sliding rotation, and therefore does not require wear resistance or lubrication resistance.
【0028】(8) 加熱ローラ軸は薄肉の一定厚の
パイプにて構成されるため、熱容量が小さく熱応答特性
が速い。(8) Since the heating roller shaft is composed of a thin pipe with a constant thickness, its heat capacity is small and its thermal response characteristics are fast.
【0029】(9) 支持部材が導電性を有するため
、加熱ローラを所定の電位に設定できる。(9) Since the support member has conductivity, the heating roller can be set to a predetermined potential.
【0030】(10) 一つの発熱手段に複数の発熱
体を配設するため、一方の輻射光が他方に吸収される損
失量は極めてすくない。(10) Since a plurality of heat generating elements are disposed in one heat generating means, the amount of loss due to radiation light from one being absorbed by the other is extremely small.
【0031】(11) 軸方向に発熱量の異なる部分
を有する複数の発熱体への通電量をそれぞれ同時に独立
に制御するため、発熱手段の軸方向発熱分布の形状を自
由に変化、制御できる。(11) Since the amount of current applied to a plurality of heat generating elements having portions with different amounts of heat generated in the axial direction is simultaneously and independently controlled, the shape of the heat distribution in the axial direction of the heat generating means can be freely changed and controlled.
【0032】(12) 一体成形することにより、支
持部材の持つ耐摩耗性、耐潤滑性、耐熱性を駆動伝達手
段にも持たせることができる。(12) By integrally molding, the drive transmission means can also have the wear resistance, lubrication resistance, and heat resistance that the support member has.
【0033】[0033]
【実施例】図1は本発明の加熱ローラ装置の断面概観図
である。図2及び図3、図4と略同一機能同一名称の部
材には同一番号を付して説明を省略する。本発明の加熱
ローラ装置を電子写真装置等の定着器に用いた場合を説
明する。発熱手段1は大幅の被定着物に対応するまたは
それ以上の長さを有し、長尺な棒状の封体内に、その軸
方向に発熱量の異なる部分から成る発熱体30、31を
挿通し、その両端のシール部9をもって封入するよう構
成され、例えば赤外線ハロゲンランプやセラミックヒー
タ等が用いられる。また、シール部9はそれぞれの発熱
体30、31に対応する端子をその外端部に備えそれぞ
れ独立にまた同時に通電が可能である。発熱手段1は図
示しないがベース7に係合固定している。加熱ローラ4
は例えばアルミニウム、ステンレス、セラミックス等か
ら成る加熱ローラ軸23と、この外周に配設された例え
ば合成ゴム等の弾性層や含フッ素樹脂のコーティング等
より成る表面層22により構成され、その外周の両端部
の直径D1なる第1の円筒面91にて支持部材25によ
り嵌合枢止され、支持部材25と共に発熱手段1のまわ
りを回動する。支持部材25は耐摩耗性、耐潤滑性を有
すると共に耐熱性に優れたベアリング材等を用い、より
具体的にはポリフェニレンサルファイド(PPS)、ポ
リエーテルエーテルケトン(PEEK)、ポリブチレン
テレフタレート(PBT)、ポリエーテルサルフォン(
PES)、ポリイミド(PI)、ポリアミドイミド(P
AI)、4ふっ化エチレン(PTFE)等ふっ素系、ポ
リサルフォン(PSF)、ガラス入りフェノール(PH
)等の合成樹脂を圧縮成形、押出し、射出成形にて所定
の形状に加工し、更に必要に応じてコーティング、含油
等を施した物を用いたり、含油合金や黒鉛、二硫化モリ
ブデン等を用いることも可能である。また、支持部材2
5には加熱ローラ4を駆動する例えば歯車、スプロケッ
ト等の駆動伝達手段36が一体成形されて成る。更にこ
のような摺動材に導電性を付与し、加熱ローラに所定の
電位を与えることが可能となる。好ましくは、101か
ら106Ωcmより好ましくは101から102の体積
抵抗率及びこれ以下の体積抵抗率の材料を用いることが
望ましい。支持部材25は直径D2なる第2の円筒面9
2を有し、ベース7に設けられた穴部に嵌挿されて摺動
回転することにより、加熱ローラ4を枢支回転させる。
また発熱手段1の直径より大きく、第2の円筒面92の
直径以下の直径Dなる開口部93を有し、開口部93に
発熱手段1を挿通せしめる。これにより、第1の円筒面
91と開口部93をつなぎ、加熱ローラ4の解放されて
いた開口端を覆う側面部が形成される。更にこの側面部
には反射手段26が配設されている。発熱手段1には反
射手段27が配設されている。反射手段26、27は発
熱手段1より放射される電磁波(ハロゲンランプの場合
は可視光線から中間赤外線まで)を反射する例えば、金
属面、好ましくは金属鏡面や白色の反射率の高い表面、
材質よりなる。このため発熱手段1から加熱ローラ4の
端部へ向かう電磁波32は反射手段26、27により高
効率で反射された後加熱ローラ軸23へ選択的に放射さ
れる。一方、押圧ローラ6は押圧ローラ軸33とこれに
嵌着された弾性部材28とこれに嵌着された被覆層29
とで構成されている。加圧手段35は押圧ローラ6を加
圧ローラ4に加圧している。弾性部材28は押圧ローラ
6が加圧手段35により加圧ローラ4に所定の圧力にて
所定のニップ幅を保って接触し、かつ十分な耐熱性等を
満足する材料、具体的にはHTVシリコーンゴム、LT
Vシリコーンゴム、RTVシリコーンゴム、ふっ素ゴム
,EPDAゴム等の耐熱性弾性体より成る。被覆層29
は耐摩耗性と耐熱性等を満足する材料、例えばふっ素樹
脂チューブ等から成る。ベース7に保持される加圧手段
35はベアリング34、押圧ローラ軸33を介して押圧
ローラ6を加圧回転させる。DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a heating roller device according to the present invention. Components having substantially the same functions and names as those in FIGS. 2, 3, and 4 are given the same numbers, and description thereof will be omitted. A case will be described in which the heating roller device of the present invention is used in a fixing device of an electrophotographic device or the like. The heat generating means 1 has a length that corresponds to or exceeds the length of the object to be fixed, and heat generating elements 30 and 31 consisting of portions with different heat generation amounts are inserted in the axial direction of the long rod-shaped enclosure. , and is configured to be sealed by sealing portions 9 at both ends thereof, and an infrared halogen lamp, a ceramic heater, or the like is used, for example. Further, the seal portion 9 has terminals corresponding to the respective heating elements 30 and 31 at its outer end, and can be energized independently or simultaneously. Although not shown, the heat generating means 1 is engaged and fixed to the base 7. heating roller 4
is composed of a heating roller shaft 23 made of, for example, aluminum, stainless steel, ceramics, etc., and a surface layer 22 made of, for example, an elastic layer of synthetic rubber or a coating of fluorine-containing resin, etc. The first cylindrical surface 91 having a diameter D1 is fitted and pivoted by the support member 25, and rotates around the heat generating means 1 together with the support member 25. The support member 25 is made of a bearing material that has wear resistance, lubrication resistance, and excellent heat resistance, and more specifically, polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), polyether ether ketone (PEEK), polybutylene terephthalate (PBT). , polyether sulfone (
PES), polyimide (PI), polyamideimide (P
AI), fluorine-based materials such as tetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polysulfone (PSF), glass-filled phenol (PH
) etc. are processed into a specified shape by compression molding, extrusion, or injection molding, and then coated or oil-impregnated as necessary, or oil-impregnated alloys, graphite, molybdenum disulfide, etc. are used. It is also possible. In addition, the support member 2
A drive transmission means 36, such as a gear or a sprocket, for driving the heating roller 4 is integrally formed on the heating roller 5. Furthermore, by imparting electrical conductivity to such a sliding material, it becomes possible to apply a predetermined potential to the heating roller. Preferably, it is desirable to use a material having a volume resistivity of 101 to 106 Ωcm, more preferably 101 to 102, or less. The support member 25 has a second cylindrical surface 9 having a diameter D2.
2, and is fitted into a hole provided in the base 7 and slidably rotated, thereby pivotally rotating the heating roller 4. It also has an opening 93 having a diameter D larger than the diameter of the heat generating means 1 and less than the diameter of the second cylindrical surface 92, and the heat generating means 1 is inserted into the opening 93. This forms a side surface that connects the first cylindrical surface 91 and the opening 93 and covers the open end of the heating roller 4 . Further, a reflecting means 26 is provided on this side surface. The heat generating means 1 is provided with a reflecting means 27. The reflecting means 26 and 27 reflect electromagnetic waves (from visible light to mid-infrared rays in the case of a halogen lamp) emitted from the heating means 1, for example, metal surfaces, preferably metal mirror surfaces or white surfaces with high reflectance.
Made of materials. Therefore, the electromagnetic wave 32 directed from the heating means 1 toward the end of the heating roller 4 is reflected with high efficiency by the reflecting means 26 and 27, and then selectively radiated to the heating roller shaft 23. On the other hand, the pressing roller 6 includes a pressing roller shaft 33, an elastic member 28 fitted onto the pressing roller shaft 33, and a coating layer 29 fitted onto the elastic member 28.
It is made up of. The pressure means 35 presses the pressure roller 6 against the pressure roller 4. The elastic member 28 is made of a material that allows the pressure roller 6 to contact the pressure roller 4 with a predetermined pressure by the pressure means 35 while maintaining a predetermined nip width, and has sufficient heat resistance, etc., specifically, HTV silicone. Rubber, LT
It is made of heat-resistant elastic material such as V silicone rubber, RTV silicone rubber, fluororubber, and EPDA rubber. Covering layer 29
is made of a material that satisfies wear resistance and heat resistance, such as a fluororesin tube. A pressure means 35 held by the base 7 presses and rotates the pressure roller 6 via a bearing 34 and a pressure roller shaft 33.
【0034】図1の構成では加熱ローラ4の両端は支持
部材25により覆われ、支持部材25は開口直径Dを有
するが、発熱手段1に対しわずか大きく設定されている
。好ましくは2mm以下のクリアランスを介して対向し
ている。従ってこのクリアランス部にてオリフィス効果
を持つために空気抵抗は大きく、発熱手段1の輻射熱に
より加熱された加熱ローラ軸の周辺部の高温空気が対流
により開口部から外部へ流出するのを防ぐと同時に、低
温の外気の流入も阻害するため、加熱ローラ内の空気温
度を高温に保てる。また反射手段26、加熱ローラ軸2
3と反射手段27は互いに狭いクリアランスをもって対
向するためこのクリアランス部でも同様の効果をもつ。
更にこのクリアランス部では対向する2面のうち一方は
固定、他方は回転するためラビリンス効果を有し、非常
に大きな空気抵抗をもつため、加熱ローラ4内の高温空
気は適度に保持される。また熱伝導性に優れる金属等か
ら成る加熱ローラ軸端面を反射手段26を介して支持部
材25が覆う。支持部材25は樹脂のような熱伝導性の
低い材質からなり、この断熱効果により加熱ローラ軸端
面から熱が周辺外部へ放散浪費されることがなくなった
。そのうえ、従来、周辺外部へ放散浪費されていた加熱
ローラ端部からの漏洩発熱光は反射手段32により円筒
内部へ反射され、加熱ローラの加熱に供することができ
る。これら効果によって加熱ローラ4の熱効率を非常に
向上させることができた。また結果として、発熱手段1
は小電力で加熱ローラの十分な高温保持が可能となった
。In the configuration shown in FIG. 1, both ends of the heating roller 4 are covered by a support member 25, and the support member 25 has an opening diameter D, which is set slightly larger than the heat generating means 1. Preferably, they face each other with a clearance of 2 mm or less. Therefore, the air resistance is large due to the orifice effect in this clearance part, and at the same time, it prevents the high temperature air around the heating roller shaft heated by the radiant heat of the heat generating means 1 from flowing out through the opening part due to convection. Since the inflow of low-temperature outside air is also inhibited, the air temperature inside the heating roller can be maintained at a high temperature. In addition, the reflecting means 26 and the heating roller shaft 2
3 and the reflecting means 27 face each other with a narrow clearance, so the same effect can be obtained even in this clearance portion. Furthermore, in this clearance section, one of the two opposing surfaces is fixed and the other rotates, resulting in a labyrinth effect and a very large air resistance, so that the high temperature air within the heating roller 4 is maintained at an appropriate level. Further, the support member 25 covers the end face of the heating roller shaft made of metal or the like having excellent thermal conductivity via the reflecting means 26. The support member 25 is made of a material with low thermal conductivity such as resin, and its heat insulating effect prevents heat from being dissipated and wasted from the end surface of the heating roller shaft to the outside. Furthermore, the leaked heat generated light from the end of the heating roller, which conventionally was dissipated and wasted outside the periphery, is reflected into the cylinder by the reflecting means 32 and can be used to heat the heating roller. These effects made it possible to greatly improve the thermal efficiency of the heating roller 4. As a result, the heating means 1
It is now possible to maintain the heating roller at a sufficiently high temperature with a small amount of electric power.
【0035】空気の対流と加熱ローラ軸の解放両端部か
らの熱放散を防止できたため、加熱ローラ4の軸方向の
温度分布は略均一となった。両端部での低温や中央部で
の異常な高温が防止され、トナーの加熱ローラへの付着
(高温オフセット)のない安定した印字品質が確保され
、加熱ローラ、押圧ローラの部材の熱劣化のない耐久性
に優れた装置が実現できた。更に支持部材25は熱伝導
性が小さいため加熱ローラから離れた位置に配置される
第2の円筒面92ではその温度は低く保持されるため、
摺動部の摩擦トルクの増加や甚だしきは焼付き等の装置
の停止にいたるという致命欠陥は皆無となり、装置の機
械的信頼性を向上させた。Since air convection and heat dissipation from both open ends of the heating roller shaft were prevented, the temperature distribution in the axial direction of the heating roller 4 became substantially uniform. Low temperatures at both ends and abnormally high temperatures at the center are prevented, ensuring stable print quality without toner adhesion to the heating roller (high temperature offset), and no thermal deterioration of the heating roller or pressure roller components. We were able to create a device with excellent durability. Furthermore, since the support member 25 has low thermal conductivity, the temperature of the second cylindrical surface 92 located away from the heating roller is maintained low.
The mechanical reliability of the device has been improved, with no fatal defects such as an increase in frictional torque in sliding parts or even seizures that could cause the device to stop.
【0036】空気の対流と加熱ローラ軸23の解放両端
部からの熱放散を防止でき、また、装置の低消費電力化
のため、周辺部のベース7への加熱が少なくベース7の
温度不均一によるベース7の熱歪が小さくなるため、こ
れに装着される他の部材との相対位置精度は一定に保た
れ被定着物(例えば紙)のシワ、カール、変形等のない
良好な定着が可能となった。また、装置内の温度上昇が
小さく抑えられるため、像担持体や紙、トナーの特性を
変化させず安定した印字特性を確保できた。更に、支持
部材25、反射手段26、27により、発熱手段のシー
ル部9は加熱ローラ軸23の大開口部から高温の空気対
流のみならず輻射熱で加熱されることなく低温に保てる
構成であり、シール部9の高温劣化は抑止されるため発
熱手段1の寿命を長く保ち装置の機械的信頼性を向上さ
せた。It is possible to prevent air convection and heat dissipation from both open ends of the heating roller shaft 23, and to reduce power consumption of the device, there is little heating of the base 7 in the peripheral area, resulting in uneven temperature of the base 7. Since the thermal distortion of the base 7 due to the fixation is reduced, the relative positional accuracy with other members attached to the base 7 is kept constant, and it is possible to perform good fixing without wrinkling, curling, deformation, etc. of the fixing object (for example, paper). It became. Additionally, since the temperature rise inside the device was suppressed to a small level, stable printing characteristics could be ensured without changing the characteristics of the image carrier, paper, or toner. Furthermore, by the support member 25 and the reflection means 26 and 27, the seal portion 9 of the heating means can be kept at a low temperature without being heated not only by high-temperature air convection but also by radiant heat from the large opening of the heating roller shaft 23. Since high-temperature deterioration of the seal portion 9 is suppressed, the life of the heat generating means 1 is kept long and the mechanical reliability of the device is improved.
【0037】発熱手段1のシール部9への熱伝達を極力
小さく抑えることができたため、定着幅L1、加熱ロー
ラ幅L2に対する放熱長さL4が非常に小さくできるこ
とにより、発熱手段1長L3は小さくなり、装置の小型
軽量化が実現できると共に発熱手段1や加熱ローラ4の
コストを下げることが可能となった。Since the heat transfer to the seal portion 9 of the heat generating means 1 can be suppressed to a minimum, the heat dissipation length L4 with respect to the fixing width L1 and the heating roller width L2 can be made very small, so that the length L3 of the heat generating means 1 can be made small. This makes it possible to reduce the size and weight of the device, and to reduce the cost of the heat generating means 1 and the heating roller 4.
【0038】反射手段26、27による高効率の反射と
支持部材25、反射手段26、27、加熱ローラ軸23
による狭いクリアランス構成により、加熱ローラ軸の解
放両端部から加熱光が漏洩することがほとんどなく、像
担持体に対する特別な遮光手段が不要となった。Highly efficient reflection by the reflecting means 26 and 27, the supporting member 25, the reflecting means 26 and 27, and the heating roller shaft 23
Due to the narrow clearance structure, there is almost no leakage of heating light from both open ends of the heating roller shaft, and no special light shielding means for the image carrier is required.
【0039】加熱ローラ4外周の表面層22は支持部材
25と第1の円筒面91にて加熱ローラ4によって嵌合
枢支されるが、この部分での摺動はなく耐摩耗性、耐潤
滑性が要求されることはないため、耐熱離型性のみ最も
優れた材質を用いればよい。このため高温オフセットが
容易に防止できた。また、摺動摩耗がないため、支持部
材25と加熱ローラ4の間に摩耗偏心はなく、加熱ロー
ラ4と押圧ローラ6は一定して接触し、安定した定着が
可能となった。仮に摩擦トルクの増加等があっても嵌合
枢支力が向上し一層の固定強度が確保され、望ましい効
果が得られた。従って表面層22は加熱ローラ軸全面に
一度に施すことができ、追加工、マスキング等の特別な
工程は不要であり品質も安定した。The surface layer 22 on the outer periphery of the heating roller 4 is fitted and pivotally supported by the heating roller 4 at the support member 25 and the first cylindrical surface 91, but there is no sliding at this part and the surface layer 22 is wear resistant and lubrication resistant. Since properties are not required, it is only necessary to use a material with the best heat-resistant mold release properties. Therefore, high temperature offset could be easily prevented. Further, since there is no sliding wear, there is no wear eccentricity between the support member 25 and the heating roller 4, and the heating roller 4 and the pressing roller 6 are in constant contact, making stable fixing possible. Even if there was an increase in friction torque, the fitting pivot force was improved, further securing strength was ensured, and desirable effects were obtained. Therefore, the surface layer 22 can be applied to the entire surface of the heating roller shaft at once, no special processes such as additional machining or masking are required, and the quality is also stable.
【0040】加熱ローラ軸23はフランジ等のない一定
厚のパイプで構成できるため、簡単な構造であり、価格
も低廉である。フランジがないため、特殊加工も不要で
あり、ローラの製造管理、装置の保守管理も簡素化され
た。またフランジ部への応力集中もなく加熱ローラ軸2
3は薄肉に構成できるため、熱容量が小さく加熱ローラ
4の熱応答特性が速くなり、サイズの異なる被定着物の
連続定着時、始動時のウォームアップ時間の短縮を実現
できた。Since the heating roller shaft 23 can be constructed from a pipe having a constant thickness without flanges or the like, it has a simple structure and is inexpensive. Since there are no flanges, no special processing is required, simplifying roller manufacturing management and equipment maintenance management. In addition, there is no stress concentration on the flange, and the heating roller shaft 2
3 can be configured to have a thin wall, so that the heat capacity of the heating roller 4 is small and the thermal response characteristics of the heating roller 4 are fast, and it is possible to shorten the warm-up time at the time of start-up and when continuously fixing objects of different sizes.
【0041】加熱ローラ4は押圧ローラ6から数kgか
ら数十kgの予圧加重を受けつつ回動する。回転摺動部
である支持部材25の第2の円筒面92の半径は、加熱
ローラ4の半径より小径となり、またこの部分での温度
は低温に保持されるため、摩擦係数の増加もなく回動に
要するトルクは非常に小さくなり、小出力、小型軽量の
駆動モータで十分機能するため、装置の低価格化、小型
軽量化、低消費電力化を実現した。The heating roller 4 rotates while receiving a preload load of several kg to several tens of kg from the pressure roller 6. The radius of the second cylindrical surface 92 of the support member 25, which is a rotating and sliding part, is smaller than the radius of the heating roller 4, and the temperature in this part is kept low, so rotation can be performed without increasing the coefficient of friction. The torque required for movement is extremely small, and a small, lightweight drive motor with low output is sufficient to function, making the device lower in price, smaller in size, lighter in weight, and lower in power consumption.
【0042】支持部材25には加熱ローラ4を駆動する
例えば歯車、スプロケット等の駆動伝達手段36が一体
成形されて成るため、専用の歯車等やこれを固接するキ
ー、スプライン等が不要となり、部品点数、加工の低減
ができた。また、支持部材25の材質は耐摩耗性、耐潤
滑性を有すると共に耐熱性に優れたベアリング材等を用
いるため駆動伝達用としても最適である。Since the support member 25 is integrally formed with a drive transmission means 36 such as a gear or a sprocket for driving the heating roller 4, there is no need for a dedicated gear or a key, a spline, etc. to firmly connect the gear, and there are no parts required. We were able to reduce the number of points and processing. Further, since the material of the support member 25 is a bearing material having wear resistance, lubrication resistance, and excellent heat resistance, it is also suitable for use in drive transmission.
【0043】支持部材25に導電性を付与し、加熱ロー
ラに所定の電位を与えることが可能となり、例えばゼロ
レベルにたもつことにより被定着物である紙、トナーの
帯電や接触摩擦による加熱ローラの帯電を除去できる。
更に、紙、トナーと逆極性の電位を付与することで静電
気の反発力により加熱ローラからの紙、トナーの離型性
を大幅に向上できた。このため紙の加熱ローラへの巻付
き、紙ジャムに伴う発煙、発火を防止し装置の信頼性を
向上させるとともに、オフセットをなくし印字品質を高
めた。By imparting conductivity to the support member 25, it becomes possible to apply a predetermined potential to the heating roller. For example, by keeping it at zero level, the heating roller is charged by charging the paper or toner that is the object to be fixed, and by contact friction. Can remove static electricity. Furthermore, by applying a potential with a polarity opposite to that of the paper and toner, the releasability of the paper and toner from the heating roller was significantly improved due to the repulsive force of static electricity. This improves the reliability of the device by preventing paper from wrapping around the heating roller, smoke and fire caused by paper jams, and improves print quality by eliminating offset.
【0044】図5は本発明の加熱ローラ装置の半径方向
の断面図である。1本の発熱手段1はその軸方向に発熱
量の異なる部分から成る発熱体30、31を挿通し、そ
の両端のシール部9をもって封入するよう構成され、表
面層22と加熱ローラ軸23から成る加熱ローラ4の円
筒内に挿通し、それぞれを独立にまた同時に通電可能に
したため、一方の発熱体が点灯加熱する際に、その輻射
熱がごく少量他方の発熱体に吸収されるに留まり輻射熱
のほとんどは加熱ローラ4の発熱に寄与する。このため
加熱ローラ4の温度は加熱ローラ4の中心37に対し略
点対称形となる。矢印38は加熱ローラ4の円周方向の
温度を表し、実線39は温度分布を示す。温度分布は加
熱ローラ4の中心37に対し略円形となる。このように
損失の少ない高熱効率かつ均一な温度分布を有する加熱
ローラ装置が実現できた。FIG. 5 is a radial cross-sectional view of the heating roller device of the present invention. One heat generating means 1 is constructed so that heat generating elements 30 and 31 consisting of parts having different heat generation amounts are inserted in the axial direction thereof and sealed with seals 9 at both ends thereof, and is composed of a surface layer 22 and a heating roller shaft 23. Because it is inserted into the cylinder of the heating roller 4 and can be energized independently and simultaneously, when one heating element lights up and heats up, only a small amount of its radiant heat is absorbed by the other heating element, and most of the radiant heat is absorbed by the other heating element. contributes to the heat generation of the heating roller 4. Therefore, the temperature of the heating roller 4 is approximately symmetrical with respect to the center 37 of the heating roller 4. The arrow 38 represents the temperature in the circumferential direction of the heating roller 4, and the solid line 39 represents the temperature distribution. The temperature distribution is approximately circular with respect to the center 37 of the heating roller 4. In this way, a heating roller device with low loss, high thermal efficiency, and uniform temperature distribution was realized.
【0045】図6は本発明の加熱ローラ装置の他の一例
の断面図である。図1と略同一機能同一名称の部材には
同一番号を付して説明を省略する。加熱ローラ4はその
内周の両端部の直径D3なる第1の円筒面にて支持部材
45により嵌合枢止され支持部材45と共に発熱手段1
のまわりを回動する。支持部材45は小径、コンパクト
となり剛性が増加するため、加圧手段35の加圧に対す
る変形が小さく両ローラが安定して接触する。また、使
用量が少ないためコストダウンになった。さらに支持部
材45が導電性を有する場合、アルミニウム、ステンレ
ス等から成る加圧ローラ軸に直接、圧入、焼きばめにて
固着できるため第1の円筒面での電気的な接触抵抗は非
常に小さくできた。反射手段46は支持部材45の端面
に配置され、従来、周辺外部へ放散浪費されていた加熱
ローラ端部からの漏洩発熱光は反射手段46により円筒
内部へ反射され、加熱ローラの加熱に供することができ
る。図1の構成とは異なり反射手段27がないが、反射
手段46、27どちらか一方でも十分な電磁波の反射、
封入効果が得られる。また、反射手段46は支持部材4
5を白色や金属色系といった反射率の高い色の材料で構
成したり、反射率の高い色のコーティングを施すことに
より構成することが可能である。FIG. 6 is a sectional view of another example of the heating roller device of the present invention. Components having substantially the same functions and names as those in FIG. 1 are given the same numbers and their explanations will be omitted. The heating roller 4 is fitted and pivoted by a support member 45 at a first cylindrical surface having a diameter D3 at both ends of its inner periphery, and together with the support member 45, the heat generating means 1
rotate around. The support member 45 has a small diameter, is compact, and has increased rigidity, so that the deformation due to the pressure applied by the pressure means 35 is small, and both rollers stably contact each other. In addition, the cost was reduced because the amount used was small. Furthermore, if the support member 45 is conductive, it can be directly fixed to the pressure roller shaft made of aluminum, stainless steel, etc. by press-fitting or shrink-fitting, so the electrical contact resistance on the first cylindrical surface is very small. did it. The reflecting means 46 is disposed on the end face of the support member 45, and the leaked heat generated from the end of the heating roller, which conventionally was dissipated to the outside, is reflected inside the cylinder by the reflecting means 46, and is used to heat the heating roller. Can be done. Unlike the configuration of FIG. 1, there is no reflecting means 27, but either reflecting means 46, 27 can sufficiently reflect electromagnetic waves.
Encapsulation effect can be obtained. Further, the reflecting means 46 is connected to the supporting member 4.
5 can be made of a material with a high reflectance color such as white or metallic, or by applying a coating with a high reflectance color.
【0046】図7は本発明の加熱ローラ装置の更に他の
一例の断面図である。図1、図6と略同一機能同一名称
の部材には同一番号を付して説明を省略する。支持部材
45は加熱ローラ軸23の開口部を塞ぎ、反射手段50
、発熱手段1、加熱ローラ軸23とともに構成する狭い
クリアランスにより高温空気の外部への移動が抑止され
、反射手段50により端部からの漏洩輻射熱は微量にな
るため、発熱手段のシール部9を支持部材45の内部に
配置し、加熱ローラ4と重なる位置に配設してもシール
部9の温度を使用範囲内にできる。このため、シール部
および放熱長さL4によって長尺になっていた発熱手段
1の長さを小さくし、両支持部材間の距離L5以下に抑
えることができ、デッドスペースを削減し、装置のコン
パクト化が可能となった。FIG. 7 is a sectional view of still another example of the heating roller device of the present invention. Components having substantially the same functions and names as those in FIGS. 1 and 6 are given the same numbers, and description thereof will be omitted. The support member 45 closes the opening of the heating roller shaft 23 and the reflection means 50
, the narrow clearance formed together with the heat generating means 1 and the heating roller shaft 23 prevents the movement of high temperature air to the outside, and the reflection means 50 reduces the amount of leakage radiant heat from the end, so the seal part 9 of the heat generating means is supported. Even if it is placed inside the member 45 and placed in a position overlapping the heating roller 4, the temperature of the seal portion 9 can be kept within the usable range. Therefore, the length of the heat generating means 1, which was long due to the sealing part and the heat radiation length L4, can be reduced and the distance between both support members can be kept to less than L5, reducing dead space and making the device more compact. became possible.
【0047】図8は本発明の加熱ローラ装置の発熱手段
の一例の説明図である。加熱ローラの円筒内に軸方向に
伸びる長尺の発熱手段1が配置され、これには発熱体3
1と30が配置されている。図8(A)に示すように、
発熱体30においては長さL6、L7なる両端部が、長
さL8なる中央部よりも単位長さ当りの発熱量(以下は
単に発熱量と呼ぶ)が高くなるように配光されている。
発熱体31においては長さL9、L10なる両端部が、
長さL11なる中央部よりも発熱量が低くなるように配
光されている。また、長さL20は最大幅の被定着物に
対応し、長さL11は小幅の被定着物に対応している。
図8(B)、(C)、(D)において、横軸Lは装置の
長さを示し、縦軸Hは発熱量を示す。図8(B)は発熱
体30の発熱量分布60を示す。両端部の発熱量H1は
、加熱ローラ両端からの熱伝達を補償するため中央部の
発熱量H2よりも若干高くなっている。図8(C)は発
熱体31の発熱量分布61を示す。小幅な被定着物が通
過する中央部の発熱量H4に対し、被定着物の通過しな
い両端部でも保温のため発熱量H3を設定する。小幅の
被定着物を定着する場合は発熱体31のみを通電し、両
端部の温度も所定値に保つ。連続して大幅の被定着物を
定着する場合は、発熱体30のみを通電する。これによ
り被定着物の切り替え時に、両端部は余熱されているた
め定着温度に達するまでの時間が短縮できる。また、図
8(C)は発熱体30、31に同時に通電を行った場合
の発熱量分布62を示す。発熱体31には中央部にて発
熱量H8になるように通電を行う場合の発熱量分布63
を図中一点鎖線にて示す。一方、発熱体30には中央部
にて発熱量H9になるように通電を行う場合の発熱量分
布64を図中破線にて示す。両者を同時に通電した場合
はこれらの加算となり中央部にて発熱量H5、両端部に
て発熱量H6、それらの中間部にて発熱量H7なる図中
実線にて示される発熱量分布62が得られる。小幅の被
定着物が通過している場合の両端の非通過部でも両端に
なればなるほど熱伝達による損失は大きいため、これを
補償するため最端部の発熱量H6は中間部の発熱量H7
よりも大きくすることが望ましい。発熱量分布62は中
央部H5>両端部H6>中間部H7なる発熱量を有する
ためより一層良好な発熱状態を可能とした。更に、発熱
体30、31への通電量をそれぞれ独立に変化させるこ
とにより、中央部H5、両端部H6、中間部H7なる発
熱量は、これらの比率を自由に選択することができた。
また、温度センサを発熱手段1の軸方向に配置し、それ
ぞれの発熱体への通電量をフィードバック制御すれば、
なお効果的である。このように発熱手段1の軸方向の発
熱量分布形状(換言すれば加熱ローラの温度分布)を自
由に変化、制御することが可能となった。このため被定
着物の温度、湿度、及び厚さの変化による加熱ローラの
温度変化に自由に対応制御できる発熱手段が実現できた
。FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram of an example of the heating means of the heating roller device of the present invention. A long heat generating means 1 extending in the axial direction is disposed inside the cylinder of the heating roller, and includes a heat generating element 3.
1 and 30 are placed. As shown in FIG. 8(A),
In the heat generating element 30, the light is distributed such that both end portions having lengths L6 and L7 have a higher calorific value per unit length (hereinafter simply referred to as calorific value) than the central portion having length L8. Both ends of the heating element 31 have lengths L9 and L10,
The light is distributed so that the amount of heat generated is lower than that at the central portion, which has a length L11. Further, the length L20 corresponds to a maximum width object to be fixed, and the length L11 corresponds to a narrow object to be fixed. In FIGS. 8(B), (C), and (D), the horizontal axis L indicates the length of the device, and the vertical axis H indicates the amount of heat generated. FIG. 8(B) shows a calorific value distribution 60 of the heating element 30. The amount of heat generated H1 at both ends is slightly higher than the amount of heat generated H2 at the center in order to compensate for heat transfer from both ends of the heating roller. FIG. 8(C) shows a calorific value distribution 61 of the heating element 31. In contrast to the heat generation amount H4 at the central portion through which the narrow object to be fixed passes, the amount of heat generation H3 is set at both ends where the object to be fixed does not pass in order to keep warm. When fixing a narrow object to be fixed, only the heating element 31 is energized to maintain the temperature at both ends at a predetermined value. When fixing a large object to be fixed continuously, only the heating element 30 is energized. As a result, when switching the object to be fixed, since both ends are preheated, the time required to reach the fixing temperature can be shortened. Moreover, FIG. 8(C) shows a calorific value distribution 62 when the heating elements 30 and 31 are energized at the same time. Calorific value distribution 63 when the heating element 31 is energized so that the calorific value H8 is generated at the central part
is shown by the dashed-dotted line in the figure. On the other hand, a broken line in the figure shows a calorific value distribution 64 when the heating element 30 is energized so that the calorific value H9 is generated at the central portion. When both are energized at the same time, the addition of these results in the heat generation distribution 62 shown by the solid line in the figure, which is the heat generation amount H5 at the center, the heat generation amount H6 at both ends, and the heat generation amount H7 at the middle part. It will be done. Even in the non-passing areas at both ends when a narrow object is passing through, the closer you get to both ends, the greater the loss due to heat transfer.To compensate for this, the amount of heat generated at the extreme end H6 is equal to the amount of heat generated at the middle portion H7.
It is desirable to make it larger than . Since the calorific value distribution 62 has a calorific value such that the central portion H5>both end portions H6>middle portion H7, an even better heat generating state can be achieved. Furthermore, by independently changing the amount of electricity applied to the heating elements 30 and 31, the ratio of the amount of heat generated at the central portion H5, both end portions H6, and the intermediate portion H7 could be freely selected. Furthermore, if a temperature sensor is placed in the axial direction of the heat generating means 1 and the amount of current applied to each heat generating element is feedback-controlled,
Furthermore, it is effective. In this way, it has become possible to freely change and control the axial calorific value distribution shape of the heat generating means 1 (in other words, the temperature distribution of the heating roller). Therefore, it has been possible to realize a heat generating means that can freely respond to and control changes in the temperature of the heating roller due to changes in temperature, humidity, and thickness of the object to be fixed.
【0048】図9は本発明の加熱ローラ装置の発熱手段
の他の一例の説明図である。図9(A)は発熱手段1の
構造を示し、図9(B)は発熱体51の発熱量分布71
を示し、図9(C)は発熱体52の発熱量分布72を示
し、図9(D)は発熱体53の発熱量分布73を示し、
図9(E)、図9(F)は発熱手段1の発熱量分布を示
す。図9(A)に示すように発熱手段1には発熱体51
、52、53が配置されている。横軸Lは装置の長さを
示し、縦軸Hは発熱量を示す。発熱体51は長さL12
にわたり発熱量H10をもち発光する。長さL12は第
1の幅の被定着物に対する実効発熱長に対応している。
発熱体52は発熱量H11なる長さL13の部分と発熱
量H12なる長さL14の部分より構成され、長さL1
3は第2の幅の被定着物に対する実効発熱長に対応して
いる。長さL14は第2の幅の被定着物が通過しない余
熱の部分に対応している。発熱体53は発熱量H13な
る長さL16の部分と発熱量H14なる長さL15の部
分より構成され、長さL16は第3の幅の被定着物に対
する実効発熱長に対応している。長さL15は第3の幅
の被定着物が通過しない余熱の部分に対応している。第
1、第2、第3の幅の被定着物を定着する場合は、発熱
体51、52、53それぞれを独立に通電加熱すればよ
く、好ましくは、第2、第3の幅の被定着物を定着する
場合は、発熱体51と52、51と53の組合せにてそ
れぞれを同時独立に通電加熱し、軸方向の発熱量分布を
変化させることができ、被定着物等の環境変化による加
熱ローラの温度分布変動を制御可能にした。発熱体52
、53の長さL13とL16の重なる部分の長さL17
は第4の幅の被定着物の実効発熱長に対応している。図
9(E)は発熱体52、53に同時に通電を行った場合
の発熱量分布74を示す。発熱体52にはL13にて発
熱量H14になるように通電を行う場合の発熱量分布7
5を図中破線にて示す。一方、発熱体53にはL16に
て発熱量H15になるように通電を行う場合の発熱量分
布76を図中一点鎖線にて示す。両者を同時に通電した
場合はこれらの加算となりL17にて発熱量H16、両
端部にて発熱量H17、H24になる図中実線にて示さ
れる発熱量分布74が得られる。また、これに発熱体5
1を同時独立に通電することも可能である。図9(F)
は発熱体51、52、53に同時に通電を行った場合の
発熱量分布77を示す。発熱体51にはL12にて発熱
量H20になるように通電を行う場合の発熱量分布80
を図中二点鎖線にて示す。発熱体52にはL13にて発
熱量H18になるように通電を行う場合の発熱量分布7
8を図中破線にて示す。一方、発熱体53にはL16に
て発熱量H19になるように通電を行う場合の発熱量分
布79を図中一点鎖線にて示す。三者を同時に通電した
場合はこれらの加算となりL17にて発熱量H21、両
端部にて発熱量H22、H23になる図中実線にて示さ
れる発熱量分布77が得られる。発熱体51、52、5
3への通電量をそれぞれ独立に変化させることにより、
H21、H22、H23なる発熱量はこれらの比率を自
由に選択することができた。また、温度センサ54、5
5、56を発熱手段1の軸方向に(例えば図9(A)で
は二点鎖線にて示す加熱ローラ軸23の上方に)配置し
検出し更に例えばCPU等を用いて所定のアルゴリズム
によりそれぞれの発熱体への通電量をフィードバック制
御すればなお効果的である。このため被定着物の幅だけ
でなく、温度、湿度、及び厚さの変化による加熱ローラ
の温度変化及び温度分布変化に自由に対応制御できる発
熱手段が実現できた。FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram of another example of the heating means of the heating roller device of the present invention. 9(A) shows the structure of the heat generating means 1, and FIG. 9(B) shows the calorific value distribution 71 of the heating element 51.
9(C) shows the calorific value distribution 72 of the heating element 52, FIG. 9(D) shows the calorific value distribution 73 of the heating element 53,
9(E) and 9(F) show the calorific value distribution of the heat generating means 1. FIG. As shown in FIG. 9(A), the heating means 1 includes a heating element 51.
, 52, 53 are arranged. The horizontal axis L indicates the length of the device, and the vertical axis H indicates the amount of heat generated. The heating element 51 has a length L12
It emits light with a calorific value H10. The length L12 corresponds to the effective heat generation length for the object to be fixed with the first width. The heating element 52 is composed of a portion with a length L13 having a calorific value H11 and a portion having a length L14 with a calorific value H12, and has a length L1.
3 corresponds to the effective heat generation length for the object to be fixed having the second width. The length L14 corresponds to a residual heat portion through which the second width of the object to be fixed does not pass. The heating element 53 is composed of a length L16 portion with a heat generation amount H13 and a length L15 portion with a heat generation amount H14, and the length L16 corresponds to the effective heat generation length for the object to be fixed having the third width. The length L15 corresponds to a residual heat portion through which the third width of the object to be fixed does not pass. When fixing objects having the first, second, and third widths, each of the heating elements 51, 52, and 53 may be electrically heated independently. When fixing an object, the heat generating elements 51 and 52 and 51 and 53 are used in combination to energize and heat each of them simultaneously and independently, thereby changing the distribution of heat generation in the axial direction. It is now possible to control the temperature distribution fluctuations of the heating roller. heating element 52
, 53 length L17 of the overlapping part of length L13 and L16
corresponds to the effective heat generation length of the object to be fixed having the fourth width. FIG. 9E shows a calorific value distribution 74 when the heating elements 52 and 53 are energized simultaneously. Calorific value distribution 7 when the heating element 52 is energized so that the calorific value H14 is obtained at L13
5 is indicated by a broken line in the figure. On the other hand, a calorific value distribution 76 in the case where the heating element 53 is energized to have a calorific value H15 at L16 is shown by a dashed line in the figure. When both are energized at the same time, they are added, and a heat generation amount distribution 74 shown by a solid line in the figure is obtained, with the heat generation amount H16 at L17 and the heat generation amounts H17 and H24 at both ends. In addition, a heating element 5 is added to this.
1 can be energized simultaneously and independently. Figure 9(F)
shows a calorific value distribution 77 when the heating elements 51, 52, and 53 are energized at the same time. Calorific value distribution 80 when the heating element 51 is energized to have a calorific value H20 at L12
is shown by the chain double-dashed line in the figure. Calorific value distribution 7 when the heating element 52 is energized to have a calorific value H18 at L13
8 is indicated by a broken line in the figure. On the other hand, a calorific value distribution 79 in the case where the heating element 53 is energized to have a calorific value H19 at L16 is shown by a dashed line in the figure. When the three are energized at the same time, the addition of these results in the heat generation amount H21 at L17, and the heat generation amount H22 and H23 at both ends, resulting in a heat generation distribution 77 shown by a solid line in the figure. Heating elements 51, 52, 5
By independently changing the amount of electricity applied to 3,
The ratio of the calorific values of H21, H22, and H23 could be freely selected. In addition, temperature sensors 54, 5
5 and 56 in the axial direction of the heat generating means 1 (for example, above the heating roller shaft 23 indicated by the two-dot chain line in FIG. It is even more effective if the amount of current applied to the heating element is controlled by feedback. As a result, it has been possible to realize a heat generating means that can be freely controlled to respond not only to the width of the object to be fixed, but also to changes in the temperature of the heating roller and changes in temperature distribution due to changes in temperature, humidity, and thickness.
【0049】[0049]
【発明の効果】以上述べたように本発明によれば、(1
) 図1の構成では加熱ローラ4の両端は支持部材2
5により覆われ、支持部材25は開口直径Dを有するが
、発熱手段1に対しわずか大きく設定されている。好ま
しくは2mm以下のクリアランスを介して対向している
。従ってこのクリアランス部にてオリフィス効果をもつ
ために空気抵抗は大きく、発熱手段1の輻射熱により加
熱された加熱ローラ軸の周辺部の高温空気が対流により
開口部から外部へ流出するのを防ぐと同時に、低温の外
気の流入も阻害するため、加熱ローラ内の空気温度を高
温に保てる。また反射手段26、加熱ローラ軸23と反
射手段27は互いに狭いクリアランスをもって対向する
ためこのクリアランス部でも同様の効果をもつ。更にこ
のクリアランス部では対向する2面のうち一方は固定、
他方は回転するためラビリンス効果を有し、非常に大き
な空気抵抗をもつため、加熱ローラ4内の高温空気は適
度に保持される。また熱伝導性に優れる金属等から成る
加熱ローラ軸端面を反射手段26を介して支持部材25
が覆う。支持部材25は樹脂のような熱伝導性の低い材
質からなり、この断熱効果により加熱ローラ軸端面から
熱が周辺外部へ放散浪費されることがなくなった。
そのうえ、従来、周辺外部へ放散浪費されていた加熱ロ
ーラ端部からの漏洩発熱光は反射手段32により円筒内
部へ反射され、加熱ローラの加熱に供することができる
。これら効果によって加熱ローラ4の熱効率を非常に向
上させることができた。また結果として、発熱手段1は
小電力で加熱ローラの十分な高温保持が可能となった。[Effects of the Invention] As described above, according to the present invention, (1
) In the configuration of FIG. 1, both ends of the heating roller 4 are connected to the support members 2.
5, the support member 25 has an opening diameter D, which is set slightly larger than the heat generating means 1. Preferably, they face each other with a clearance of 2 mm or less. Therefore, the air resistance is large due to the orifice effect in this clearance, and at the same time, it prevents the high temperature air around the heating roller shaft heated by the radiant heat of the heat generating means 1 from flowing out through the opening due to convection. Since the inflow of low-temperature outside air is also inhibited, the air temperature inside the heating roller can be maintained at a high temperature. Further, since the reflecting means 26, the heating roller shaft 23, and the reflecting means 27 face each other with a narrow clearance, the same effect can be obtained even in this clearance portion. Furthermore, in this clearance part, one of the two opposing surfaces is fixed,
The other roller has a labyrinth effect because it rotates and has a very large air resistance, so the high temperature air inside the heating roller 4 is maintained at an appropriate level. In addition, the end surface of the heating roller shaft made of metal or the like having excellent thermal conductivity is connected to the supporting member 25 through the reflecting means 26.
covers. The support member 25 is made of a material with low thermal conductivity such as resin, and its heat insulating effect prevents heat from being dissipated and wasted from the end surface of the heating roller shaft to the outside. Furthermore, the leaked heat generated light from the end of the heating roller, which conventionally was dissipated and wasted outside the periphery, is reflected into the cylinder by the reflecting means 32 and can be used to heat the heating roller. These effects made it possible to significantly improve the thermal efficiency of the heating roller 4. Moreover, as a result, the heating means 1 can maintain the heating roller at a sufficiently high temperature with a small amount of electric power.
【0050】(2) 空気の対流と加熱ローラ軸の解
放両端部からの熱放散を防止できたため、加熱ローラ4
の軸方向の温度分布は略均一となった。両端部での低温
や中央部での異常な高温が防止され、トナーの加熱ロー
ラへの付着(高温オフセット)のない安定した印字品質
が確保され、加熱ローラ、押圧ローラの部材の熱劣化の
ない耐久性に優れた装置が実現できた。更に支持部材2
5は熱伝導性が小さいため加熱ローラから離れた位置に
配置される第2の円筒面92ではその温度は低く保持さ
れるため、摺動部の摩擦トルクの増加や甚だしきは焼付
き等の装置の停止にいたるという致命欠陥は皆無となり
、装置の機械的信頼性を向上させた。(2) Since air convection and heat dissipation from both open ends of the heating roller shaft were prevented, the heating roller 4
The temperature distribution in the axial direction was approximately uniform. Low temperatures at both ends and abnormally high temperatures at the center are prevented, ensuring stable print quality without toner adhesion to the heating roller (high temperature offset), and no thermal deterioration of the heating roller or pressure roller components. We were able to create a device with excellent durability. Furthermore, support member 2
5 has low thermal conductivity, so the temperature is kept low on the second cylindrical surface 92 located away from the heating roller, resulting in an increase in the frictional torque of the sliding part and even problems such as seizure. There were no fatal flaws that would cause the system to stop, improving the mechanical reliability of the equipment.
【0051】(3) 空気の対流と加熱ローラ軸23
の解放両端部からの熱放散を防止でき、また、装置の低
消費電力化のため、周辺部のベース7への加熱が少なく
ベース7の温度不均一によるベース7の熱歪が小さくな
るため、これに装着される他の部材との相対位置精度は
一定に保たれ被定着物(例えば紙)のシワ、カール、変
形等のない良好な定着が可能となった。また、装置内の
温度上昇が小さく抑えられるため、像担持体や紙、トナ
ーの特性を変化させず安定した印字特性を確保できた。
更に、支持部材25、反射手段26、27により、発熱
手段のシール部9は加熱ローラ軸23の大開口部から高
温の空気対流のみならず輻射熱で加熱されることなく低
温に保てる構成であり、シール部9の高温劣化は抑止さ
れるため発熱手段1の寿命を長く保ち装置の機械的信頼
性を向上させた。(3) Air convection and heating roller shaft 23
It is possible to prevent heat dissipation from both open ends of the device, and to reduce the power consumption of the device, there is less heating of the base 7 in the peripheral area, and thermal distortion of the base 7 due to uneven temperature of the base 7 is reduced. The relative positional accuracy with respect to other members attached thereto is maintained constant, making it possible to perform good fixing without wrinkling, curling, deformation, etc. of the fixing object (for example, paper). Additionally, since the temperature rise inside the device was suppressed to a small level, stable printing characteristics could be ensured without changing the characteristics of the image carrier, paper, or toner. Furthermore, by the support member 25 and the reflection means 26 and 27, the seal portion 9 of the heating means can be kept at a low temperature without being heated not only by high-temperature air convection but also by radiant heat from the large opening of the heating roller shaft 23. Since high-temperature deterioration of the seal portion 9 is suppressed, the life of the heat generating means 1 is kept long and the mechanical reliability of the device is improved.
【0052】(4) 発熱手段1のシール部9への熱
伝達を極力小さく抑えることができたため、定着幅L1
、加熱ローラ幅L2に対する放熱長さL4が非常に小さ
くできることにより、発熱手段1長L3は小さくなり、
装置の小型軽量化が実現できると共に発熱手段1や加熱
ローラ4のコストを下げることが可能となった。(4) Since the heat transfer from the heat generating means 1 to the seal portion 9 could be suppressed to a minimum, the fixing width L1
, by making the heat radiation length L4 with respect to the heating roller width L2 very small, the length L3 of the heat generating means 1 becomes small,
The device can be made smaller and lighter, and the cost of the heat generating means 1 and the heating roller 4 can be reduced.
【0053】(5) 反射手段26、27による高効
率の反射と支持部材25、反射手段26、27、加熱ロ
ーラ軸23による狭いクリアランス構成により、加熱ロ
ーラ軸の解放両端部から加熱光が漏洩することがほとん
どなく、像担持体に対する特別な遮光手段が不要となっ
た。(5) Due to the highly efficient reflection by the reflecting means 26 and 27 and the narrow clearance structure between the supporting member 25, the reflecting means 26 and 27, and the heating roller shaft 23, heating light leaks from both open ends of the heating roller shaft. This eliminates the need for special light shielding means for the image carrier.
【0054】(6) 加熱ローラ4外周の表面層22
は支持部材25と第1の円筒面91にて加熱ローラ4に
よって嵌合枢支されるが、この部分での摺動はなく耐摩
耗性、耐潤滑性が要求されることはないため、耐熱離型
性のみ最も優れた材質を用いればよい。このため高温オ
フセットが防止できた。また、摺動摩耗がないため、支
持部材25と加熱ローラ4の間に摩耗偏心はなく、加熱
ローラ4と押圧ローラ6は一定して接触し、安定した定
着が可能となった。仮に摩擦トルクの増加等があっても
嵌合枢支力が向上し一層の固定強度が確保され、望まし
い効果が得られた。従って表面層22は加熱ローラ軸全
面に一度に施すことができ、追加工、マスキング等の特
別な工程は不要であり品質も安定した。(6) Surface layer 22 on the outer periphery of the heating roller 4
is fitted and pivotally supported by the heating roller 4 between the support member 25 and the first cylindrical surface 91, but there is no sliding in this part and wear resistance and lubrication resistance are not required. It is only necessary to use a material with the best mold releasability. Therefore, high temperature offset could be prevented. Further, since there is no sliding wear, there is no wear eccentricity between the support member 25 and the heating roller 4, and the heating roller 4 and the pressing roller 6 are in constant contact, making stable fixing possible. Even if there was an increase in friction torque, the fitting pivot force was improved, further securing strength was ensured, and desirable effects were obtained. Therefore, the surface layer 22 can be applied to the entire surface of the heating roller shaft at once, no special processes such as additional machining or masking are required, and the quality is also stable.
【0055】(7) 加熱ローラ軸23はフランジ等
のない一定厚のパイプで構成できるため、簡単な構造で
あり、価格も低廉である。フランジがないため、特殊加
工も不要であり、ローラの製造管理、装置の保守管理も
簡素化された。またフランジ部への応力集中もなく加熱
ローラ軸23は薄肉に構成できるため、熱容量が小さく
加熱ローラ4の熱応答特性が速くなり、サイズの異なる
被定着物の連続定着時、始動時のウォームアップ時間の
短縮を実現できた。(7) Since the heating roller shaft 23 can be constructed of a pipe of a constant thickness without flanges or the like, it has a simple structure and is inexpensive. Since there are no flanges, no special processing is required, simplifying roller manufacturing management and equipment maintenance management. In addition, since the heating roller shaft 23 can be constructed with a thin wall without stress concentration on the flange portion, the heat capacity is small and the thermal response characteristics of the heating roller 4 are quick. We were able to save time.
【0056】(8) 加熱ローラ4は押圧ローラ6か
ら数kgから数十kgの予圧加重を受けつつ回動する。
回転摺動部である支持部材25の第2の円筒面92の半
径は、加熱ローラ4の半径より小径となり、またこの部
分での温度は低温に保持されるため、摩擦係数の増加も
なく回動に要するトルクは非常に小さくなり、小出力、
小型軽量の駆動モータで十分機能するため、装置の低価
格化、小型軽量化、低消費電力化を実現した。(8) The heating roller 4 rotates while receiving a preload load of several kg to several tens of kg from the pressing roller 6. The radius of the second cylindrical surface 92 of the support member 25, which is a rotating and sliding part, is smaller than the radius of the heating roller 4, and the temperature in this part is kept low, so rotation can be performed without increasing the coefficient of friction. The torque required for movement is extremely small, resulting in small output and
Because it functions satisfactorily with a small and lightweight drive motor, the device has been made lower in price, smaller in size, lighter in weight, and lower in power consumption.
【0057】(9) 支持部材25には加熱ローラ4
を駆動する例えば歯車、スプロケット等の駆動伝達手段
36が一体成形されて成るため、専用の歯車等やこれを
固接するキー、スプライン等が不要となり部品点数、加
工の低減ができた。また、支持部材25の材質は耐摩耗
性、耐潤滑性を有すると共に耐熱性に優れたベアリング
材等を用いうため、駆動伝達用としても最適である。(9) The heating roller 4 is attached to the support member 25.
Since the drive transmission means 36, such as gears and sprockets, for driving the gears is integrally molded, there is no need for dedicated gears, keys, splines, etc. to firmly connect the gears, and the number of parts and processing can be reduced. Furthermore, since the material of the support member 25 is a bearing material that has wear resistance, lubrication resistance, and excellent heat resistance, it is also suitable for use in drive transmission.
【0058】(10) 支持部材25に導電性を付与
し、加熱ローラに所定の電位を与えることが可能となり
、例えばゼロレベルにたもつことにより被定着物である
紙、トナーの帯電や接触摩擦による加熱ローラの帯電を
除去できる。更に、紙、トナーと逆極性の電位を付与す
ることで静電気の反発力により加熱ローラからの紙、ト
ナーの離型性を大幅に向上できた。このため紙の加熱ロ
ーラへの巻付き、紙ジャムに伴う発煙、発火を防止し装
置の信頼性を向上させるとともに、オフセットをなくし
印字品質を高めた。(10) By imparting conductivity to the support member 25, it becomes possible to apply a predetermined potential to the heating roller, and by keeping it at zero level, for example, it reduces the charging and contact friction of paper and toner that are the objects to be fixed. Electrification of the heating roller due to the heat roller can be removed. Furthermore, by applying a potential with a polarity opposite to that of the paper and toner, the releasability of the paper and toner from the heating roller was significantly improved due to the repulsive force of static electricity. This improves the reliability of the device by preventing paper from wrapping around the heating roller, smoke and fire caused by paper jams, and improves print quality by eliminating offset.
【0059】(11) 発熱手段のシール部9を支持
部材45の内部に配置し、加熱ローラ4と重なる位置に
配設してもシール部9の温度を使用範囲内にできる。こ
のため、シール部および放熱長さL4によって長尺にな
っていた発熱手段1の長さを小さくし、両支持部材間の
距離L5以下に抑えることができ、デッドスペースを削
減し、装置のコンパクト化が可能となった。
(12) 1本の発熱手段1はその軸方向に発熱量の
異なる部分から成る発熱体30、31を挿通しその両端
のシール部9をもって封入するよう構成され、加熱ロー
ラ軸23の円筒内に挿通し、それぞれを独立にまた同時
に通電可能にしたため、一方の発熱体が点灯加熱する際
に、その輻射熱がごく少量他方の発熱体に吸収されるに
留まり輻射熱のほとんどは加熱ローラ4の発熱に寄与す
るため損失の少ない高熱効率かつ均一な温度分布を有す
る加熱ローラ装置が実現できた。(11) The temperature of the seal portion 9 can be kept within the usable range even if the seal portion 9 of the heating means is placed inside the support member 45 and placed in a position overlapping the heating roller 4. Therefore, the length of the heat generating means 1, which was long due to the sealing part and the heat radiation length L4, can be reduced and the distance between both support members can be kept to less than L5, reducing dead space and making the device more compact. became possible. (12) One heat generating means 1 is constructed so that heat generating elements 30 and 31 consisting of portions with different heat generation amounts are inserted in the axial direction and sealed with the seal portions 9 at both ends, and are enclosed within the cylinder of the heating roller shaft 23. Because they are inserted through each other and can be energized independently and simultaneously, when one heating element lights up and heats up, only a small amount of its radiant heat is absorbed by the other heating element, and most of the radiant heat is generated by the heating roller 4. As a result, a heating roller device with low loss, high thermal efficiency, and uniform temperature distribution was realized.
【0060】(13) 複数の発熱体への通電量を、
それぞれ独立に変化させることにより、装置の軸方向の
各部、例えば中央部、両端部、中間部での発熱量はこれ
らの比率を自由に選択することができた。また、温度セ
ンサを発熱手段1の軸方向に配置しそれぞれの発熱体の
通電量をフィードバック制御すれば、なお効果的である
。
このように、発熱手段1の軸方向の発熱量分布形状(換
言すれば加熱ローラの温度分布)を自由に変化、制御す
ることが可能となった。このため、多種の幅の被定着物
の連続定着時のウォームアップ時間を短縮するばかりで
はなく、被定着物の温度、湿度、及び厚さの変化による
加熱ローラの温度変化に自由に対応制御できる加熱ロー
ラ装置が実現できた。(13) The amount of current applied to the plurality of heating elements is
By changing each independently, the ratio of the amount of heat generated at each part in the axial direction of the device, such as the center, both ends, and the middle part, could be freely selected. Further, it is even more effective if a temperature sensor is arranged in the axial direction of the heat generating means 1 and the amount of current applied to each heat generating element is feedback-controlled. In this way, it has become possible to freely change and control the axial calorific value distribution shape of the heat generating means 1 (in other words, the temperature distribution of the heating roller). This not only shortens the warm-up time when continuously fixing objects of various widths, but also allows for flexible control in response to changes in the temperature of the heating roller caused by changes in temperature, humidity, and thickness of the object. A heating roller device was realized.
【0061】以上の効果を有する。[0061] It has the above effects.
【図1】本発明の加熱ローラ装置の断面概観図である。FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a heating roller device of the present invention.
【図2】従来の電子写真装置等の定着器の一例の断面図
である。FIG. 2 is a sectional view of an example of a fixing device of a conventional electrophotographic apparatus.
【図3】従来の電子写真装置等の定着器の他の一例の断
面図である。FIG. 3 is a sectional view of another example of a fixing device of a conventional electrophotographic apparatus.
【図4】従来の電子写真装置等の定着器の半径方向の断
面図である。FIG. 4 is a radial cross-sectional view of a fixing device of a conventional electrophotographic apparatus.
【図5】本発明の加熱ローラ装置の半径方向の断面図で
ある。FIG. 5 is a radial cross-sectional view of the heating roller device of the present invention.
【図6】本発明の加熱ローラ装置の他の一例の断面図で
ある。FIG. 6 is a sectional view of another example of the heating roller device of the present invention.
【図7】本発明の加熱ローラ装置の更に他の一例の断面
図である。FIG. 7 is a sectional view of still another example of the heating roller device of the present invention.
【図8】本発明の加熱ローラ装置の発熱手段の一例の説
明図である。FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram of an example of a heat generating means of the heating roller device of the present invention.
【図9】本発明の加熱ローラ装置の発熱手段の他の一例
の説明図である。FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram of another example of the heat generating means of the heating roller device of the present invention.
1 発熱手段
4 加熱ローラ
6 押圧ローラ
7 ベース
8 歯車
9 シール部
11 12 91 ヒータランプ22 表面層
3 13 23 加熱ローラ軸
5 25 45 支持部材
26 27 46 50 反射手段30 3
1 51 52 53 発熱体33 押圧ロ
ーラ軸
34 ベアリング
35 加圧手段
36 47 駆動伝達手段
54 55 56 温度センサ
91 第1の円筒面
92 第2の円筒面
93 開口部1 Heat generating means 4 Heating roller 6 Pressing roller 7 Base 8 Gear 9 Seal portion 11 12 91 Heater lamp 22 Surface layer 3 13 23 Heating roller shaft 5 25 45 Support member 26 27 46 50 Reflection means 30 3
1 51 52 53 Heating element 33 Pressure roller shaft 34 Bearing 35 Pressure means 36 47 Drive transmission means 54 55 56 Temperature sensor 91 First cylindrical surface 92 Second cylindrical surface 93 Opening
Claims (3)
ラと押圧ローラより成る加熱ローラ装置において、前記
加熱ローラの円筒内に軸方向に伸びる1つの長尺の発熱
手段を配置し、前記発熱手段は軸方向に発熱量の異なる
部分から成る発熱体を複数個収容して成ることを特徴と
する加熱ローラ装置。Claims: 1. A heating roller device comprising a heating roller and a pressure roller that rotate while being in pressure contact with each other, wherein one elongated heating means extending in an axial direction is disposed within a cylinder of the heating roller, and the heating means is A heating roller device characterized by housing a plurality of heat generating elements each having a different amount of heat generated in the axial direction.
通電可能にして成ることを特徴とする請求項1記載の加
熱ローラ装置。2. The heating roller device according to claim 1, wherein at least two of the heating elements can be independently energized.
同時に通電可能にして独立に制御可能にして成ることを
特徴とする請求項1記載の加熱ローラ装置。3. The heating roller device according to claim 1, wherein at least two of the heating elements can be independently and simultaneously energized and controlled independently.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP11019991A JPH04337783A (en) | 1991-05-15 | 1991-05-15 | Heating roller device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP11019991A JPH04337783A (en) | 1991-05-15 | 1991-05-15 | Heating roller device |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPH04337783A true JPH04337783A (en) | 1992-11-25 |
Family
ID=14529564
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP11019991A Pending JPH04337783A (en) | 1991-05-15 | 1991-05-15 | Heating roller device |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JPH04337783A (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6996363B2 (en) | 2003-07-09 | 2006-02-07 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Heating roller of a fixing device with two internal heaters for axial heat distribution |
-
1991
- 1991-05-15 JP JP11019991A patent/JPH04337783A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6996363B2 (en) | 2003-07-09 | 2006-02-07 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Heating roller of a fixing device with two internal heaters for axial heat distribution |
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