JPH0433753B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0433753B2 JPH0433753B2 JP26277385A JP26277385A JPH0433753B2 JP H0433753 B2 JPH0433753 B2 JP H0433753B2 JP 26277385 A JP26277385 A JP 26277385A JP 26277385 A JP26277385 A JP 26277385A JP H0433753 B2 JPH0433753 B2 JP H0433753B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- melting point
- weight
- mixed
- coarse grains
- raw material
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011362 coarse particle Substances 0.000 description 16
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000002440 industrial waste Substances 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005467 ceramic manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000010433 feldspar Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 3
- GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N zirconium(iv) silicate Chemical compound [Zr+4].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011083 cement mortar Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000014692 zinc oxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)
- Preparation Of Clay, And Manufacture Of Mixtures Containing Clay Or Cement (AREA)
- Table Devices Or Equipment (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
産業上の利用分野
本発明は、陶磁器焼成物を破砕した粗粒を混入
した陶磁器坏土に関し、特に、陶磁器の製造過程
において発生する産業廃棄物を活用することがで
きる陶磁器坏土に関する。[Detailed Description of the Invention] Industrial Application Field The present invention relates to ceramic clay mixed with coarse particles obtained by crushing fired ceramics, and in particular, it is possible to utilize industrial waste generated during the manufacturing process of ceramics. Regarding ceramic clay.
従来の技術及び発明が解決しようとする問題点
食器、タイル、瓦、煉瓦等の陶磁器は、原料の
粉砕、坏土の調製、素地の成形、乾燥及び焼成等
の過程を経て製造されるのであり、各過程におい
て成品とならない廃棄物が発生する。例えば、粒
度が規格外の原料、調合不良の坏土、成形不良の
生素地、割れや変形の生じた乾燥素地、割れ、変
形、変色を生じた焼成品及び焼成に使用した匣鉢
等の窯道具の不要品などは、一部で再使用されて
いるものの、大部分は産業廃棄物として埋立地に
投棄されているのが実情である。その理由は、複
雑な不純物を含み、また、融点のばらつきが大き
く、良好な製品を焼成することができないからで
あり、特に、焼成済みのものは結晶水を含まず、
焼成時の収縮率が小さいため、未焼成原料の中に
混合すると、収縮率の差によりひび割れを生じ、
強度が著しく低下するからである。Problems to be solved by conventional technology and the invention Ceramics such as tableware, tiles, tiles, and bricks are manufactured through processes such as crushing raw materials, preparing clay, shaping the base, drying, and firing. , each process generates waste that cannot be converted into finished products. For example, raw materials with particle size outside the standard, clay that is poorly mixed, raw material that is poorly formed, dry material that is cracked or deformed, fired products that are cracked, deformed, or discolored, and kilns such as saggers used for firing. Although some of the unnecessary tools and other items are reused, the reality is that the majority of them are dumped in landfills as industrial waste. The reason for this is that it contains complex impurities and has a large variation in melting point, making it impossible to bake a good product.In particular, baked products do not contain crystal water.
Since the shrinkage rate during firing is small, when mixed into unfired raw materials, cracks will occur due to the difference in shrinkage rate.
This is because the strength is significantly reduced.
問題点を解決するための手段
本発明は、陶磁器の製造過程において発生する
産業廃棄物を使用することができる陶磁器坏土を
提供することを目的とし、通常の陶磁器焼成用坏
土のような未焼成原料と、焼成済みの不良品また
は焼成前の廃棄物を焼成した陶磁器焼成物を破砕
した粗粒の表面を前記未焼成原料と融点の異なる
被覆剤で覆つた被覆粗粒とを混合したことを特徴
とするものである。Means for Solving the Problems The present invention aims to provide a ceramic clay that can use industrial waste generated in the ceramic manufacturing process, and is intended to provide a ceramic clay that can use industrial waste generated in the ceramic manufacturing process. A firing raw material is mixed with coated coarse grains, which are obtained by covering the surface of coarse grains obtained by crushing fired ceramics made from fired defective products or waste before firing with a coating material having a melting point different from that of the unfired raw materials. It is characterized by:
作 用
本発明は上記構成になり、粗粒を被覆剤で覆つ
たから、粗粒が不純物を含み、また、性状のばら
つきが大きくても、その影響が外部に表われ難
く、また、陶磁器焼成物を破砕した粗粒の融点が
混合すべき未焼成原料の融点と略同等またはそれ
以上である場合には、その未焼成原料より融点の
低い被覆剤で粗粒の表面を覆うと、粗粒が焼成済
みであつて結晶水を含まないのに対し、未焼成原
料が結晶水を含むために、焼成時の収縮率が未焼
成原料の方が大きいことにより生ずる粗粒との間
のひび割れの割れ目に、低融点の被覆剤が溶融し
て流入することにより割れ目が塞がれ、逆に、粗
粒の融点が混合すべき未焼成原料の融点より低い
場合には、その未焼成原料より融点の高い被覆剤
で覆うと、焼成時に溶融した粗粒が融点の高い被
覆剤によつて形成された殻の中に包まれた状態と
なり、低融点の粗粒が未焼成原料内に溶け出して
全体の融点が低下するのが防止される。Effect The present invention has the above-mentioned structure, and since the coarse particles are covered with a coating material, even if the coarse particles contain impurities or have large variations in properties, the influence is unlikely to be visible to the outside. If the melting point of the coarse particles obtained by crushing the material is approximately the same as or higher than the melting point of the unfired raw materials to be mixed, covering the surface of the coarse grains with a coating material whose melting point is lower than that of the unfired raw materials will cause the coarse grains to melt. is fired and does not contain crystallization water, whereas the unfired raw material contains crystallization water, so the shrinkage rate during firing is higher in the unfired raw material, which causes cracks between coarse grains. The crack is closed by melting and flowing the coating material with a low melting point into the crack, and conversely, if the melting point of the coarse particles is lower than the melting point of the unfired raw material to be mixed, the melting point is lower than that of the unfired raw material. If the raw material is coated with a coating material with a high melting point, the coarse grains melted during firing will be wrapped in a shell formed by the coating material with a high melting point, and the coarse grains with a low melting point will dissolve into the unfired raw material. This prevents the overall melting point from decreasing.
実施例
以下、本発明の陶磁器坏土の実施例のいくつか
について説明する。Examples Some examples of the ceramic clay of the present invention will be described below.
第１実施例
1250℃前後で焼成したタイルの不良品を破砕し
て20〜120メツシユの粒度に調製した粗粒を造り、
長石60重量％、珪酸ジルコニウム10重量％、着色
顔料10重量％、粘土20重量％を粉砕、混合して融
点約1200℃の被覆剤を調製し、これに水を加えて
上記粗粒と混合することによりその粗粒の表面に
被覆剤を付着させて乾燥することにより粗粒の表
面を被覆剤で覆つた被覆粗粒を造り、この被覆粗
粒と、融点約1250℃に調製した通常の乾式タイル
用坏土とを50重量％ずつ混合し、プレスで乾式成
形し、1250℃で焼成したところ、表面に着色され
た粗粒が突き出した斑点模様を呈し、かつ、ひび
割れが無く、充分な強度を有するタイルが得られ
た。First Example: Defective tiles fired at around 1250°C are crushed to produce coarse particles with a particle size of 20 to 120 mesh.
60% by weight of feldspar, 10% by weight of zirconium silicate, 10% by weight of color pigment, and 20% by weight of clay are crushed and mixed to prepare a coating agent with a melting point of approximately 1200°C, and water is added to this and mixed with the above coarse particles. By applying a coating agent to the surface of the coarse grains and drying them, coated coarse grains are made by covering the surface of the coarse grains with the coating agent, and this coated coarse grains are heated using a conventional dry process adjusted to a melting point of approximately 1250°C. When mixed with 50% by weight of clay for tiles, dry-formed using a press, and fired at 1250℃, the surface exhibited a speckled pattern with colored coarse particles protruding, and had sufficient strength with no cracks. A tile with .
第２実施例
1400℃前後の高温度で焼成した匣鉢等の耐火物
製の窯道具を破砕して20〜120メツシユの粒度に
調製した粗粒を造り、長石10重量％、石灰石15重
量％、亜鉛華５重量％、珪酸ジルコニユーム10重
量％、釉薬スラジ50重量％を粉砕、混合して融点
約1100℃の被覆剤を調製し、これに２重量％の有
機糊を加えて上記粗粒と混合することによりその
粗粒の表面に被覆剤を付着させて乾燥することに
より粗粒の表面を被覆剤で覆つた被覆粗粒を造
り、この被覆粗粒30重量％と、融点約1250℃に調
製した通常の湿式着色タイル用坏土70重量％とを
混合し、通常の湿式成形方法により成形して乾燥
後、1250℃で焼成したところ、着色された地色の
表面に着色された粗粒が突き出した斑点模様を呈
し、かつ、ひび割れが無く、充分な強度を有する
タイルが得られた。Second Example: Refractory kiln tools such as saggers fired at a high temperature of around 1400°C are crushed to produce coarse grains with a particle size of 20 to 120 mesh, 10% by weight of feldspar and 15% by weight of limestone. , 5% by weight of zinc white, 10% by weight of zirconium silicate, and 50% by weight of glaze sludge are crushed and mixed to prepare a coating material with a melting point of approximately 1100°C, and 2% by weight of organic glue is added to this to form a coating material with the above coarse particles. By mixing, a coating agent is attached to the surface of the coarse grains, and by drying, coated coarse grains are made in which the surface of the coarse grains is covered with a coating agent. The prepared clay for wet colored tiles (70% by weight) was mixed with 70% by weight of the prepared clay for wet colored tiles, molded using a normal wet molding method, dried, and fired at 1250°C, resulting in colored coarse particles on the surface of the colored ground color. A tile with a protruding speckled pattern, no cracks, and sufficient strength was obtained.
第３実施例
1150℃前後の低温度で焼成した瓦の不良品を破
砕して20〜120メツシユの粒度に調製した粗粒を
造り、融点約1300℃に調整した陶磁器坏土に着色
剤として酸化コバルト２重量％を加えた第１被覆
剤を上記粗粒に付着させてその表面を覆い、その
上に、長石70重量％、蛙目粘土20重量％、珪酸ジ
ルコニウム10重量％を粉砕、混合して融点約1200
℃の第２被覆剤を付着させて前記粗粒の表面を二
重に覆い、さらにその表面に、乾燥固化すること
により不水溶性となる水溶性樹脂を薄く塗布して
不水溶性の被覆粗粒を造り、この被覆粗粒を80重
量％、白色セメント10重量％、蛙目粘土10重量％
を混合して水を加え、セメントモルタル状に混練
して型に流し込んで、成形体を造り、これを乾燥
後、1250℃で焼成したところ、白と青と茶の斑点
模様を呈し、かつ、変形のないタイルが得られ
た。Third Example: Defective tiles fired at a low temperature of around 1150°C are crushed to produce coarse particles with a particle size of 20 to 120 mesh, and oxidized as a coloring agent to ceramic clay whose melting point is adjusted to about 1300°C. A first coating agent containing 2% by weight of cobalt is applied to the coarse particles to cover the surface thereof, and on top of that, 70% by weight of feldspar, 20% by weight of frog's eye clay, and 10% by weight of zirconium silicate are crushed and mixed. melting point approximately 1200
The surface of the coarse particles is coated with a second coating agent at a temperature of °C, and then a water-soluble resin that becomes water-insoluble upon drying and solidification is applied thinly to the surface to form a water-insoluble coating material. 80% by weight of the coated coarse grains, 10% by weight of white cement, 10% by weight of frog's eye clay.
The mixture was mixed with water, kneaded into a cement mortar, and poured into a mold to form a molded product. After drying, it was fired at 1250°C, and it exhibited a pattern of white, blue, and brown spots, and A tile without deformation was obtained.
上記第１乃至第３実施例においては、いずれ
も、焼成済みの陶磁器を破砕することにより粗粒
を造つたが、未焼成の廃棄物を用いる場合には、
所定の温度で焼成した後、破砕して使用する。 In the first to third examples above, coarse particles were made by crushing fired ceramics, but when unfired waste is used,
After firing at a predetermined temperature, it is crushed and used.
効 果
本発明の陶磁器坏土は、陶磁器焼成物を破砕し
た粗粒の表面を被覆剤で覆つたから、粗粒が不純
物を含んだり、性状のばらつきが大きい場合でも
その影響が外部に表われ難く、均質な陶磁器を焼
成することができ、また、上記第１及び第２実施
例のように、粗粒の融点が混合すべき未焼成原料
の融点と同等またはそれ以上である場合には、そ
の未焼成原料より融点の低い被覆剤で粗粒を覆う
ことにより焼成時の収縮率の差によるひび割れの
発生が防止されて強度の高い陶磁器が得られ、逆
に、上記第３実施例のように、粗粒の融点が混合
すべき未焼成原料の融点より低い場合には、その
未焼成原料より融点の高い粗粒を覆うことによ
り、溶融した粗粒が未焼成原料内に染み込んで全
体の融点が低下するのが防止されて、焼成による
変形の少ない正確な形状の陶磁器が得られるので
あり、陶磁器の製造過程において生ずる産業廃棄
物を有効に利用することができて、陶磁器の原価
低減及び省資源を実現することができる効果があ
る。Effects In the ceramic clay of the present invention, the surface of the coarse grains obtained by crushing fired ceramics is covered with a coating agent, so even if the coarse grains contain impurities or have large variations in properties, the effects will not be visible to the outside. In addition, when the melting point of the coarse particles is equal to or higher than the melting point of the unfired raw materials to be mixed, as in the first and second embodiments, By covering the coarse grains with a coating material that has a lower melting point than the unfired raw material, cracking due to the difference in shrinkage rate during firing can be prevented and a ceramic with high strength can be obtained. If the melting point of the coarse particles is lower than the melting point of the unfired raw materials to be mixed, by covering the coarse grains with a higher melting point than the unfired raw materials, the molten coarse grains will soak into the unfired raw materials and cause the overall This prevents the melting point from decreasing, making it possible to obtain ceramics with accurate shapes that are less deformed during firing, and making it possible to effectively utilize industrial waste generated in the ceramic manufacturing process, reducing the cost of ceramics and reducing the cost of ceramics. This has the effect of realizing resource saving.
Claims (1)
の表面を前記未焼成原料と融点の異なる被覆剤で
覆つた被覆粗粒とを混合したことを特徴とする陶
磁器坏土。 ２ 前記被覆剤の融点が前記未焼成原料の融点よ
り低いことを特徴とする特許請求の範囲第１項記
載の陶磁器坏土。 ３ 前記被覆剤の融点が前記未焼成原料の融点よ
り高いことを特徴とする特許請求の範囲第１項記
載の陶磁器坏土。[Scope of Claims] 1. A ceramic piece characterized in that an unfired raw material is mixed with coated coarse grains whose surfaces are covered with a coating material having a melting point different from that of the unfired raw material. soil. 2. The ceramic clay according to claim 1, wherein the melting point of the coating material is lower than the melting point of the unfired raw material. 3. The ceramic clay according to claim 1, wherein the melting point of the coating material is higher than the melting point of the unfired raw material.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP26277385A JPS62235249A (en) | 1985-11-22 | 1985-11-22 | Chinaware clay |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP26277385A JPS62235249A (en) | 1985-11-22 | 1985-11-22 | Chinaware clay |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS62235249A JPS62235249A (en) | 1987-10-15 |
| JPH0433753B2 true JPH0433753B2 (en) | 1992-06-03 |
Family
ID=17380386
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP26277385A Granted JPS62235249A (en) | 1985-11-22 | 1985-11-22 | Chinaware clay |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS62235249A (en) |
-
1985
- 1985-11-22 JP JP26277385A patent/JPS62235249A/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS62235249A (en) | 1987-10-15 |
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