JPH04327322A - Punching die - Google Patents
Punching dieInfo
- Publication number
- JPH04327322A JPH04327322A JP9593191A JP9593191A JPH04327322A JP H04327322 A JPH04327322 A JP H04327322A JP 9593191 A JP9593191 A JP 9593191A JP 9593191 A JP9593191 A JP 9593191A JP H04327322 A JPH04327322 A JP H04327322A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- punch
- die
- stock
- vicinity
- edge
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 37
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl urethane Chemical compound CCOC(N)=O JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Punching Or Piercing (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】0001
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、金属板の穴抜き加工に
用いられる穴抜き型に関するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a punching die used for punching holes in metal plates.
【０００２】0002
【従来技術】従来、自動車部品であるドアパネル、フー
ドパネル等のプレス加工品を穴抜き加工する装置は、上
下動自在に配設されている上型と、この上型の下方に対
向して設置されている下型と、前記上型の下部に設けら
れたポンチと、このポンチに対応し、前記下型に設けら
れているダイスとで構成されている穴抜き型が利用され
ている。そして、プレス加工品を穴抜き加工する時には
、下型にプレス加工品を載置した後、上型が下降し、ポ
ンチがプレス加工品の穴抜き加工部を押圧し、ポンチ及
びダイスのエッジ部（刃部）から生じる剪断応力により
、ポンチ側または、ダイス側の少なくとも一方から亀裂
を発生させ、プレス加工品に穴抜きを行う。しかしなが
ら、前記穴抜き加工部に生じる亀裂が、製品側か残材側
か一定しないため残材側で破断が生じた際、製品側にバ
リが発生する。そこで、それを解決するために、例えば
、特開平１─２９３９２２号公報に示されるような装置
が用いられている。その従来技術を図５ないし図７に基
づいて以下に説明する。図５及び図６において、１はポ
ンチであり、２はダイスである。そして、ポンチ１もし
くは、ダイス２の一方の先端周縁部に一様な面取りが施
され、他方の先端周縁部には、エッジ（刃部）が形成さ
れている。ポンチ１もしくは、ダイス２の一方に面取り
を施したことによって、常に、面取りしていない側のエ
ッジ部に応力を集中させ、エッジ部側から亀裂を発生さ
せ、面取りしていない側で破断させる。それにより、バ
リを面取りしてある側に集中させることができ、面取り
していない側でのバリの発生が抑制され、製品側でのバ
リ発生が低減される。[Prior Art] Conventionally, a device for punching holes in pressed products such as door panels and hood panels, which are automobile parts, has an upper mold that is movable up and down, and is installed opposite to the lower part of this upper mold. A hole-punching die is used, which is composed of a lower die, a punch provided at the lower part of the upper die, and a die corresponding to the punch provided in the lower die. When punching a press workpiece, the press workpiece is placed on the lower die, and then the upper die is lowered, the punch presses the punched part of the press workpiece, and the edge of the punch and die Due to the shear stress generated from the (blade), cracks are generated from at least one of the punch side and the die side, and a hole is punched in the pressed product. However, since the cracks that occur in the punched portion are not consistent whether they are on the product side or the residual material side, when a break occurs on the residual material side, burrs are generated on the product side. In order to solve this problem, for example, a device as disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 1-293922 has been used. The prior art will be explained below based on FIGS. 5 to 7. In FIGS. 5 and 6, 1 is a punch and 2 is a die. The peripheral edge of either the punch 1 or the die 2 is uniformly chamfered, and the peripheral edge of the other edge is formed with an edge (blade). By chamfering either the punch 1 or the die 2, stress is always concentrated on the edge part on the non-chamfered side, cracks are generated from the edge part side, and breakage is caused on the non-chamfered side. Thereby, burrs can be concentrated on the chamfered side, suppressing the occurrence of burrs on the non-chamfered side, and reducing the occurrence of burrs on the product side.
【０００３】0003
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかしながら、素材６
に角穴、楕円穴等の曲率の相違する輪郭の穴を、一様の
面取りを施したポンチ１で打ち抜くと、曲率の小さな部
位では、ポンチ１の押圧により素材６の板厚が減少し、
一定板厚以下になるとダイスエッジ５からの剪断応力に
よりダイスエッジ５近傍から亀裂が生じ破断する。これ
に対して、曲率の大きい部位では、素材６の抜き線方向
への縮みにより素材６の肉が寄り集まるため、ダイスエ
ッジ５近傍の板厚が曲率の小さい部位に比べて遅れて減
少する。この遅れの間に、素材６のポンチ１近傍での引
っ張り応力がネッキング発生値を越えてしまい、ダイス
エッジ５近傍からの亀裂の発生より先に、引っ張り応力
によるネッキングが素材６のポンチ１近傍で生じ、伸び
が集中して破断する。この素材６のポンチ１側の破断部
からダイスエッジ５近傍までがバリとして残る。よって
、曲率の相違する輪郭の穴抜き加工では、曲率の大きい
部位で製品側にバリが発生してしまう。そこで、本発明
は、角穴、楕円穴等の曲率の相違する輪郭の穴において
、素材の曲率の大きい部位のポンチ近傍にかかる引っ張
り応力を低減させることにより、常にダイスエッジ近傍
で破断させ、バリの発生を抑制することを目的とする。[Problem to be solved by the invention] However, the material 6
When punching holes with contours with different curvatures, such as square holes and elliptical holes, with a punch 1 with a uniform chamfer, the thickness of the material 6 decreases in areas with small curvature due to the pressure of the punch 1.
When the plate thickness falls below a certain level, cracks occur near the die edge 5 due to shear stress from the die edge 5 and the plate breaks. On the other hand, in a region with a large curvature, the thickness of the material 6 gathers together due to shrinkage in the drawing line direction of the material 6, so that the plate thickness near the die edge 5 decreases later than in a region with a small curvature. During this delay, the tensile stress in the vicinity of the punch 1 of the material 6 exceeds the necking occurrence value, and necking due to the tensile stress occurs in the vicinity of the punch 1 of the material 6 before cracks occur in the vicinity of the die edge 5. The elongation is concentrated and rupture occurs. The part of the material 6 from the broken part on the punch 1 side to the vicinity of the die edge 5 remains as a burr. Therefore, when punching contours with different curvatures, burrs are generated on the product side in areas with large curvatures. In view of this, the present invention reduces the tensile stress applied to holes with different curvatures, such as square holes and elliptical holes, in the vicinity of the punch where the curvature of the material is large, so that the breakage always occurs near the die edge. The purpose is to suppress the occurrence of
【０００４】0004
【課題を解決するための手段】上下動自在に配設されて
いる上型と、この上型の下方に対向して設置されている
下型と、前記上型の下部に設けられ、先端周縁部が曲率
の相違する閉曲線で形成され、かつ、面取りが施された
ポンチと、このポンチに対応し、前記下型に設けられた
ダイスとで構成される穴抜き型において、前記ポンチの
先端周縁部の曲率の大きい部位の面取り量が曲率の小さ
い部位に対して大きく形成されたものである。[Means for Solving the Problems] An upper mold that is arranged to be movable up and down, a lower mold that is installed opposite to the lower part of the upper mold, and a lower mold that is provided at the lower part of the upper mold and that is attached to the tip periphery. In a hole punching die comprising a punch whose portions are formed by closed curves with different curvatures and are chamfered, and a die corresponding to the punch and provided on the lower die, the periphery of the tip of the punch The amount of chamfering at a portion with a large curvature is larger than that at a portion with a small curvature.
【０００５】[0005]
【作用】角穴、楕円穴等の、曲率の相違する輪郭の穴抜
きにあって、上型を下降させることによって、前記構成
のポンチが素材を押圧し、この際、曲率の小さい部位で
は、ダイスのエッジ近傍で亀裂が発生し、破断する。一
方、素材の曲率の大きい部位では、素材の抜き線方向へ
の縮みにより素材の肉が寄り集まるため、ダイスのエッ
ジ近傍での板厚が遅れて減少し、ダイスのエッジ近傍か
らの亀裂発生のタイミングが遅れる。それに対して、ポ
ンチの曲率の大きい部位の面取り量を大きくしたことに
より、素材が面取り部近傍に当接する量（なつき量）が
大きくなり、ポンチが一定距離下降する間の、板厚に対
して直角方向への素材の変形が小さくなるため、当接す
る部分の板厚の減少が遅れる。これは、素材のポンチ近
傍にかかる引っ張り応力の変化割合が小さくなることを
意味している。これにより、素材のポンチ近傍での伸び
集中のタイミングを遅らせることができ、先にダイスの
エッジ近傍に亀裂を発生させ、ダイスのエッジ近傍で破
断させることができる。よって、曲率の相違する輪郭の
穴において、一様にダイスのエッジ近傍で破断を発生さ
せることができる。[Operation] When punching contours with different curvatures, such as square holes and oval holes, by lowering the upper die, the punch with the above structure presses the material, and at this time, in areas with small curvature, Cracks occur near the edge of the die and it breaks. On the other hand, in areas where the material has a large curvature, the thickness of the material gathers together due to shrinkage in the direction of the drawing line, resulting in a delay in the thickness of the material near the edge of the die and a decrease in the occurrence of cracks near the edge of the die. The timing is delayed. On the other hand, by increasing the amount of chamfering in areas with large curvature of the punch, the amount that the material contacts near the chamfered portion (the amount of applicability) increases, and the amount of contact with the material in the vicinity of the chamfered portion increases. Since the deformation of the material in the perpendicular direction is reduced, the reduction in the thickness of the contacting portion is delayed. This means that the rate of change in the tensile stress applied to the material near the punch becomes smaller. This makes it possible to delay the timing of concentration of elongation of the material near the punch, allowing cracks to first occur near the edge of the die and breakage near the edge of the die. Therefore, in holes having contours with different curvatures, breakage can be uniformly caused near the edge of the die.
【０００６】[0006]
【実施例】本発明の一実施例を図１ないし図４に基づい
て以下に説明する。図１及び図２は、本発明の構成を表
すもので、７は上型であり、上下動自在なラム（図示し
ない）に固設されている。一方、この上型７の下方に対
向し、ボルスタ（図示しない）上に下型８が固設されて
いる。また、前記上型７の下部には、先端部形状が四角
形に形成された角穴抜き用のポンチ１が装着されると共
に、このポンチ１を取り囲むように、素材６の押圧固定
及び払いをするストリッパー９が設けられている。この
ストリッパー９は、ウレタン等のクッション材からなり
、その下端部は、前記ポンチ１の先端部よりわずか下方
に位置され、上型７の下降に伴い圧縮され素材６を押圧
固定し、加工終了時には、その弾性力により素材６の払
いを行う。２は前記ポンチ１に対応して下型８に設けら
れたダイスで、その先端部には、ダイスエッジ５が形成
されている。そして、前記ポンチ１の先端部の形状が、
４つのポンチ角部３とその他のポンチ直線部４とからな
る四角形で形成されていて、このポンチ１の先端周縁部
に面取りが施されている。この面取りというのは、ポン
チ角部３、ポンチ直線部４どちらにおいても、面取り部
とポンチ１の底面とがなす角は一定で、例えば４５度に
設定され、前記ポンチ角部３の面取り量が前記ポンチ直
線部４の面取り量に比べて、ポンチ１の縦方向に大きく
、例えば２倍〜３倍に形成されている。DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 4. 1 and 2 show the structure of the present invention, and 7 is an upper mold, which is fixed to a vertically movable ram (not shown). On the other hand, a lower mold 8 is fixedly provided on a bolster (not shown) opposite to the lower part of the upper mold 7. Further, a square hole punch 1 having a rectangular tip shape is attached to the lower part of the upper mold 7, and the material 6 is press-fixed and removed so as to surround the punch 1. A stripper 9 is provided. This stripper 9 is made of a cushioning material such as urethane, and its lower end is located slightly below the tip of the punch 1, and is compressed as the upper mold 7 descends to press and fix the material 6, and when processing is completed, , the material 6 is removed by its elastic force. A die 2 is provided on the lower mold 8 in correspondence with the punch 1, and a die edge 5 is formed at the tip thereof. The shape of the tip of the punch 1 is
The punch 1 has a rectangular shape consisting of four punch corner parts 3 and another punch straight part 4, and the peripheral edge of the tip of the punch 1 is chamfered. This chamfering means that the angle between the chamfer and the bottom surface of the punch 1 is constant, for example, 45 degrees, in both the punch corner part 3 and the punch straight part 4, and the amount of chamfering of the punch corner part 3 is constant. Compared to the amount of chamfering of the punch straight portion 4, the amount of chamfering is larger in the longitudinal direction of the punch 1, for example, twice to three times larger.
【０００７】以上のように構成された穴抜き型において
、作用を説明する。角穴抜き加工の際、下型８上面に素
材６を載置した状態で、上型７が下降し、それに伴い上
型７に設けられたストリッパー９とポンチ１が下降し、
まずストリッパー９が素材６を押圧固定する。更に、ポ
ンチ１の下降にともない素材６を押圧加工し始める。そ
の際、ポンチ角部３が押圧する素材６の部位では、抜き
線方向への素材の縮みにより、ダイスエッジ５近傍の素
材の板厚減少が遅れ、ダイスエッジ５からの亀裂の発生
が遅れる。しかし、これに対して、図３に示すように、
ポンチ１の面取り量を大きく取ったことにより、ポンチ
角部３の面取り部近傍に当接する素材６の板厚の減少が
遅れ、素材６にかかる引っ張り応力が抑えられる。The operation of the punching die constructed as described above will be explained. When punching a square hole, the upper mold 7 is lowered with the material 6 placed on the upper surface of the lower mold 8, and the stripper 9 and punch 1 provided on the upper mold 7 are lowered accordingly.
First, the stripper 9 presses and fixes the material 6. Furthermore, as the punch 1 descends, the material 6 begins to be pressed. At this time, at the portion of the material 6 pressed by the punch corner 3, the reduction in thickness of the material near the die edge 5 is delayed due to shrinkage of the material in the drawing line direction, and the generation of cracks from the die edge 5 is delayed. However, on the other hand, as shown in Figure 3,
By increasing the amount of chamfering of the punch 1, the reduction in the thickness of the material 6 that abuts the vicinity of the chamfered portion of the punch corner 3 is delayed, and the tensile stress applied to the material 6 is suppressed.
【０００８】よって、素材６にかかる引っ張り応力が抑
えられたことにより、素材６のポンチ１近傍での伸び集
中のタイミングが遅れ、先にダイスエッジ５近傍で亀裂
を発生させることができ、破断させることができる。こ
れにより、角穴を一様にダイスエッジ近傍で抜くことが
でき、バリの発生が低減できる。[0008] Therefore, since the tensile stress applied to the material 6 is suppressed, the timing of concentration of elongation of the material 6 near the punch 1 is delayed, and cracks can first occur near the die edge 5, causing the material to break. be able to. This allows square holes to be punched uniformly near the die edge, thereby reducing the occurrence of burrs.
【０００９】このような穴抜き型を用いて実験を行った
。その結果を図４に示す。図４の実験結果に示すように
、ポンチ直線部の面取り量をＡ、ポンチ角部の面取り量
をＢとして、Ｂ／Ａ＝１．０の時（ポンチ直線部とポン
チ角部の面取り量が同じ）と、Ｂ／Ａ＝２．０（ポンチ
角部の面取り量がポンチ直線部の２倍）、Ｂ／Ａ＝３．
０（ポンチ角部の面取り量がポンチ直線部の３倍）とを
比べて、ポンチ角部の面取り量をポンチ直線部より大き
く取ることにより、バリの高さは、クリアランスの広い
範囲に渡って（クリアランス／板厚 ５％〜５０％ま
でに使用可能）、 ０．１ｍｍ以下の水準を確保でき
ることがわかる。An experiment was conducted using such a punching die. The results are shown in FIG. As shown in the experimental results in Figure 4, when the amount of chamfering on the punch straight part is A and the amount of chamfering on the punch corner part is B, when B/A = 1.0 (the amount of chamfering on the punch straight part and punch corner part is Same), B/A=2.0 (the amount of chamfering of the punch corner is twice that of the punch straight part), B/A=3.
0 (the amount of chamfering on the punch corner is three times that of the straight part of the punch), by making the amount of chamfering on the punch corner larger than the straight part of the punch, the height of the burr can be reduced over a wide range of clearance. (Can be used with a clearance/plate thickness of 5% to 50%), and it can be seen that a level of 0.1 mm or less can be secured.
【００１０】尚、本件は、ポンチの形状を四角形のもの
で説明したが、本件の技術思想は、四角形に限定される
ものではなく、曲率の相違するポンチ形状であれば、例
えば、楕円穴、多角形穴でも同様な効果が得られる。[0010] In this case, the shape of the punch has been explained as being rectangular, but the technical idea of the present case is not limited to a rectangular shape, and any punch shape with different curvatures may be used, such as an elliptical hole, A similar effect can be obtained with polygonal holes.
【００１１】[0011]
【発明の効果】以上に説明したように、角穴、楕円穴等
の曲率の相違する輪郭の穴抜きにおいて、曲率の大きい
部位での素材のポンチ近傍にかかる引っ張り応力が低減
されたので、ポンチ側の破断より先に、素材のダイスエ
ッジ近傍からの破断を発生させることができる。これに
より、曲率の相違する輪郭の穴を、一様に、ダイスエッ
ジ近傍で破断させ、抜くことができ、バリの発生が低減
できる。また、ポンチとダイスのクリアランスに鈍感な
ため、ダイス径に対するポンチ径の自由度が高く、一定
の穴公差寸法の許容限度においては、径の異なるポンチ
の使用が可能であり、クリアランスの管理に費やす手間
が低減され、コスト低減を図ることができる。[Effects of the Invention] As explained above, when punching contours with different curvatures such as square holes and elliptical holes, the tensile stress applied to the material near the punch in areas with large curvature is reduced. It is possible to cause the material to break near the die edge before the side break. As a result, holes having contours with different curvatures can be uniformly broken and punched out near the die edge, and the occurrence of burrs can be reduced. In addition, since it is insensitive to the clearance between the punch and die, there is a high degree of freedom in the punch diameter relative to the die diameter, and within the permissible limit of a certain hole tolerance dimension, it is possible to use punches with different diameters, which makes it possible to spend more time managing the clearance. The effort is reduced and costs can be reduced.
【図１】 本発明の構成を示す正面図である。FIG. 1 is a front view showing the configuration of the present invention.
【図２】 本発明の一実施例である角穴抜き用ポ
ンチの斜視図である。FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a square hole punch which is an embodiment of the present invention.
【図３】 本発明の作用を模式的に表す図である
。FIG. 3 is a diagram schematically representing the effect of the present invention.
【図４】 ポンチ直線部とポンチ角部の面取り量
の割合によるバリ高さを示す本発明の実験結果のグラフ
である。FIG. 4 is a graph of the experimental results of the present invention showing the burr height depending on the ratio of the amount of chamfering of the punch straight part and the punch corner part.
【図５】 従来技術の構成を表す正面図である。FIG. 5 is a front view showing the configuration of the prior art.
【図６】 従来技術の作用を模式的に表す図であ
る。FIG. 6 is a diagram schematically showing the operation of the prior art.
【図７】 従来技術のポンチ先端周縁部の曲率の
大きい部位における作用を模式的に表す図である。FIG. 7 is a diagram schematically illustrating the effect at a region with a large curvature of the peripheral edge of a punch tip according to the prior art.
１・・・ポンチ ２・・・ダイス ３・・・ポンチ角部 ４・・・ポンチ直線部 ５・・・ダイスエッジ ６・・・素材 ７・・・上型 ８・・・下型 ９・・・ストリッパー 1... punch 2...Dice 3... Punch corner 4...Punch straight part 5...Dice edge 6...Material 7... Upper mold 8...Lower mold 9...Stripper
Claims (1)
上型の下方に対向して設置されている下型と、前記上型
の下部に設けられ、先端周縁部が曲率の相違する閉曲線
で形成され、かつ、面取りが施されたポンチと、このポ
ンチに対応し、前記下型に設けられたダイスとで構成さ
れる穴抜き型において、前記ポンチの先端周縁部の曲率
の大きい部位の面取り量が曲率の小さい部位の面取り量
に対して大きく形成されたことを特徴とする穴抜き型。Claims: 1. An upper mold which is arranged to be movable up and down; a lower mold which is installed opposite to the lower part of the upper mold; and a lower mold which is provided at the lower part of the upper mold and has a peripheral edge of a curvature. In a hole punching die composed of a punch formed with different closed curves and chamfered, and a die corresponding to the punch and provided on the lower die, the curvature of the peripheral edge of the tip of the punch is A hole punching die characterized in that the amount of chamfering in a large portion is larger than the amount of chamfering in a portion having a small curvature.
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP9593191A JP2785513B2 (en) | 1991-04-26 | 1991-04-26 | Hole punch type |
| US07/873,120 US5235881A (en) | 1991-04-26 | 1992-04-24 | Piercing die whose punch has different amounts of chamfer at different outer peripheral edge portions |
| GB9208858A GB2255304B (en) | 1991-04-26 | 1992-04-24 | Piercing die whose punch has different amounts of chamfer at different outer peripheral edge portions |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP9593191A JP2785513B2 (en) | 1991-04-26 | 1991-04-26 | Hole punch type |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH04327322A true JPH04327322A (en) | 1992-11-16 |
| JP2785513B2 JP2785513B2 (en) | 1998-08-13 |
Family
ID=14151020
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP9593191A Expired - Fee Related JP2785513B2 (en) | 1991-04-26 | 1991-04-26 | Hole punch type |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2785513B2 (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6976414B2 (en) * | 1996-11-01 | 2005-12-20 | Alcoa Inc. | Method and apparatus for trimming aluminum sheet |
| JP2007266236A (en) * | 2006-03-28 | 2007-10-11 | Seiko Epson Corp | Manufacturing method of substrate for electro-optical device, and manufacturing method of electro-optical device |
| US20080236341A1 (en) * | 2004-04-13 | 2008-10-02 | Acument Intellectual Properties, Llc | Powdered metal multi-lobular tooling and method of fabrication |
| JP2012254495A (en) * | 2011-06-09 | 2012-12-27 | Panasonic Corp | Punching method for plate material, punching device, and printed board |
-
1991
- 1991-04-26 JP JP9593191A patent/JP2785513B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6976414B2 (en) * | 1996-11-01 | 2005-12-20 | Alcoa Inc. | Method and apparatus for trimming aluminum sheet |
| US20080236341A1 (en) * | 2004-04-13 | 2008-10-02 | Acument Intellectual Properties, Llc | Powdered metal multi-lobular tooling and method of fabrication |
| JP2007266236A (en) * | 2006-03-28 | 2007-10-11 | Seiko Epson Corp | Manufacturing method of substrate for electro-optical device, and manufacturing method of electro-optical device |
| JP2012254495A (en) * | 2011-06-09 | 2012-12-27 | Panasonic Corp | Punching method for plate material, punching device, and printed board |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2785513B2 (en) | 1998-08-13 |
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