JPH04310832A - Stress telemetry using photoelastic material - Google Patents
Stress telemetry using photoelastic materialInfo
- Publication number
- JPH04310832A JPH04310832A JP7787091A JP7787091A JPH04310832A JP H04310832 A JPH04310832 A JP H04310832A JP 7787091 A JP7787091 A JP 7787091A JP 7787091 A JP7787091 A JP 7787091A JP H04310832 A JPH04310832 A JP H04310832A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- gauge
- stress
- photoelastic
- photoelasticity
- polarizing plate
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 101000582320 Homo sapiens Neurogenic differentiation factor 6 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102100030589 Neurogenic differentiation factor 6 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 238000012669 compression test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011796 hollow space material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】0001
【産業上の利用分野】この発明は、光弾性材料による遠
隔応力測定法に関するものであり、特に、数十米程度離
れた所からでも、該光弾性材料を用いて応力測定ができ
るようにした光弾性材料による遠隔応力測定法に関する
ものである。[Industrial Application Field] This invention relates to a remote stress measurement method using a photoelastic material, and in particular, a method that enables stress measurement using the photoelastic material even from a distance of several tens of meters. This paper relates to remote stress measurement using photoelastic materials.
【０００２】0002
【従来の技術及び発明が解決しようとする課題】従来、
構造物の表面応力測定方法として、構造物が円形の場合
に於てはその表面の相対変位を測定する方法及び構造物
の表面に歪ゲージを貼布して測定する方法が知られてい
る。而して、上記前者に於ては、一断面に多数の測線を
設けられることができず、或いは多くの人手と相当な時
間を要する等の欠陥がある。[Prior art and problems to be solved by the invention] Conventionally,
As methods for measuring the surface stress of a structure, there are known methods for measuring the relative displacement of the surface when the structure is circular, and methods for measuring by pasting a strain gauge on the surface of the structure. However, the former method has drawbacks such as not being able to provide a large number of survey lines in one cross section, or requiring a large amount of manpower and a considerable amount of time.
【０００３】更に、上記後者に於ては、歪ゲージを取付
けた測点から測定器を設置した地点までの間をコードに
て連結しなければならないので、測点が多数ある場合や
、地下大空洞で切り下がり時に該コードの管理が煩雑と
なる欠陥がある。そこで、構造物の表面応力を遠隔より
１人の測定者によっても簡単に測定できるようにするた
めに解決せらるべき技術的課題が生じてくるのであり、
本発明は該課題を解決することを目的とする。Furthermore, in the latter case, it is necessary to connect the measuring point where the strain gauge is installed to the point where the measuring device is installed with a cord, so it is necessary to connect the measuring point where the strain gauge is installed to the point where the measuring instrument is installed. There is a defect that the management of the cord becomes complicated when the cord is cut down due to the hollow space. Therefore, a technical problem arises that must be solved in order to make it possible to easily measure the surface stress of a structure remotely, even by a single measurer.
The present invention aims to solve this problem.
【０００４】0004
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明は上記目的を達成
するために提案せられたものであり、構造物の表面に光
弾性ゲージを貼布し、該光弾性ゲージに偏光板を通過し
た光を照射し、更に、該光の反射光を偏光板を有する望
遠機能付測定器の回転摘子を回動して前記光弾性ゲージ
が所定の色彩に見えるように調整し、該調整値から所定
の方程式にて応力を算出できるようにしたことを特徴と
する光弾性材料による遠隔応力測定法を提供せんとする
ものである。[Means for Solving the Problems] The present invention has been proposed to achieve the above object, and includes a photoelastic gauge pasted on the surface of a structure, and a polarizing plate passed through the photoelastic gauge. Irradiate the light, and further adjust the reflected light of the light by rotating the rotary knob of the telescopic function measuring instrument having a polarizing plate so that the photoelasticity gauge appears in a predetermined color, and from the adjusted value. It is an object of the present invention to provide a remote stress measurement method using a photoelastic material, which is characterized in that stress can be calculated using a predetermined equation.
【０００５】[0005]
【作用】構造物の表面に貼布した光弾性ゲージは構造物
の変動に応じて応力が作用し、該光弾性ゲージの色彩が
変化する。一方、該光弾性ゲージを貼布した測点から遠
隔地に偏光板を有する望遠機能付測定器を備え、そして
、この遠隔地から偏光板を通過した光を前記光弾性ゲー
ジに照射する。斯くして、照射された光は反射光となっ
て前記望遠機能付測定器に入ってくる。このとき、該反
射光は偏光板を介して前記望遠機能付測定器で捕捉され
るので、前記光弾性ゲージが前記応力発生に基いて変化
した色彩を望遠機能付測定器の回転摘子を回動して偏光
板を回転せしめ乍ら、該光偏光板の無応力状態の所定の
色彩（紫色）に一致させる。そこで、この偏光板の回転
量を求め、該偏光板の無応力状態、即ち、基準値の回転
量を引きこれに定数を乗じてひずみを得る。そこで、こ
のひずみから構造物表面の応力が容易に算出される。[Operation] Stress acts on the photoelastic gauge attached to the surface of the structure in response to fluctuations in the structure, and the color of the photoelastic gauge changes. On the other hand, a measuring instrument with a telephoto function having a polarizing plate is provided at a remote location from the measuring point to which the photoelasticity gauge is attached, and the photoelasticity gauge is irradiated with light that has passed through the polarizing plate from this remote location. In this way, the irradiated light becomes reflected light and enters the telephoto measuring instrument. At this time, the reflected light is captured by the telephoto measuring device via a polarizing plate, so that the photoelasticity gauge detects the color changed based on the stress generation by rotating the rotary knob of the telescopic measuring device. While rotating the polarizing plate, the light polarizing plate matches a predetermined color (purple) of the stress-free state of the light polarizing plate. Therefore, the amount of rotation of this polarizing plate is determined, and the strain is obtained by subtracting the rotation amount of the stress-free state of the polarizing plate, that is, the reference value, and multiplying this by a constant. Therefore, the stress on the surface of the structure can be easily calculated from this strain.
【０００６】勿論、前記光弾性ゲージの取付時点に於て
、該光弾性ゲージが例えば所定の色彩（紫色）を呈して
いないときに於ては、前記望遠機能付測定器の前記回転
摘子を調整し、該光弾性ゲージが紫色に見えるようにし
、そして、このときの値を基準値の回転量とすることが
できる。Of course, at the time of installing the photoelasticity gauge, if the photoelasticity gauge does not exhibit a predetermined color (purple), the rotary knob of the telephoto measuring instrument may be turned off. The photoelasticity gauge can be adjusted so that it appears purple, and the value at this time can be taken as the rotation amount of the reference value.
【０００７】[0007]
【実施例】以下、本発明の一実施例を添付図面に従って
詳述する。図１は本発明をトンネル１に実施したときの
解説縦断正面図であり、図２はその要部を示す一部切欠
解説縦断正面図である。同図に於てトンネル１の内壁面
であって、表面応力を測定しようとする測点に光弾性ゲ
ージ２，２…を貼着する。而して、該光弾性ゲージ２，
２…は幅１ｃｍ、長さ５ｃｍ、厚さ５〜６ｍｍであるが
、之に限定せらるべきではない。そして、該光弾性ゲー
ジ２，２…の長手方向の両端部を接着剤を用いて前記測
点に接着する。DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 is an illustrative longitudinal sectional front view when the present invention is implemented in a tunnel 1, and FIG. 2 is a partially cutaway illustrative longitudinal sectional front view showing the main parts thereof. In the figure, photoelasticity gauges 2, 2, . . . are attached to measurement points on the inner wall surface of the tunnel 1 at which surface stress is to be measured. Therefore, the photoelasticity gauge 2,
2... has a width of 1 cm, a length of 5 cm, and a thickness of 5 to 6 mm, but should not be limited thereto. Then, both longitudinal ends of the photoelasticity gauges 2, 2... are adhered to the measurement points using an adhesive.
【０００８】又、同図に於て３は光源であり、４は望遠
機能付測定器である。そして、之等の光源３及び望遠機
能付測定器４は前記光弾性ゲージ２の貼布地点より相当
程度離れた地点に設置される。更に、該光源３及び望遠
機能付測定器４は、例えば図３に示す如く光源３を測定
者のヘルメット５に設置して両者を別々に設置すること
もでき、更に図４に示す如く、両者を三脚６上に設置す
ることもできる。更に又、之等光源３及び望遠機能付測
定器４の前方部位には対を為す偏光板７と４分の１波長
板８とが設けられている。Further, in the figure, numeral 3 is a light source, and numeral 4 is a measuring instrument with a telephoto function. The light source 3 and the measuring instrument 4 with telephoto function are installed at a point considerably distant from the point where the photoelasticity gauge 2 is attached. Furthermore, the light source 3 and the telephoto measuring instrument 4 can be installed separately, for example by installing the light source 3 on the helmet 5 of the person being measured, as shown in FIG. can also be installed on a tripod 6. Furthermore, a pair of polarizing plate 7 and a quarter wavelength plate 8 are provided in front of the light source 3 and the telephoto measuring device 4.
【０００９】次に、前記望遠機能付測定器４を図５及び
図６に従って説明する。図に於て９は望遠鏡であり、こ
の望遠鏡９の前方部にケーシング１０が取付けられ、該
ケーシング１０内に前記対を為す偏光板７と４分の１波
長板８が内装されている。更に、該偏光板７は円形に形
成されてその円周部に回転リング１１が固設され、そし
て、該回転リング１１の円周面に螺子部１１ａが設けら
れている。更に、該螺子部１１ａと螺合する螺軸１２を
前記ケーシング１０の内面長手方向に延設すると共に、
該螺軸１２の他端部を該ケーシング１０の外側へ突出せ
しめ、その先端部に回転摘子１３を取付け、該回転摘子
１３を回動せしめることにより前記偏光板７を回転調整
できるように構成してある。更に、該偏光板７の回転量
を表示させるために該回転摘子１３に近接して回転量表
示窓１４を設けている。Next, the telephoto measuring instrument 4 will be explained with reference to FIGS. 5 and 6. In the figure, reference numeral 9 denotes a telescope, and a casing 10 is attached to the front part of the telescope 9, and inside the casing 10, the polarizing plate 7 and the quarter wavelength plate 8 forming a pair are housed. Further, the polarizing plate 7 is formed into a circular shape, and a rotating ring 11 is fixedly attached to the circumferential portion of the polarizing plate 7, and a screw portion 11a is provided on the circumferential surface of the rotating ring 11. Further, a screw shaft 12 that is screwed into the screw portion 11a is provided extending in the longitudinal direction of the inner surface of the casing 10,
The other end of the screw shaft 12 is made to protrude to the outside of the casing 10, and a rotary knob 13 is attached to the tip thereof, so that the rotation of the polarizing plate 7 can be adjusted by rotating the rotary knob 13. It is configured. Furthermore, a rotation amount display window 14 is provided adjacent to the rotation knob 13 to display the amount of rotation of the polarizing plate 7.
【００１０】次に、前記光弾性ゲージ２による遠隔応力
測定の手順を述べる。
■ 前記光弾性ゲージ２を構造物の表面応力を測定し
ようとする測点に貼着する。
■ 前記光弾性ゲージ２を貼着後直ちに回転量表示窓
１４の表示にて初期値を得る。而して、光弾性ゲージ２
は無応力状態で測定値の読み値Ｎが零の時、最も鋭敏な
色である紫色を呈するように作成されているので、概し
て前記貼着時に於ては、該光弾性ゲージ２は紫色を呈し
ているのであるが、もし、該光弾性ゲージ２の前記取付
時に於て、何らかの事情により光弾性ゲージ２に応力が
負荷された時には、前記紫色に合致するように回転摘子
１３を回動してその時の読み値Ｎを初期値ＮＯ とする
。Next, the procedure for remote stress measurement using the photoelasticity gauge 2 will be described. (2) Attach the photoelasticity gauge 2 to the measurement point where the surface stress of the structure is to be measured. (2) Immediately after pasting the photoelasticity gauge 2, an initial value is obtained from the display on the rotation amount display window 14. Therefore, photoelasticity gauge 2
The photoelastic gauge 2 is made to exhibit the most sensitive color, purple, when the measured value N is zero in a stress-free state. However, if stress is applied to the photoelastic gauge 2 for some reason during the installation of the photoelastic gauge 2, the rotary knob 13 should be rotated to match the purple color. Then, the reading value N at that time is set as the initial value NO.
【００１１】■ 次に、応力が作用した時には該光弾
性ゲージ２の色彩に変化を来たし、例えば赤色に変色す
る。そこで、光源３から対を為す偏光板７及び４分の１
波長板８を介して該光弾性ゲージ２に光を照射する。そ
して、その反射光を対を為す４分の１波長板８及び偏光
板７を介して望遠機能付測定器４に入射せしめる。そこ
で、望遠鏡９にて該光弾性ゲージ２を見ながら、例えば
赤色に変色している該光弾性ゲージ２が紫色になるよう
に前記回転摘子１３を回動せしめ乍らその時の読み値Ｎ
１ を回転量表示窓１４の表示にて求める。[0011] Next, when stress is applied, the color of the photoelasticity gauge 2 changes, for example to red. Therefore, from the light source 3, a pair of polarizing plates 7 and a quarter
Light is irradiated onto the photoelasticity gauge 2 through the wavelength plate 8. Then, the reflected light is made to enter the measuring instrument 4 with a telephoto function via a quarter wavelength plate 8 and a polarizing plate 7, which form a pair. Therefore, while looking at the photoelasticity gauge 2 through the telescope 9, rotate the rotary knob 13 so that the photoelasticity gauge 2, which has changed color from red, for example, turns purple, and the reading value at that time is N.
1 is obtained from the display on the rotation amount display window 14.
【００１２】而して、発生するひずみは次式にて求めら
れる。[0012]The generated strain can be calculated using the following equation.
【００１３】[0013]
【数１】[Math 1]
【００１４】[0014]
【数２】[Math 2]
【００１５】[0015]
【数３】[Math 3]
【００１６】斯くして、構造物の表面応力が求められる
。尚、この発明は、この発明の精神を逸脱しない限り種
々の改変を為すことができ、そして、この発明が該改変
されたものに及ぶことは当然である。[0016] In this way, the surface stress of the structure is determined. Note that this invention can be modified in various ways without departing from the spirit of the invention, and it goes without saying that this invention extends to such modifications.
【００１７】[0017]
【発明の効果】本発明は上記一実施例にて詳述せる如く
であるが、本発明者等は、本発明に係る光弾性ゲージを
用いた応力遠隔測定法の精度を調べるためにコンクリー
ト供試体を用いた一軸圧縮試験を行った。而して、該測
定は■：歪ゲージによる測定並びに■：光弾性ゲージを
測点より１ｍ離れた所で測定、■：並びに光弾性ゲージ
を７ｍ離れた所に於ける測定の３通りを行った。その結
果は歪ゲージと光弾性ゲージでは６％の誤差があったが
、載荷分布も合わせて測定していたので、その結果を用
いた数値解析では歪ゲージと光弾性ゲージの位置の違い
により約６％の誤差が生じることが判明し、本発明の精
度が極めて高いことが実証された。斯くして、本発明は
下記の効果を奏する。Effects of the Invention Although the present invention is described in detail in the above-mentioned embodiment, the inventors of the present invention investigated the accuracy of the stress telemetry method using the photoelastic gauge according to the present invention. A uniaxial compression test was conducted using the specimen. Therefore, the measurement was carried out in three ways: ■: Measurement using a strain gauge; ■: Measurement using a photoelastic gauge at a distance of 1 m from the measurement point; ■: Measurement using a photoelastic gauge at a distance of 7 m from the measuring point. Ta. The results showed an error of 6% between the strain gauge and photoelastic gauge, but since the load distribution was also measured, numerical analysis using the results showed that the error was approximately 6% due to the difference in the position of the strain gauge and photoelastic gauge. It was found that an error of 6% occurred, demonstrating that the accuracy of the present invention is extremely high. Thus, the present invention has the following effects.
【００１８】■ 望遠鏡の能力、光源の強さによって
は３０ｍ以上の遠隔地からもひずみ値が測定できる。
■ 機動性があるのでどんな所でも測定できる。
■ １人の測定者でも簡単に測定できる。
■ 光弾性ゲージは接着剤で貼布するので、構造物の
材質を問わず、どんなものでも測定が可能となる。■Depending on the capabilities of the telescope and the strength of the light source, strain values can be measured even from a remote location of 30 meters or more. ■ Because it is mobile, measurements can be taken anywhere. ■ Easy to measure even by one person. ■ Photoelasticity gauges are attached with adhesive, so they can be used to measure anything, regardless of the material of the structure.
【図１】 本発明をトンネルに実施した場合の解説縦
断正面図。FIG. 1 is an explanatory longitudinal sectional front view when the present invention is implemented in a tunnel.
【図２】 同要部の一部切欠解説縦断正面図。[Fig. 2] A partially cutaway explanatory longitudinal sectional front view of the same main part.
【図３】 光源を測定者のヘルメット上に備えたとき
の解説側面図。[Figure 3] An explanatory side view when the light source is provided on the helmet of the person being measured.
【図４】 光源と望遠機能は測定器とを三脚上に取付
けて測定している状態を示す解説側面図。FIG. 4 is an explanatory side view showing a state in which the light source and telephoto function are measured with the measuring device mounted on a tripod.
【図５】 偏光板を有する望遠機能付測定器の解説平
面図。FIG. 5 is an explanatory plan view of a measuring instrument with a telephoto function that has a polarizing plate.
【図６】 図５Ａ−Ａ線断面図。FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken along the line A-A in FIG.
１ トンネル ２ 光弾性ゲージ ３ 光源 ４ 望遠機能付測定器 ７ 偏光板 ８ ４分の１波長板 ９ 望遠鏡 １３ 回転摘子 1 Tunnel 2 Photoelasticity gauge 3 Light source 4 Measuring instrument with telephoto function 7 Polarizing plate 8 Quarter wave plate 9 Telescope 13 Rotary knob
Claims (1)
、該光弾性ゲージに偏光板を通過した光を照射し、更に
、該光の反射光を偏光板を有する望遠機能付測定器の回
転摘子を回動して前記光弾性ゲージが所定の色彩に見え
るように調整し、該調整値から所定の方程式にて応力を
算出できるようにしたことを特徴とする光弾性材料によ
る遠隔応力測定法。Claim 1: A measuring instrument with a telephoto function, in which a photoelasticity gauge is pasted on the surface of a structure, the photoelasticity gauge is irradiated with light that has passed through a polarizing plate, and the reflected light of the light is reflected by the photoelasticity gauge. A remote control device made of a photoelastic material, characterized in that the photoelastic gauge is adjusted to appear in a predetermined color by rotating a rotary knob, and stress can be calculated from the adjusted value using a predetermined equation. Stress measurement method.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP7787091A JPH04310832A (en) | 1991-04-10 | 1991-04-10 | Stress telemetry using photoelastic material |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP7787091A JPH04310832A (en) | 1991-04-10 | 1991-04-10 | Stress telemetry using photoelastic material |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH04310832A true JPH04310832A (en) | 1992-11-02 |
Family
ID=13646092
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP7787091A Withdrawn JPH04310832A (en) | 1991-04-10 | 1991-04-10 | Stress telemetry using photoelastic material |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH04310832A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2009047501A (en) * | 2007-08-17 | 2009-03-05 | Ricoh Co Ltd | Optical strain measuring element, device, system, and method |
-
1991
- 1991-04-10 JP JP7787091A patent/JPH04310832A/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2009047501A (en) * | 2007-08-17 | 2009-03-05 | Ricoh Co Ltd | Optical strain measuring element, device, system, and method |
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