JPH04310434A - Differential gear - Google Patents
Differential gearInfo
- Publication number
- JPH04310434A JPH04310434A JP10483791A JP10483791A JPH04310434A JP H04310434 A JPH04310434 A JP H04310434A JP 10483791 A JP10483791 A JP 10483791A JP 10483791 A JP10483791 A JP 10483791A JP H04310434 A JPH04310434 A JP H04310434A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- differential
- carrier
- planetary gear
- disc
- cam
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Arrangement And Mounting Of Devices That Control Transmission Of Motive Force (AREA)
- Arrangement And Driving Of Transmission Devices (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】0001
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は差動装置に関し、より詳
しくは両軸間差動が一定値以上になると差動制限せしめ
るようにした差動制限装置に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a differential device, and more particularly to a differential limiting device that limits the differential when the differential between both shafts exceeds a certain value.
【０００２】0002
【従来の技術と課題】従来、遊星歯車式差動装置の差動
制限はビスカスカップリング（ＶＣＵ）または油圧カッ
プリング（ＨＣＵ）等を用いて行われて来た。2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, the differential movement of planetary gear type differentials has been limited using a viscous coupling (VCU) or a hydraulic coupling (HCU).
【０００３】機械的な差動制限手段としてはドグクラッ
チや多板クラッチ（ロックアップ装置）があるが、後者
の場合その断続を軸方向のスプリングと油圧シリンダと
で行うものが提案されている（特開昭６２−１８１９２
１）。Mechanical differential limiting means include dog clutches and multi-disc clutches (lock-up devices), but in the latter case, a method has been proposed in which the engagement is performed using an axial spring and a hydraulic cylinder (in particular, Kaisho 62-18192
1).
【０００４】この従来例は遊星歯車式差動装置５１と多
板クラッチ１０１を組み合わせてコンパクトに配置した
点で優れているが、元来多板クラッチはＶＣＵのような
自己差動検出機能を持たないから、一方車輪の空転の如
き一定レベル以上の左右輪間の差動を検出して自動差動
制限する事は出来ず、運転者のスイッチ操作によって電
磁弁を開きシリンダ７１に油圧を導入してピストン９１
を圧下し多板クラッチ１０１を作用させ、初めて差動制
限が出来るものであった。従って従来のクラッチプレー
ト式差動制限装置では自動的な差動制限機能がないとい
う問題点があった。This conventional example is superior in that it combines the planetary gear type differential device 51 and the multi-disc clutch 101 in a compact arrangement, but the multi-disc clutch originally did not have a self-differential detection function like a VCU. Therefore, it is not possible to detect the differential between the left and right wheels that exceeds a certain level, such as when the wheels are spinning, and automatically limit the differential. piston 91
The differential could be limited for the first time by lowering the pressure and activating the multi-disc clutch 101. Therefore, the conventional clutch plate type differential limiting device has a problem in that it does not have an automatic differential limiting function.
【０００５】そこで本発明者は鋭意検討の結果、摩擦に
よって差動検出を行い、かつその摩擦力を多板クラッチ
の付勢力として利用し得る事を見出し、本発明に到達し
た。As a result of extensive research, the inventor of the present invention has discovered that differential detection can be performed by friction and that the frictional force can be used as a biasing force for a multi-disc clutch, and has arrived at the present invention.
【０００６】[0006]
【発明の目的】本発明の目的は機械式自動差動制限装置
を備える軽量コンパクトな遊星歯車式差動装置を提供す
ることである。OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a light and compact planetary gear differential equipped with a mechanical automatic differential limiter.
【０００７】[0007]
【発明の構成】本発明により、リングギア、太陽歯車、
ピニオン遊星歯車および該ピニオン歯車を軸支するキャ
リアを有する遊星歯車式差動装置において、軸方向片側
に差動を摩擦力によって検出して差動制限装置を機械的
に作用させる差動検出付勢手段を備え、軸方向他方側に
前記差動検出付勢手段によって作用する差動制限手段を
備える事を特徴とする遊星歯車式差動装置（請求項１）
および差動検出付勢手段が、片側の軸に嵌着された円板
とキャリアに嵌着され該円板に対して弾性圧下されるカ
ムプレートと、円板とカムプレートとの摩擦によって生
じるカムプレート周方向の回転力によって回動するにつ
れて押し上げられるカムと、軸方向に遊動してカムに生
じた圧力を差動制限装置に伝えるところの他方の軸にス
プライン嵌着されたキャリアとを備えて成り、差動制限
装置が、他方の軸に嵌着されたリングギア支持部材とキ
ャリアの間に設けられた多板クラッチでなる請求項１に
記載の差動装置（請求項２）が提供される。[Structure of the Invention] According to the present invention, a ring gear, a sun gear,
In a planetary gear type differential device that has a pinion planetary gear and a carrier that pivotally supports the pinion gear, differential detection biasing is used to detect differential movement on one side in the axial direction by frictional force and mechanically act on the differential limiting device. A planetary gear type differential device (Claim 1), characterized in that the differential limiting means is provided on the other side in the axial direction and is actuated by the differential detection biasing means.
and a differential detection biasing means that includes a disc fitted to one shaft, a cam plate fitted to the carrier and elastically pressed against the disc, and a cam generated by friction between the disc and the cam plate. It includes a cam that is pushed up as it rotates by rotational force in the circumferential direction of the plate, and a carrier spline-fitted to the other shaft that moves axially and transmits the pressure generated in the cam to the differential limiting device. There is provided a differential device according to claim 1 (claim 2), wherein the differential limiting device is a multi-disc clutch provided between a ring gear support member fitted to the other shaft and the carrier. Ru.
【０００８】以下に実施例を用いて本発明を詳細に説明
する。The present invention will be explained in detail below using examples.
【０００９】[0009]
【実施例】図１は本発明実施例の平面断面図、図２は図
１のＡ−Ａ断面図、図３は図２のＢ−Ｂ矢視図、図４は
従来例の断面図である。[Embodiment] FIG. 1 is a plan sectional view of an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG. 1, FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along the line BB in FIG. be.
【００１０】図１，２，３において、１は差動装置、２
は差動制限装置、３はデフケース、３Ａはデフケース左
突起部、３Ｂはデフケース右突起部、４Ａは左側キャリ
ア、４Ｂは右側キャリア、４Ｃはカム、４Ｄはキャリア
右側突起、４Ｓはスプライン、５，６は遊星歯車軸（兼
プッシュロッド）、７は左車軸、８は右車軸、１０は円
板、１１は摩擦板（カムプレート）、１２はダイアフラ
ムスプリング、１５はリングギア外歯、１６はリングギ
ア内歯、１７，１８はピニオン遊星歯車、１９は太陽歯
車、１９Ｓはスプライン、２５は多板クラッチ（摩擦板
）、３０はケーシング、３１，３２はベアリングである
。In FIGS. 1, 2, and 3, 1 is a differential gear; 2 is a differential gear;
is a differential limiter, 3 is a differential case, 3A is a left protrusion of the differential case, 3B is a right protrusion of the differential case, 4A is a left carrier, 4B is a right carrier, 4C is a cam, 4D is a right protrusion of the carrier, 4S is a spline, 5, 6 is a planetary gear shaft (also a push rod), 7 is a left axle, 8 is a right axle, 10 is a disc, 11 is a friction plate (cam plate), 12 is a diaphragm spring, 15 is a ring gear external tooth, 16 is a ring Gear internal teeth, 17 and 18 are pinion planetary gears, 19 is a sun gear, 19S is a spline, 25 is a multi-plate clutch (friction plate), 30 is a casing, and 31, 32 are bearings.
【００１１】図１において、エンジンからの動力はリン
グギア外歯１５から入り、同内歯１６に噛合するピニオ
ン遊星歯車１７，１８を経て太陽歯車１９に伝えられ、
スプライン１９Ｓを経て左車軸７に伝えられる。一方遊
星歯車１７，１８からその軸５，６に伝えられた動力は
右側キャリア４Ｂに伝えられ、スプライン４Ｓを経て右
車軸８に伝えられる。In FIG. 1, power from the engine enters through the ring gear's external teeth 15 and is transmitted to the sun gear 19 via pinion planetary gears 17 and 18 that mesh with the ring gear's internal teeth 16.
It is transmitted to the left axle 7 via the spline 19S. On the other hand, the power transmitted from the planetary gears 17, 18 to their shafts 5, 6 is transmitted to the right carrier 4B, and then to the right axle 8 via the spline 4S.
【００１２】また左側キャリア４Ａはその軸方向に台形
状に突出した多数のカムを周に沿って有し（図２参照）
、太陽歯車１９の端部１９Ａの周に沿って固着された円
板１０を介してデフケース左突起部３Ａによって軸方向
に支持された摩擦板（カムプレート）１１の切欠部１１
Ａに該カム４Ｃが嵌入されている。Further, the left carrier 4A has a large number of trapezoidal cams extending along its periphery in the axial direction (see FIG. 2).
, a notch 11 of a friction plate (cam plate) 11 supported in the axial direction by the left protrusion 3A of the differential case via a disc 10 fixed along the circumference of the end 19A of the sun gear 19.
The cam 4C is fitted into A.
【００１３】左右車軸７，８間で一方が空転するような
著しい差動が生じると円板１０とダイアフラムスプリン
グ１２で押圧付勢されているカムプレート１１との間に
摩擦が生じ、図２における矢印のいづれかの方向にカム
プレート１１が傾動（回動）する。その結果多数のカム
４Ｃは図１，３の矢印の方向に押し上げられる。そうす
ると遊星歯車の軸を兼ねるプッシュロッド５，６が右側
キャリァ４Ｂを右方向に押し、右側キャリアの突起４Ｄ
が多板クラッチ２５を右方に押圧する。その結果多板ク
ラッチ２５はキャリア突起部４Ｄとデフケース突起３Ｂ
との間で摩擦力を生じ、左右両軸７，８の間の差動を制
限する。When a significant differential occurs between the left and right axles 7 and 8 such that one of them is idling, friction occurs between the disk 10 and the cam plate 11 which is biased by the diaphragm spring 12, and as shown in FIG. The cam plate 11 tilts (rotates) in either direction of the arrow. As a result, many cams 4C are pushed up in the direction of the arrow in FIGS. 1 and 3. Then, the push rods 5 and 6, which also serve as the shafts of the planetary gears, push the right carrier 4B to the right, and the protrusion 4D of the right carrier
presses the multi-disc clutch 25 to the right. As a result, the multi-plate clutch 25 has a carrier protrusion 4D and a differential case protrusion 3B.
A frictional force is generated between the shafts 7 and 8, thereby limiting the differential motion between the left and right shafts 7 and 8.
【００１４】そして差動が減少して円板１０とカムプレ
ート１１との間の摩擦力が減ずるとダイアフラムスプリ
ング１２の弾力によって図１，２，３の矢印（動いた方
向）から元（逆）の方向に復元する。When the differential is reduced and the frictional force between the disc 10 and the cam plate 11 is reduced, the elasticity of the diaphragm spring 12 causes the arrow in FIGS. Restore in the direction of.
【００１５】従って通常のタイトコーナリング程度の差
動では差動制限装置２は殆ど働かず、通常の差動装置と
して機能し、回転数に応じて車軸７，８に動力を分配す
る。[0015] Therefore, under normal tight cornering differential, the differential limiting device 2 hardly works, and functions as a normal differential device, distributing power to the axles 7, 8 according to the rotational speed.
【００１６】なお、どの程度の差動から差動制限装置２
を働かせるかの調節は主にダイアフラムスプリング１２
のバネ常数によって決める事が出来る。[0016] Furthermore, from what degree of differential to the differential limiting device 2?
The adjustment of how the diaphragm spring works is mainly done by the diaphragm spring 12
It can be determined by the spring constant of .
【００１７】差動装置と差動制限装置のレイアウトにつ
いては、就中差動検出付勢手段と差動制限手段のレイア
ウトについては、これらを本実施例の如くキャリアの両
側にスプリットする他、いずれか一方に直列に配置する
事も考えられたが、そうすると結果的に軸方向の長さが
長大となる事を避けられず、コンパクト化の目的に反す
る事になるので廃案とした経緯がある。Regarding the layout of the differential device and the differential limiting device, especially the layout of the differential detecting and energizing means and the differential limiting device, in addition to splitting them on both sides of the carrier as in this embodiment, It was considered to arrange them in series on one side, but this would inevitably result in an increase in length in the axial direction, which would go against the purpose of compactness, so the idea was scrapped.
【００１８】更に詳述すると、本発明のカム機構はリン
グギアと太陽歯車とキャリアとを結ぶ重要な場所にあり
、軸方向キャリアのいづれか一方に差動検出付勢手段と
差動制限手段とを共存させたのでは、本発明のようなコ
ンパクト化効果は生じないのである。More specifically, the cam mechanism of the present invention is located at an important location connecting the ring gear, the sun gear, and the carrier, and includes differential detection biasing means and differential limiting means on either side of the axial carrier. If they coexist, the compacting effect of the present invention will not be achieved.
【００１９】なお、ＡＢＳ（アンチロックブレーキシス
テム）装着車の場合は左右輪速差を電子的に検出するの
で、その差動信号によって多板クラッチを加圧する油圧
シリンダを電子制御すればよい。In the case of a vehicle equipped with an ABS (anti-lock brake system), the difference in speed between the left and right wheels is electronically detected, so the hydraulic cylinder that pressurizes the multi-disc clutch may be electronically controlled based on the differential signal.
【００２０】従って本発明装置はＡＢＳを装着しない場
合に単独系で自動的にかつ機械的に差動差動制限する際
に有効である。Therefore, the device of the present invention is effective in automatically and mechanically limiting differential differential as a stand-alone system when ABS is not installed.
【００２１】なお本発明は前後車軸間の差動装置即ちセ
ンターデフにも適用可能である。The present invention can also be applied to a differential device between the front and rear axles, that is, a center differential.
【００２２】[0022]
【発明の効果】本発明により、前記目的のすべてが達成
される。すなわち機械式自動差動制限装置を備える軽量
コンパクトな遊星歯車式差動装置が得られる。The present invention achieves all of the above objectives. In other words, a lightweight and compact planetary gear differential equipped with a mechanical automatic differential limiting device can be obtained.
【図１】本発明実施例の平面断面図。FIG. 1 is a plan sectional view of an embodiment of the present invention.
【図２】図１のＡ−Ａ断面図。FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. 1;
【図３】図２のＢ−Ｂ矢視図。FIG. 3 is a view taken along the line B-B in FIG. 2;
【図４】図４は従来例の断面図。FIG. 4 is a sectional view of a conventional example.
１ 差動装置
２ 差動制限装置
３ デフケース
４Ａ 左側キャリア
４Ｂ 右側キャリア
４Ｃ カム
４Ｓ スプライン
５ 遊星歯車（プッシュロッド）６ 遊星
歯車（プッシュロッド）７ 左車軸
８ 右車軸
１０ 円板
１１ カムプレート
１２ ダイアフラムスプリング
２５ 多板クラッチ1 Differential device 2 Differential limiting device 3 Differential case 4A Left carrier 4B Right carrier 4C Cam 4S Spline 5 Planetary gear (push rod) 6 Planetary gear (push rod) 7 Left axle 8 Right axle 10 Disc 11 Cam plate 12 Diaphragm spring 25 Multi-plate clutch
Claims (2)
および該ピニオン遊星歯車を軸支するキャリアを有する
遊星歯車式差動装置において、軸方向片側に差動を摩擦
力によって検出して差動制限装置を機械的に作用させる
差動検出付勢手段を備え、軸方向他方側に前記差動検出
付勢手段によって作用する差動制限手段を備える事を特
徴とする遊星歯車式差動装置。Claim 1: In a planetary gear type differential device having a ring gear, a sun gear, a pinion planetary gear, and a carrier that pivotally supports the pinion planetary gear, differential movement is detected on one side in the axial direction by frictional force to limit the differential movement. What is claimed is: 1. A planetary gear type differential device, comprising differential detection and biasing means for mechanically acting on the device, and a differential limiting device on the other axial side that is acted on by the differential detection and biasing device.
た円板とキャリアに嵌着され該円板に対して弾性圧下さ
れるカムプレートと、円板とカムプレートとの摩擦によ
って生じるカムプレート周方向の回転力によって回動す
るにつれて押し上げられるカムと、軸方向に遊動してカ
ムに生じた圧力を差動制限装置に伝えるところの他方の
軸にスプライン嵌着されたキャリアとを備えて成り、差
動制限装置が、他方の軸に嵌着されたリングギア支持部
材とキャリアの間に設けられた多板クラッチでなる請求
項１に記載の差動装置。2. The differential detection biasing means includes a disc fitted to one shaft, a cam plate fitted to the carrier and elastically pressed against the disc, and the disc and the cam plate. A cam that is pushed up as it rotates due to rotational force in the circumferential direction of the cam plate caused by friction, and a carrier splined to the other shaft that moves axially and transmits the pressure generated on the cam to the differential limiting device. 2. The differential device according to claim 1, wherein the differential limiting device is a multi-plate clutch provided between a ring gear support member fitted to the other shaft and the carrier.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP10483791A JPH04310434A (en) | 1991-04-09 | 1991-04-09 | Differential gear |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP10483791A JPH04310434A (en) | 1991-04-09 | 1991-04-09 | Differential gear |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH04310434A true JPH04310434A (en) | 1992-11-02 |
Family
ID=14391473
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP10483791A Pending JPH04310434A (en) | 1991-04-09 | 1991-04-09 | Differential gear |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH04310434A (en) |
-
1991
- 1991-04-09 JP JP10483791A patent/JPH04310434A/en active Pending
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