JPH04274793A - Radiation detector - Google Patents
Radiation detectorInfo
- Publication number
- JPH04274793A JPH04274793A JP5976091A JP5976091A JPH04274793A JP H04274793 A JPH04274793 A JP H04274793A JP 5976091 A JP5976091 A JP 5976091A JP 5976091 A JP5976091 A JP 5976091A JP H04274793 A JPH04274793 A JP H04274793A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- mask
- light guide
- pmt
- scintillation
- scintillators
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 title claims description 12
- 230000004304 visual acuity Effects 0.000 abstract 3
- 206010036618 Premenstrual syndrome Diseases 0.000 description 5
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005251 gamma ray Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009206 nuclear medicine Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012780 transparent material Substances 0.000 description 1
Abstract
Description
【０００１】0001
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は核医学の分野で利用され
る。本発明は放射線検出器に関し、詳しくはシンチレー
タと、光電子増倍管などの光検出器と、ライトガイドと
からなる放射線検出器に関し、とくにガンマ線検出器、
ポジトロン（陽電子放射核種を用いた）ＣＴ用検出器に
用いられ、空間分解能について改良された放射線検出器
に関する。INDUSTRIAL APPLICATION FIELD The present invention is utilized in the field of nuclear medicine. The present invention relates to a radiation detector, and more particularly to a radiation detector comprising a scintillator, a photodetector such as a photomultiplier tube, and a light guide, and particularly to a gamma ray detector,
The present invention relates to a radiation detector that is used in a positron CT detector (using positron-emitting nuclides) and has improved spatial resolution.
【０００２】0002
【従来の技術】図４に例示するように、１つのシンチレ
ータ１０’に対して１つの光電子増倍管（ＰＭＴ）３０
’を接触させて接続した構造の放射線検出器が多かった
。2. Description of the Related Art As illustrated in FIG. 4, one photomultiplier tube (PMT) 30 is provided for one scintillator 10'.
Many radiation detectors had a structure in which they were connected by making contact.
【０００３】シンチレータないし蛍光体は微量のＴｌを
含むＮａＩやＢＧＯが一般に用いられ、放射線エネルギ
ーの蛍光への変換効率が高く、蛍光の透過性がよく、蛍
光の減衰時間が短く、蛍光の波長分布が使用するＰＭＴ
の分光感度に適応しているなどの特性を有している。ま
た、光電子増倍管（ＰＭＴないしフォトマル）は１つの
半透明光電面と１０〜１３個の二次電子面（ダイノード
）を持っており、シンチレータの発光で光電面から出さ
れた光電子は第１の二次電子面で数倍になり、さらにこ
れらの電子は次々に二次電子面で増倍されて、全体では
１０の７乗倍程度の増幅を受ける。[0003] As scintillators or phosphors, NaI or BGO containing a small amount of Tl are generally used, and they have a high conversion efficiency of radiation energy into fluorescence, good fluorescence transparency, short fluorescence decay time, and a narrow fluorescence wavelength distribution. PMT used by
It has characteristics such as being adapted to the spectral sensitivity of In addition, a photomultiplier tube (PMT or photomultiplier) has one translucent photocathode and 10 to 13 secondary electron surfaces (dynodes), and the photoelectrons emitted from the photocathode by light emission from the scintillator are The number of electrons is multiplied several times by the secondary electron surface of 1, and these electrons are further multiplied one after another by the secondary electron surface, resulting in a total amplification of about 10 to the 7th power.
【０００４】0004
【発明が解決しようとする課題】１つのシンチレータに
１つのＰＭＴを接続した検出器では、シンチレータの大
きさがＰＭＴの大きさで制限されてしまい、空間分解能
を向上できないうえ、コストが高くなるという問題点が
あった。[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] In a detector in which one PMT is connected to one scintillator, the size of the scintillator is limited by the size of the PMT, making it impossible to improve spatial resolution and increasing costs. There was a problem.
【０００５】また、複数のシンチレータとそれより数少
ないＰＭＴとにより構成し、ＰＭＴに基づいて位置計算
する方法が考えられるが、この場合、周辺部のシンチレ
ータ間で空間分解能が得られないという問題点があった
。[0005]Also, a method can be considered in which a plurality of scintillators and a smaller number of PMTs are used to calculate the position based on the PMTs, but in this case, there is a problem that spatial resolution cannot be obtained between the scintillators in the peripheral area. there were.
【０００６】本発明の目的は、複数のシンチレータとそ
れより数少ないＰＭＴを使い、シンチレータの発光位置
とＰＭＴの光電子出力位置との間に位置ずれがないよう
、つまり空間分解能の高い放射線検出器を提供すること
である。An object of the present invention is to provide a radiation detector that uses a plurality of scintillators and a smaller number of PMTs so that there is no positional deviation between the light emitting position of the scintillator and the photoelectron output position of the PMT, that is, a radiation detector with high spatial resolution. It is to be.
【０００７】[0007]
【課題を解決するための手段】前記した目的は、複数の
シンチレータと、それより数少ない光検出器と、前二者
間に介在するライトガイドとからなる放射線検出器にお
いて、前記ライトガイドに空間分解能を高めるためのマ
スクを施すことにより、達成される。[Means for Solving the Problems] The above object is to provide a radiation detector comprising a plurality of scintillators, a smaller number of photodetectors, and a light guide interposed between the two, in which the light guide has a spatial resolution. This is achieved by applying a mask to increase the
【０００８】[0008]
【作用】シンチレータとＰＭＴとを接触させないで、石
英ガラス、アクリライト棒などの透明で屈析率の高い物
質からなるライトガイドを介在させ、これによりシンチ
レータの発光をＰＭＴに導かせ、その際ライトガイドに
マスクが施されているのでこのマスクによりＰＭＴに導
かれる光量を調整して、空間分解能を高める。[Operation] Instead of making the scintillator and PMT contact each other, a light guide made of a transparent material with a high refractive index, such as quartz glass or acrylic rod, is interposed to guide the scintillator's light emission to the PMT. Since the guide is masked, the amount of light guided to the PMT is adjusted by this mask to improve spatial resolution.
【０００９】[0009]
【実施例】本発明の好適な実施例は図面に基づいて説明
される。図４に従来のＰＥＴの検出器を示す。この場合
、シンチレータ１０’のサイズをＰＭＴ３０’の径以下
に小さくすることができないうえに、コストが高くなる
という問題点があった。DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Preferred embodiments of the invention will be explained with reference to the drawings. FIG. 4 shows a conventional PET detector. In this case, there are problems in that the size of the scintillator 10' cannot be made smaller than the diameter of the PMT 30', and the cost increases.
【００１０】図３は本発明の１実施例を示した要部斜視
図である。検出器はシンチレータ１０と、ライトガイド
２０と、ＰＭＴ３０とからなり、シンチレータ１０が数
多く使われ、ＰＭＴ３０はそれより数少なく用いられて
いる。ライトガイド２０は上下２層構造になっており、
２層の間には黒の筋模様で例示されたマスクが施されて
いる。FIG. 3 is a perspective view of essential parts showing one embodiment of the present invention. The detector consists of a scintillator 10, a light guide 20, and a PMT 30. A large number of scintillators 10 are used, and a smaller number of PMTs 30 are used. The light guide 20 has a two-layer structure, upper and lower.
Between the two layers is a mask illustrated with black stripes.
【００１１】図１は本発明の動作原理説明図である。シ
ンチレータ１０ａに入射したγ線は発光し、ライトガイ
ド面に到達する。この発光はマスク無しの場合はＰＭＴ
３０Ａ、３０Ｂにも発光は達するが、ライトガイドにマ
スクのある場合はＰＭＴ３０Ａへの光の到達は影響され
にくいが、ＰＭＴ３０Ｂへの光の到達は影響される。FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of the operating principle of the present invention. The γ rays incident on the scintillator 10a emit light and reach the light guide surface. This emission is PMT without a mask.
Light emission also reaches PMT 30A and 30B, but if the light guide has a mask, the light reaching PMT 30A is hardly affected, but the light reaching PMT 30B is affected.
【００１２】このように、光の到達をライトガイド内の
マスクにより調整すれば、マスク無しでは周辺部の空間
分解能が得られないのに対して、マスク有りでは周辺部
の空間分解能が得られるようになる。[0012] In this way, if the arrival of light is adjusted by the mask in the light guide, spatial resolution in the peripheral area cannot be obtained without the mask, whereas spatial resolution in the peripheral area can be obtained with the mask. become.
【００１３】図２は本発明によるライトガイドを上方か
ら見た図を示す。ライトガイドのマスクはこのように２
次元的に施すことが可能であることを単に示すのみであ
り、このようなマスクが効果的であるとは限らない。FIG. 2 shows a top view of a light guide according to the invention. The light guide mask is like this 2
It merely indicates that it is possible to apply it dimensionally; it does not necessarily mean that such a mask will be effective.
【００１４】なお、マスクは白色、黒色のペイント等で
作成することが可能である。また、１次元の放射線位置
検出器として応用することも可能である。前述したよう
に、マスクの形状は実施例に限らない。Note that the mask can be created using white or black paint. It is also possible to apply it as a one-dimensional radiation position detector. As mentioned above, the shape of the mask is not limited to the embodiment.
【００１５】[0015]
【効果】少ないＰＭＴで多くのシンチレータを弁別でき
るのでコストを安くできる。空間分解能をＰＭＴの大き
さに制限されることなく向上できる。周辺のシンチレー
タに対しても空間分解能を向上できる。[Effect] Since many scintillators can be discriminated with a small number of PMTs, costs can be reduced. Spatial resolution can be improved without being limited by the size of PMT. Spatial resolution can also be improved for surrounding scintillators.
【００１６】[0016]
【図１】本発明の動作原理説明図。FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating the operating principle of the present invention.
【図２】本発明によるライトガイド上面図。FIG. 2 is a top view of the light guide according to the present invention.
【図３】本発明の１実施例を示した要部斜視図。FIG. 3 is a perspective view of essential parts showing one embodiment of the present invention.
【図４】従来例の見取り図。FIG. 4 is a sketch of a conventional example.
１０ シンチレータ ２０ ライトガイド ３０ ＰＭＴ 10 scintillator 20 Light guide 30 PMT
Claims (1)
ない光検出器と、前二者間に介在するライトガイドとか
らなる放射線検出器において、前記ライトガイドに空間
分解能を高めるためのマスクが施されていることを特徴
とする、放射線検出器。Claim 1: A radiation detector comprising a plurality of scintillators, a smaller number of photodetectors, and a light guide interposed between the two scintillators, wherein the light guide is provided with a mask to increase spatial resolution. A radiation detector characterized by:
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP5976091A JPH04274793A (en) | 1991-02-28 | 1991-02-28 | Radiation detector |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP5976091A JPH04274793A (en) | 1991-02-28 | 1991-02-28 | Radiation detector |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH04274793A true JPH04274793A (en) | 1992-09-30 |
Family
ID=13122545
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP5976091A Pending JPH04274793A (en) | 1991-02-28 | 1991-02-28 | Radiation detector |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH04274793A (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2004049003A1 (en) * | 2002-11-26 | 2004-06-10 | Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH | Locally sensitive measuring device |
| US20130313442A1 (en) * | 2012-05-25 | 2013-11-28 | KLA-Tencor Corporation, a Delaware Corporation | Photoemission monitoring of euv mirror and mask surface contamination in actinic euv systems |
| WO2014132728A1 (en) * | 2013-02-28 | 2014-09-04 | 株式会社 日立ハイテクノロジーズ | Radiation image sensor |
| JP2015506468A (en) * | 2011-12-22 | 2015-03-02 | ゼネラル・エレクトリック・カンパニイ | Detector array and method of manufacturing detector array |
-
1991
- 1991-02-28 JP JP5976091A patent/JPH04274793A/en active Pending
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2004049003A1 (en) * | 2002-11-26 | 2004-06-10 | Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH | Locally sensitive measuring device |
| JP2015506468A (en) * | 2011-12-22 | 2015-03-02 | ゼネラル・エレクトリック・カンパニイ | Detector array and method of manufacturing detector array |
| US20130313442A1 (en) * | 2012-05-25 | 2013-11-28 | KLA-Tencor Corporation, a Delaware Corporation | Photoemission monitoring of euv mirror and mask surface contamination in actinic euv systems |
| US9453801B2 (en) * | 2012-05-25 | 2016-09-27 | Kla-Tencor Corporation | Photoemission monitoring of EUV mirror and mask surface contamination in actinic EUV systems |
| TWI607287B (en) * | 2012-05-25 | 2017-12-01 | 克萊譚克公司 | Photoelectron emission mapping system for photolithography masks, a photoelectron emission mapping system for extreme ultraviolet mirrors, a method for assessing contamination on one or more photolithography masks and a method for assessing contamination |
| WO2014132728A1 (en) * | 2013-02-28 | 2014-09-04 | 株式会社 日立ハイテクノロジーズ | Radiation image sensor |
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