JPH04260488A - Apparatus and method for recovering and recycling waste refuse - Google Patents
Apparatus and method for recovering and recycling waste refuseInfo
- Publication number
- JPH04260488A JPH04260488A JP3044430A JP4443091A JPH04260488A JP H04260488 A JPH04260488 A JP H04260488A JP 3044430 A JP3044430 A JP 3044430A JP 4443091 A JP4443091 A JP 4443091A JP H04260488 A JPH04260488 A JP H04260488A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- specific gravity
- waste
- materials
- organic
- matter
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 title claims description 60
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 20
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 title 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011147 inorganic material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 abstract 4
- 229920000620 organic polymer Polymers 0.000 abstract 3
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 43
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 description 18
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 11
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 11
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 10
- 235000021190 leftovers Nutrition 0.000 description 10
- 239000010794 food waste Substances 0.000 description 9
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000123 paper Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000013502 plastic waste Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000006148 magnetic separator Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 4
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003516 soil conditioner Substances 0.000 description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009629 microbiological culture Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000000078 claw Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000004794 expanded polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010169 landfilling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010812 mixed waste Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019645 odor Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010893 paper waste Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241001148470 aerobic bacillus Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000003915 air pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010000 carbonizing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011152 fibreglass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005389 magnetism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000052769 pathogen Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004078 waterproofing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
Landscapes
- Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Combined Means For Separation Of Solids (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】0001
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は家庭、事務所から排出さ
れるゴミ等、一般廃棄物を分別し、分別された主として
高分子化合物からなる成分から油を製造する還元再生装
置およびそれを用いた再生油の製造方法である。更に詳
しくは鉄及びその他の金属の分別、有機物と無機物との
分別、重比重物と軽比重物との分別、大容積物と小容積
物との分別等を行う各分別装置から構成され、一般廃棄
物を逐次分別し、分別された主として高分子化合物から
なる成分から油を製造する再生油製造することにより公
害を防止し、廃棄物から油を再生し、資源を有効に回収
するための処理装置および処理方法である。[Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a reduction and regeneration device that separates general waste such as garbage discharged from homes and offices and produces oil from the separated components mainly consisting of high molecular compounds, and the use of the same. This is a method for producing recycled oil. More specifically, it consists of various sorting equipment that separates iron and other metals, organic and inorganic substances, heavy and light specific gravity substances, large volume items and small volume items, etc. A process in which waste is sequentially separated and oil is produced from the separated components, mainly consisting of polymeric compounds. This process prevents pollution by producing recycled oil, regenerates oil from waste, and effectively recovers resources. An apparatus and a processing method.
【０００２】0002
【従来の技術】産業の成長、消費の拡大、生活の高度化
に伴い、家庭、事務所から排出される廃棄物の量は増加
の一途をたどっており、環境悪化の原因となるためその
処理対策は大きな社会問題となっている。従来、合成樹
脂製の製品の廃棄物は、主として埋め立て処理方式又は
焼却処理方式によって処理されていた。前者の方式では
、埋め立てによる土壌汚染公害が問題となり、後者の方
式では、焼却による大気汚染公害が問題となっていた。
更に後者の方式では、焼却時に高熱が発生するため、焼
却装置自体を傷め、装置の寿命は比較的短かった。また
、合成樹脂は石油を原料としているため、廃棄物を乾留
し、乾留により発生したガスを液化することにより、軽
油及び重油に戻ることが知られており、この処理方式で
上記の廃棄物を処理することも可能となる。この処理方
式によれば、再利用しうる軽油及び重油が得られるため
、前者の処理方式に比べて有利である。しかし、従来の
この種の処理方式では、重油の回収率が悪くしかも得ら
れた重油の品質も悪く実用的ではなかった。
また、現在、熱可塑性プラスチック廃棄物の大部分はポ
リオレフィン系（ポリエチレン（ＰＥ）、ポリプロピレ
ン（ＰＰ）、ガラス強化プラスチック（ＦＲＰ） ）、
ポリスチレン（ＰＳ），ポリ塩化ビニール等であるが、
ポリ塩化ビニールのような塩素含有プラスチック以外の
ものは、主として炭素および水素からなり、再生油の原
料として有効であるので、これらの廃プラスチックを対
象として、その処理方式の実現が望まれていた。[Background Art] With the growth of industry, expansion of consumption, and increasing sophistication of lifestyle, the amount of waste generated from homes and offices continues to increase. Countermeasures have become a major social issue. Conventionally, waste products made of synthetic resins have been mainly disposed of by landfilling or incineration. In the former method, soil contamination caused by landfilling became a problem, while in the latter method, air pollution caused by incineration became a problem. Furthermore, in the latter method, high heat is generated during incineration, which damages the incinerator itself, resulting in a relatively short lifespan. In addition, since synthetic resins are made from petroleum, it is known that by carbonizing the waste and liquefying the gas generated by the carbonization, it can be returned to light oil and heavy oil. It also becomes possible to process. According to this treatment method, reusable light oil and heavy oil can be obtained, so it is more advantageous than the former treatment method. However, with this type of conventional processing method, the recovery rate of heavy oil was poor and the quality of the obtained heavy oil was also poor, making it impractical. Currently, most of the thermoplastic waste is polyolefin-based (polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), glass-reinforced plastic (FRP)),
Polystyrene (PS), polyvinyl chloride, etc.
Plastics other than chlorine-containing plastics, such as polyvinyl chloride, mainly consist of carbon and hydrogen, and are effective as raw materials for recycled oil, so it has been desired to realize a treatment method for these waste plastics.
【０００３】0003
【発明が解決しようとする課題】本発明はこのような従
来の処理方法の欠点をなくし、一般廃棄物を無公害に処
理するとともに、廃棄物中の高分子化合物等から油製品
を回収利用することを目的としたものである。廃棄物は
一般に資源としてリサイクル可能なもの、燃料として有
効なものを多く含んでいるにも拘らず、莫大な種類の物
質が混合しているため、、エネルギーや資源の回収が有
効に行なわれず、無価値なものとして廃棄されしかも公
害の発生の原因となっている。発明者は、このような廃
棄物をその内容に応じて細かく分類するため 各種の
単位装置を準備し、それらの単位装置を必須の装置とし
て備えた廃棄物処理装置を用い、可燃性、大きさ、重量
等の相違により、廃棄物を細かく分類することによって
公害の発生を伴うことなく、廃棄物から油が有効に回収
できることを見出し、本発明に到達した。[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] The present invention eliminates the drawbacks of such conventional treatment methods, treats general waste in a non-polluting manner, and recovers and uses oil products from polymer compounds etc. in the waste. It is intended for this purpose. Although waste generally contains many things that can be recycled as resources and things that can be used as fuel, because it is a mixture of a huge variety of materials, it is difficult to recover energy and resources effectively. They are discarded as worthless items and cause pollution. In order to finely classify such waste according to its content, the inventor prepared various unit devices, and used a waste processing device equipped with these unit devices as essential devices, and classified them according to combustibility, size, etc. The inventors have discovered that oil can be effectively recovered from waste without causing pollution by classifying waste into smaller pieces based on differences in weight, etc., and have arrived at the present invention.
【０００４】0004
【課題を解決するための手段】すなわち本発明は、廃棄
物を貯蔵する貯溜槽、ごみ袋を破り、内容物を取り出す
破袋装置、取出された廃棄物を破砕する破砕装置、水分
の含有率を均一化させるための分解混合装置、比重差に
より分別する比重分類装置、重比重物を更に再分類する
回収装置、中比重物の有機・無機分類装置、分離された
有機物から高分子化合物を分離する有機・高分子分類装
置、高分子化合物から再生油を製造する再生油製造装置
とを備えた廃棄物の還元再生装置であり、本発明はまた
必要に応じて微生物を培養し、培養された微生物を貯溜
槽に供給する微生物培養装置および／又は、分離された
無機物を建材に加工する建材製造装置および有機肥料、
土壌改良剤製造装置を更に備えたことを特徴とする廃棄
物の還元再生装置、およびこれを用いた廃棄物からの再
生油の製造方法である。[Means for Solving the Problems] That is, the present invention provides a storage tank for storing waste, a bag breaking device for tearing a garbage bag and taking out the contents, a crushing device for crushing the taken out waste, and a moisture content ratio. decomposition and mixing equipment to homogenize substances, specific gravity classification equipment to separate based on differences in specific gravity, recovery equipment to further reclassify heavy specific gravity substances, organic/inorganic classification equipment for medium specific gravity substances, and separation of high molecular compounds from separated organic substances. The present invention also provides a waste reduction and regeneration device comprising an organic/polymer classification device for producing recycled oil from polymer compounds, and a recycled oil production device for producing recycled oil from polymer compounds. A microbial culture device that supplies microorganisms to a storage tank, and/or a building material manufacturing device that processes separated inorganic substances into building materials, and an organic fertilizer;
A waste reduction and regeneration device further comprising a soil conditioner production device, and a method for producing recycled oil from waste using the same.
【０００５】一般廃棄物中には不燃物及び可燃物を含有
している。主な不燃物には金属類、ガラス、土砂、コン
クリート、レンガ類及び水などがあり、又可燃物には残
飯類、植物類、高分子類、繊維類天然素材等がある。本
発明装置はこれらを分別し、可燃物を焼却してエネルギ
ーを回収し、また再利用できる資源を最大限に利用する
ことを目的としている。本発明においては先ず、可燃物
類、不燃物類を分解混合し、ついで比重による分別、磁
気による鉄の分離、サイズによる分別、有機物、無機物
の分離、可燃物の燃焼、および必要に応じて離脱された
無機物からの建材の製造等が行なわれる。[0005] General waste contains incombustible and combustible materials. The main noncombustible materials include metals, glass, earth and sand, concrete, bricks, and water, and the combustible materials include leftover food, plants, polymers, and natural materials such as fibers. The device of the present invention aims to separate these materials, recover energy by incinerating combustible materials, and make maximum use of reusable resources. In the present invention, first, combustibles and non-combustibles are decomposed and mixed, then they are separated by specific gravity, iron is separated by magnetism, size is separated, organic and inorganic substances are separated, combustibles are burned, and if necessary, separated. The manufacturing of building materials from the inorganic materials produced is carried out.
【０００６】上記の如き処理を逐次行うために、本発明
装置はこれらを分別し、各分類工程を経て再生油製造用
原料から再生油を製造するために、下記の各単位装置を
備えている。
■廃棄物貯溜槽
■破袋装置
■破砕装置
■分解混合装置
■比重分類装置
■金属及び可燃重量物の回収装置
■有機物・無機物分類装置
■有機・高分子分類装置
■再生油製造装置にて再製油を製造する。[0006] In order to perform the above-mentioned processing sequentially, the apparatus of the present invention is equipped with the following unit apparatuses in order to separate these and produce recycled oil from the raw materials for producing recycled oil through each classification process. . ■Waste storage tank ■Bag breaking device ■Crushing device ■Decomposition and mixing device ■Specific gravity classification device ■Metal and combustible heavy materials recovery device ■Organic/inorganic material classification device ■Organic/polymer classification device ■Recycled oil production equipment Manufacture oil.
【０００７】また本発明装置の好ましい実施態様におい
ては更に、（１０）微生物培養装置及び／または（１１
）建材製造装置
（１２）有機肥料、土壌改良剤製造装置を備えている。
上記各単位装置からなる本発明装置の全体構成を図１に
示す。以下各単位装置について具体的に説明する。Further, in a preferred embodiment of the device of the present invention, (10) a microorganism culturing device and/or (11)
) Building materials manufacturing equipment (12) Equipped with organic fertilizer and soil conditioner manufacturing equipment. FIG. 1 shows the overall configuration of the apparatus of the present invention, which includes the above-mentioned unit devices. Each unit device will be specifically explained below.
【０００８】１は廃棄物貯溜槽であり、ごみ収集車が搬
送して来る一般廃棄物を貯溜する槽である。詰まり、引
っかかりのない構造とし、又排水が充分できるよう排水
溝のついているものが望ましい。Reference numeral 1 denotes a waste storage tank, which stores general waste transported by garbage trucks. It is preferable to have a structure that prevents clogging or getting caught, and to have a drainage groove to ensure sufficient drainage.
【０００９】２は微生物培養装置であり、生ごみから発
生する病原菌、害虫防止、腐敗菌を分解するための好気
菌を培養し、貯溜槽に添加する。微生物培養装置内で培
養された有効細菌が貯留槽内でタンパク質を栄養源とし
て繁殖し腐敗菌を消化する。悪臭の防止、衛生面の改善
、作業環境の改善のためにはこの微生物培養装置を備え
るのが好ましい。Reference numeral 2 is a microorganism culturing device, which cultivates aerobic bacteria for preventing pathogens, pests, and decomposing putrefactive bacteria generated from garbage, and adds it to the storage tank. Effective bacteria cultivated in the microbial culture device multiply in the storage tank using protein as a nutrient source and digest spoilage bacteria. In order to prevent bad odors, improve hygiene, and improve the working environment, it is preferable to include this microorganism culturing device.
【００１０】３は破袋装置であり、近年大型化している
ごみ袋を破り、袋内のごみを取り出すことを目的として
いる。破袋装置の構造の１例を示すと、Ｕ形のフレーム
の片側に軸受けで支持されたスクリューが複数あり、各
々単独のモーター減速機で独立駆動される。このスクリ
ューには強靱で耐摩耗性に優れたものを用いる。スクリ
ューには右巻きと左巻きがあり、破袋力、破砕力、解砕
力、処理能力、送り能力、粒度等の要求により適宜組合
せる。Reference numeral 3 denotes a bag tearing device whose purpose is to tear open garbage bags, which have become larger in recent years, and take out the garbage inside the bags. An example of the structure of the bag breaking device is that there are a plurality of screws supported by bearings on one side of a U-shaped frame, each of which is independently driven by a single motor speed reducer. The screw used is one that is strong and has excellent wear resistance. There are right-handed and left-handed screws, which can be combined as appropriate depending on requirements such as bag-breaking force, crushing force, crushing force, processing capacity, feeding capacity, particle size, etc.
【００１１】スクリューの外周には破砕爪が溶接されて
いる。クレーン、ショベルカー及び供給コンベヤーなど
で投入された古紙ベール、廃木材、各種廃棄物などの処
理物は回転するスクリュー間およびスクリューとフレー
ムに作用する圧縮力、引裂力、摩擦力によって解砕、破
袋、破砕を受けながら前方に送られる。またこの際スク
リュー外周に突起した爪が有効に作用し、破砕を効果的
に促進する。[0011] A crushing pawl is welded to the outer periphery of the screw. Processed materials such as used paper bales, waste wood, and various waste materials inputted by cranes, excavators, supply conveyors, etc. are crushed and crushed by compressive force, tearing force, and frictional force acting between the rotating screws and between the screws and the frame. The bag is sent forward while being crushed. Furthermore, at this time, the claws protruding from the outer periphery of the screw act effectively to promote crushing effectively.
【００１２】破袋装置にはフロントカッタが装置された
ものとないもの、および排出口が全開状のフルオープン
タイプのもの等があり、いずれも本発明装置に使用でき
るが、特にフロントカッタ付きのものは、延性材料の確
実な破砕や細かい破砕粒度が必要な場合に有効である。
フロントカッタ付きのタイプはスクリューの先端に取り
付けられた回転刃と、この内側に位置する固定刃との間
に作用するシャープな剪断力でスクリューで圧送されて
きた材料を破袋破砕する。この時、刃数の多い回転刃を
使えば細かく、少ないものを使えば粗く破袋、破砕され
る。処理能力は破砕粒度に反比例するので刃数が少ない
ものの方が処理能力は大きくなる。また、フロントカッ
タの取りはずしは自由でカッタなしのタイプは前端での
剪断破砕を受けないので最も粗い粒度で排出されるが逆
に処理能力は最大となる。古紙ベールの解砕のように細
かく砕く必要のない場合は、先端排出ドラムのないフル
オープンとする。これにより繊維が長いバラバラ状の紙
を排出する。Bag breaking devices include those with and without a front cutter, and those of a fully open type with a fully open discharge port, and all of them can be used with the device of the present invention, but especially those with a front cutter are used. This is effective when reliable crushing of ductile materials and fine crushing granularity is required. The type with a front cutter uses a sharp shearing force that acts between the rotating blade attached to the tip of the screw and the fixed blade located inside the blade to break up the material being pumped by the screw into bags. At this time, if a rotary blade with a large number of blades is used, the bag will be finely broken, and if a rotary blade with a small number of blades is used, the bag will be broken and crushed coarsely. The processing capacity is inversely proportional to the crushing particle size, so the one with fewer blades has a higher processing capacity. In addition, the front cutter can be freely removed, and the type without a cutter is not subjected to shear crushing at the front end, so it is discharged with the coarsest particle size, but on the other hand, the processing capacity is maximized. When it is not necessary to crush waste paper bales into fine pieces, use a fully open system without a discharging drum at the tip. This discharges loose paper with long fibers.
【００１３】破袋装置の制御には、所定のプログラムに
従ってスクリューを正逆転させる方式、正転時にスクリ
ューが過負荷になった時にこれを検出し、停止→逆転→
停止→正転を行う方式とさらに前者の制御方式をメイン
に、後者を加えた制御方式の３種類があり、いずれも本
発明に使用できる。第１の方式は定量供給性を重視した
古紙ベールの解砕、破砕に多く採用され、逆回転により
、スクリューへのワイヤ巻付きや絡みが防止される。
また第２方式の正逆転の回数はカウンタで任意に設定可
能になっている。[0013] The bag-breaking device is controlled by a method in which the screw is rotated in the forward and reverse directions according to a predetermined program, and when the screw becomes overloaded during forward rotation, this is detected and the system is stopped → reversed →
There are three types of control methods: a system that performs stop → forward rotation, and a control system that mainly uses the former control system but also includes the latter, and any of them can be used in the present invention. The first method is often adopted for crushing and crushing waste paper bales with emphasis on quantitative supply, and reverse rotation prevents wires from winding or becoming tangled around the screw. Further, the number of forward and reverse rotations in the second method can be arbitrarily set using a counter.
【００１４】なお貯溜槽１から破袋装置３への搬送は磁
選機を通過し、ごみ袋内に隠れた鉄類を袋ごと磁力で引
き上げる。次に破袋装置３から破砕装置４に送られ、破
袋され解袋された廃棄物の中から鉄だけを回収する。[0014] The transport from the storage tank 1 to the bag breaking device 3 passes through a magnetic separator, and the iron hidden inside the garbage bag is pulled up together with the bag by magnetic force. Next, the waste is sent from the bag breaking device 3 to the crushing device 4, and only iron is recovered from the broken and opened waste.
【００１５】破砕装置４は一般廃棄物類を破砕する装置
であり、二つの回転刃が噛み合って発生する強力な剪断
力により破砕が行われる。まず、上部から投入された被
破砕物は互いに内向きに回転する二軸に固定された回転
刃の爪刃により内部に引き込まれる。そして噛み合った
状態で回転する刃の外周エッジ間に連続的に作用する剪
断力でスリットされつつ引き込みの際に働く圧縮力によ
って破砕される。さらに破砕された物は回転により即時
全量が下方へ排出されると共に回転刃やスペーサに詰ま
ったり巻き付いたものはスクレーパーにより剥脱される
。ついで、破袋され解袋された廃棄物の中から鉄だけを
回収し、分解混合装置へ送られる。The crushing device 4 is a device for crushing general waste, and the crushing is performed by a strong shearing force generated by two rotating blades meshing with each other. First, the material to be crushed is introduced from the top and is drawn into the interior by the claw blades of rotary blades fixed to two shafts that rotate inwardly. Then, the blades are slit by the shearing force that continuously acts between the outer circumferential edges of the blades that rotate in the meshed state, and are crushed by the compressive force that acts when the blades are drawn. Furthermore, the entire amount of the crushed material is immediately discharged downward by rotation, and the material that is clogged or wrapped around the rotating blade or spacer is scraped off by the scraper. Then, only the iron is recovered from the waste that has been torn and opened, and is sent to a decomposition and mixing device.
【００１６】分解混合装置５は前工程の破砕装置４で一
定の大きさにされたごみの含水率を一定化するためと脱
水と混合を目的とし、比重選別しやすい状態にする。す
なわち、金属類、有機物類、無機物類、高分子類を分解
し混合するものである。この装置の１例は図２に示す。The decomposition/mixing device 5 is used to stabilize the moisture content of the waste, which has been reduced to a certain size by the crushing device 4 in the previous step, and to dehydrate and mix the waste, so that it can be easily subjected to specific gravity sorting. That is, it decomposes and mixes metals, organic substances, inorganic substances, and polymers. An example of this device is shown in FIG.
【００１７】図２において、上部を小径とし、下部を大
径とした上下段付直立円筒状ケーシング２１の内部中心
位置に垂直に支持した回転軸２２にチェーン２３を上下
多段に取付け、回転軸の下部に取付けた羽根部材２４に
臨むケーシング周壁部に、接線方向に開放とした排出口
２５を設けてある。回転によりチェーン２３が羽を広げ
た形となる。破砕装置４で破砕されたごみは、通管２７
から落下し、チェーン２３に叩かれ砕けて混合する。水
分の多い生ごみの場合、水分ははじかれて水分の少ない
紙や布、木片、木の葉等に吸収されて水分が一定化する
。このとき水分は草木葉、紙、布等の物体に吸収される
ため生ごみの腐敗臭を消すことができる。これが本発明
において分解混合装置５を設けたことの特長の一つであ
る。またチェーンの回転により風速６０ｍ／Ｓｅｃもの
風力が発生するのである程度の水分は蒸発除去される。
そして分解混合されたごみ混合物は底部の接線方向に開
口された排出口２５から、この風力により次の工程であ
る比重分類装置６に送られる。なおビン類、コンクリー
ト、レンガ等も分解混合装置で粉砕され、砂状となり、
水分はここにも吸収される。またビニール袋、衣類等は
小さく（１５ｃｍ程度）にちぎられ、風力で比重分類装
置に送られる。In FIG. 2, a chain 23 is attached in multiple stages above and below to a rotating shaft 22 that is vertically supported at the center of an upright cylindrical casing 21 with upper and lower stages, the upper part having a small diameter and the lower part having a large diameter. A discharge port 25 which is open in the tangential direction is provided in the peripheral wall of the casing facing the blade member 24 attached to the lower part. Due to the rotation, the chain 23 takes on the shape of spreading its wings. The waste crushed by the crushing device 4 is transferred to a passage pipe 27.
It falls from the chain 23, breaks into pieces, and mixes. In the case of food waste with a high moisture content, the moisture is repelled and absorbed by paper, cloth, wood chips, leaves, etc. that have a low moisture content, and the moisture content becomes constant. At this time, the moisture is absorbed by objects such as leaves, paper, and cloth, which eliminates the smell of rotting food waste. This is one of the features of providing the decomposition mixer 5 in the present invention. Further, since the rotation of the chain generates wind force of 60 m/sec, a certain amount of water is evaporated and removed. The decomposed and mixed waste mixture is then sent to the next step, the specific gravity sorting device 6, through the discharge port 25 opened in the tangential direction at the bottom by this wind force. Bottles, concrete, bricks, etc. are also pulverized by the decomposition and mixing equipment and turned into sand.
Water is also absorbed here. Also, plastic bags, clothing, etc. are torn into small pieces (about 15 cm) and sent to a specific gravity classification device using wind power.
【００１８】比重分類装置６では分解され混合されたご
みを比重と大きさに分け同類物質を結集する。分類は重
比重ごみ（主に金属類、重可燃物）中比重ごみ（主に残
飯類、土砂、レンガ、コンクリート、ガラスの粒粉状）
と軽比重ごみ（高分子シート、紙、布類）に分けられる
。The specific gravity classification device 6 separates the decomposed and mixed waste into specific gravity and size, and collects similar substances. The classification is heavy specific gravity garbage (mainly metals, heavy combustibles), medium specific gravity garbage (mainly food scraps, earth and sand, bricks, concrete, glass powder)
and light specific gravity waste (polymer sheets, paper, cloth).
【００１９】比重分類装置の１例を図３に示す。図３に
おいてケーシング３１内に５ｃｍ×５ｃｍの四角のパン
チング孔３３を多数あけたドラム３２が内蔵され、回転
する。分解混合装置５で発生した風力で送られ、ドラム
３２の中を通ってきたごみは、ドラムが回転することに
より上記パンチング孔３３から落ちるごみとそれ以上の
大きさのごみとに分別される。ドラム内には送り羽３４
が取りつけられ、大きいごみは回転しつつドラムの末端
まで運ばれる。そして分解混合装置５で発生した風力を
利用した比重別分類が同時に行なわれる。この処理によ
り、重比重で比較的大きい一体当の大きさが５０ｍｍ〜
２００ｍｍ 、重さが一体当５０ｇ以上の物が第１の排
出口３５より回収される。回収される成分は主として金
属類で鉄缶、アルミ缶、可燃物類および繊維系、天然素
材系の軍手袋、靴、スリッパー、タイヤ切れ端、プラス
チックボトル、果実の皮等である。回収されたこれらの
混合重比重物は金属及び可燃重量物の回収装置７へ移送
される。An example of a specific gravity classification device is shown in FIG. In FIG. 3, a drum 32 having a number of 5 cm x 5 cm square punching holes 33 is built into a casing 31 and rotates. The garbage that is sent by the wind force generated by the decomposition mixer 5 and passes through the drum 32 is separated into garbage that falls through the punched hole 33 and larger-sized garbage as the drum rotates. Feed blade 34 inside the drum
is attached to the drum, and large debris is transported to the end of the drum while rotating. At the same time, classification by specific gravity is performed using the wind force generated by the decomposition mixer 5. Through this treatment, the size of the unit, which is relatively large in terms of specific gravity, is 50 mm ~
Items with a diameter of 200 mm and a weight of 50 g or more are collected from the first discharge port 35. The main components to be recovered are metals such as iron cans, aluminum cans, combustible materials, textiles, gloves made from natural materials, shoes, slippers, tire scraps, plastic bottles, and fruit skins. These mixed gravity and specific gravity substances thus recovered are transferred to a recovery device 7 for metals and combustible heavy substances.
【００２０】一方上記パンチング孔から落下したごみは
残飯類、木片、木の葉、紙くず、プラスチックくず、糸
屑と土砂、コンクリート、レンガ、ガラス粒粉等の混合
物であり、サイズは粒粉状で０．１ｍｍ 〜３ｍｍ の
大きさで残飯類の水分に吸着されている。これらは第２
の排出口３６より排出され、回転式摩擦有機・無機分類
装置８に接続する。On the other hand, the garbage that fell from the punching hole is a mixture of leftover food, wood chips, leaves, paper scraps, plastic scraps, thread waste, earth and sand, concrete, brick, glass powder, etc., and the size is granular and 0. They have a size of 1 mm to 3 mm and are adsorbed by the water content of leftover food. These are the second
is discharged from the discharge port 36 and connected to the rotary frictional organic/inorganic sorting device 8.
【００２１】また比重分類装置６において風力で飛ばさ
れた軽比重物およびパンチング孔を通過しなかったごみ
は第３の排出口３７より排出される。これは主として高
分子化合物のシート、紙、布類であるが、表面積はやや
大きく１００ｍｍ 以上である。含水率は平均３０％〜
４０％で焼却するに適した水分である。高分子化合物は
高発熱量であり、残飯類を燃やすための補助燃料材とな
り自燃材料である。これらは焼却用ホッパー１０に貯溜
され、重比重可燃物および残飯類と混合される。[0021] Furthermore, light specific gravity substances blown away by the wind in the specific gravity sorting device 6 and garbage that did not pass through the punched holes are discharged from the third discharge port 37. These are mainly sheets of polymer compounds, paper, and cloth, but the surface area is rather large, 100 mm or more. The average moisture content is 30%~
40% moisture content is suitable for incineration. The polymer compound has a high calorific value and is a self-combusting material that serves as an auxiliary fuel material for burning leftover food. These are stored in the incineration hopper 10 and mixed with heavy specific gravity combustibles and food scraps.
【００２２】回収装置７は重比重物を更に細分類し資源
回収品と焼却処分品を分ける装置である。ここで鉄を磁
選機Ｅで回収し、更にアルミ等の鉄以外の金属Ｆとそれ
以外の粗大なごみ類Ｇとは大きさの差を利用して隙間分
別法等により分別する。分別された鉄、アルミ等は再生
品として販売される。金属類が分別された可燃重量物は
焼却炉用ホッパー１０に貯溜される。[0022] The recovery device 7 is a device that further subdivides heavy specific gravity materials and separates them into resource recovery products and incineration disposal products. Here, iron is collected by a magnetic separator E, and metals other than iron such as aluminum F and other bulky garbage G are separated by a gap separation method or the like using the difference in size. Separated steel, aluminum, etc. are sold as recycled products. Combustible heavy materials from which metals have been separated are stored in an incinerator hopper 10.
【００２３】上記の分別装置の１例を示すと、図４に示
すように、コンベアー４１で搬送されたごみの上部に設
けられた磁選機４２により鉄は吸い付けられ、分別され
る。磁選機を通過したごみは次のコンベアー４３に乗り
移されるが、その際両コンベアーの間に適当な隙間４４
を設けることにより小さな金属片類はコンベアー間の隙
間から落下するが、スリッパ、プラスチックボトル、果
実皮等の重可燃物はそのまま移動させることができる。As shown in FIG. 4, one example of the above-mentioned sorting apparatus is as shown in FIG. 4, where iron is attracted and separated by a magnetic separator 42 installed above the waste conveyed by a conveyor 41. The garbage that has passed through the magnetic separator is transferred to the next conveyor 43, but an appropriate gap 44 is left between the two conveyors.
By providing this, small pieces of metal will fall through the gaps between the conveyors, but heavy combustible items such as slippers, plastic bottles, and fruit peels can be moved as is.
【００２４】有機・無機分類装置８は混合された残飯類
と無機物類（土砂、レンガ、セメント、ガラス等の粒粉
状）を分離する目的と残飯類の含水率を下げ、その水分
により付着している無機物類を離脱する目的で開発され
た回転摩擦式装置である。有機・無機分類装置８におい
ては摩擦による自熱発生で残飯等に含まれている水分を
除去し含有率を４０〜５５％までに下げる。残飯類の含
水率が４０〜５５％になると土砂、レンガ、セメント、
ガラス等の粒粉状の無機物は自重で残飯類から離脱し、
離脱された無機物の粒粉は、ら線状に開けられた０．１
ｍｍ 〜３ｍｍの穴を通して、装置の下腹部に設置され
た排送コンベアーに載せられ、建材製造装置１１に送ら
れ、ここで軽量骨材等の製品に加工され再利用される。[0024] The purpose of the organic/inorganic sorting device 8 is to separate mixed leftovers and inorganic substances (grainy particles such as earth and sand, bricks, cement, glass, etc.), and to lower the moisture content of the leftovers and prevent adhesion due to the moisture. This is a rotary friction type device developed for the purpose of removing inorganic substances. In the organic/inorganic sorting device 8, water contained in leftover food is removed by self-heat generation due to friction, and the content is reduced to 40 to 55%. When the moisture content of leftover food reaches 40-55%, it becomes soil, brick, cement, etc.
Powder-like inorganic substances such as glass separate from leftover food under their own weight,
The separated inorganic powder is 0.1
The material is passed through a hole of 3 mm to 3 mm and placed on a delivery conveyor installed at the lower part of the device, and sent to the building material manufacturing device 11, where it is processed into products such as lightweight aggregate and reused.
【００２５】一方残飯類等の有機物は含水率４０〜５５
％で軽量状態で、回転移動している間にトロンメルン内
側に取付けられた羽根により前送りされ輸送管により有
機・高分子分類装置９に送られる。On the other hand, organic matter such as leftover food has a moisture content of 40 to 55.
While rotating, the trommel is transported forward by a vane attached to the inside of the trommel and sent to the organic/polymer classification device 9 through a transport pipe.
【００２６】有機・高分子分類装置９は有機物と高分子
化合物との混合物から、再生油の原料となる高分子化合
物を分離する機能を有するものである。有機・高分子分
類装置は主として生ごみとプラスチック類とを分類する
もので、その原理は裁断粉砕され、水分が均一化された
混合物を乾燥することにより、生ごみとプラスチック類
の帯電性の差を利用する。この装置の１例を示すと図５
に示すように、搬送されたごみは先ず乾燥キルン５１に
入り、バーナー５２から送風される２００℃以上の熱風
により乾燥されて、ベルトコンベアー５３により静電分
離装置５４に送られる。静電分離装置５４は左右両壁が
電極帯５５となっている。コンベアーにより送られた原
料は静電分離装置５４の上部開口部５６の中央より自然
落下させる。この原料のうち、食品残渣類は水分を内部
まで含んでいるので乾燥キルンでの熱風乾燥によっても
、表面部分のみが乾燥状態となっている。一方プラスチ
ック類は完全乾燥状態となっているので電極帯５５に高
静電圧（１万〜３万Ｖ）をかけると食品残渣類は内部電
子の移動が自由なため帯電せず、プラスチック類のみが
帯電し、左右の電極帯５５に吸引され、左右両端部に落
下し、また一部は電極帯５５に吸引されるが、これも放
電により両端部に落下し、そのまま中央部に落下する食
品残渣類と分離される。両者はそれぞれ静電分離装置５
４の底部の両端部に設置されたコンベアー５７と、底部
の中央部に設置されたコンベアー５８により分類搬送さ
れる。The organic/polymer classifier 9 has the function of separating a polymer compound, which is a raw material for recycled oil, from a mixture of organic substances and polymer compounds. The organic/polymer sorting device is mainly used to classify food waste and plastics.The principle behind this device is to separate the difference in chargeability between food waste and plastics by drying the mixture, which has been shredded, pulverized, and has a uniform moisture content. Use. An example of this device is shown in Figure 5.
As shown in the figure, the transported waste first enters a drying kiln 51, is dried by hot air of 200° C. or higher blown from a burner 52, and is sent to an electrostatic separator 54 by a belt conveyor 53. The electrostatic separation device 54 has electrode bands 55 on both left and right walls. The raw material sent by the conveyor is allowed to fall naturally from the center of the upper opening 56 of the electrostatic separator 54. Among these raw materials, food residues contain moisture deep inside, so even when dried with hot air in a drying kiln, only the surface portion remains dry. On the other hand, plastics are in a completely dry state, so when a high electrostatic voltage (10,000 to 30,000 V) is applied to the electrode band 55, food residues are not charged because internal electrons can move freely, and only plastics are charged. Food residue becomes electrically charged, is attracted to the left and right electrode bands 55, and falls to both the left and right ends, and some of it is attracted to the electrode bands 55, but this also falls to both ends due to electric discharge, and then falls to the center. It is separated from the class. Both are each equipped with an electrostatic separation device 5.
4 are classified and conveyed by conveyors 57 installed at both ends of the bottom and by a conveyor 58 installed at the center of the bottom.
【００２７】有機・高分子分類装置で分類された高分子
化合物は輸送管により再生油製造装置１２に送られる。
また有機物は有機肥料、土壌改良剤製造装置１０へ輸送
される。The polymer compounds classified by the organic/polymer classifier are sent to the recycled oil production device 12 via a transport pipe. Further, the organic matter is transported to the organic fertilizer/soil conditioner manufacturing apparatus 10.
【００２８】再生油製造装置１２においては上記有機・
高分子分類装置９で分類された高分子化合物のほか、比
重分類装置６および回収装置７から回収された高分子化
合物が混合され、再生油の製造に供される。再生油製造
装置は、プラスチック廃棄物を無酸素状態で乾留してガ
スを発生させる一次乾留装置と、一次乾留装置より供給
されたガスを、平均して５℃未満に急速冷却して液化す
る一次コンデンサと、一次コンデンサにより得た一次乾
留油を乾留してガス化する二次乾留装置と、二次乾留装
置より供給されたガスを平均して５℃未満に急速冷却し
液化して抽出油（軽油及び重油）とする二次コンデンサ
とよりなる構成である。In the recycled oil production device 12, the above-mentioned organic
In addition to the polymer compounds classified by the polymer classification device 9, the polymer compounds recovered from the specific gravity classification device 6 and recovery device 7 are mixed and used to produce recycled oil. The recycled oil production equipment consists of a primary carbonization device that carbonizes plastic waste in an oxygen-free condition to generate gas, and a primary carbonization device that rapidly cools the gas supplied from the primary carbonization device to an average temperature of less than 5°C and liquefies it. A condenser, a secondary carbonization device that carbonizes and gasifies the primary carbonization oil obtained by the primary condenser, and a secondary carbonization device that rapidly cools the gas supplied from the secondary carbonization device to an average temperature of less than 5°C and liquefies the extracted oil ( The structure consists of a secondary capacitor that uses light oil and heavy oil).
【００２９】次に再生油製造装置の一例について説明す
る。図６は本発明のプラスチック廃棄物の再生油製造装
置１２の全体構成を概略的に示す。まず、ポリオレフィ
ン系プラスチックの廃棄物を油化するプロセスについて
説明する。図中、６２は一次乾留装置、６３は一次コン
デンサ、６４は二次乾留装置、６５は二次コンデンサで
ある。回収されたポリオレフィン系プラスチック廃棄物
（粗大廃材）６６は、まず破砕機６７で多数の小片に破
砕される。破砕された小片は、コンベヤ６８により搬送
され、ホッパ６９に貯えられ、更にはホッパ６９よりコ
ンベヤ７０により搬送されて一次乾留装置６２の乾留釜
７１内に定量連続投入される。乾留釜７１はバーナ７２
で約５００ ℃に加熱される。乾留釜７１は密閉構造で
あり、且つ真空ポンプ７３により内部の空気が排出され
た無酸素状態にあり、プラスチック廃棄物６６の小片は
乾留され、熱分解してガスを発生する。プラスチック廃
棄物６６の小片はこの乾留釜７１内で消滅する。発生し
たガスは、配管７４を介して一次コンデンサ６３に供給
され、ここで５℃未満にまで急速に冷却されて液化され
、一次乾留油（９０％）と可燃性ガス（５％）と残渣（
５％）に分かれる。一次乾留油はコンデンサ６３の下部
の低圧油槽に溜り、可燃性ガスは乾留装置６２の補助燃
料として使用される。Next, an example of a recycled oil production apparatus will be explained. FIG. 6 schematically shows the overall configuration of an apparatus 12 for producing recycled oil from plastic waste according to the present invention. First, we will explain the process of turning polyolefin plastic waste into oil. In the figure, 62 is a primary carbonization device, 63 is a primary condenser, 64 is a secondary carbonization device, and 65 is a secondary condenser. The recovered polyolefin plastic waste (large waste material) 66 is first crushed into a large number of small pieces by a crusher 67. The crushed pieces are conveyed by a conveyor 68, stored in a hopper 69, further conveyed from the hopper 69 by a conveyor 70, and continuously fed in fixed quantities into a carbonization pot 71 of a primary carbonization device 62. Carbonization pot 71 is burner 72
is heated to approximately 500°C. The carbonization tank 71 has a closed structure and is in an oxygen-free state with the air inside being exhausted by a vacuum pump 73, and small pieces of the plastic waste 66 are carbonized and thermally decomposed to generate gas. Small pieces of plastic waste 66 disappear in this carbonization tank 71. The generated gas is supplied to the primary condenser 63 via piping 74, where it is rapidly cooled to below 5°C and liquefied, resulting in primary carbonized oil (90%), flammable gas (5%), and residue (
5%). The primary carbonized oil is stored in a low-pressure oil tank below the condenser 63, and the flammable gas is used as auxiliary fuel for the carbonized distillation device 62.
【００３０】一次乾留油は、ポンプ７５によりポンプア
ップされ配管７６を介して二次乾留装置６４の乾留釜７
７内にその頂部より微粒子状に噴射されて供給される。
乾留釜７７は、密閉構造であり且つ真空ポンプ７８によ
り内部の空気が排出された無酸素状態にあり、後述する
ように一次乾留装置６２よりの排熱を利用して、又は補
助バーナ７９により約２００ ℃〜３００ ℃に加熱さ
れている。これにより、上記液化油は、乾留釜７７内で
乾留され、熱分解してガスを発生する。The primary carbonized oil is pumped up by a pump 75 and sent to the carbonized tank 7 of the secondary carbonized distillation device 64 via a pipe 76.
7 is injected from the top in the form of fine particles. The carbonization tank 77 has a closed structure and is in an oxygen-free state with the air inside being exhausted by a vacuum pump 78, and is heated by using exhaust heat from the primary carbonization device 62 or by an auxiliary burner 79 as described later. It is heated to 200°C to 300°C. As a result, the liquefied oil is carbonized in the carbonization tank 77 and thermally decomposed to generate gas.
【００３１】発生したガスは、配管８０を介して二次コ
ンデンサ６５に供給され、ここで５℃未満にまで急速に
冷却されて液化され、抽出油（軽油及び重油）となり、
下部の低圧油槽に溜る。抽出油はポンプ８１により配管
８２を通して処理装置８３に供給され、ここでゼオライ
ト層８４を通して臭いと色及びパラフィン系を除去され
、更には配管８５を通してタンク８６に供給され、ここ
に貯蔵される。８７は流量計である。The generated gas is supplied to the secondary condenser 65 via the pipe 80, where it is rapidly cooled to less than 5°C and liquefied to become extracted oil (light oil and heavy oil).
Collects in the low pressure oil tank at the bottom. The extracted oil is supplied by a pump 81 through a pipe 82 to a processing device 83, where it is passed through a zeolite layer 84 to remove odor, color and paraffinic substances, and further supplied through a pipe 85 to a tank 86, where it is stored. 87 is a flow meter.
【００３２】建材製造装置１１においては有機・無機分
類装置で分離された無機物がコンベアーＫにより搬送さ
れ混練し、軽量骨材として建材に加工される。建材製造
装置における建材製造法の１例を示すと、発泡ポリスチ
レンの粒子（発泡倍率６０〜１２０倍の玉）に粘度質の
土を混合し、これに上記有機・無機分類装置８から回収
された無機物および焼却炉から取り出された灰分をまぶ
し、これにセメントをつけ、乾燥して軽量骨材が得られ
る。このような方法で得られた骨材は軽量であるため、
高層建築の建設現場にポンプ輸送できること、発泡ポリ
スチレンが芯であるため、保温保冷、防音、防水に優れ
ていること等、多くの利点があり、利用価値が高い。本
発明において廃棄物の中から無機物資源を有効に活用す
るためにはこの建材装置を備えるのが好ましい。In the building material manufacturing device 11, the inorganic materials separated by the organic/inorganic sorting device are conveyed by a conveyor K, kneaded, and processed into building materials as lightweight aggregate. An example of a building material manufacturing method in a building material manufacturing device is that viscous soil is mixed with expanded polystyrene particles (balls with an expansion ratio of 60 to 120 times), and mixed with the viscous soil collected from the organic/inorganic classification device 8 mentioned above. A lightweight aggregate is obtained by sprinkling inorganic materials and ash extracted from the incinerator, applying cement, and drying. Since the aggregate obtained by this method is lightweight,
It has many advantages, such as being able to be pumped to construction sites for high-rise buildings, and because its core is made of expanded polystyrene, it has excellent heat and cold insulation, soundproofing, and waterproofing properties, making it highly valuable. In the present invention, it is preferable to include this building material device in order to effectively utilize inorganic resources from waste.
【００３３】以下に本発明の装置を用いてごみを処理し
た場合の、各単位装置における処理、回収状況の一例を
示す。An example of the processing and collection situation in each unit device when waste is processed using the device of the present invention will be shown below.
【００３４】[0034]
【表１】[Table 1]
【００３５】[0035]
【発明の効果】本発明は独特の分別作用を持つ各種の廃
棄物分別装置から構成された装置であるため、廃棄物の
分別が効率的に行われ、下記の如き多くの特徴を有する
。■一般廃棄物中の金属類、高分子、有機物、無機物等
を確実に自動的、連続的に分類することができる。■油
として再生可能な高分子化合物を他の物質と精度よく分
離することができる。■高分子化合物から利用価値の高
い油類が効率的に回収される。■鉄回収、アルミ回収、
土砂、ガラス、セメント、レンガ粒粉等の資源回収と再
利用が効率的にされている。■装置がコンパクトである
から安価である。このため、廃棄物を公害を発生するこ
となく処理し、油その他の資源を有効に活用することが
できる。Effects of the Invention Since the present invention is a device composed of various waste sorting devices having unique sorting functions, waste can be efficiently sorted and has many features as described below. ■It is possible to automatically and continuously classify metals, polymers, organic substances, inorganic substances, etc. in general waste. ■Polymer compounds that can be recycled as oil can be separated from other substances with high precision. ■ Oils with high utility value are efficiently recovered from polymer compounds. ■Iron recovery, aluminum recovery,
Resources such as earth and sand, glass, cement, and brick powder are recovered and reused efficiently. ■The device is compact and therefore inexpensive. Therefore, waste can be treated without causing pollution, and oil and other resources can be used effectively.
【図１】本発明による廃棄物の分別処理装置の概略を示
す図である。FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically showing a waste separation treatment apparatus according to the present invention.
１ 一般廃棄物貯溜槽 ２ 微生物培養装置 ３ 破袋装置 ４ 破砕装置 ５ 分解混合装置 ６ 比重分類装置 ７ 回収装置 Ｅ 鉄回収 Ｆ アルミ回収 Ｇ 可燃重量物回収装置 ８ 有機無機分類装置 ９ 有機・高分子分類装置 １０ 有機肥料土壌改良剤製造装置 １１ 建材製造装置 １２ 再生油製造装置 １３ 活性炭製造装置 1 General waste storage tank 2 Microbial culture device 3 Bag breaking device 4 Crushing device 5 Decomposition mixing device 6 Specific gravity classification device 7 Recovery device E Iron recovery F Aluminum recovery G Combustible heavy object recovery equipment 8 Organic-inorganic classification device 9 Organic/polymer classification device 10 Organic fertilizer soil conditioner manufacturing equipment 11 Building material manufacturing equipment 12 Recycled oil production equipment 13 Activated carbon manufacturing equipment
【図２】本発明の分解混合装置の１例を示す図である。FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of the decomposition mixing device of the present invention.
【図３】本発明の比重分類装置の１例を示す図である。FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of a specific gravity classification device of the present invention.
【図４】本発明の回収装置の１例を示す図である。FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of a collection device of the present invention.
【図５】本発明の有機・高分子分類装置の１例を示す図
である。FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example of the organic/polymer classification device of the present invention.
【図６】本発明の再生油製造装置の１例を示す図である
。FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an example of the recycled oil production apparatus of the present invention.
Claims (5)
り、内容物を取り出す破袋装置、取出された廃棄物を破
砕する破砕装置、水分の含有率を均一化させるための分
解混合装置、比重差により廃棄物を分別する比重分類装
置、重比重物を更に再分類する回収装置、中比重物の有
機・無機分類装置、再生油製造の原料を分離する有機・
高分子分類装置及び上記有機・高分子分類装置から分離
された高分子化合物から油を製造する再生油製造装置と
を備えた廃棄物の還元再生装置。Claim 1: A storage tank for storing waste, a bag breaking device for tearing garbage bags and taking out the contents, a crushing device for crushing the removed waste, and a decomposition mixing device for equalizing the water content. , a gravity classification device that separates waste based on the difference in specific gravity, a recovery device that further reclassifies heavy specific gravity materials, an organic/inorganic classification device for medium density materials, an organic/inorganic classification device that separates raw materials for recycled oil production.
A waste reduction and regeneration device comprising a polymer classification device and a recycled oil production device for producing oil from a polymer compound separated from the organic/polymer classification device.
貯溜槽に供給する微生物培養装置を更に備えたことを特
徴とする請求項１記載の廃棄物の還元再生装置。2. The waste reduction and regeneration apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a microorganism culturing device for cultivating microorganisms and supplying the cultured microorganisms to a storage tank.
材製造装置を更に備えたことを特徴とする請求項１又は
２に記載の廃棄物の還元再生装置。3. The waste reduction and regeneration apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a building material manufacturing apparatus for processing the separated inorganic substances into building materials.
り、内容物を露出させ、露出された廃棄物を破砕装置を
用いて破砕し、ついで分解混合装置により、廃棄物中の
水分の含有率を均一化させ、比重分類装置を用いて比重
差により重比重物、中比重物および軽比重物に分別し、
重比重物は更に回収装置により鉄、その他の金属および
可燃性重量物に再分類し、中比重物は有機・無機分類装
置により有機物と無機物に分別し、分別された有機物を
有機・高分子分類装置により更に有機物と高分子化合物
に分類し、分別された高分子化合物と前記回収装置によ
り分別された可燃性重量物、有機・無機分類装置により
分別された有機物、および比重分類装置で分別された軽
比重物を混合し再生油製造装置において油を製造するこ
とを特徴とする廃棄物の還元再生方法。4. A bag-breaking device tears the garbage bags in the waste to expose the contents, the exposed waste is crushed using a crushing device, and then a decomposition mixing device removes the moisture in the waste. The content is made uniform, and a specific gravity classification device is used to classify the materials into heavy, medium and light specific gravity materials based on the difference in specific gravity.
Heavy specific gravity materials are further reclassified into iron, other metals, and combustible heavy materials using a recovery device, medium specific gravity materials are separated into organic and inorganic materials by an organic/inorganic classification device, and the separated organic materials are classified into organic and polymer materials. The device further classifies the materials into organic substances and polymer compounds, and the separated polymer compounds are separated by the combustible heavy substances separated by the recovery device, the organic substances are separated by the organic/inorganic classification device, and the organic substances are separated by the specific gravity classification device. A waste reduction and regeneration method characterized by mixing light specific gravity substances and producing oil in a regeneration oil production device.
培養された微生物を、処理すべき廃棄物に供給し、腐敗
菌の分解を進行させた後、廃棄物を破袋装置に供給する
ことを特徴とする請求項４記載の廃棄物の還元再生方法
。[Claim 5] Cultivating microorganisms in a microorganism culturing device,
The method for reducing and regenerating waste according to claim 4, characterized in that the cultured microorganisms are supplied to the waste to be treated, and after decomposition of the putrefactive bacteria is progressed, the waste is supplied to a bag-breaking device. .
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3044430A JPH04260488A (en) | 1991-02-15 | 1991-02-15 | Apparatus and method for recovering and recycling waste refuse |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3044430A JPH04260488A (en) | 1991-02-15 | 1991-02-15 | Apparatus and method for recovering and recycling waste refuse |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH04260488A true JPH04260488A (en) | 1992-09-16 |
Family
ID=12691278
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3044430A Pending JPH04260488A (en) | 1991-02-15 | 1991-02-15 | Apparatus and method for recovering and recycling waste refuse |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH04260488A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1998052703A1 (en) * | 1997-05-19 | 1998-11-26 | Aikoh Co., Ltd. | Waste disposing method |
| JP2012096219A (en) * | 2010-11-01 | 2012-05-24 | Jiao Xuezhen | Technique and equipment for substance circulation in organism waste |
| KR102290465B1 (en) * | 2021-01-21 | 2021-08-19 | 이우락 | Manufacturing method of eco friendly plastic bag |
-
1991
- 1991-02-15 JP JP3044430A patent/JPH04260488A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1998052703A1 (en) * | 1997-05-19 | 1998-11-26 | Aikoh Co., Ltd. | Waste disposing method |
| JP2012096219A (en) * | 2010-11-01 | 2012-05-24 | Jiao Xuezhen | Technique and equipment for substance circulation in organism waste |
| KR102290465B1 (en) * | 2021-01-21 | 2021-08-19 | 이우락 | Manufacturing method of eco friendly plastic bag |
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