JPH04236178A - Electrostatic actuator - Google Patents

Electrostatic actuator

Info

Publication number
JPH04236178A
JPH04236178A JP447091A JP447091A JPH04236178A JP H04236178 A JPH04236178 A JP H04236178A JP 447091 A JP447091 A JP 447091A JP 447091 A JP447091 A JP 447091A JP H04236178 A JPH04236178 A JP H04236178A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
stator
electrode
magnetic field
movable element
fluid
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP447091A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Masafumi Yano
雅文 矢野
Koji Moriya
守家 浩二
Akio Kono
河野 明夫
Takashi Isumi
井澄 隆
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Yamatoya and Co Ltd
Japan Science and Technology Agency
Osaka Gas Co Ltd
Sharp Corp
Ulvac Inc
Original Assignee
Yamatoya and Co Ltd
Osaka Gas Co Ltd
Research Development Corp of Japan
Sharp Corp
Ulvac Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Yamatoya and Co Ltd, Osaka Gas Co Ltd, Research Development Corp of Japan, Sharp Corp, Ulvac Inc filed Critical Yamatoya and Co Ltd
Priority to JP447091A priority Critical patent/JPH04236178A/en
Publication of JPH04236178A publication Critical patent/JPH04236178A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Abstract

PURPOSE:To hold a movable element at a slight interval without necessity of a remarkably high driving voltage by providing magnetic fluid between a stator and the element and magnetic field forming means for forming a magnetic field for holding the fluid. CONSTITUTION:A first electrode 5a is provided at a stator 2, a second electrode 5b is provided at a movable element 1, and voltages of reverse polarities to a potential of the earth are applied between the first and second electrodes thereby to generate an electrostatic attraction force. Magnetic fluid 4 is interposed between the stator 2 and the element 1, and held by using a magnetic field to be formed by magnetic field forming means 7. Accordingly, the fluid 4 is collected by the field existing in an interval between the stator 2 and the element 1 to attain a raised state, the element 1 is held thereon in a floating state, and hence the interval between the stator 1 and the element 2 is held constant.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】[Detailed description of the invention]

【0001】0001

【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、静電力を用いて駆動力
を発生する静電アクチュエータに関する。
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an electrostatic actuator that generates driving force using electrostatic force.

【0002】0002

【従来の技術】静電アクチュエータの構造については、
たとえば特開昭63−95858のように、従来から多
くの提案がなされている。しかしながら、実際に静電ア
クチュエータを構成するに当ってもっとも困難な問題は
以下の点である。
[Prior art] Regarding the structure of an electrostatic actuator,
For example, many proposals have been made in the past, such as Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 63-95858. However, the most difficult problem in actually constructing an electrostatic actuator is the following.

【0003】静電アクチュエータの原理は、所定の間隔
を保ち、対向して配置された可動子または回転子に設け
られた電極および固定子に設けられた電極間に電圧を加
えることにより発生する静電吸引力を利用する。この吸
引力は、印加する電圧と電極面積に比例し、電極間の間
隔の大きさに反比例する。したがって、実用的な電圧は
、せいぜい100Vであり、静電アクチュエータを駆動
するためには電極面積に比して間隔を非常に小さくする
必要があるが、可動子を持つ構造について間隔を一定に
保持することが一般にむずかしい。従来技術では、製造
のしやすさから、ある程度間隔を大きくし、非常に高い
駆動電圧、たとえば1000Vを印加することが多く、
実用的とは言えない。
[0003] The principle of an electrostatic actuator is that static electricity is generated by applying a voltage between electrodes provided on the movable element or rotor and electrodes provided on the stator, which are placed facing each other at a predetermined distance. Uses electric attraction. This attractive force is proportional to the applied voltage and electrode area, and inversely proportional to the distance between the electrodes. Therefore, a practical voltage is at most 100V, and in order to drive an electrostatic actuator, it is necessary to make the spacing very small compared to the electrode area, but for a structure with a mover, the spacing must be kept constant. It is generally difficult to do so. In conventional technology, for ease of manufacturing, the interval is often increased to a certain extent and a very high driving voltage, for example 1000V, is applied.
I can't say it's practical.

【0004】0004

【発明が解決しようとする課題】本発明の目的は、固定
子と可動子との間隔を僅かに保ち、しかもむやみに高い
電圧を必要とすることがないようにした静電アクチュエ
ータを提供することである。
[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] An object of the present invention is to provide an electrostatic actuator that maintains a small distance between a stator and a movable element and does not require an unnecessarily high voltage. It is.

【0005】[0005]

【課題を解決するための手段】本発明は、第1電極と、
第1電極が設けられる固定子と、第1電極に間隔をあけ
て対向して配置される第2電極と、第1電極と第2電極
とに相互に逆極性の電圧を印加する電源と、第2電極が
設けられる可動子と、固定子と可動子との間に介在され
る磁性流体と、磁性流体を保持するための磁界を形成す
る磁界形成手段とを含むことを特徴とする静電アクチュ
エータである。
[Means for Solving the Problems] The present invention provides a first electrode;
a stator provided with a first electrode; a second electrode disposed opposite to the first electrode with an interval; a power source that applies voltages of opposite polarity to the first electrode and the second electrode; An electrostatic device characterized by comprising a mover provided with a second electrode, a magnetic fluid interposed between the stator and the mover, and a magnetic field forming means for forming a magnetic field for holding the magnetic fluid. It is an actuator.

【0006】[0006]

【作用】本発明に従えば、固定子には第1電極が設けら
れ、可動子には第2電極が設けられ、これらの第1およ
び第2電極間に地球の電位に関して相互に逆極性の電圧
を印加することによって、静電吸引力を発生する。固定
子と可動子との間には磁性流体を介在し、磁界形成手段
によって形成される磁界を用いて、磁性流体を保持する
。したがって磁性流体は固定子と可動子との間の間隔に
存在する磁界によって捕えられ、その磁性流体が盛り上
がった状態となり、盛り上がった状態における磁性流体
の上に、可動子が浮いた状態で保持され、そのため固定
子と可動子との間隔が一定に保たれる。したがって可動
子が固定子に近接して間隔が小さくなろうとするとき、
磁性流体は押し拡げられるので、磁界形成手段によって
形成されている磁界の働きによる磁性流体が盛り上がっ
て磁界に沿った形状となろうとする力が作用し、可動子
を固定子から離間する。このようにして固定子と可動子
との間隔が一定に保たれる。このような間隔は、たとえ
ばμmのオーダであって、微小な間隔であり、しかも前
述の先行技術のように電極に与える非常に高い電圧を必
要とすることがない。
[Operation] According to the present invention, the stator is provided with a first electrode, the mover is provided with a second electrode, and the first and second electrodes have opposite polarities with respect to the earth's potential. By applying a voltage, an electrostatic attraction force is generated. A magnetic fluid is interposed between the stator and the mover, and the magnetic fluid is held using a magnetic field formed by a magnetic field forming means. Therefore, the magnetic fluid is captured by the magnetic field that exists in the space between the stator and the mover, and the magnetic fluid becomes a raised state, and the mover is held in a floating state on top of the raised magnetic fluid. Therefore, the distance between the stator and the mover is kept constant. Therefore, when the mover approaches the stator and the distance between them becomes smaller,
Since the magnetic fluid is pushed and expanded, a force is exerted that causes the magnetic fluid to swell up and take a shape along the magnetic field due to the action of the magnetic field formed by the magnetic field forming means, thereby separating the mover from the stator. In this way, the distance between the stator and the mover is kept constant. Such a spacing is, for example, on the order of μm, a minute spacing, and does not require a very high voltage to be applied to the electrodes unlike the prior art described above.

【0007】[0007]

【実施例】図1は本発明の一実施例の断面図であり、図
2はその実施例の簡略化した平面図である。回転子であ
る可動子1は、強磁性材料から成り、その下方には間隔
dを介して、磁界形成手段7の一部を構成する固定子2
が設けられる。可動子1と固定子2とは大略的に真円の
平板状であり、可動子1は鉛直軸線8のまわりに回転可
能となっている。可動子1には、第1電極5aが固定さ
れる。固定子2には、第2電極5bが設けられる。第1
および第2電極5a,5bは、相互に間隔をあけて対向
して配置される。固定子2は、強磁性材料から成り、永
久磁石片またはコイルを有する電磁石3によって磁化さ
れる。この固定子2には軸線8を中心とする円形のギヤ
ツプ9が形成され、このギヤツプ9の付近に、磁性流体
4が配置される。この磁性流体4は、固定子2上に設け
られ、可動子1との間に介在される。強磁性材料から成
るヨーク6は、磁石3の下部に共通に設けられる。こう
して磁界形成手段7は、固定子2と磁石3とヨーク6か
ら構成される。
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS FIG. 1 is a sectional view of an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a simplified plan view of the embodiment. A movable element 1, which is a rotor, is made of a ferromagnetic material, and a stator 2, which constitutes a part of the magnetic field forming means 7, is disposed below the movable element 1 at a distance d.
will be provided. The movable element 1 and the stator 2 have a substantially perfect circular flat plate shape, and the movable element 1 is rotatable around a vertical axis 8. A first electrode 5a is fixed to the movable element 1. The stator 2 is provided with a second electrode 5b. 1st
The second electrodes 5a and 5b are arranged facing each other with a gap between them. The stator 2 is made of ferromagnetic material and is magnetized by an electromagnet 3 having permanent magnet pieces or coils. A circular gap 9 centered on the axis 8 is formed in the stator 2, and a magnetic fluid 4 is disposed near the gap 9. This magnetic fluid 4 is provided on the stator 2 and interposed between it and the movable element 1. A yoke 6 made of a ferromagnetic material is commonly provided below the magnets 3. In this way, the magnetic field forming means 7 is composed of the stator 2, the magnet 3, and the yoke 6.

【0008】第1および第2電極5a,5bには、図解
の便宜のために簡略化して示されるように、直流電源1
0が接続され、これらの第1および第2電極5a,5b
には地球の電位に関して相互に逆極性の電圧が印加され
、これによって第1および第2電極5a,5b、したが
って可動子1と固定子2との間には静電吸引力が作用す
る。磁石3が電磁石であるときには、そのコイルは、直
流電力によって励磁される。
The first and second electrodes 5a and 5b are connected to a DC power source 1, as shown in a simplified manner for convenience of illustration.
0 are connected, and these first and second electrodes 5a, 5b
Voltages having polarities opposite to each other with respect to the earth's potential are applied to the electrodes, and thereby an electrostatic attractive force acts between the first and second electrodes 5a, 5b, and therefore between the movable element 1 and the stator 2. When the magnet 3 is an electromagnet, its coil is excited by DC power.

【0009】可動子1と固定子2との間隔dについては
、可動子1および第1電極5aの重力、ならびに第1お
よび第2電極5a,5b間の静電吸引力による下方の力
が、磁性流体4の盛り上がりによる力と平衡し、間隔d
が一定に保たれる。磁性流体4は、磁界形成手段7によ
って形成される間隔dに存在する磁界によって捕えられ
、固定子2から上方に盛り上がった状態で、半ば固定さ
れる状態となる。可動子1は、この固定子2と一定の間
隔dを保ちつつ、この磁性流体4の盛り上がりの上に浮
く状態で保たれる。可動子1に下向きの力が作用して押
し下げられて間隔dが小さくなろうとするとき、この磁
性流体は前述のように押し拡げられるので、磁界形成手
段7に沿って集まろうとする力が磁性流体4に作用し、
これによって可動子1を押し上げる。このようにして、
可動子1と固定子2との間隔dが一定に保たれる。
Regarding the distance d between the mover 1 and the stator 2, the downward force due to the gravity of the mover 1 and the first electrode 5a and the electrostatic attractive force between the first and second electrodes 5a and 5b is as follows. Balanced with the force due to the swelling of the magnetic fluid 4, the distance d
is kept constant. The magnetic fluid 4 is captured by the magnetic field existing at the interval d formed by the magnetic field forming means 7, and is raised upward from the stator 2 and becomes semi-fixed. The movable element 1 is kept floating on the bulge of the magnetic fluid 4 while maintaining a constant distance d from the stator 2. When a downward force acts on the movable element 1 and pushes it down to reduce the distance d, this magnetic fluid is pushed and spread as described above, so that the force that tends to gather along the magnetic field forming means 7 becomes magnetic. acts on the fluid 4,
This pushes up the movable element 1. In this way,
The distance d between the mover 1 and the stator 2 is kept constant.

【0010】上述の実施例では、可動子1は軸線8のま
わりに回転可能に設けられたけれども、可動子1が直線
方向に移動するように構成されてもよい。
In the above embodiment, the movable element 1 is rotatably provided around the axis 8, but the movable element 1 may be configured to move in a linear direction.

【0011】磁性流体4は、強磁性粉末と、液体との混
合物から成り、たとえばペースト状であってもよい。
The magnetic fluid 4 is made of a mixture of ferromagnetic powder and liquid, and may be in the form of a paste, for example.

【0012】直流電源10に代えて交流電源であっても
よく、第1および第2電極5a,5bに静電吸引力を発
生するように逆極性の電圧が印加されればよい。
The DC power supply 10 may be replaced by an AC power supply, and voltages of opposite polarity may be applied to the first and second electrodes 5a, 5b so as to generate electrostatic attractive force.

【0013】[0013]

【発明の効果】以上のように本発明によれば、第1およ
び第2電極間にむやみに高い駆動電圧を必要とすること
なしに、ごくわずかな間隔に保って可動子を保持するこ
とが可能となる。
[Effects of the Invention] As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to hold the movable element with a very small distance between the first and second electrodes without requiring an unduly high driving voltage. It becomes possible.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of the drawing]

【図1】本発明の一実施例の断面図である。FIG. 1 is a sectional view of an embodiment of the present invention.

【図2】図1に示される実施例の簡略化した平面図であ
る。
2 is a simplified plan view of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1; FIG.

【符号の説明】[Explanation of symbols]

1  可動子 2  固定子 3  磁石 4  磁性流体 5a,5b  電極 6  ヨーク 7  磁界形成手段 8  軸線 9  ギヤツプ 10  直流電源 1 Movable element 2 Stator 3 Magnet 4 Magnetic fluid 5a, 5b electrode 6 York 7 Magnetic field forming means 8 Axis line 9 Gap 10 DC power supply

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 【請求項1】  第1電極と、第1電極が設けられる固
定子と、第1電極に間隔をあけて対向して配置される第
2電極と、第1電極と第2電極とに相互に逆極性の電圧
を印加する電源と、第2電極が設けられる可動子と、固
定子と可動子との間に介在される磁性流体と、磁性流体
を保持するための磁界を形成する磁界形成手段とを含む
ことを特徴とする静電アクチュエータ。
Claim 1: A first electrode, a stator provided with the first electrode, a second electrode disposed facing the first electrode with a space therebetween, and a stator provided with the first electrode and the second electrode. A power supply that applies a voltage of opposite polarity, a movable element provided with a second electrode, a magnetic fluid interposed between the stator and the movable element, and a magnetic field forming means that forms a magnetic field for holding the magnetic fluid. An electrostatic actuator comprising:
JP447091A 1991-01-18 1991-01-18 Electrostatic actuator Pending JPH04236178A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP447091A JPH04236178A (en) 1991-01-18 1991-01-18 Electrostatic actuator

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP447091A JPH04236178A (en) 1991-01-18 1991-01-18 Electrostatic actuator

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH04236178A true JPH04236178A (en) 1992-08-25

Family

ID=11585013

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP447091A Pending JPH04236178A (en) 1991-01-18 1991-01-18 Electrostatic actuator

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPH04236178A (en)

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