JPH04215052A - Lipid film type chemical material sensor - Google Patents
Lipid film type chemical material sensorInfo
- Publication number
- JPH04215052A JPH04215052A JP2332852A JP33285290A JPH04215052A JP H04215052 A JPH04215052 A JP H04215052A JP 2332852 A JP2332852 A JP 2332852A JP 33285290 A JP33285290 A JP 33285290A JP H04215052 A JPH04215052 A JP H04215052A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- lipid
- membrane
- outputs
- film
- type chemical
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 150000002632 lipids Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 79
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title abstract 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 106
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000008346 aqueous phase Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000000232 Lipid Bilayer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000012491 analyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000000170 cell membrane Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000010494 dissociation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005593 dissociations Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005669 field effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010220 ion permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003266 membrane potential measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Electric Means (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
＜産業上の利用分野＞
本発明は、化学物質センサに関し、特に識別素子として
脂質膜を用い、脂質膜の膜電位変化によって化学物質（
特に味・匂い物質）濃度を測定する脂質膜型化学物質セ
ンサに関するものである。Detailed Description of the Invention <Industrial Application Field> The present invention relates to a chemical substance sensor, and in particular uses a lipid membrane as an identification element to identify chemical substances (
In particular, it relates to a lipid membrane type chemical substance sensor that measures the concentration of taste/odor substances.
＜従来の技術＞
一般に、化学物質センサは識別素子とトランスデューサ
で構成される、識別素子としては、酵素や抗体等のタン
パク質等が用いられている。又、トランスデューサとし
ては、電気化学デバイス、光デバイス、温度センサ、圧
電素子等が用いられている。ところで、近年、脂質が有
機化合物等に対して感応性をもつことが注目されてきて
いる。<Prior Art> Generally, a chemical substance sensor is composed of an identification element and a transducer, and the identification element uses a protein such as an enzyme or an antibody. Further, as the transducer, an electrochemical device, an optical device, a temperature sensor, a piezoelectric element, etc. are used. Incidentally, in recent years, attention has been paid to the sensitivity of lipids to organic compounds and the like.
この脂質膜の感応性を利用し、これを識別素子として用
いた脂質膜型化学物質センサが考案され、脂質膜の膜電
位を測定する方法によるもの等がある。この脂質膜にお
ける膜電位は、膜のイオン透過性や膜表面の電荷密度に
よって支配されている。Lipid membrane type chemical substance sensors have been devised that take advantage of the sensitivity of lipid membranes and use them as identification elements, including methods that measure the membrane potential of lipid membranes. The membrane potential in this lipid membrane is controlled by the ion permeability of the membrane and the charge density on the membrane surface.
膜表面の電荷密度は、測定対象物が脂質膜に吸収された
り、表面に吸着すると変化する。ところで、測定対象物
は、電荷をもっていない場合が多い。The charge density on the membrane surface changes when the analyte is absorbed into the lipid membrane or adsorbed to the surface. Incidentally, the object to be measured often does not have an electric charge.
この場合には、物質の吸着等によって、脂質分子に歪が
生じたり、親水部の極性基の解離状態に変化が生じる。In this case, the adsorption of the substance causes distortion in the lipid molecule or a change in the dissociation state of the polar group in the hydrophilic part.
これによって、脂質分子の親水基の電荷密度が変化し、
膜電位変化が生じる。第５図は脂質膜の膜電位を測定す
る方法による脂質膜型化学物質センサの従来例である。This changes the charge density of the hydrophilic groups in the lipid molecule,
A change in membrane potential occurs. FIG. 5 shows a conventional example of a lipid membrane type chemical substance sensor using a method of measuring the membrane potential of a lipid membrane.
第５図（イ）は、水槽に入れた被測定液中に脂質二分子
膜を形成させ、この脂質二分子膜の両側に電極を置き、
電位測定装置により電位差を測定することにより、脂質
膜の膜電位を測定するものである。（ロ）図は脂質ニ分
子膜の代りに多孔質のメンブランフィルタに脂質膜を含
浸させた多層膜を用いたものであり、（ハ）図は電極上
にＬＢ法やキャスト法によって、脂質膜を形成させた累
積膜を用いたものである。In Figure 5 (a), a lipid bilayer membrane is formed in the liquid to be measured placed in a water tank, and electrodes are placed on both sides of this lipid bilayer membrane.
The membrane potential of the lipid membrane is measured by measuring the potential difference using a potential measuring device. (B) The figure shows a multilayer membrane in which a porous membrane filter is impregnated with a lipid membrane instead of a lipid bimolecular membrane, and the figure (C) shows a lipid membrane formed on the electrode by the LB method or casting method. This method uses a cumulative film formed with .
＜発明が解決しようとする課題＞
しかしながら、上記従来技術に示す脂質膜型化学物質セ
ンサにおいて、脂質二分子膜を用いた（イ）図装置と多
層膜を用いた（ロ）図装置とは、脂質膜の両側に水槽が
あるため、単一水相内の化学物質濃度を測定する化学セ
ンサとして用いるには取り扱いが困難である。又、（イ
）図装置では脂質膜が０．１μｍ以下と非常に薄いため
、機械的強度が小さく、（ロ）図装置では多孔質の多層
膜のどこか１か所でも破損すれば、膜全体のインピーダ
ンスが低下して使用不能になるため、信頼性が低い。又
、累積膜を用いた（ハ）図装置では、脂質膜の片側に水
相がないため、膜の構造変化が制約を受け、生体の味細
胞や嗅細胞（膜両側液相）のような膜電位変化が起こら
ない可能性もあった。<Problems to be Solved by the Invention> However, in the lipid membrane type chemical sensor shown in the above-mentioned prior art, the (a) device using a lipid bilayer membrane and the (b) device using a multilayer film are as follows: The presence of water baths on both sides of the lipid membrane makes it difficult to handle for use as a chemical sensor to measure chemical concentrations within a single aqueous phase. In addition, in the device shown in (a), the lipid membrane is very thin, less than 0.1 μm, so its mechanical strength is low, and in the device shown in (b), if even one part of the porous multilayer membrane is damaged, the membrane will be damaged. It is unreliable because the overall impedance drops and it becomes unusable. In addition, in the (c) device using a cumulative membrane, there is no aqueous phase on one side of the lipid membrane, which restricts the structural changes of the membrane, and it is not possible to change the structure of the membrane, such as taste cells and olfactory cells (liquid phase on both sides of the membrane). There was also the possibility that no change in membrane potential would occur.
本発明の目的は上記従来技術の課題を踏まえて成された
ものであり、機械的強度が大きく、信頼性の高い、又、
取り扱いが容易で簡便な脂質膜型化学物質センサを提供
するものである。The object of the present invention has been achieved based on the problems of the prior art described above, and has high mechanical strength, high reliability, and
The present invention provides a lipid membrane type chemical substance sensor that is easy and convenient to handle.
＜課題を解決するための手段＞
上記課題を解決するための本発明の第１の構成は、脂質
膜の感応性を利用して有機化合物等の識別を行う脂質膜
型化学物質センサにおいて、表面に１個若しくは複数個
形成された微小な凹部を有する電気絶縁性の基板と、前
記凹部の底部に形成された電極と、前記基板の凹部側表
面に付着させた脂質膜と、この脂質膜と前記凹部が形成
する空間に水または或る種の水溶液を満たして成る水相
とを備えた構成としたことを特徴とするものである。<Means for Solving the Problems> A first configuration of the present invention for solving the above problems is a lipid membrane type chemical substance sensor that uses the sensitivity of lipid membranes to identify organic compounds. an electrically insulating substrate having one or more minute recesses formed therein; an electrode formed at the bottom of the recess; a lipid film attached to the surface of the recess of the substrate; The present invention is characterized in that the space formed by the recessed portion is provided with an aqueous phase formed by filling water or a certain type of aqueous solution.
又、本発明の第２の構成は、脂質膜の感応性を利用して
有機化合物等の識別を行う脂質膜型化学物質センサにお
いて、表面に複数個形成された微小な凹部を有する電気
絶縁性の基板と、前記凹部の底部に形成された電極と、
前記基板の凹部側表面に付着させた脂質膜と、この脂質
膜と前記凹部がそれぞれ形成する空間に水または或る種
の水溶液を満たして成る水相と、前記電極からそれぞれ
独立に電位出力を取り出すための外部端子と、この外部
端子にそれぞれ接続されたボルテージフォロワと、この
ボルテージフォロワにそれぞれ接続されたアナログスイ
ッチと、前記ボルテージフォロワの出力をそれぞれ比較
するコンパレータと、このコンパレータの出力を受けて
前記ボルテージフォロワの出力の最大値と最小値を選択
し、この最大値と最小値の信号が入力される前記アナロ
グスイッチをオフする論理回路と、前記アナログスイッ
チに接続され前記ボルテージフォロワの出力の内、最大
値と最小値を除いた出力を加算する加算器と、この加算
器の出力の平均値を求める演算器とを備えた構成とした
ことを特徴とするものである。A second aspect of the present invention is a lipid membrane type chemical substance sensor that identifies organic compounds by utilizing the sensitivity of lipid membranes. a substrate; an electrode formed at the bottom of the recess;
A lipid film attached to the surface of the recess of the substrate, an aqueous phase formed by filling the spaces formed by the lipid film and the recess with water or some kind of aqueous solution, and potential outputs independently from the electrodes. An external terminal for taking out, a voltage follower connected to each of these external terminals, an analog switch connected to each of these voltage followers, a comparator that compares the output of the voltage follower, and a comparator that receives the output of this comparator. a logic circuit that selects the maximum value and minimum value of the output of the voltage follower and turns off the analog switch to which the maximum value and minimum value signals are input; , an adder that adds the outputs excluding the maximum value and the minimum value, and an arithmetic unit that calculates the average value of the outputs of the adder.
＜作用＞
本発明によれば、センサ自体に基板の凹部と基板表面に
形成された脂質膜により形成される空間に水または水溶
液を満たして成る水相を持つような構成としたため、２
槽式水槽を用いなくても膜電位が測定でき、取り扱いが
容易で簡便な装置にできる。又、同一基板上に複数の水
相を集積させ、この水相内の電極から独立に取り出した
電位出力の内、最大値および最小値を除いた残りの電位
出力の平均値を出力する構成とすることにより、脂質膜
の一部破損等により水相か破損しても、生き残った水相
で正確な膜電位の値を測定できると共に、膜電位のばら
つきによって生じるノイズを除去できる。<Function> According to the present invention, the sensor itself is configured to have an aqueous phase in which water or an aqueous solution is filled in the space formed by the concave portion of the substrate and the lipid film formed on the surface of the substrate.
Membrane potential can be measured without using a water tank, making the device easy to handle and simple. In addition, a plurality of aqueous phases are integrated on the same substrate, and the average value of the remaining potential outputs after excluding the maximum and minimum values among the potential outputs independently taken out from the electrodes in this aqueous phase is configured. By doing so, even if the aqueous phase is damaged due to partial breakage of the lipid membrane, accurate membrane potential values can be measured using the surviving aqueous phase, and noise caused by variations in membrane potential can be removed.
＜実施例＞ 以下、本発明を図面に基づいて説明する。<Example> Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained based on the drawings.
第１図は本発明の脂質膜型化学物質センサの第１の実施
例を示す構成図である。第１図において、１１は表面に
微小な凹部１２が形成された電気絶縁性の基板、１３は
凹部１２の底部に形成された金属電極であり、この金属
電極１３から導線を介して電気絶縁性基板１１の外部の
端子１４に配線されている。１５は電気絶縁性基板１１
の凹部１２側表面に付着させた脂質膜、１６は凹部１２
と脂質膜１５が形成する空間に水または或る種の水溶液
を満たした水相である。FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing a first embodiment of a lipid membrane type chemical substance sensor of the present invention. In FIG. 1, 11 is an electrically insulating substrate with a minute recess 12 formed on its surface, and 13 is a metal electrode formed at the bottom of the recess 12. It is wired to an external terminal 14 of the board 11. 15 is an electrically insulating substrate 11
16 is a lipid membrane attached to the surface of the recess 12 side of the recess 12.
This is an aqueous phase in which the space formed by the lipid membrane 15 is filled with water or some kind of aqueous solution.
ここで、第２図は第１図に示した脂質膜型化学物質セン
サを膜電位を測定する装置に用いた一実施例を示す構成
図である。第２図において、１は第１図に示した脂質膜
型化学物質センサ、２は水槽であり、この水槽２には被
測定液３が満たされている。４は基準電極であり、脂質
膜型化学物質センサ１と共に被測定液中に浸されている
。５は電位測定装置であり、この電位測定装置５は脂質
膜型化学物質センサ１の外部の端子１４と基準電極４と
へ導線を介して接続されている。Here, FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram showing an example in which the lipid membrane type chemical substance sensor shown in FIG. 1 is used in a device for measuring membrane potential. In FIG. 2, 1 is the lipid membrane type chemical substance sensor shown in FIG. 1, and 2 is a water tank, and this water tank 2 is filled with a liquid 3 to be measured. 4 is a reference electrode, which is immersed together with the lipid membrane type chemical substance sensor 1 in the liquid to be measured. 5 is a potential measuring device, and this potential measuring device 5 is connected to an external terminal 14 of the lipid membrane type chemical substance sensor 1 and a reference electrode 4 via a conductive wire.
このような構成において、被測定液３に含まれる化学物
質分子が脂質膜１５に吸着すると、脂質膜１５の面の荷
電密度や膜の構造が変化して、脂質膜１５の両側に膜電
位が発生する、発生した膜電位は、金属電極１３と基準
電極４の間の電位差として現れる。この電位差を電位測
定装置５により測定することにより、被測定液３中の化
学物質の種類や濃度と、脂質膜１５の種類に応じた電位
を取り出すことができる。In such a configuration, when chemical molecules contained in the liquid to be measured 3 are adsorbed to the lipid membrane 15, the charge density on the surface of the lipid membrane 15 and the structure of the membrane change, causing a membrane potential to increase on both sides of the lipid membrane 15. The generated membrane potential appears as a potential difference between the metal electrode 13 and the reference electrode 4. By measuring this potential difference with the potential measuring device 5, it is possible to extract a potential depending on the type and concentration of the chemical substance in the liquid to be measured 3 and the type of the lipid membrane 15.
第３図は本発明の脂質膜型化学物質センサの他の実施例
を示す構成図である。なお、第３図において第１図と同
一要素には同一符号を付して重複する説明は省略する。FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram showing another embodiment of the lipid membrane type chemical substance sensor of the present invention. In FIG. 3, the same elements as those in FIG. 1 are given the same reference numerals and redundant explanations will be omitted.
第３図の脂質膜型化学物質センサ１ａにおいて、第１図
との相違点は、電気絶縁性基板１１ａの表面に複数（こ
の実施例では２個）の微小な凹部１２ａ、１２ｂを設け
、これらの底部にそれぞれ金属電極１３ａ、１３ｂを形
成させ、それぞれ独立して電気絶縁性基板１１ａの外部
の端子１４ａ、１４ｂに導線を介して取り出している。The lipid membrane type chemical substance sensor 1a shown in FIG. 3 is different from the one shown in FIG. Metal electrodes 13a and 13b are formed on the bottom of the electrically insulating substrate 11a, respectively, and are independently connected to external terminals 14a and 14b of the electrically insulating substrate 11a via conductive wires.
１６ａ、１６ｂは脂質膜１５と凹部１２ａおよび１２ｂ
がそれぞれ形成する空間に水または或る種の水溶液を満
たした水相である。16a and 16b are the lipid membrane 15 and the recesses 12a and 12b.
is an aqueous phase in which the spaces formed by these are filled with water or some kind of aqueous solution.
このような構成の脂質膜型化学物質センサ１ａを用いる
と、水または或る種の水溶液が満たされた水相１６ａと
１６ｂの間は電気的に絶縁されているので、これらの水
相１６ａ、１６ｂの電位を金属電極１３ａ、１３ｂによ
って独立に取り出すことができる。したがって、何等可
の原因で脂質膜１５の一部、例えば水相１６ａと被測定
液３の間が破損して、電気的に導通しても、生き残った
電極１３ｂによって、膜電位の測定を継続できるため、
信頼性を向上できる。又、各凹部上の脂質膜の種類を変
えて形成させることにより、異なった特性のセンサを同
一基板上に集積することができる。更に複数の電極から
の出力を統計的に処理することにより、凹部上の脂質膜
での確率的な電位発生を統計的に扱うことができる。When the lipid membrane type chemical substance sensor 1a having such a configuration is used, the aqueous phases 16a and 16b filled with water or some kind of aqueous solution are electrically insulated, so that the aqueous phases 16a, The potential of 16b can be taken out independently by metal electrodes 13a and 13b. Therefore, even if a part of the lipid membrane 15, for example, between the aqueous phase 16a and the liquid to be measured 3 is damaged and electrically conductive, the surviving electrode 13b continues to measure the membrane potential. Because you can
Can improve reliability. Furthermore, by forming different types of lipid films on each recess, sensors with different characteristics can be integrated on the same substrate. Furthermore, by statistically processing the outputs from a plurality of electrodes, it is possible to statistically handle the stochastic potential generation in the lipid membrane above the recess.
第４図は本発明の脂質膜型化学物質センサの第２の実施
例を示す構成図である。第４図において、１１ｂは表面
に複数（この実施例では４個）の微小な凹部１２ａ〜１
２ｄが形成された電気絶縁性の基板、１３ａ〜１３ｄは
凹部１２ａ〜１２ｄの底部にそれぞれ形成された金属電
極であり、この金属電極１３ａ〜１３ｄから導線を介し
て電気絶縁性基板１１ｂの外部の端子１４ａ〜１４ｄに
配線されている。１５は電気絶縁性基板１１ｂの凹部１
２ａ〜１２ｄ側表面に付着させた脂質膜、１６ａ〜１６
ｄは凹部１２ａ〜１２ｄと脂質膜１５が形成する空間に
水または或る種の水溶液を満たした水相である。１７は
外部端子１４ａ〜１４ｄに接続されたボルテージフォロ
ワ、１８はボルテージフォロワ１７に接続されたアナロ
グスイッチ、１９はボルテージフォロワ１７の出力をそ
れぞれ比較するコンパレータ、２０はコンパレータ１９
の出力を受けてボルテージフォロワ１７の出力の最大値
と最小値を選択し、この最大値と最小値の信号が入力さ
れるアナログスイッチ１８をオフする論理回路、２１は
アナログスイッチ１８に接続され、ボルテージフォロワ
１７の出力の内、最大値と最小値を除いた２個の出力を
加算する加算器、２２は加算器２１の出力の平均値を求
める演算器、２３は出力端子である。FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram showing a second embodiment of the lipid membrane type chemical substance sensor of the present invention. In FIG. 4, 11b has a plurality of (four in this embodiment) minute recesses 12a to 1 on the surface.
An electrically insulating substrate 2d is formed, and 13a to 13d are metal electrodes formed at the bottoms of the recesses 12a to 12d, respectively. Wired to terminals 14a to 14d. 15 is the recess 1 of the electrically insulating substrate 11b
Lipid membranes attached to the surfaces of 2a to 12d, 16a to 16
d is an aqueous phase in which the space formed by the recesses 12a to 12d and the lipid membrane 15 is filled with water or some kind of aqueous solution. 17 is a voltage follower connected to the external terminals 14a to 14d; 18 is an analog switch connected to the voltage follower 17; 19 is a comparator that compares the outputs of the voltage follower 17; and 20 is a comparator 19.
A logic circuit 21 is connected to the analog switch 18, and selects the maximum and minimum values of the output of the voltage follower 17 in response to the output of the circuit, and turns off the analog switch 18 to which the maximum and minimum value signals are input. An adder adds two outputs excluding the maximum value and minimum value among the outputs of the voltage follower 17, 22 is an arithmetic unit that calculates the average value of the outputs of the adder 21, and 23 is an output terminal.
このような構成において、被測定液に含まれる化学物質
分子が脂質膜１５に吸着すると、脂質膜１５の面の荷電
密度や膜の構造が変化して、脂質膜１５の両側に膜電位
か発生する。発生した膜電位は、金属電極１３ａ〜１３
ｄによって検出され、外部端子１４ａ〜１４ｄに出力さ
れる。外部端子１４ａ〜１４ｄの出力は、ボルテージフ
ォロワ１７を通って、アナログスイッチ１８およびコン
パレータ１９に入力される。コンパレータ１９および論
理回路２０はボルテージフォロワ１７の出力を比較して
、最大値および最小値をそれぞれ選出し、当該出力が入
力されているアナログスイッチ１８の内の２つをオフに
する（他のアナログスイッチはオンのまま）。アナログ
スイッチ１８は加算器２１に接続されている。加算器２
１はボルテージフォロワ１７の出力の内、最大・最小出
力を除いた２出力の和を出力する。その出力の平均値が
演算器２２で求められ、出力端子２３に出力される。し
たがって、４つの外部端子出力の内、最大値と最小値を
除いた真ん中の２つの値の平均値が出力されることにな
る。In such a configuration, when chemical molecules contained in the liquid to be measured are adsorbed to the lipid membrane 15, the charge density on the surface of the lipid membrane 15 and the structure of the membrane change, and a membrane potential is generated on both sides of the lipid membrane 15. do. The generated membrane potential is applied to the metal electrodes 13a to 13.
d and output to external terminals 14a to 14d. Outputs from the external terminals 14a to 14d pass through a voltage follower 17 and are input to an analog switch 18 and a comparator 19. The comparator 19 and the logic circuit 20 compare the outputs of the voltage follower 17, select the maximum value and the minimum value, respectively, and turn off two of the analog switches 18 to which the outputs are input (other analog switch remains on). Analog switch 18 is connected to adder 21 . Adder 2
1 outputs the sum of two outputs of the voltage follower 17 excluding the maximum and minimum outputs. The average value of the output is calculated by the computing unit 22 and outputted to the output terminal 23. Therefore, among the four external terminal outputs, the average value of the middle two values excluding the maximum value and minimum value is output.
このような構成の脂質膜型化学物質センサ１ｂを用いる
と、第３図装置と同様に、脂質膜１５の一部が破損して
、金属電極１３ａ〜１３ｄの出力の内、例えば金属電極
１３ａの出力が異常値を示しても、正常に動作している
金属電極１３ｂ〜１３ｄの出力の内の２つの平均値が出
力端子２３から出力されるため、正確な膜電位の値を測
定できると共に、膜電位の平均値をとる動作をとるため
に、膜電位のばらつきによって生じるノイズを除去する
ことができる。When the lipid membrane type chemical substance sensor 1b having such a configuration is used, a part of the lipid membrane 15 is damaged and the output of the metal electrode 13a, for example, is Even if the output shows an abnormal value, the average value of two of the outputs of the normally operating metal electrodes 13b to 13d is output from the output terminal 23, so it is possible to accurately measure the value of the membrane potential. Since the average value of the membrane potential is taken, noise caused by variations in the membrane potential can be removed.
なお、上記実施例において、凹部に形成された金属電極
が４個の場合を示したが、その数を増やしても、同様の
回路を構成することにより、幾つかの金属電極出力が異
常値を示しても、正しい値を出力することができる。又
、金属電極としてはイオン感応性電界効果トランジスタ
のゲート部に酵素固定膜などを形成したものでも良い。In addition, although the above example shows the case where the number of metal electrodes formed in the recess is four, even if the number is increased, by configuring a similar circuit, some metal electrode outputs may have abnormal values. Even if it is shown, the correct value can be output. Furthermore, the metal electrode may be one in which an enzyme-immobilized film or the like is formed on the gate portion of an ion-sensitive field effect transistor.
更に、上記実施例において、凹部と金属電極を有する基
板は、既存の半導体加工技術等を用いて容易に作製可能
である。又、基板と基準電極の一体化も可能であり、よ
り取り扱いが容易となる。Furthermore, in the above embodiments, the substrate having the recess and the metal electrode can be easily manufactured using existing semiconductor processing techniques. Furthermore, it is possible to integrate the substrate and the reference electrode, making handling easier.
更に脂質膜はＬＢ膜法などにより形成した脂質二分子膜
や多層膜であっても良い。Furthermore, the lipid membrane may be a lipid bilayer membrane or a multilayer membrane formed by the LB membrane method or the like.
＜発明の効果＞
以上、実施例と共に具体的に説明したように、本発明に
よれば、センサ自体に電気絶縁性基板の凹部に水相を持
つような構成としており、膜電位を測定する装置等に用
いると、２槽式水槽を用いなくても膜電位が測定できる
。したがって、取り扱いが容易となり、簡便な装置を実
現できる。又、同一基板上に複数の水相を集積させた構
成とすることにより、脂質膜の一部破損等により水相が
破壊しても、生き残った水相で膜電位の測定を継続でき
るため、信頼性が向上できる。更に、膜電位の平均値を
とるような操作を行うために、膜電位のばらつきによっ
て生じるノイズを除去することができる。又、生体細胞
膜（膜両側液相）と同様な膜電位発生機構をとることが
できるため、本装置を味・匂い物質センサとして利用す
る時に有利である等の効果を有する脂質膜型化学物質セ
ンサを実現できる。<Effects of the Invention> As described above in detail with the embodiments, according to the present invention, the sensor itself has a structure in which the aqueous phase is present in the recessed part of the electrically insulating substrate, and the device for measuring membrane potential can be used. When used for example, membrane potential can be measured without using a two-tank type water tank. Therefore, handling becomes easy and a simple device can be realized. In addition, by having a configuration in which multiple aqueous phases are integrated on the same substrate, even if the aqueous phase is destroyed due to partial breakage of the lipid membrane, membrane potential measurement can be continued with the surviving aqueous phase. Reliability can be improved. Furthermore, since an operation such as taking the average value of the membrane potential is performed, noise caused by variations in the membrane potential can be removed. In addition, since it can adopt a membrane potential generation mechanism similar to that of biological cell membranes (liquid phase on both sides of the membrane), this lipid membrane type chemical substance sensor has advantages such as when using this device as a taste/odor substance sensor. can be realized.
第１図は本発明の脂質膜型化学物質センサの第１の実施
例を示す構成図、第２図は第１図に示した脂質膜型化学
物質センサを膜電位を測定する装置に用いた一実施例を
示す構成図、第３図は本発明の脂質膜型化学物質センサ
の他の実施例を示す構成図、第４図は本発明の脂質膜型
化学物質センサの第２の実施例を示す構成図、第５図は
従来例である。
１、１ｂ…脂質膜型化学物質センサ、１１、１１ｂ…電
気絶縁性基板、１２、１２ａ〜１２ｄ…凹部、１３、１
３ａ〜１３ｄ…金属電極、１４、１４ａ〜１４ｄ…外部
端子、１５…脂質膜、１６、１６ａ〜１６ｄ…水または
水溶液が満たされた水相、１７…ボルテージフォロワ、
１８…アナログスイッチ、１９…コンパレータ、２０…
論理回路、２１…加算器、２２…演算器、２３…出力端
子。Figure 1 is a block diagram showing a first embodiment of the lipid membrane type chemical substance sensor of the present invention, and Figure 2 is a diagram showing the lipid membrane type chemical substance sensor shown in Figure 1 used in a device for measuring membrane potential. Fig. 3 is a block diagram showing another embodiment of the lipid membrane type chemical substance sensor of the present invention; Fig. 4 is a block diagram showing a second embodiment of the lipid membrane type chemical substance sensor of the present invention. The configuration diagram shown in FIG. 5 is a conventional example. 1, 1b... Lipid membrane type chemical substance sensor, 11, 11b... Electrically insulating substrate, 12, 12a to 12d... Recessed part, 13, 1
3a-13d...metal electrode, 14, 14a-14d...external terminal, 15...lipid membrane, 16, 16a-16d...aqueous phase filled with water or aqueous solution, 17...voltage follower,
18...Analog switch, 19...Comparator, 20...
Logic circuit, 21... Adder, 22... Arithmetic unit, 23... Output terminal.
Claims (2)
識別を行う脂質膜型化学物質センサにおいて、表面に１
個若しくは複数個形成された微小な凹部を有する電気絶
縁性の基板と、 前記凹部の底部に形成された電極と、 前記基板の凹部側表面に付着させた脂質膜と、この脂質
膜と前記凹部が形成する空間に水または或る種の水溶液
を満たして成る水相とを備えた構成としたことを特徴と
する脂質、膜型化学物質センサ。Claim 1: A lipid membrane-type chemical substance sensor that uses the sensitivity of lipid membranes to identify organic compounds, etc.
an electrically insulating substrate having one or more minute recesses; an electrode formed at the bottom of the recess; a lipid film attached to the surface of the substrate on the recess side; and the lipid film and the recess. What is claimed is: 1. A lipid and membrane type chemical substance sensor, characterized in that the sensor comprises an aqueous phase formed by filling a space formed by water or a certain type of aqueous solution.
識別を行う脂質膜型化学物質センサにおいて、表面に複
数個形成された微小な凹部を有する電気絶縁性の基板と
、 前記凹部の底部に形成された電極と、 前記基板の凹部側表面に付着させた脂質膜と、この脂質
膜と前記凹部がそれぞれ形成する空間に水または或る種
の水溶液を満たして成る水相と、前記電極からそれぞれ
独立に電位出力を取り出すための外部端子と、 この外部端子にそれぞれ接続されたボルテージフォロワ
と、 このボルテージフォロワにそれぞれ接続されたアナログ
スイッチと、 前記ボルテージフォロワの出力をそれぞれ比較するコン
パレータと、 このコンパレータの出力を受けて前記ボルテージフォロ
ワの出力の最大値と最小値を選択し、この最大値と最小
値の信号が入力される前記アナログスイッチをオフする
論理回路と、 前記アナログスイッチに接続され前記ボルテージフォロ
ワの出力の内、最大値と最小値を除いた出力を加算する
加算器と、 この加算器の出力の平均値を求める演算器とを備えた構
成としたことを特徴とする脂質膜型化学物質センサ。2. A lipid membrane type chemical substance sensor that identifies organic compounds by utilizing the sensitivity of lipid membranes, comprising: an electrically insulating substrate having a plurality of minute recesses formed on its surface; and the recesses. an electrode formed on the bottom of the substrate; a lipid film attached to the surface of the recess of the substrate; and an aqueous phase in which the spaces formed by the lipid film and the recess are filled with water or some kind of aqueous solution; an external terminal for independently extracting potential outputs from the electrodes; voltage followers connected to the external terminals; analog switches connected to the voltage followers; and a comparator for comparing the outputs of the voltage followers. and a logic circuit that receives the output of the comparator, selects the maximum value and minimum value of the output of the voltage follower, and turns off the analog switch to which the maximum value and minimum value signals are input; The voltage follower is connected to an adder that adds the outputs excluding the maximum value and minimum value among the outputs of the voltage follower, and an arithmetic unit that calculates the average value of the outputs of the adder. Lipid membrane type chemical sensor.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2-285570 | 1990-10-23 | ||
| JP28557090 | 1990-10-23 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH04215052A true JPH04215052A (en) | 1992-08-05 |
Family
ID=17693268
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2332852A Pending JPH04215052A (en) | 1990-10-23 | 1990-11-29 | Lipid film type chemical material sensor |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH04215052A (en) |
Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2005331454A (en) * | 2004-05-21 | 2005-12-02 | Tanita Corp | Oxidation reduction electrometer |
| US7144486B1 (en) * | 1997-04-30 | 2006-12-05 | Board Of Trustees Of The University Of Arkansas | Multilayer microcavity devices and methods |
| JP2011506994A (en) * | 2007-12-19 | 2011-03-03 | オックスフォード ナノポア テクノロジーズ リミテッド | Formation of amphiphilic molecular layers |
| US8062489B2 (en) | 2009-10-07 | 2011-11-22 | Panasonic Corporation | Method for forming artificial lipid membrane |
| JP2012083314A (en) * | 2010-10-14 | 2012-04-26 | Kyushu Univ | Lipid membrane sensor and manufacturing method thereof |
| WO2017134804A1 (en) * | 2016-02-05 | 2017-08-10 | 株式会社日立製作所 | Sensor element and sensor device |
| US10215768B2 (en) | 2007-02-20 | 2019-02-26 | Oxford Nanopore Technologies Ltd. | Lipid bilayer sensor system |
| US10338056B2 (en) | 2012-02-13 | 2019-07-02 | Oxford Nanopore Technologies Ltd. | Apparatus for supporting an array of layers of amphiphilic molecules and method of forming an array of layers of amphiphilic molecules |
| US10549274B2 (en) | 2014-10-17 | 2020-02-04 | Oxford Nanopore Technologies Ltd. | Electrical device with detachable components |
| US10814298B2 (en) | 2012-10-26 | 2020-10-27 | Oxford Nanopore Technologies Ltd. | Formation of array of membranes and apparatus therefor |
| US11596940B2 (en) | 2016-07-06 | 2023-03-07 | Oxford Nanopore Technologies Plc | Microfluidic device |
-
1990
- 1990-11-29 JP JP2332852A patent/JPH04215052A/en active Pending
Cited By (16)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7144486B1 (en) * | 1997-04-30 | 2006-12-05 | Board Of Trustees Of The University Of Arkansas | Multilayer microcavity devices and methods |
| JP4530203B2 (en) * | 2004-05-21 | 2010-08-25 | 株式会社タニタ | Redox potentiometer |
| JP2005331454A (en) * | 2004-05-21 | 2005-12-02 | Tanita Corp | Oxidation reduction electrometer |
| US10215768B2 (en) | 2007-02-20 | 2019-02-26 | Oxford Nanopore Technologies Ltd. | Lipid bilayer sensor system |
| US10416117B2 (en) | 2007-12-19 | 2019-09-17 | Oxford Nanopore Technologies Ltd. | Formation of layers of amphiphilic molecules |
| JP2011506994A (en) * | 2007-12-19 | 2011-03-03 | オックスフォード ナノポア テクノロジーズ リミテッド | Formation of amphiphilic molecular layers |
| US11898984B2 (en) | 2007-12-19 | 2024-02-13 | Oxford Nanopore Technologies Plc | Nanopore arrays for sequencing nucleic acids |
| US8062489B2 (en) | 2009-10-07 | 2011-11-22 | Panasonic Corporation | Method for forming artificial lipid membrane |
| JP2012083314A (en) * | 2010-10-14 | 2012-04-26 | Kyushu Univ | Lipid membrane sensor and manufacturing method thereof |
| US10338056B2 (en) | 2012-02-13 | 2019-07-02 | Oxford Nanopore Technologies Ltd. | Apparatus for supporting an array of layers of amphiphilic molecules and method of forming an array of layers of amphiphilic molecules |
| US11561216B2 (en) | 2012-02-13 | 2023-01-24 | Oxford Nanopore Technologies Plc | Apparatus for supporting an array of layers of amphiphilic molecules and method of forming an array of layers of amphiphilic molecules |
| US11913936B2 (en) | 2012-02-13 | 2024-02-27 | Oxford Nanopore Technologies Plc | Apparatus for supporting an array of layers of amphiphilic molecules and method of forming an array of layers of amphiphilic molecules |
| US10814298B2 (en) | 2012-10-26 | 2020-10-27 | Oxford Nanopore Technologies Ltd. | Formation of array of membranes and apparatus therefor |
| US10549274B2 (en) | 2014-10-17 | 2020-02-04 | Oxford Nanopore Technologies Ltd. | Electrical device with detachable components |
| WO2017134804A1 (en) * | 2016-02-05 | 2017-08-10 | 株式会社日立製作所 | Sensor element and sensor device |
| US11596940B2 (en) | 2016-07-06 | 2023-03-07 | Oxford Nanopore Technologies Plc | Microfluidic device |
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