JPH04209017A - Self-actuated pressure reducing valve - Google Patents
Self-actuated pressure reducing valveInfo
- Publication number
- JPH04209017A JPH04209017A JP40019990A JP40019990A JPH04209017A JP H04209017 A JPH04209017 A JP H04209017A JP 40019990 A JP40019990 A JP 40019990A JP 40019990 A JP40019990 A JP 40019990A JP H04209017 A JPH04209017 A JP H04209017A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- valve
- box
- secondary side
- holes
- primary side
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 abstract description 12
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000008235 industrial water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Control Of Fluid Pressure (AREA)
Abstract
Description
［０００１１ [00011
【産業上の利用分野］本発明は、上水道水、農業用水、
工業用水などの水系をコントロールする制御弁として好
適な自力式減圧弁に関するものである。
［０００２］
【従来の技術】従来より、自力式減圧弁として、図３に
示すＶポート形式または図４に示す円板形式と称される
ものが多用されている。図３に示すＶポート形式は、弁
１箱１の内部が弁箱弁座２によって１次側Ａと２次側
Ｂに区画され、この弁箱弁座２に形成された１つの弁孔
３を開閉する１つの弁体４が弁箱１と弁蓋５の間に介在
するする流量が増加する。この場合でも密閉空間７には
１次側Ａから水が流入しているけれども、密閉空間７か
らパイロット弁９を通過する２次側への流量の増加によ
り、密閉空間７を減圧させることになる。故に、図２の
減圧弁では、仕切り部材６の下面に負荷される１次側Ａ
の流体圧によって仕切り部材６および弁体４が押し上げ
られ５図４の減圧弁では、弁体４の下面に負荷される１
次側の流体圧によって弁体４および仕切り部材６が押し
上げられるので、両減圧弁ともに弁孔３を通過する流量
が増加し、２次側の圧力が上がり始め、パイロット弁の
設定圧に近づくようになっている。
［０００４］Ｌかし、これら従来の減圧弁では、弁箱弁
座２に形成された１つの弁孔３を１つの弁体４によって
開閉するように構成されているので、流体は１つの弁孔
３を通過して１次側から２次側に流動することになり、
流れのエネルギが１つの弁孔３にのみ集中することにな
る。そのために、キャビテーション特性が悪く弁の不安
定化を招く要因になっている。特に、図３の減圧弁では
、ハンチングが起こりやすく流量特性も悪い欠点を有し
ている。
［０００５］[Industrial Application Field] The present invention is applicable to tap water, agricultural water,
The present invention relates to a self-powered pressure reducing valve suitable as a control valve for controlling water systems such as industrial water. [0002] Conventionally, a so-called V-port type shown in FIG. 3 or a disc type shown in FIG. 4 have been widely used as self-powered pressure reducing valves. In the V port type shown in FIG. 3, the inside of a valve box 1 is divided into a primary side A and a secondary side B by a valve box valve seat 2, and one valve hole 3 formed in this valve box valve seat 2. Since one valve body 4 that opens and closes is interposed between the valve body 1 and the valve cover 5, the flow rate increases. Even in this case, water is flowing into the sealed space 7 from the primary side A, but due to the increase in flow rate from the sealed space 7 to the secondary side passing through the pilot valve 9, the pressure in the sealed space 7 is reduced. . Therefore, in the pressure reducing valve of FIG. 2, the primary side A that is loaded on the lower surface of the partition member 6
The partition member 6 and the valve body 4 are pushed up by the fluid pressure of 5, and in the pressure reducing valve of FIG.
Since the valve body 4 and the partition member 6 are pushed up by the fluid pressure on the next side, the flow rate passing through the valve hole 3 of both pressure reducing valves increases, and the pressure on the secondary side begins to rise, approaching the set pressure of the pilot valve. It has become. [0004] However, in these conventional pressure reducing valves, one valve hole 3 formed in the valve seat 2 of the valve body is opened and closed by one valve body 4, so the fluid flows through one valve. It passes through hole 3 and flows from the primary side to the secondary side,
The energy of the flow will be concentrated in only one valve hole 3. As a result, cavitation characteristics are poor and this causes instability of the valve. In particular, the pressure reducing valve shown in FIG. 3 has the disadvantage that hunting tends to occur and the flow characteristics are poor. [0005]
【考案が解決しようとする課題】解決しようとする問題
点は、キャビテーション特性および流量特性が悪く弁の
ピストンによってなる仕切り部材６に一体に結合される
とともに、弁蓋５と仕切り部材６とで囲まれた密閉空間
７がフィルタ８Ａと絞り弁８Ｂを直列に介設した第１の
通路８を介して１次側Ａに接続され、かつパイロット弁
９が介設された第２の通路１０を介して２次側Ｂに接続
されている。また図４に示す円板形式は、弁箱１の内部
が弁箱弁座２によって１次側Ａと２次側Ｂに区画され、
この弁箱弁座２に形成された１つの弁孔３を開閉する１
つの弁体４が弁箱１と弁蓋５の間に介在するダイヤフラ
ムによってなる仕切り部材引こ一体に結合されるととも
に、弁蓋５と仕切り部材６とで囲まれた密閉空間７がフ
ィルタ８Ａと絞り弁８Ｂを直列に介設した第１の通路８
を介して１次側Ａに接続され、かつパイロット弁９が介
設された第２の通路１０を介して２次側Ｂに接続されて
いる。
［０００３］したがって、両減圧弁とも、２次側Ｂの圧
力がパイロット弁９の設定圧よりも高くなると、パイロ
ット弁９は閉方向に作動し、パイロット弁９を通過する
流量が減少する。密閉空間７には、１次側Ａから第１の
通路８を介して水が流入するため、パイロット弁９の流
量減少によって密閉空間７の圧力が高くなる。したがっ
て、この圧力とスプリング１１のばね力との協働によっ
て仕切り部材６と弁体４を押し下げる。そのために、弁
孔３を通過する流量が減少し、２次側Ｂの圧力が下がり
始めてパイロット弁９の設定圧に近づく。一方、２次側
Ｂの圧力がパイロット弁９の設定圧より低くなると、パ
イロット弁９は開方向に作動し、パイロット弁９を通過
不安定化を招く点である。
［０００６］[Problem to be solved by the invention] The problem to be solved is that the valve has poor cavitation characteristics and flow characteristics, and is integrally connected to the partition member 6 formed by the piston of the valve, and is surrounded by the valve cover 5 and the partition member 6. The sealed space 7 is connected to the primary side A via a first passage 8 in which a filter 8A and a throttle valve 8B are interposed in series, and is connected to the primary side A through a second passage 10 in which a pilot valve 9 is interposed. and is connected to the secondary side B. Further, in the disc type shown in FIG. 4, the inside of the valve box 1 is divided into a primary side A and a secondary side B by a valve seat 2 of the valve box.
1 for opening and closing one valve hole 3 formed in this valve box valve seat 2
The two valve bodies 4 are connected to a sliding partition member formed by a diaphragm interposed between the valve box 1 and the valve lid 5, and a sealed space 7 surrounded by the valve lid 5 and the partition member 6 is connected to a filter 8A. A first passage 8 with a throttle valve 8B interposed in series
It is connected to the primary side A via the secondary side B, and is connected to the secondary side B via the second passage 10 in which the pilot valve 9 is interposed. [0003] Therefore, in both pressure reducing valves, when the pressure on the secondary side B becomes higher than the set pressure of the pilot valve 9, the pilot valve 9 operates in the closing direction, and the flow rate passing through the pilot valve 9 decreases. Since water flows into the sealed space 7 from the primary side A through the first passage 8, the pressure in the sealed space 7 increases as the flow rate of the pilot valve 9 decreases. Therefore, this pressure and the spring force of the spring 11 work together to push down the partition member 6 and the valve body 4. Therefore, the flow rate passing through the valve hole 3 decreases, and the pressure on the secondary side B begins to decrease and approaches the set pressure of the pilot valve 9. On the other hand, when the pressure on the secondary side B becomes lower than the set pressure of the pilot valve 9, the pilot valve 9 operates in the opening direction, causing passage through the pilot valve 9 and causing instability. [0006]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明は、弁箱の内部が
弁箱弁座によって１次側と２次側に区画され、この弁箱
弁座に形成された弁孔を開閉する弁体が弁箱と弁蓋間に
介在する仕切り部材に一体結合されるとともに、弁蓋と
３０ 仕切り部材とで囲まれた密閉空間が第１の通路を
介して弁箱の１次側に接続され、かつパイロット弁が介
設された第２の通路を介して弁箱の２次側に接続されて
いる自力式減圧弁において、前記弁箱弁座に複数の弁孔
が形成され、前記弁体が前記複数の弁孔のそれぞれを開
閉する複数のスプール弁によって構成されていることを
特徴とし、１次側の流体を複数の弁孔から２次側に流動
させることにより、流れのエネルギを分散させて、キャ
ビテーション特性を改善し、かつスプール弁の形状によ
り流量特性を向上させて、弁の安定化を図る目的を簡単
な構造循 で実現した。
［０００７］[Means for Solving the Problems] The present invention provides a valve body in which the inside of a valve box is divided into a primary side and a secondary side by a valve seat of the valve box, and a valve body that opens and closes a valve hole formed in the valve seat of the valve box. is integrally connected to a partition member interposed between the valve box and the valve cover, and a sealed space surrounded by the valve cover and the partition member is connected to the primary side of the valve box via the first passage, In the self-powered pressure reducing valve, which is connected to the secondary side of the valve box through a second passage in which a pilot valve is interposed, a plurality of valve holes are formed in the valve seat of the valve box, and the valve body is connected to the secondary side of the valve box. It is characterized by being composed of a plurality of spool valves that open and close each of the plurality of valve holes, and by causing the fluid on the primary side to flow from the plurality of valve holes to the secondary side, the energy of the flow is dispersed. We have achieved the purpose of stabilizing the valve by improving the cavitation characteristics and improving the flow characteristics by changing the shape of the spool valve with a simple structural circulation. [0007]
【作用】本発明によれば、１次側の流体は、複数の弁孔
から２次側に流動することになるので、流れのエネルギ
が分散されるから、キャビテーション特性が改善される
ことになる。また、スプール弁の形状を適切に設定する
ことで流量特性が改善される。
［０００８］[Operation] According to the present invention, since the fluid on the primary side flows to the secondary side through the plurality of valve holes, the energy of the flow is dispersed, so the cavitation characteristics are improved. . Further, by appropriately setting the shape of the spool valve, the flow characteristics can be improved. [0008]
【実施例】図１は、本発明自力式減圧弁の１実施例を示
す断面図であり、前記図２および図３の従来例と同一も
５０シ＜は相当部分には、同一符号を付して説明する。
［０００９１図１において、弁箱１の内部が弁箱弁座２
によって１次側Ａと２次側Ｂに区画され、この弁箱弁座
２を上下方向に貫通して複数（例えば６ないし８個）の
弁孔３，３（ただし、図面には２つの弁孔３，３のみが
示されている）が形成され、これら弁孔３，３が弁体４
によって開閉される。弁体４は、弁箱１と弁蓋５の間に
介在するダイヤフラムによってなる仕切り部材６に一体
に結合されるととも（−スプリング１１によって常時下
向きに付勢されている。そして、弁蓋５と仕切り部材６
とで囲まれた密閉空間７がフィルタ８Ａと絞り弁８Ｂを
直列に介設した第１の通路８を介して１次側Ａに接続さ
れ、かつ周知のパイロット弁９が介設された第２の通路
１０を介して２次側Ｂに接続されている。
［００１０１弁体４は、弁箱弁座２の上部に同心状に対
向して設けられており、中央の主体部４Ａと、この主体
部４Ａの上部に仕切り部材６を挟んで固着される上体部
４Ｂおよび主体部４Ａの下面に固着される弁体シート４
Ｃを備え、中心部を貫通して上下に延出する弁棒１２の
上端部が弁蓋５に取り付けられた軸受５Ａに摺動自在に
支持され、下端部が弁箱弁座２の中心孔２Ａに摺動自在
に挿し込まれている。弁体シート４Ｃには、弁箱弁座２
される１次側Ａの流体圧によって仕切り部材６、弁体４
および弁棒１２が押し上げられ、つづいて弁シート４Ｃ
の下面に１次側Ａの流体圧が負荷されて仕切り部材６、
弁体４および弁棒１２がさらに押し上げられ、スプール
弁４Ｄの弁頭部４ｄが上方に移動する。スプール弁４Ｄ
の弁頭部４ｄは、下向き円錐状に形成されているから、
弁頭部４ｄの上昇量に対してして弁孔３，３を通過する
流量が比例的に増加する特性により、１次側Ａの流体を
２次側Ｂに流動させることができる。１次側Ａの流体が
１０２次側Ｂに流動することで２次側Ｂの圧力が上がり
始め、パイロット弁の設定圧に近づくことになり、２次
側Ｂの圧力がパイロット弁９の設定圧よりも高くなると
、以後は前述の作動を反復して自力減圧を行う。
［００１２］１次側Ａの流体は、複数の弁孔３，３から
２次側Ｂに流動することになるので、流れのエネルギが
分散されるから、キャビテーション特性が改善されるこ
とと、弁孔３，３に出入りするスプール弁４Ｄの弁頭部
４ｄが下向き円錐状に形成されているから、弁頭部４ｄ
の開度に対する流量特性が図２のグラフに示すような比
２ 測的な変動状態に改善されることになって、弁の安
定化を図ることが可能になる。
［００１３］
ｒ春Ｒ日／７”ｌｆＡＭｌｌ 円 １雪６日日１
ｆ−）−−”ｌ Ｌ−ｊｃｇ８日日ｊ＋ １
”Ａ−ａｌｌ１Ｍ流体を複数の弁孔から２次側に流動さ
せることにより、流れのエネルギを分散させることがで
きるから、キャビテーション特性が改善されることにな
る。また、スプール弁の形状を適切に設定することで流
量特性が向上するので、弁の安定化を図ることができる
利点を有する。[Embodiment] Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing one embodiment of the self-powered pressure reducing valve of the present invention. and explain. [00091 In FIG. 1, the inside of the valve body 1 is the valve body valve seat 2.
The valve box is divided into a primary side A and a secondary side B, and a plurality of (for example, 6 to 8) valve holes 3, 3 (however, two valve holes are shown in the drawing) vertically pass through the valve seat 2 of the valve box. Only holes 3, 3 are shown) are formed, and these valve holes 3, 3 form a valve body 4.
It is opened and closed by The valve body 4 is integrally connected to a partition member 6 formed of a diaphragm interposed between the valve box 1 and the valve lid 5 (- is always urged downward by a spring 11; and partition member 6
A sealed space 7 surrounded by is connected to the primary side A via a first passage 8 in which a filter 8A and a throttle valve 8B are interposed in series, and a second passageway in which a well-known pilot valve 9 is interposed. It is connected to the secondary side B via a passage 10. [00101 The valve body 4 is provided concentrically opposite to the upper part of the valve box valve seat 2, and has a main body part 4A in the center and an upper body fixed to the upper part of the main body part 4A with a partition member 6 in between. Valve sheet 4 fixed to the lower surfaces of the body portion 4B and the main body portion 4A
The upper end of the valve rod 12, which extends vertically through the center thereof, is slidably supported by a bearing 5A attached to the valve cover 5, and the lower end thereof is connected to the center hole of the valve seat 2 of the valve box. It is slidably inserted into 2A. The valve body seat 4C has a valve body valve seat 2.
Due to the fluid pressure on the primary side A, the partition member 6 and the valve body 4
Then, the valve stem 12 is pushed up, and then the valve seat 4C
The fluid pressure of the primary side A is applied to the lower surface of the partition member 6,
The valve body 4 and the valve stem 12 are further pushed up, and the valve head 4d of the spool valve 4D moves upward. Spool valve 4D
Since the valve head 4d is formed into a downward conical shape,
The fluid on the primary side A can be made to flow to the secondary side B due to the characteristic that the flow rate passing through the valve holes 3, 3 increases in proportion to the amount of rise of the valve head 4d. As the fluid on the primary side A flows to the secondary side B, the pressure on the secondary side B begins to rise and approaches the set pressure of the pilot valve, and the pressure on the secondary side B becomes the set pressure of the pilot valve 9. If the pressure becomes higher than that, the above-mentioned operation is repeated to reduce the pressure on its own. [0012] The fluid on the primary side A flows from the plurality of valve holes 3, 3 to the secondary side B, so the energy of the flow is dispersed, so the cavitation characteristics are improved, and the valve Since the valve head 4d of the spool valve 4D that goes in and out of the holes 3, 3 is formed in a downward conical shape, the valve head 4d
The flow rate characteristics with respect to the opening degree of the valve are improved to a ratio two-dimensional fluctuating state as shown in the graph of FIG. 2, making it possible to stabilize the valve. [0013] rSpring R day/7”lfAMll yen 1 snow day 6 day 1
f-)--"l L-jcg 8th day j+ 1
"By flowing the A-all 1M fluid to the secondary side through multiple valve holes, the energy of the flow can be dispersed, resulting in improved cavitation characteristics. In addition, the shape of the spool valve can be adjusted appropriately. Setting this value improves the flow rate characteristics, which has the advantage of stabilizing the valve.
３０ 30
【図１】本発明の１実施例を示す断面図である。FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing one embodiment of the present invention.
【図２】スプール弁の開度と流量の関係を示すグラフで
ある。FIG. 2 is a graph showing the relationship between the opening degree of the spool valve and the flow rate.
【図３】従来の自力式減圧弁の一例を示す断面図である
。FIG. 3 is a sectional view showing an example of a conventional self-powered pressure reducing valve.
【図４】従来の自力式減圧弁の他の例を示す断面図であ
る。FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing another example of a conventional self-powered pressure reducing valve.
１ 弁箱 ２ 弁箱弁座 ４０３ 弁孔 ４ 弁体 ４Ｄ スプール弁 ５ 弁蓋 ６ 仕切り部材 ７ 密閉空間 ８ 第１の通路 ９ パイロット弁 Ａ １次側 Ｂ ２次側 1. Bento box 2 Bento box valve seat 403 Valve hole 4 Valve body 4D spool valve 5 Valve lid 6 Partition member 7 Closed space 8 First passage 9 Pilot valve A Primary side B Secondary side
【図１】[Figure 1]
【図３】[Figure 3]
【図２】[Figure 2]
【図４】[Figure 4]
Claims (1)
次側に区画され、この弁箱弁座に形成された弁孔を開閉
する弁体が弁箱と弁蓋間に介在する仕切り部材に一体に
結合されるとともに、弁蓋と仕切り部材とで囲まれた密
閉空間が第１の通路を介して弁箱の１次側に接続され、
かつパイロット弁が介設された第２の通路を介して弁箱
の２次側に接続されている自力式減圧弁において、前記
弁箱弁座に複数の弁孔が形成され、前記弁体が前記複数
の弁孔のそれぞれを開閉する複数のスプール弁によって
構成されていることを特徴とする自力式減圧弁。Claim 1: The inside of the valve box is connected to the primary side by the valve seat of the valve box.
A valve element which opens and closes a valve hole formed in the valve seat of the valve box and which is partitioned on the next side is integrally connected to a partition member interposed between the valve box and the valve cover, and is surrounded by the valve cover and the partition member. a sealed space connected to the primary side of the valve body via the first passage;
In the self-powered pressure reducing valve, which is connected to the secondary side of the valve box through a second passage in which a pilot valve is interposed, a plurality of valve holes are formed in the valve seat of the valve box, and the valve body is connected to the secondary side of the valve box. A self-powered pressure reducing valve, characterized in that it is constituted by a plurality of spool valves that open and close each of the plurality of valve holes.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP40019990A JPH04209017A (en) | 1990-12-03 | 1990-12-03 | Self-actuated pressure reducing valve |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP40019990A JPH04209017A (en) | 1990-12-03 | 1990-12-03 | Self-actuated pressure reducing valve |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH04209017A true JPH04209017A (en) | 1992-07-30 |
Family
ID=18510114
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP40019990A Pending JPH04209017A (en) | 1990-12-03 | 1990-12-03 | Self-actuated pressure reducing valve |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH04209017A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH08234846A (en) * | 1995-02-27 | 1996-09-13 | Yoshitake:Kk | Control valve with metallic diaphragm |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5776522A (en) * | 1980-10-30 | 1982-05-13 | Casio Comput Co Ltd | Liquid crystal display device |
| JPS59133767A (en) * | 1983-01-21 | 1984-08-01 | Nec Corp | Control system of switchboard |
| JPS6024609A (en) * | 1983-07-19 | 1985-02-07 | Morita Tekkosho:Kk | Automatic valve |
-
1990
- 1990-12-03 JP JP40019990A patent/JPH04209017A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5776522A (en) * | 1980-10-30 | 1982-05-13 | Casio Comput Co Ltd | Liquid crystal display device |
| JPS59133767A (en) * | 1983-01-21 | 1984-08-01 | Nec Corp | Control system of switchboard |
| JPS6024609A (en) * | 1983-07-19 | 1985-02-07 | Morita Tekkosho:Kk | Automatic valve |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH08234846A (en) * | 1995-02-27 | 1996-09-13 | Yoshitake:Kk | Control valve with metallic diaphragm |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US5137254A (en) | Pressure compensated flow amplifying poppet valve | |
| US5421545A (en) | Poppet valve with force feedback control | |
| US5645263A (en) | Pilot valve for a flow amplyifying poppet valve | |
| US3211174A (en) | Pressure relief or blowdown valve | |
| US3873063A (en) | Aspirated balance piston | |
| US5299775A (en) | Flow modulating control valve assembly | |
| DE1550090B2 (en) | DIAPHRAGM CONTROLLED PRESSURE REDUCING VALVE | |
| US3512560A (en) | Relief valve | |
| JP2008501917A (en) | Electrically actuable valve | |
| US3613716A (en) | Pressure-responsive control valve | |
| US7789373B2 (en) | Ball poppet valve with contoured control stem | |
| JPH04209017A (en) | Self-actuated pressure reducing valve | |
| US3217740A (en) | Relief valve having partial balancing arrangement | |
| DE1040331B (en) | Pressure regulator | |
| JPH0432272B2 (en) | ||
| US4671488A (en) | Reversing orifice assembly for a solenoid operated valve assembly | |
| DE4231998A1 (en) | Pressure regulating valve with proportional solenoid - has spool with displacement provided by proportional solenoid operating a small valve to vary pressure applied to end of valve spool | |
| DE1284232B (en) | Valve with a membrane controlling the closure piece | |
| DE3302784A1 (en) | OVERFLOW VALVE WITH DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE CONTROL | |
| DE3544389A1 (en) | PRE-CONTROLLED PRESSURE LIMIT VALVE | |
| JPH0418014Y2 (en) | ||
| DE69500504T2 (en) | Exhaust gas recirculation system | |
| JP3032943B2 (en) | Constant flow valve | |
| JPH0142705Y2 (en) | ||
| JPH0542292Y2 (en) |