JPH04204754A - Method of developing electrostatic latent image - Google Patents
Method of developing electrostatic latent imageInfo
- Publication number
- JPH04204754A JPH04204754A JP2337542A JP33754290A JPH04204754A JP H04204754 A JPH04204754 A JP H04204754A JP 2337542 A JP2337542 A JP 2337542A JP 33754290 A JP33754290 A JP 33754290A JP H04204754 A JPH04204754 A JP H04204754A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- toner
- developer
- carrier
- resin
- latent image
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 35
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229920001225 polyester resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000004645 polyester resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000011162 core material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000004640 Melamine resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229920000877 Melamine resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229920001909 styrene-acrylic polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000012805 post-processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229920006026 co-polymeric resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 31
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 18
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 11
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000011164 primary particle Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 6
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 5
- 108091008695 photoreceptors Proteins 0.000 description 5
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 5
- KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Terephthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C=C1 KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- QQVIHTHCMHWDBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N isophthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC(C(O)=O)=C1 QQVIHTHCMHWDBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 4
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000178 Acrylic resin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229910002012 Aerosil® Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl methacrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(C)=C VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- -1 bisfu-7-nors Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000696 magnetic material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229920002545 silicone oil Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920005792 styrene-acrylic resin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- OZAIFHULBGXAKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-cyanopropan-2-yldiazenyl)-2-methylpropanenitrile Chemical compound N#CC(C)(C)N=NC(C)(C)C#N OZAIFHULBGXAKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SOGAXMICEFXMKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butylmethacrylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C(C)=C SOGAXMICEFXMKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MZZSDCJQCLYLLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Secalonsaeure A Natural products COC(=O)C12OC3C(CC1=C(O)CC(C)C2O)C(=CC=C3c4ccc(O)c5C(=O)C6=C(O)CC(C)C(O)C6(Oc45)C(=O)OC)O MZZSDCJQCLYLLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002835 absorbance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 2
- JGFBRKRYDCGYKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibutyl(oxo)tin Chemical compound CCCC[Sn](=O)CCCC JGFBRKRYDCGYKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000007974 melamines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 2
- XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N succinic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCC(O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920006305 unsaturated polyester Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000004580 weight loss Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000013585 weight reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- WHFHDVDXYKOSKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethenyl-4-ethylbenzene Chemical compound CCC1=CC=C(C=C)C=C1 WHFHDVDXYKOSKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JAHNSTQSQJOJLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-fluorophenyl)-1h-imidazole Chemical compound FC1=CC=CC(C=2NC=CN=2)=C1 JAHNSTQSQJOJLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SJIXRGNQPBQWMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(diethylamino)ethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCN(CC)CCOC(=O)C(C)=C SJIXRGNQPBQWMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JKNCOURZONDCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CN(C)CCOC(=O)C(C)=C JKNCOURZONDCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DPBJAVGHACCNRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CN(C)CCOC(=O)C=C DPBJAVGHACCNRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FLCAEMBIQVZWIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-(dimethylamino)-2-methylhex-2-enamide Chemical compound CN(C)CCCC=C(C)C(N)=O FLCAEMBIQVZWIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010000060 Abdominal distension Diseases 0.000 description 1
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C=C HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylonitrile Chemical compound C=CC#N NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005046 Chlorosilane Substances 0.000 description 1
- JIGUQPWFLRLWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acrylate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C=C JIGUQPWFLRLWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N Selenium Chemical compound [Se] BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silane Chemical compound [SiH4] BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KXKVLQRXCPHEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid trimethyl ester Natural products COC(C)=O KXKVLQRXCPHEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000001343 alkyl silanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- XYLMUPLGERFSHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-Methylstyrene Chemical compound CC(=C)C1=CC=CC=C1 XYLMUPLGERFSHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CXOWYMLTGOFURZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N azanylidynechromium Chemical compound [Cr]#N CXOWYMLTGOFURZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SKKMWRVAJNPLFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N azanylidynevanadium Chemical compound [V]#N SKKMWRVAJNPLFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052790 beryllium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ATBAMAFKBVZNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N beryllium atom Chemical compound [Be] ATBAMAFKBVZNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000024330 bloating Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000038 blue colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000011088 calibration curve Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- KOPOQZFJUQMUML-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorosilane Chemical compound Cl[SiH3] KOPOQZFJUQMUML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000306 component Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- XCJYREBRNVKWGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper(II) phthalocyanine Chemical compound [Cu+2].C12=CC=CC=C2C(N=C2[N-]C(C3=CC=CC=C32)=N2)=NC1=NC([C]1C=CC=CC1=1)=NC=1N=C1[C]3C=CC=CC3=C2[N-]1 XCJYREBRNVKWGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007822 coupling agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001938 differential scanning calorimetry curve Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ether Substances CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009477 glass transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(II,III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]O[Fe]=O SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011976 maleic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000956 methoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 1
- LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylenebutanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(=C)C(O)=O LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- HMZGPNHSPWNGEP-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)C(C)=C HMZGPNHSPWNGEP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NZIDBRBFGPQCRY-UHFFFAOYSA-N octyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCOC(=O)C(C)=C NZIDBRBFGPQCRY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940065472 octyl acrylate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- ANISOHQJBAQUQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N octyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCOC(=O)C=C ANISOHQJBAQUQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012860 organic pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N pent‐4‐en‐2‐one Natural products CC(=O)CC=C PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 1
- PNXMTCDJUBJHQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N propyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)C=C PNXMTCDJUBJHQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001062 red colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052711 selenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011669 selenium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004756 silanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001384 succinic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940035289 tobi Drugs 0.000 description 1
- NLVFBUXFDBBNBW-PBSUHMDJSA-N tobramycin Chemical compound N[C@@H]1C[C@H](O)[C@@H](CN)O[C@@H]1O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O[C@@H]2[C@@H]([C@@H](N)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O2)O)[C@H](N)C[C@@H]1N NLVFBUXFDBBNBW-PBSUHMDJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000032258 transport Effects 0.000 description 1
- ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCOCCO ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
- UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten carbide Chemical compound [W+]#[C-] UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001060 yellow colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G13/00—Electrographic processes using a charge pattern
- G03G13/06—Developing
- G03G13/08—Developing using a solid developer, e.g. powder developer
- G03G13/09—Developing using a solid developer, e.g. powder developer using magnetic brush
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G9/00—Developers
- G03G9/08—Developers with toner particles
- G03G9/087—Binders for toner particles
- G03G9/08742—Binders for toner particles comprising macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- G03G9/08755—Polyesters
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G9/00—Developers
- G03G9/08—Developers with toner particles
- G03G9/097—Plasticisers; Charge controlling agents
- G03G9/09708—Inorganic compounds
- G03G9/09716—Inorganic compounds treated with organic compounds
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G9/00—Developers
- G03G9/08—Developers with toner particles
- G03G9/10—Developers with toner particles characterised by carrier particles
- G03G9/113—Developers with toner particles characterised by carrier particles having coatings applied thereto
- G03G9/1132—Macromolecular components of coatings
- G03G9/1137—Macromolecular components of coatings being crosslinked
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Developing Agents For Electrophotography (AREA)
- Magnetic Brush Developing In Electrophotography (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
産業上の利用分野
本発明はフルカラー画像を形成するための静電潜像現像
方法に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for developing electrostatic latent images for forming full color images.
裟迷技術おt区μs舅−
電子写真方式はPPC,グリンター、ファクシミリ等に
幅広く用いられており、複数色のカラートナーを重ね合
わせることにより多色を再現するフルカラー画像形成方
式が採用されるに至っている。The electrophotographic method is widely used in PPC, printers, facsimiles, etc., and full-color image forming methods that reproduce multiple colors by overlapping multiple color toners are being adopted. It has been reached.
このような、フルカラー現像方法I:おいては、主に絵
、写真、グラフィック等の原稿を複写するのに使用され
るため、現像性I:優れた現像方法を用いることか必要
となる。現像性J二優れた現像方法としては、現像剤を
保持・搬送する現像剤担持体Iこ、現像バイアスとして
、直流成分lこ交流成分を重畳したバイアス電圧を印加
する現像方法が知られている。Since such full-color developing method I is mainly used for copying manuscripts such as pictures, photographs, and graphics, it is necessary to use a developing method with excellent developability I. As a developing method with excellent developability, a developing method is known in which a developer carrier that holds and transports the developer is used, and a bias voltage in which a direct current component and an alternating current component are superimposed is applied as a developing bias. .
この現像方法においては、現像剤は現像領域で交流成分
の重畳によって振動し、より指、拌される二とになるた
め、現像領域に供給されるトナ〜の帯電量が十分でなか
ったり、あるいは不均一であったりすると、振動現象に
よ−って低帯電量のトナーが飛散してしまい、[・ナー
かふりや装置内のトナー汚染を招く。従って、この現像
方法を採用するためには、均一で適正な帯電量を有する
トナーを供給する必要がある。その解決手段としてトナ
ーに荷電制御剤を添加することが考えられるが、荷電制
御剤として特性の優れたものには有色のものが多くフル
カラー用トナーノニは採用できないため、帯電性の問題
を十分に解消することはできない。In this developing method, the developer vibrates in the developing area due to the superimposition of AC components and becomes more agitated, which may result in insufficient charge of the toner supplied to the developing area, or If the toner is not uniform, the toner with a low charge amount will be scattered due to the vibration phenomenon, resulting in toner scattering and toner contamination inside the device. Therefore, in order to employ this developing method, it is necessary to supply toner that is uniform and has an appropriate amount of charge. One possible solution to this problem is to add a charge control agent to the toner, but many of the charge control agents with excellent properties are colored, and full-color toners cannot be used, so this is not enough to solve the chargeability problem. I can't.
また、フルカラー用ト・ナーを構成する樹脂としては、
透光性の確保、複写画像の多色積層構成の層間の密着性
の確保等の関点から、低粘度のポリエステル系樹脂が使
用されるが、それに起因する種々の問題か生じる。例え
は、トナー用樹脂が低粘度であるために、トサーかAヤ
リア表面に固着するいわゆるトナーのスペント化現象が
生じ易い。In addition, the resins that make up the full color toner include:
Low viscosity polyester resins are used in order to ensure transparency and adhesion between the layers of the multicolor laminated structure of the copied image, but various problems arise due to this. For example, since the toner resin has a low viscosity, a so-called spent toner phenomenon in which the toner sticks to the surface of the toner or A-yellow tends to occur.
特lこ、直流成分に交流成分を重畳したバイアス電圧を
印加する現像方法においては振動現象によ−)でトナー
とキャリアの間にストレスが生じるため、スペントトナ
ーが発生しやすい。また、現像剤には流動性を向上させ
るための流動化剤が添加されるが、トナーが低粘度であ
ると流動化剤がトナー中に埋め込まれてしまい流動性が
悪化する。さらに、ポリエステル系樹脂はその末端に−
C) )−1基、−COOH基等を有しているため、ト
→−の特性か環境によって大きく変動するという問題も
生じる。In particular, in a developing method in which a bias voltage in which an alternating current component is superimposed on a direct current component is applied, stress is generated between the toner and the carrier due to vibration phenomena, and thus spent toner is likely to occur. Further, a fluidizing agent is added to the developer to improve fluidity, but if the toner has a low viscosity, the fluidizing agent will be embedded in the toner and the fluidity will deteriorate. Furthermore, polyester resin has −
C) Since it has a )-1 group, a -COOH group, etc., there arises the problem that the properties of the t→- change greatly depending on the environment.
東吸た転入1J→−ζ″#L条−膠−販本発明は上記事
情に鑑みなさitだもの′C′おり、フルカラー画像形
成方法における種々の問題を解消し、良好なフルカラー
画像を得る現像ブ)法を提供することを目的とする。In view of the above circumstances, the present invention has been developed to solve various problems in the full-color image forming method and obtain a good full-color image. The purpose is to provide a developing method.
課題を解決するための手段
すなわち、本発明は内部に磁石体を有し、静電潜像担持
体に対向配置された非磁性の現像剤担持部材上に、25
00≦Mn≦12000.2 <q M w/Mn≦6
.50℃二Tg≦70℃、80″C≦Tm≦120℃で
あるポリエステル系樹脂と着色剤からなるトナーと、ス
ヂレンーアクリル共重合体樹脂とメラミン樹脂とを架橋
した熱硬化性樹脂で磁性芯材料を被覆してなるキャリア
と、疎水性シリカおよび疎水性酸化チタンまたは疎水性
酸化アルミニウム(アルミナ)からなる後処理剤とから
なる現像剤を供給する工程:
上記現像剤を現像領域に搬送する工程:現像領域におい
て、周波数1000〜3500Hz、ピーク・トウ・ピ
ーク電圧が300〜2500Vの交流成分と直流成分を
重畳した現像バイアスの下で、静電潜像担持体上に形成
された静電潜像を現像する工程:
かもなる静電潜像現像方法に関する。Means for Solving the Problems, That is, the present invention has a magnetic body inside and a 2.
00≦Mn≦12000.2 <q M w/Mn≦6
.. A thermosetting resin made by crosslinking a toner made of a polyester resin and a colorant with 50℃2 Tg≦70℃ and 80″C≦Tm≦120℃, a styrene-acrylic copolymer resin, and a melamine resin. Step of supplying a developer consisting of a carrier coated with a magnetic core material and a post-processing agent made of hydrophobic silica and hydrophobic titanium oxide or hydrophobic aluminum oxide (alumina): Transporting the developer to the development area Step of developing: In the developing region, under a developing bias in which an AC component and a DC component with a frequency of 1000 to 3500 Hz and a peak-to-peak voltage of 300 to 2500 V are superimposed, the electrostatic charge formed on the electrostatic latent image carrier is Step of developing a latent image: This invention relates to an electrostatic latent image developing method.
本発明の静電潜像現像方法は磁気ブラシ現像方法であり
、回転駆動される感光体の表面に対向して、磁石体を内
臓した非磁性現像剤担持体を設け、現像剤担持体1;供
給された現像剤を、磁石体の磁力で現像剤担持体の外周
面に保持しつつ、現像剤担持体と感光体tが近接する現
像領域に搬送するものである。搬送は、現像剤担持体と
磁石体と苓同方向に回転駆動し、て現像剤を搬送する方
式、あるいは逆方向1こ回転駆動して現像剤を搬送する
方式、または現像剤担持体あるいは磁石体の一方向のみ
を回転させる方式等により行なわれる。The electrostatic latent image developing method of the present invention is a magnetic brush developing method, in which a non-magnetic developer carrier having a built-in magnet is provided opposite to the surface of a rotationally driven photoreceptor, developer carrier 1; The supplied developer is held on the outer circumferential surface of the developer carrier by the magnetic force of the magnet, and is conveyed to a developing area where the developer carrier and the photoreceptor t are in close proximity. The developer can be conveyed by rotating the developer carrier and the magnet in the same direction to convey the developer, or by rotating the developer carrier and the magnet in the opposite direction to convey the developer. This is done by rotating the body in only one direction.
現像剤担持体には、現像バイアス成分か重畳されており
、現像剤は、現像剤担持体と感光体との間に形成される
振動電界による振動・撹拌作用を受けながら現像領域に
おいて、感光体の表面の静電潜像か現像される。A developing bias component is superimposed on the developer carrier, and the developer is applied to the photoreceptor in the developing area while being subjected to vibration and agitation due to the oscillating electric field formed between the developer carrier and the photoreceptor. The electrostatic latent image on the surface is developed.
現像バイアスとして印加する交流成分としては周波数(
f)が1000〜3500Hz、ピーク・トウ・ピーク
(peak to peak)電圧(Vp−p)か
300〜2500Vの範囲で、かつ周波数(f)とピー
ク・トウ・ピーク電圧ffp−p)が、式[1]%式%
[1]
の関係を満たす範囲で重畳される。The frequency (
f) is in the range of 1000 to 3500 Hz, the peak-to-peak voltage (Vp-p) is in the range of 300 to 2500 V, and the frequency (f) and the peak-to-peak voltage ffp-p) are in the formula [1]% formula%
[1] They are superimposed within the range that satisfies the following relationship.
周波数(f)が1ooOHzより小さいと、画像の荒れ
が発生し、さらに500Hz以下の低周波では縞模様が
発生ずる。周波数(f)が3500Hzより大きいと、
電界振動にトナーの振動が追随しないため、交流成分重
畳の劾来がない。If the frequency (f) is less than 100 Hz, the image will become rough, and at low frequencies of 500 Hz or less, striped patterns will occur. If the frequency (f) is greater than 3500Hz,
Since the vibration of the toner does not follow the vibration of the electric field, there is no possibility of superimposition of alternating current components.
また、ピーク・ト・つ・ピーク電圧が300Vより小さ
いとトナーに振動を十分付与できず、交流成分重畳の効
果がない。ビ・−り・トウ・ピーク電圧が2500Vよ
り大きいとトナーかぶりが発生する。周波数(f)とピ
ーク・トウ・ピーク電圧が式II]の関係を満たさない
場合は、トナーかぶりが発生する。本発明の現像方法に
おいては、周波数がl 00 (1−3000Hz、
Vp−pが500−2000Vで、かつ式[I]を満足
することが好ましい。Furthermore, if the peak-to-peak voltage is less than 300V, sufficient vibration cannot be imparted to the toner, and there is no effect of alternating current component superimposition. If the peak voltage is higher than 2500V, toner fogging occurs. If the frequency (f) and the peak-to-peak voltage do not satisfy the relationship expressed by Equation II], toner fogging occurs. In the developing method of the present invention, the frequency is l 00 (1-3000Hz,
It is preferable that Vp-p is 500-2000V and satisfies formula [I].
現像領域での現像剤担持体上に保持された現像剤による
、静電潜像の現像は、静電潜像担持体と磁気ブラシとを
接触させた状態で行なう接触現像方式、または、静電潜
像担持体と磁気ブラシを非接触に保った状態で行なう飛
翔現像方式等を用いて行なわれる。Development of the electrostatic latent image using the developer held on the developer carrier in the development area is carried out by a contact development method in which the electrostatic latent image carrier is brought into contact with a magnetic brush, or by electrostatic development. This is carried out using a flying development method or the like in which the latent image carrier and the magnetic brush are kept in non-contact.
ところで、現像のバイアスを上述した範囲内で重畳しI
;としても、現像剤の特性が十分でない場合には、トナ
ー飛歓、トナーかぶり、スペントトナー等の問題か生じ
る。そこで、本発明においては以下に説明する現像剤を
使用して上記問題を解消する。本発明の現像方法に使用
するトナーは、少なくともポリエステル系樹脂と着色剤
からなる。By the way, if the developing bias is superimposed within the range mentioned above,
However, if the characteristics of the developer are not sufficient, problems such as toner scattering, toner fogging, and spent toner may occur. Therefore, in the present invention, the above problem is solved by using the developer described below. The toner used in the developing method of the present invention comprises at least a polyester resin and a colorant.
ポリエステル系樹m々しては、例えば、ビスフー7ノー
ル類、エチレ:/グリコール、トリエチレングリコール
、1.2−ブロビレングリコーノb、i、4−ブタンジ
オールなどのポリオールと、例えばマレイン酸、イタコ
ン酸等の脂肪族不飽和二塩基酸、フタル酸、テレフタル
酸、イソフタル酸、マロン酸、コハク酸等の二塩基酸な
とをIi縮合させて得られるものを挙げることができ、
本発明においては、特にポリエステル系樹脂中に不飽和
ポリエステルを存在させ、その不飽和ポリエステルIこ
芳香族ビニルモノマーをグラフト重合させた変性ポリエ
ステル樹脂を用いることが環境安定性改善の観点から好
ましい。この変性ポリエステル中のポリエステルの割合
は50wt%以上、好ましくは60〜90冒t%である
。Examples of polyester-based trees include polyols such as bisfu-7-nors, ethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, 1,2-brobylene glyconob,i,4-butanediol, and maleic acid, Examples include those obtained by condensing aliphatic unsaturated dibasic acids such as itaconic acid, dibasic acids such as phthalic acid, terephthalic acid, isophthalic acid, malonic acid, and succinic acid;
In the present invention, it is particularly preferable to use a modified polyester resin in which an unsaturated polyester is present in a polyester resin and an aromatic vinyl monomer is graft-polymerized with the unsaturated polyester I from the viewpoint of improving environmental stability. The proportion of polyester in this modified polyester is 50 wt% or more, preferably 60 to 90 wt%.
上記芳香族ビニルモノマーとしては、スチレン、α−メ
チルスチレン、ビニル[・ルエン、p−エチルスチレン
等が挙げられる。Examples of the aromatic vinyl monomer include styrene, α-methylstyrene, vinyl[.luene, p-ethylstyrene, and the like.
その他のビニルモノマーも芳香族ビニルモノマーと併用
することができ、例えば、メタクリル酸メチル、メタク
リル酸ブチル、メタクリル厳オクチル、メタクリル酸ス
チアリル等のメタクリル酸アルキルエステルw1ニアク
リル酸エチル、アクリル酸プロピル、アクリル酸ブチル
、アクリル酸オクチル等のアクリル酸アルキルエステル
類;アクリロニトリル、アクリルアミド;あるいは、メ
タクリル酸ジメチルアミノエチルエステル、メタクリル
酸ジエチルアミノエチルエステル、アクリル酸ジメチル
アミノエチルエステル、ジメチルアミノプロピルメタク
リルアミド等のアミノ基含有ビニルモノマーを使用する
ことができる。Other vinyl monomers can also be used in combination with aromatic vinyl monomers, such as methacrylic acid alkyl esters such as methyl methacrylate, butyl methacrylate, octyl methacrylate, and stearyl methacrylate w1 ethyl diacrylate, propyl acrylate, acrylic acid Acrylic acid alkyl esters such as butyl and octyl acrylate; acrylonitrile and acrylamide; or amino group-containing vinyls such as dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate, diethylaminoethyl methacrylate, dimethylaminoethyl acrylate, and dimethylaminopropylmethacrylamide. Monomers can be used.
本発明において、 !−ナーを構成するポリエステル
系樹脂としては、数平均分子量(Mn)が2500〜1
2000、分散度(Mv/Mn)が2〜6、ガラス転移
点(Tg)が50〜70℃、融点(Tm)が、80℃〜
120℃のものか適当である。これらの諸物性を満足し
、ないときは、トナーの透光性を1″分貴足させること
ができず、また、定着性および耐熱性が低下する。In the present invention, ! - The polyester resin constituting the toner has a number average molecular weight (Mn) of 2500 to 1.
2000, dispersity (Mv/Mn) 2-6, glass transition point (Tg) 50-70°C, melting point (Tm) 80°C-
A temperature of 120°C is suitable. If these physical properties are satisfied, the translucency of the toner cannot be enhanced by 1 inch, and the fixing properties and heat resistance are reduced.
着色剤としては例えば、黄色着色剤としてC1I、ピグ
メントイエロー12、C,1,ピグメントイエロー13
等を、赤色着色剤どしてC,I ピグメントレッド1
22、C,1,ビグメントレ・/ド57:1等、青色着
色剤としてC,!ピグメントブルー15等を挙げること
ができるが、それらの着色剤に限定されることなく、従
来透光性カラートナーに用いられている各色の顔料、染
料等を用いることができる。Examples of colorants include C1I, Pigment Yellow 12, C,1, and Pigment Yellow 13 as yellow colorants.
etc., with red colorant, C, I Pigment Red 1
22, C,1, pigment re/do 57:1 etc., as a blue colorant C,! Pigment Blue 15 and the like can be mentioned, but the colorant is not limited to these, and pigments, dyes, etc. of various colors conventionally used in translucent color toners can be used.
本発明のトナーには着色剤以外に、帯電制御剤等の所望
の添加剤を添加してもよい。In addition to the colorant, desired additives such as a charge control agent may be added to the toner of the present invention.
本発明のトナーは着色剤、その他の必要な添加剤は従来
から透光性トナーに使用されている量を使用し、混練、
粉砕法等で、通常、平均粒径が4〜25μmのトナーと
して調製される。The toner of the present invention uses the colorant and other necessary additives in the amounts conventionally used for translucent toners, kneads,
A toner having an average particle size of 4 to 25 μm is usually prepared by a pulverization method or the like.
本発明においては、トナーに対して、疎水性うリカと疎
水性酸化チタンあるいは疎水性酸化アルミニウムが外添
される。In the present invention, hydrophobic silica and hydrophobic titanium oxide or hydrophobic aluminum oxide are externally added to the toner.
本発明に使用するシリカは、通常トナーに添加されるも
の、即ち1次粒径で5−20m、usのもので、疎水化
処理されたものが使用される。例えば、疎水性シリカR
−972(1次粒径16mμ鳶:日本アエロジル社製)
、疏水性シリカR−974(1次粒径12+++μm二
日本アエロジル社製)、疎水性シリカR−976(1次
粒径711:日本アエロジル社製)等種々入手可能であ
る。シリカの添加によって、現像剤の流動性を改善する
とともに、トナー帯電量を高くすることができる。The silica used in the present invention is one that is usually added to toner, that is, one having a primary particle size of 5 to 20 m, and that has been subjected to hydrophobization treatment. For example, hydrophobic silica R
-972 (Primary particle size 16 mμ Tobi: manufactured by Nippon Aerosil Co., Ltd.)
, hydrophobic silica R-974 (primary particle size 12+++ μm, manufactured by Nippon Aerosil Co., Ltd.), hydrophobic silica R-976 (primary particle size 711, manufactured by Nippon Aerosil Co., Ltd.), and the like. By adding silica, the fluidity of the developer can be improved and the toner charge amount can be increased.
本発明においては、トナーに対して、0.1〜1、Ov
L%、好ましくは01−0.5vt%添加する。その量
がQ 、 l wt%より少ないと、シリカの添加効果
がなく、1.Qvt%を越えると、シリカの高い帯電レ
ベル、劣った耐環境性を改良することはできない。In the present invention, 0.1 to 1, Ov
Add L%, preferably 01-0.5vt%. If the amount is less than Q,l wt%, there will be no effect of adding silica, and 1. If Qvt% is exceeded, the high charging level and poor environmental resistance of silica cannot be improved.
本発明は従来から使用されているシリカに、疎水性酸化
チタンあるいは疎水性酸化アルミニウム粒子を加える。In the present invention, hydrophobic titanium oxide or hydrophobic aluminum oxide particles are added to the conventionally used silica.
その酸化チタン又は酸化アルミニウムの添加によって、
特に低粘度のポリエステル系トナーにおいて問題となる
トナー中へのシリカの埋め込みi″よる耐刷時の流動性
低下の問題、シリカ添加によって生じる帯電量が高くな
り過ぎる問題および環境安定性の問題を教養できる。By adding titanium oxide or aluminum oxide,
In particular, learn about the problem of low viscosity polyester toners, such as the problem of reduced fluidity during printing due to embedding of silica in the toner, the problem of excessively high charge amount caused by the addition of silica, and the problem of environmental stability. can.
酸化チタン又は酸化アルミニウムは、望まし2くは1次
粒径で、10〜20111μ粟と30〜60vμmにピ
ークを有するものを使用する。The titanium oxide or aluminum oxide preferably has a primary particle size of 10 to 20111 μm and a peak of 30 to 60 μm.
1次粒径としてlO〜20iμmにピークを有する酸化
チタンまたは酸化アルミニウム粒子(以下、単に「小粒
径粒子」という)を使用するのは、シリカの有する優れ
た流動性、画像に対するキメの細かさ等の長所を活かし
つつ、シリカの有する高い帯電レベルを抑制し、環境安
定性を向上させるためである。The reason for using titanium oxide or aluminum oxide particles (hereinafter simply referred to as "small particle size particles") having a peak primary particle size of 10 to 20 iμm is because of the excellent fluidity of silica and the fineness of the image texture. This is to suppress the high charging level of silica and improve environmental stability while taking advantage of the advantages of silica.
透光性カラートナーは、その透光性を確保するために、
通常の黒トナーに使用する結着樹脂に比べ、より分子量
の低い、従ってより柔らかい結着樹脂が使用されている
ので、シリカ、小粒径粒子のトナーへの埋まり込みの問
題がより顕著となる。Translucent color toner requires the following steps to ensure its translucency:
Compared to the binder resin used in regular black toner, a lower molecular weight and therefore softer binder resin is used, so the problem of embedding of silica and small particles in the toner becomes more pronounced. .
1次粒径として30〜60mpmにピークを有する酸化
チタンまたは酸化アルミニウム粒子(以下、単に「大粒
径粒子」という)を使用することによりシリカおよび小
粒径粒子がトナー粒子に埋まり込むことから有効に防止
し、流動性、帯電安定性を長期に渡って維持する。トナ
ーに添加される大粒径粒子および小粒径粒子の合計量は
、トナーに対して、0.2〜3.Qvt%、好ましくは
0.2〜2゜Ovt%である。Q 、 2vt%より少
ないと、それらの微粒子の添加の効果が得られず、3.
Qvt%より多いと、帯電レベルが低くなりすぎるとい
う問題が生じる。By using titanium oxide or aluminum oxide particles (hereinafter simply referred to as "large particle size particles") having a peak of 30 to 60 mpm as a primary particle size, silica and small particle size particles are embedded in the toner particles, which is effective. It prevents this from occurring and maintains fluidity and charging stability over a long period of time. The total amount of large particles and small particles added to the toner is 0.2 to 3. Qvt%, preferably 0.2 to 2°Ovt%. Q. If the amount is less than 2vt%, the effect of adding these fine particles cannot be obtained, and 3.
If it is more than Qvt%, a problem arises in that the charging level becomes too low.
小粒径粒子と大粒径粒子の混合割合は、1:9〜IL好
ましくはl:4〜2:3とすることが望ましく、上述し
た混合割合のものを使用することによって、流動性、帯
電性、画像におけるキメの細かさ等の特性に優れ、かつ
、シリカあるいは小粒径粒子のトナーへの埋まり込み等
が有効に散着された現像剤とすることができる。It is desirable that the mixing ratio of small particle size particles and large particle size particles be 1:9 to IL, preferably 1:4 to 2:3, and by using the above-mentioned mixing ratio, fluidity and charging can be improved. It is possible to obtain a developer that has excellent properties such as hardness and fineness of image texture, and in which silica or small-sized particles are effectively dispersed from being embedded in the toner.
トナーに添加される酸化チタンあるいは酸化アルミニウ
ムは環境安定性の改良のために、疎水化処理されている
。Titanium oxide or aluminum oxide added to toner is hydrophobized to improve environmental stability.
疎水化剤としては、シラン系、チタネート系、アルミニ
ウム系、ジルコアルミネート系等の各種のカップリング
剤及びシリコーンオイル等が用いられる。シラン系では
クロロシラン、アルキルシラン、アルコキシシラン、シ
ラザン等を挙げることができる。具体的に例えば
・CH35iCI2s
・(c H3)l S ic (1!
・(CHs)3s+cff
・CHs S +(OCH3)!
・cH,5i(ocH,cH,)。As the hydrophobizing agent, various coupling agents such as silane type, titanate type, aluminum type, zircoaluminate type, silicone oil, etc. are used. Examples of silanes include chlorosilane, alkylsilane, alkoxysilane, and silazane. Specifically, for example, ・CH35iCI2s ・(c H3)l S ic (1! ・(CHs)3s+cff ・CHs S + (OCH3)! ・cH,5i(ocH,cH,).
・(CHs)sSi(OCHx)
・(CH3)2 S i(OCH3)2・(CHり2
S t(OCR2CH3)!・S L(OCHICHi
)a
・S i(OCHs)i
・CHs(H)Si(OCHs)z
・CHs(H)Sl(OCHsCHs)z・(CHx)
z(H)S i(OCHICHs)・(◎>2 S i
(OCHり!
・◎Si(○CHxc Hs)s
・(◎)25 i(OCHICHs)t・◎S i(O
CHs)s
・(◎)tsicI22
・(◎)zc HsS IcQ
・◎5jCff。・(CHs)sSi(OCHx) ・(CH3)2 Si(OCH3)2・(CHri2
S t(OCR2CH3)!・SL(OCHICHi
)a ・S i(OCHs)i ・CHs(H)Si(OCHs)z ・CHs(H)Sl(OCHsCHs)z・(CHx)
z(H)S i(OCHICHs)・(◎>2S i
(OCHri! ・◎Si(○CHxc Hs)s ・(◎)25 i(OCHICHs)t・◎S i(O
CHs)s ・(◎)tsicI22 ・(◎)zc HsS IcQ ・◎5jCff.
・(◎XCHs)S 1cQx
・(CHs)sSiNH5i(CHx)x・CHx(C
Hz)+ySi(CHsXOCHs)z・CHx(CH
x)+tSi(OCHs)s・CHs(CHz)lt
S i(OCxHs)s・CHx(CHs)sSi(C
Hs)tcI2・CHs(CHx)+ySi(CHx)
1(j)・CHs(CHJ+ y S i(CHs)C
(b・CHs(CHz’)lysrcQs
等を挙げることができる。・(◎XCHs)S 1cQx ・(CHs)sSiNH5i(CHx)x・CHx(C
Hz)+ySi(CHsXOCHs)z・CHx(CH
x)+tSi(OCHs)s・CHs(CHz)lt
Si(OCxHs)s・CHx(CHs)sSi(C
Hs)tcI2・CHs(CHx)+ySi(CHx)
1(j)・CHs(CHJ+ y Si(CHs)C
(b・CHs(CHz')lysrcQs, etc.).
チタネート系では例えば
OH
(CiH+y)−o→「T1・[P÷O−C、sHz+
)to H]z等を挙げることができる。For titanate series, for example, OH (CiH+y)-o → "T1・[P÷O-C, sHz+
) to H]z, etc.
シリコーンオイル系では、例えば 一般式[I]: 〔式中、R3は−Cs Hs OC2H40H。For silicone oil type, for example General formula [I]: [In the formula, R3 is -Cs Hs OC2H40H.
CH。CH.
−CsH,0C−C−CH2゜ 閣 CH,OH −C3H,OCH,−C−C,H,。-CsH,0C-C-CH2゜ Cabinet CH,OH -C3H, OCH, -C-C,H,.
CH!OH
を表わす]
一般式[■1:
〔式中、R2は−CH,、−Hを表わす〕一般式[■]
:
〔式中、R1は−CH,、−0CR3を表わす〕一般式
[■]ニ
一般式[■]:
N−R。CH! OH] General formula [■1: [In the formula, R2 represents -CH, -H] General formula [■]
: [In the formula, R1 represents -CH, -0CR3] General formula [■] d General formula [■]: NR.
〔式中、R4はアルキル基、R6、R,は水素、アルキ
ル基又は−R,−NH2(R,:アルキル基)、R,は
メチル基又はメ[・キシ基を表わす〕等を挙げることが
でき特に限定するものではない。[In the formula, R4 is an alkyl group, R6, R, is hydrogen, an alkyl group, or -R, -NH2 (R,: an alkyl group), R, is a methyl group or a me[xy group], etc. However, there is no particular limitation.
疎水化剤を用いてソリ力、酸化チタン等の無機微粉末の
表面を処理するには、次のような方法による。まず、疎
水化剤単独か又はテトラヒドロフラン(THF)、l−
ルエン、酢酸エチル、メチルエチルケトンあるいはアセ
ト・ン等の溶剤を用いて混合希釈し、無機微粉末をブレ
ンダー等で強制的に攪拌しつつ疎水化剤の希釈液を滴下
したりスプレーしたりして加え充分混合する。次に得ら
れた混合物をバット等に移してオーブンに入れ加熱し乾
燥させる。その後再びブレンダーにて攪拌し充分に解砕
する。このような方法において各々の疎水化剤は同時に
用いて処理してもよい。このような乾式法の他に無機微
粉末を疎水化剤を有機溶剤を溶かした溶液に浸漬し、乾
燥させ解砕するというような湿式による処理法もある。The following method is used to treat the surface of inorganic fine powder such as titanium oxide for warping force using a hydrophobizing agent. First, a hydrophobizing agent alone or tetrahydrofuran (THF), l-
Mix and dilute the inorganic fine powder with a solvent such as toluene, ethyl acetate, methyl ethyl ketone, or acetate, add the diluted solution of the hydrophobizing agent dropwise or by spraying, and add thoroughly while stirring the inorganic fine powder with a blender or the like. Mix. Next, the obtained mixture is transferred to a vat or the like and placed in an oven to heat and dry. Thereafter, the mixture is stirred again using a blender to thoroughly crush the mixture. In such a method, each hydrophobizing agent may be used simultaneously. In addition to such a dry method, there is also a wet method in which fine inorganic powder is immersed in a solution containing a hydrophobizing agent and an organic solvent, dried, and crushed.
また、無機微粉末は、上記疎水化処理を施す前に、10
0℃以上で加熱処理した方が望ましい。In addition, the inorganic fine powder was treated with 10
It is preferable to perform heat treatment at 0°C or higher.
本発明において、キャリアとしては磁性材料からなる芯
材を、ヒドロキシル基を有するスチレン−アクリル樹脂
とメラミン樹脂とを架橋した被覆層形成用樹脂で被覆し
たものを使用する。In the present invention, the carrier used is one in which a core material made of a magnetic material is coated with a resin for forming a coating layer, which is a crosslinked combination of a styrene-acrylic resin having a hydroxyl group and a melamine resin.
この被覆層形成用樹脂は、上述したポリエステル系トナ
ーl二対して優れた摩擦帯電特性を有するものである。This coating layer-forming resin has superior triboelectric charging properties to the above-mentioned polyester toner.
キャリアの被覆樹脂量は、キャリアに対して2゜7〜3
.5wt%であることが望ましい。2.7wt%より少
ないと芯材表面を完全に被覆することが困1!lこなり
キャリアの抵抗が低下するためキャリア現像が生じ易く
なる。磁性材料は通常黒色であるためフルカラー画像形
成方法においてギヤリアが画像部に付着すると画像ノイ
ズとして問題になる。The amount of resin coated on the carrier is 2°7 to 3° relative to the carrier.
.. The content is preferably 5 wt%. If it is less than 2.7wt%, it will be difficult to completely cover the surface of the core material! Since the resistance of the carrier decreases, carrier development becomes more likely to occur. Since the magnetic material is usually black in color, in a full-color image forming method, if the gearia adheres to the image area, it will cause a problem as image noise.
また、3.5vt%より多いと、被覆層形成時にキャリ
ア同士がブロンキングし易くなる。Moreover, if it is more than 3.5 vt%, carriers tend to bronck with each other when forming a coating layer.
また、本発明のキャリアにおいては、180℃で2時間
加熱したときの重量減少が被覆樹脂に対して7vt%以
下であることが望ましい。7vt%より多いと、被覆樹
脂中に含まれる未架橋成分、溶剤、触媒等の影響で長期
保存時のブロッキングの発生、スペントトナーの発生、
および帯電特性が不安定になる等の問題が生じ易いゎ特
に、現像バイアスに交流成分を重畳した現像法において
は、現像領域での振動現象によってスベントト・ナーの
発生が顕著になる。Further, in the carrier of the present invention, it is desirable that the weight loss when heated at 180° C. for 2 hours is 7vt% or less based on the coating resin. If the amount is more than 7vt%, blocking occurs during long-term storage due to the effects of uncrosslinked components, solvents, catalysts, etc. contained in the coating resin, and the generation of spent toner.
In particular, in a developing method in which an alternating current component is superimposed on the developing bias, the generation of svent toner becomes noticeable due to the vibration phenomenon in the developing area.
本発明のキャリアにおいては、被覆層の熱分解ピーク温
度を275℃以上であることが望ましい。In the carrier of the present invention, it is desirable that the thermal decomposition peak temperature of the coating layer is 275°C or higher.
熱分解ピーク温度を275°Cとすることによって、キ
ャリアの耐熱性が著しく向上する。By setting the thermal decomposition peak temperature to 275°C, the heat resistance of the carrier is significantly improved.
芯材としては平均粒径が40〜60μmのものを用いる
ことが望ましい。60μmより大きいと画像のガサつき
、磁気ブラシによるハケ筋が生じ、画質が損なわれる。It is desirable to use a core material having an average particle size of 40 to 60 μm. If it is larger than 60 μm, the image becomes rough and brush lines caused by the magnetic brush occur, resulting in a loss of image quality.
40μmより小さいと、キャリア付着が生]2易くなる
。芯材に用いられる磁性材料としては公知のもの、例え
ばフェライト、マグネタイト、鉄、ニッケル、フバルト
等の金属、これらの金属と亜鉛、アンチモン、アルミニ
ウム、船、スズ、ビスマス、ベリリウム、マンガン、セ
レン、タングステン、ジルコニウム、バナジウム等の金
属との合金あるいは混合物、酸化鉄、酸化チタン、酸化
マグ不ンウム等の金属酸化物、窒化クロム、窒化バナジ
ウム等の窒化物、炭化ケイ素、炭化タングステン等の炭
化物との混合物および強靭性フェライト、ならびl二こ
れらの混合物等を適用することができる。When the diameter is smaller than 40 μm, carrier adhesion is likely to occur. The magnetic materials used for the core material are known, such as metals such as ferrite, magnetite, iron, nickel, and fuvardite, and these metals together with zinc, antimony, aluminum, tin, bismuth, beryllium, manganese, selenium, and tungsten. , alloys or mixtures with metals such as zirconium and vanadium, metal oxides such as iron oxide, titanium oxide and magunium oxide, nitrides such as chromium nitride and vanadium nitride, and mixtures with carbides such as silicon carbide and tungsten carbide. and tough ferrite, as well as mixtures thereof, etc. can be applied.
本発明の!電潜像現像方法J:適用する現像剤は、上記
で得られたトナーとギヤリアを所定量混合して調製され
る。その量は、現像剤に対してトナーが3〜・l0wt
%であり、従来から使用されてきた混合割合と特に異な
らしめる必要はない。The invention! Electrolatent image developing method J: The developer to be applied is prepared by mixing a predetermined amount of the toner obtained above and gearia. The amount is 3 to 10wt of toner to developer.
%, and there is no need to make it particularly different from the mixing ratio that has been used conventionally.
第1図に本発明に係る静電潜像現像方法に使用するため
の現像装置の一例を示す。FIG. 1 shows an example of a developing device for use in the electrostatic latent image developing method according to the present invention.
第1図において(12)は現像装置、(11)は感光体
ドラムであり、現像装置(12)中において(13)は
現像剤担持体、(14)は磁石体、(16)はパケット
ローラー、(17)はスパイラルスクリュー、(18)
はトナーホッパー、(19)は層厚規制ブl/−ド、(
D)は現像剤、(T)はトナーをあられず。In FIG. 1, (12) is a developing device, (11) is a photosensitive drum, in the developing device (12), (13) is a developer carrier, (14) is a magnet, and (16) is a packet roller. , (17) is a spiral screw, (18)
is a toner hopper, (19) is a layer thickness regulation blade, (
D) is the developer, and (T) is the toner.
上記構成の現像装置!二おいて、現像バイアスとして直
流成分(15b)に交流、成分(15a)を重畳したバ
イアス電圧が現像剤搬送部材(13)に印加される。現
像装置(12)中の現像剤(D)は、図中の矢印の方向
Iこ回転しているスパイラルスクリュー(17)および
バケントローラー(J6)により混合ff拌される。混
合撹拌さhた現像剤は現像剤担持体(13)上に供給さ
れ、現像剤担持体(13)の回転!こより、矢印方向に
搬送され、層厚規制ブ]、・−ド(]9)により一定の
層厚に規制され現像領域(B)に達し、感光体(11)
表面上の静電潜像を現像する。Developing device with the above configuration! In step 2, a bias voltage in which an alternating current component (15a) is superimposed on a direct current component (15b) is applied to the developer conveying member (13) as a developing bias. The developer (D) in the developing device (12) is mixed and stirred by a spiral screw (17) and a bagent roller (J6) rotating in the direction of the arrow in the figure. The mixed and agitated developer is supplied onto the developer carrier (13), and the developer carrier (13) rotates! From this, the photoreceptor (11) is transported in the direction of the arrow, and is regulated to a constant layer thickness by the layer thickness regulating plates (9), and reaches the developing area (B).
Developing the electrostatic latent image on the surface.
現像領域(B)においてトナー飛散、トナーこほれ等が
生じやすいが、本発明の現像方法により、前記した現像
剤を使用することにより、トナー帯電の立ち上がり性に
優れ、十分かつ適正なトヅーへの帯電付与か効果的に行
なわれ、またトナー凝集も生じないのて、トナー飛散、
トナーこほれ、トナーかぶり等が抑制される。また、現
像領域(B)における振動現象に基づくスペントトナー
の発生も防止することができる。Toner scattering, toner cracking, etc. are likely to occur in the development area (B), but by using the above-mentioned developer according to the development method of the present invention, toner charging is excellent in rising properties, and sufficient and proper tozu is formed. Since charging is carried out effectively and toner aggregation does not occur, toner scattering and
Toner cracking, toner fogging, etc. are suppressed. Furthermore, it is also possible to prevent the generation of spent toner due to vibration phenomena in the development area (B).
以下、本発明を笑施例を用いて説明する。Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained using examples.
チタン製造例1
1次粒径50117711の二酸化チタン(MT600
B;テイ力社製)と1大粒径l 5taptnの二酸化
チタ、ン(MT150A、テイ力社製)を7(MT60
0B):3(MTl 50A)の割合で混合した。この
混合物100重量部を、下記構造式[l]:(n= 3
0〜50)
をしたシリコンオイル5重量部をキシレン50重量部で
名訳した溶液でスプレー塗布した。乾燥後、得られた二
酸化チタンを150℃1時間加熱処理し、疎水化処理さ
れた二酸化チタンAを得た。Titanium production example 1 Titanium dioxide (MT600) with a primary particle size of 50117711
B; Titanium dioxide (MT150A, manufactured by Teiriki) with a large particle diameter of 15 taptn (MT60)
0B):3 (MTl 50A). 100 parts by weight of this mixture was mixed with the following structural formula [l]: (n=3
A solution of 5 parts by weight of silicone oil (0-50) and 50 parts by weight of xylene was spray coated. After drying, the obtained titanium dioxide was heat-treated at 150° C. for 1 hour to obtain hydrophobized titanium dioxide A.
チタン製造例2
1次粒径50mμ菖の二酸化チタン(MT600B:テ
イ力社製)をチタンの製造例1に同様な処理を行ない、
疎水化処理された二酸化チタンBを得た。Titanium Production Example 2 Titanium dioxide (MT600B: manufactured by Teirikisha) with a primary particle size of 50 mμ was subjected to the same treatment as in Titanium Production Example 1.
Hydrophobized titanium dioxide B was obtained.
カラートナーの製造例1
ポリオキシエチレン(2)−2,2−ビス(4−ヒドロ
キノフェニル)プロパン68重量部、イソフタル酸16
1i量部、テレフタル酸16重量部、無水マレイン酸0
,3重量部、ジブチル錫オキシド0.06Ii量部をフ
ラスコに仕込み、窒素雰囲気下で230℃で24時間反
応を続けて取り出し5、不飽和ポリエステルを含有する
ポリエステル樹脂を得た。Production Example 1 of Color Toner 68 parts by weight of polyoxyethylene(2)-2,2-bis(4-hydroquinophenyl)propane, 16 parts by weight of isophthalic acid
1i parts by weight, terephthalic acid 16 parts by weight, maleic anhydride 0
, 3 parts by weight of dibutyltin oxide and 0.06 Ii parts of dibutyltin oxide were charged into a flask, and the reaction was continued at 230° C. for 24 hours under a nitrogen atmosphere.
得られたポリエステル樹脂の重量平均分子量は10.6
00であった。The weight average molecular weight of the obtained polyester resin was 10.6
It was 00.
このポリエステル樹脂501!量部、キシレン50重量
部をフラスコに仕込み溶解した。キシし・ンが還流する
まで温度を上げ、キシレン還流下にスチレン13重量部
、メタクリル酸メチル2]It量%にアゾビスイソブチ
ロニトリル0.4重量部を溶解したものを窒素雰囲気下
約30分で滴下し、た。This polyester resin 501! 50 parts by weight of xylene were charged into a flask and dissolved. The temperature was raised until the xylene refluxed, and 13 parts by weight of styrene and 0.4 parts by weight of azobisisobutyronitrile dissolved in 2]It% methyl methacrylate were dissolved under nitrogen atmosphere under refluxing xylene. It was added dropwise in 30 minutes.
滴下後3時間保温し、キシレンを減圧蒸留した後機脂を
取り出し、重量平均分子量が13100.100℃にお
ける溶融粘度が6XlO’ボイズ、ガラス転移温度が6
3℃のバインダー樹脂を得た。After the dropwise addition, the temperature was kept for 3 hours, and the xylene was distilled under reduced pressure.
A binder resin at 3°C was obtained.
但し、溶融粘度は高滓製作所製フローテスターCFT−
500を用い、ノズル径law、ノズル長さl++m、
荷!30kg、昇温速度3℃/分の条件で測定した値で
ある。However, the melt viscosity is measured using a flow tester CFT- manufactured by Takashi Seisakusho.
500, nozzle diameter law, nozzle length l++m,
load! This value was measured under the conditions of 30 kg and a temperature increase rate of 3° C./min.
(1)イエロートナー
重量部
・上記で得られたスチレンアクリル 100変性ポリ
エステル樹脂
・有機顔料LionolYellowFG−1310:
15(東洋インキ製造社製)
・帯電制御剤 3(ボント
ロンE−84;オリエント化学社製)上記材料をヘンシ
ェルミキサーで十分混合し、二軸押出機で混練後、冷却
した。混合物を7エザーミルで粗粉砕し、その後ジェッ
ト粉砕機と風力分級sn用い、粒径5〜25μM(平均
粒径10゜5μm)の粒子を得た。(1) Parts by weight of yellow toner - Styrene acrylic 100 modified polyester resin obtained above - Organic pigment Lionol Yellow FG-1310:
15 (manufactured by Toyo Ink Mfg. Co., Ltd.) - Charge control agent 3 (Bontron E-84; manufactured by Orient Chemical Co., Ltd.) The above materials were thoroughly mixed in a Henschel mixer, kneaded in a twin-screw extruder, and then cooled. The mixture was coarsely pulverized using a 7-ether mill, and then a jet pulverizer and air classification sn were used to obtain particles with a particle size of 5 to 25 μM (average particle size 10°5 μm).
つぎに、チタンの製造例で得られた疎水化処理チタンA
1.0wt%と疎水性シリカ(H2000/4;ワラカ
ー社製)0.2wt%を上記イエロー粒子に添加し、ヘ
ンシェルミキサーで混合し、イエロートナー■を得た。Next, hydrophobized titanium A obtained in the titanium production example
1.0 wt % and 0.2 wt % of hydrophobic silica (H2000/4; manufactured by Waraker) were added to the yellow particles and mixed in a Henschel mixer to obtain yellow toner (2).
(ii)マゼンタトナー
顔料としてLronol Red 68 FG−
4213(東洋インキ製造社製)2.5重量部を用いた
以外は前記イエロートナーと同等にしてマゼンタトナー
■を製造した。(ii) Lronol Red 68 FG- as magenta toner pigment
Magenta toner (2) was prepared in the same manner as the yellow toner except that 2.5 parts by weight of Magenta 4213 (manufactured by Toyo Ink Manufacturing Co., Ltd.) was used.
(ni)シアントナー
顔料としてLionol Blue FG−735
0(東洋シンキ製造社製)2.5重量部を用いた以外は
前記イエロートナーと同等にしてシアントナー■を製造
した。(ni) Lionol Blue FG-735 as cyan toner pigment
A cyan toner (2) was prepared in the same manner as the yellow toner except that 2.5 parts by weight of C. 0 (manufactured by Toyo Shinki Seizo Co., Ltd.) was used.
(Iv)ブラックトナー
顔料としてカーボンブラックMA#8(三菱化成社製)
2.5重量部を用いた以外は前記イエロートナーと同等
にしてブラックトナー■を製造した。(Iv) Carbon black MA#8 (manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation) as a black toner pigment
A black toner (2) was prepared in the same manner as the yellow toner except that 2.5 parts by weight was used.
カラートナーの製造例2
上記カラートナーの製造例1において、疎水化処理チタ
ンAに代えて、疎水化処理チタンBを使用する以外は同
様にしてイエロートナー■、マゼンタトナー■、シアン
トナー■、ブラックトナー■を製造した。Production Example 2 of Color Toner 2 Yellow toner (■), magenta toner (■), cyan toner (■), and black were produced in the same manner as in Production Example 1 of color toner, except that hydrophobized titanium B was used instead of hydrophobized titanium A. Toner ■ was produced.
カラートナーの製造例3
カラートナーの製造例1において疎水化処理チタンAを
使用せず、疎水性シリカ(H2000/4;ワラカー社
製)0.5豐t%を使用する以外は同様にしてイエロー
トナー■、マゼンタトナー■、シアントナー■、ブラッ
クトナー■を製造した。Color toner production example 3 Yellow was produced in the same manner as in color toner production example 1 except that hydrophobically treated titanium A was not used and 0.5 t% of hydrophobic silica (H2000/4; manufactured by Waraker) was used. Toner ■, magenta toner ■, cyan toner ■, and black toner ■ were produced.
キャリアの製造例1
スチレン、メチルメタクリレート、2−ヒドロキンエチ
ルアクリレート、メタクリル酸からなるスチレン−アク
リル系共重合体(1,5ニア:1.0:0.5)80重
量部をブチル化メラミン樹#20重量部をトルエンで希
釈し、固形比2%のスチレンアクリル樹脂溶液を調合し
た。Carrier Production Example 1 80 parts by weight of a styrene-acrylic copolymer (1,5:1.0:0.5) consisting of styrene, methyl methacrylate, 2-hydroquine ethyl acrylate, and methacrylic acid was added to a butylated melamine resin. #20 parts by weight were diluted with toluene to prepare a styrene acrylic resin solution with a solids ratio of 2%.
芯材として焼成フェライト粉(F−300;平均粒径:
50 s was嵩密度: 2 、53 g/cm’
;パウダーチック社製)を用い、上記スチレンアクリル
樹脂溶液をスビラーコータ−(開田精工社製)により塗
布し、乾燥した。得られたキャリアを熱風循環式オーブ
ン中にて140℃で2時間放置して焼成した。冷却後フ
ェライト粉バルクを目開き210μmと90μmのスク
リーンメツシュを取り付けたフルイ振盪器を用いて解砕
し、樹脂コートされた7エライト粉とした。この7エラ
イト粉に対し、上記塗布焼成、解砕をさらに3回綴り返
した。Calcined ferrite powder (F-300; average particle size:
50 s was bulk density: 2,53 g/cm'
The styrene acrylic resin solution was applied using a Subirer coater (manufactured by Kaida Seiko Co., Ltd.) and dried. The obtained carrier was baked at 140° C. for 2 hours in a hot air circulation oven. After cooling, the bulk ferrite powder was crushed using a sieve shaker equipped with screen meshes with openings of 210 μm and 90 μm to obtain resin-coated 7-elite powder. The coating, firing, and crushing steps described above were repeated three more times for this 7Elite powder.
得られたフェライト粉を上記オーブン中にて170℃で
3時間焼成しt;。冷却後、フェライトバルクを上記と
同様に解砕し、樹脂被覆キャリア得た。このキャリアを
キャリア■とする。The obtained ferrite powder was baked in the above oven at 170°C for 3 hours. After cooling, the ferrite bulk was crushed in the same manner as above to obtain a resin-coated carrier. Let this carrier be carrier ■.
キャリア■の平均粒径は52μm1キヤリアの重量減少
(H)は3.7%、被覆樹脂量(Re)は2゜95%、
熱分解ピーク温度は295℃、電気抵抗は約4X10’
°Ωcmであった。The average particle size of carrier ■ is 52 μm, the weight reduction (H) of one carrier is 3.7%, the amount of coating resin (Re) is 2°95%,
Thermal decomposition peak temperature is 295℃, electrical resistance is approximately 4X10'
It was °Ωcm.
キャリアの重量減少(H(%))は、加熱前の樹脂被覆
量(Re(%))およびキャリア強加熱後の樹脂被覆量
(Re’(%))から下記式;
Re−Rc″
H−−X 100 (%)
Re
により求めた。The weight loss (H (%)) of the carrier is determined by the following formula from the resin coating amount before heating (Re (%)) and the resin coating amount after carrier strong heating (Re'(%));Re-Rc'' H- -X 100 (%) Re .
ただし、Reは以下のようにして求める。However, Re is determined as follows.
加熱前の樹脂被覆キャリア約5gを、あらかじめWo(
g)を精秤した10eeの磁性ルツボに入れ、全体の重
量Vl’+(g)を精秤する。このルツボをマツフル炉
に入れ、毎分15度のスピードで900℃まで昇温し、
900℃に保っt;状態で3時間放置し、被覆樹脂を燃
焼させ、その後、常温まで放冷する。常温に達した後、
直ちにキャリアの入ったルツボの重量Wz(9)を精秤
する。被覆樹脂量(Rc)は下記式で求められる。Approximately 5 g of the resin-coated carrier before heating was heated in Wo (
g) is placed in a precisely weighed 10ee magnetic crucible, and the total weight Vl'+(g) is precisely weighed. This crucible was placed in a Matsufuru furnace and heated to 900°C at a rate of 15°C per minute.
It was kept at 900°C for 3 hours to burn the coating resin, and then allowed to cool to room temperature. After reaching room temperature,
Immediately, accurately weigh the weight Wz (9) of the crucible containing the carrier. The amount of coated resin (Rc) is determined by the following formula.
W!−W。W! -W.
Re’は次のようにして求められる。Re' is obtained as follows.
樹脂被覆キャリア約5gをあらかじめ重量We(g)を
精秤しF−10ccの磁性ルツボに入れ、全体の重量W
+(g)を精秤する。このルツボを180℃に保つた状
態で2時間放置し、その後、常温まで放冷する。常温に
達した後、直ちにキャリアの入ったルツボの重量Wz’
(g)を精秤する。#!いて、ルツボをマツフル炉に入
れ、毎分15度のスピードで900℃まで昇温し、90
0℃に保っt;状態で3時間放置し、被覆樹脂を燃焼さ
せ、その後、常温まで放冷する。常温に達した後、直ち
にキャリアの入ったルツボの重量WtCg)を積杆する
。被覆樹脂(Re’)を下記式により求める。Precisely weigh the weight We (g) of approximately 5 g of the resin-coated carrier and place it in an F-10 cc magnetic crucible to determine the total weight W.
Precisely weigh +(g). This crucible was kept at 180° C. for 2 hours, and then allowed to cool to room temperature. Immediately after reaching room temperature, the weight of the crucible containing the carrier Wz'
Weigh (g) accurately. #! The crucible was then placed in a Matsufuru furnace and heated to 900°C at a rate of 15°C per minute.
It was kept at 0°C for 3 hours to burn the coating resin, and then allowed to cool to room temperature. Immediately after reaching room temperature, the weight of the crucible containing the carrier (WtCg) is loaded. The coating resin (Re') is determined by the following formula.
W、W。W, W.
キャリア粒径の測定法はマイクロトラ・/り社のレーザ
ー回折式粒度分布測定機を使って測定した。The carrier particle size was measured using a laser diffraction particle size distribution analyzer manufactured by Microtra/Li.
キャリア嵩密度の測定法は蔵持科学器械製作所製嵩密度
測定器を用いてJIS 22504に従って測定した
。The bulk density of the carrier was measured in accordance with JIS 22504 using a bulk density measuring device manufactured by Kuramochi Scientific Instruments Manufacturing Co., Ltd.
熱分解ピーク温度は熱分析機(セイコー電子社製、5S
S−5000)j:よるDSC曲線から求めた。The thermal decomposition peak temperature was measured using a thermal analyzer (manufactured by Seiko Electronics Co., Ltd., 5S).
S-5000)j: Determined from the DSC curve according to.
アクリル樹脂(ラスドラゾールA−405;大日本イン
キ化学工業社製)80重量部とブチル化メラミン樹脂2
0重量部とからなる樹脂溶液を使用し、キャリアの製造
例1と同様にして、スピラコーターでフェライト粉1:
@布し、乾燥後150でで2時間焼成した。冷却後、フ
ェライト粉バルクを5i!施例1と同様に解砕し、アク
リル樹脂被覆フエ・ ライト粒子を得た。上記、塗布、
焼成、解砕をさらに2回繰返し樹脂被覆キャリアを得た
。このキャリアをキャリア■とする。80 parts by weight of acrylic resin (Lasdrazole A-405; manufactured by Dainippon Ink & Chemicals) and 2 parts of butylated melamine resin
Using a resin solution consisting of 0 parts by weight, ferrite powder 1:
After drying, it was baked at 150℃ for 2 hours. After cooling, the ferrite powder bulk is heated to 5i! It was crushed in the same manner as in Example 1 to obtain acrylic resin-coated ferrite particles. Above, coating,
Firing and crushing were repeated two more times to obtain a resin-coated carrier. Let this carrier be carrier ■.
得られたフェライト粉を実施例1と同様にして170℃
1時間焼成し、樹脂被覆キャリアを得た。The obtained ferrite powder was heated to 170°C in the same manner as in Example 1.
It was baked for 1 hour to obtain a resin-coated carrier.
得られたキャリアをキャリア■とする。Let the obtained carrier be carrier ■.
キャリア■の平均粒径は54μ腹、キャリアの重量減少
は9.0%、被覆樹脂量(Re)は3.13%、熱分解
ピーク温度は225℃、電気抵抗は約2xJ□t@Ω’
Cl11であった。The average particle size of the carrier ■ is 54μ, the weight reduction of the carrier is 9.0%, the amount of coated resin (Re) is 3.13%, the thermal decomposition peak temperature is 225℃, and the electrical resistance is approximately 2xJ□t@Ω'
It was Cl11.
実施例1
ここでカラートナーの製造例1で得られたイエロートナ
ー■、マゼンタトナー■、シアントナー■、ブラックト
ナー068重量部に対してアクリル樹脂被覆ギヤ9フ■
92重量部を混合し、現像剤とした。この現像剤の構成
を表1にまとめた。Example 1 Here, 9 parts by weight of the acrylic resin coated gear were added to 068 parts by weight of the yellow toner, magenta toner, cyan toner, and black toner obtained in Color Toner Production Example 1.
92 parts by weight were mixed to prepare a developer. The composition of this developer is summarized in Table 1.
この現像剤をEP570(ミノルタカメラ社製)をオイ
ル塗布定■に改良し、現像バイアスとして印加する直流
成分として200V、交流成分として、周波数(f)が
2500Hz、ピーク・トウ・ピーク(peak t
o peak)電圧(Vp−p)が500vで、かつ
周波数(f)とピーク・トウ・ピーク電圧(Vp−p)
が、式[1
%式%]
の関係を満たす範囲で重畳して複写機を使用し、下記項
目について画像評価した。各評価においては、4色の現
像剤について得られた評価の平均で示した。得られた結
果を表2に示した。This developer was modified to EP570 (manufactured by Minolta Camera Co., Ltd.) with an oil coating constant, and the DC component applied as a developing bias was 200 V, the AC component had a frequency (f) of 2500 Hz, and peak-to-peak (peak t).
o peak) voltage (Vp-p) is 500v, and frequency (f) and peak-to-peak voltage (Vp-p)
were superimposed within a range that satisfied the relationship of the formula [1% formula %] using a copying machine, and the images were evaluated for the following items. In each evaluation, the average of the evaluations obtained for the four color developers was shown. The results obtained are shown in Table 2.
・帯電量 ブローオフ法によっt;(トナー濃度8重量%)。・Charge amount by blow-off method (toner concentration 8% by weight).
・画像上のかぶり
前記した通り各種トナー及びキャリアの組み合せにおい
て、上記複写機を用いて画出しを行った。- Fog on images As described above, images were printed using the above-mentioned copying machine using various toner and carrier combinations.
画像上のかふりについては、白地画像上のトナーかぶり
を評価し、ランクイづけを行った。ムランク以上で実用
上使用可能であるが、0以上が望まし5い。Regarding fog on images, toner fog on white background images was evaluated and ranked. A value of 0 or more is desirable for practical use, but a value of 0 or more is preferable.
・画像上のキメ
前記した通り各I!)ナー及びキャリアの組み合せにお
いて、上記複写機を用いて画出しを行った。・As mentioned above, the texture on the image is each I! ) Image printing was carried out using the above-mentioned copying machine using the combination of a dyer and a carrier.
画像上のキメについては、ハーフ画像上のキメを評価し
、ランク付けを行った。6972以上で実用上使用可能
であるが、0以上が望ましい。Regarding the texture on the image, the texture on the half image was evaluated and ranked. A value of 6972 or more is practically usable, but a value of 0 or more is desirable.
・画像濃度(1,D、)
上記と同様の条件で適性露光条件下でコピーし、1、D
、の評価を行った。ベタ部の画像濃度をサクラ温度計に
より測定してランク付けを行った。6972以上で実用
上使用可能であるが0以上が望ましい。・Image density (1, D,) Copy under the same conditions as above and under appropriate exposure conditions, and print 1, D.
, was evaluated. The image density of the solid area was measured using a Sakura thermometer and ranked. A value of 6972 or more is practically usable, but a value of 0 or more is desirable.
・スペントトナー量
5000&複写後のスペントトナー量を測定した。スペ
ントトナ−
ブローオフ法によって現像剤をトナーとキャリアに分離
し、単離したキャリア約1.OOgをエタノール20m
Qに2時間浸漬1,た後、濾過して濾液の500nmに
おける吸光度を分光光度計で測定する。- Spent toner amount 5000 & amount of spent toner after copying was measured. Spent Toner - The developer is separated into toner and carrier by the blow-off method, and the isolated carrier is approximately 1. OOg to ethanol 20m
After soaking in Q for 2 hours, it is filtered and the absorbance of the filtrate at 500 nm is measured using a spectrophotometer.
これとは別にトナー中の染料成分について検量線を得て
おき、先の500vmでの吸光度から、溶出したトナー
中の染料の量を算出する。この値とトナーに含まれる染
料の割合とからキャリアに固着したトナーの量としてス
ペントトナー量(n+g/キャリアIg)を求める。Separately, a calibration curve is obtained for the dye component in the toner, and the amount of eluted dye in the toner is calculated from the absorbance at 500 vm. From this value and the proportion of dye contained in the toner, the amount of spent toner (n+g/carrier Ig) is determined as the amount of toner fixed on the carrier.
・帯電の環境変動
現像剤を10℃、15%の環境下で24時間保管後の帯
電量(QLL)および、30℃、85%の環箋下で24
時間保管後の帯電量(QHH)を求め、その差ΔQ;
ΔQーQLLーQHI((μC/g)
を求め、以下のごとくランク付を行なうことにより、帯
電の環境変動を評価した。Xは環境変動が大きく実用不
可であることを、Δ以上で実用上使用可能であるが、0
以上が望ましいことを示す。・Environmental change in charging The amount of charge (QLL) after storing the developer for 24 hours at 10°C and 15% and 24 hours at 30°C and 85%
The amount of charge (QHH) after time storage was determined, and the difference ΔQ; ΔQ-QLL-QHI ((μC/g)) was determined, and the environmental changes in charging were evaluated by ranking them as follows.X is It can be practically used at Δ or more, but 0
This indicates that the above is desirable.
実施例2
カラートナーの製造例2で得られたイエロートナー■、
アゼンタトナー■、シアントナー■、ブラックトナー■
を使用した以外実施例1と同様にして現像剤1調製し評
価した。Example 2 Yellow toner obtained in Color Toner Production Example 2,
Azenta toner■, cyan toner■, black toner■
Developer 1 was prepared and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the developer was used.
結果を表1および表2にまとめt:。The results are summarized in Tables 1 and 2.
比較例1
カラートナーの製造例2で得られたイエロー[・ナー■
、マゼンタトナー■、シアントナー■、ブラックトナー
■を使用し、キャリアとして、キャリアの製造例2で得
られたキャリア■を使用した以外実施例1と同様にして
現像剤を調製し評価しt二。Comparative Example 1 Yellow color toner obtained in Color Toner Production Example 2
, magenta toner ■, cyan toner ■, and black toner ■, and a developer was prepared and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1 except that carrier ■ obtained in Carrier Production Example 2 was used as the carrier. .
結果を表1および表2にまとめる。The results are summarized in Tables 1 and 2.
比較例2
カラートナーの製造例2で得られたイエロートナー■、
マゼンタトナー■、シアントナー■、ブラックトナー■
を使用し、キャリアとして、キャリアの製造例2で得ら
れたキャリア■を使用し複写機を交流バイアス電圧を印
加せずに使用した以外実施例1と同様にして現像剤を調
製し評価した。Comparative Example 2 Yellow toner obtained in Color Toner Production Example 2,
Magenta toner■, cyan toner■, black toner■
A developer was prepared and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1, except that Carrier (1) obtained in Carrier Production Example 2 was used as the carrier and the copying machine was used without applying an AC bias voltage.
結果を表1および表2にまとめた。The results are summarized in Tables 1 and 2.
比較例3
カラートナーの製造例3で得られたイエロートナー■、
マゼンタトナー■、シアントナー■、ブラックトナー■
を使用し、キャリアとして、キャリアの製造例2で得ら
れたキャリア■を使用した以外実施例1と同様にして現
像剤を調製し評価した。Comparative Example 3 Yellow toner obtained in Color Toner Production Example 3,
Magenta toner■, cyan toner■, black toner■
A developer was prepared and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1, except that Carrier (2) obtained in Carrier Production Example 2 was used as the carrier.
結果を表1および表2にまとめた。The results are summarized in Tables 1 and 2.
発明の麹米
本発明の現像方法に従うと、フルカラー用トナーを使用
し、キメ、階調性等の画質に優れた画像を得ることがで
き、[・ナーかふり、トナースペント化現象が問題とな
らない。Koji rice of the invention By following the developing method of the present invention, it is possible to obtain images with excellent image quality in terms of texture, gradation, etc. using full-color toner, and there are no problems with toner bloating or toner spent phenomena. No.
第1図は、本発明の静電潜像現像方法を夾施するための
装置例の概略構成を示した図である。
特許出願人 ミノルタカメラ株式会社
代 理 人 弁理士 青白 葆(ほか1名)第1図FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of an example of an apparatus for applying the electrostatic latent image developing method of the present invention. Patent applicant: Minolta Camera Co., Ltd. Agent: Patent attorney: Aohaku Ao (and 1 other person) Figure 1
Claims (1)
れた非磁性の現像剤担持部材上に、2500≦Mn≦1
2000、2≦Mw/Mn≦6、50℃≦Tg≦70℃
、80℃≦Tm≦120℃であるポリエステル系樹脂と
着色剤からなるトナーと、スチレン−アクリル共重合体
樹脂とメラミン樹脂とを架橋した熱硬化性樹脂で磁性芯
材料を被覆してなるキャリアと、疎水性シリカおよび疎
水性酸化チタンまたは疎水性酸化アルミニウムからなる
後処理剤とからなる現像剤を供給する工程:上記現像剤
を現像領域に搬送する工程: 現像領域において、周波数1000〜3500Hz、ピ
ーク・トウ・ピーク電圧が300〜2500Vの交流成
分と直流成分を重畳した現像バイアスの下で、静電潜像
担持体上に形成された静電潜像を現像する工程: からなる静電潜像現像方法。[Claims] 1. On a non-magnetic developer carrying member having a magnet inside and disposed opposite to the electrostatic latent image carrying member, 2500≦Mn≦1
2000, 2≦Mw/Mn≦6, 50℃≦Tg≦70℃
, a toner made of a polyester resin with a temperature of 80°C≦Tm≦120°C and a colorant, and a carrier made of a magnetic core material coated with a thermosetting resin crosslinked with a styrene-acrylic copolymer resin and a melamine resin. , a step of supplying a developer consisting of hydrophobic silica and a post-processing agent made of hydrophobic titanium oxide or hydrophobic aluminum oxide: a step of transporting the developer to a development area: in the development area, a frequency of 1000 to 3500 Hz, a peak - A step of developing an electrostatic latent image formed on an electrostatic latent image carrier under a developing bias in which an AC component and a DC component with a toe peak voltage of 300 to 2500 V are superimposed: An electrostatic latent image consisting of: Development method.
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2337542A JPH04204754A (en) | 1990-11-30 | 1990-11-30 | Method of developing electrostatic latent image |
US07/799,343 US5212039A (en) | 1990-11-30 | 1991-11-27 | Developing method of electrostatic latent images for full color image formation |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2337542A JPH04204754A (en) | 1990-11-30 | 1990-11-30 | Method of developing electrostatic latent image |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPH04204754A true JPH04204754A (en) | 1992-07-27 |
Family
ID=18309636
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2337542A Pending JPH04204754A (en) | 1990-11-30 | 1990-11-30 | Method of developing electrostatic latent image |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5212039A (en) |
JP (1) | JPH04204754A (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH0572819A (en) * | 1991-09-12 | 1993-03-26 | Fuji Xerox Co Ltd | Image forming device |
Families Citing this family (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5798198A (en) * | 1993-04-09 | 1998-08-25 | Powdertech Corporation | Non-stoichiometric lithium ferrite carrier |
US5504559A (en) * | 1993-08-30 | 1996-04-02 | Minolta Co., Ltd. | Method for image formation |
US5422216A (en) * | 1994-03-01 | 1995-06-06 | Steward | Developer composition and method of preparing the same |
US5827632A (en) * | 1994-12-05 | 1998-10-27 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Toner for developing electrostatic image containing hydrophobized inorganic fine powder |
DE69520654T2 (en) * | 1994-12-05 | 2001-09-06 | Canon K.K., Tokio/Tokyo | Toner for developing electrostatic images |
US5840458A (en) * | 1995-02-14 | 1998-11-24 | Minolta Co., Ltd. | Developer for developing an electrostatic latent image to which laminated titanium oxide is externally added |
JP3407526B2 (en) * | 1996-02-20 | 2003-05-19 | ミノルタ株式会社 | Black toner for developing electrostatic latent images |
US20090142688A1 (en) * | 2007-11-30 | 2009-06-04 | Xerox Corporation | Composition for coating carrier particles |
Family Cites Families (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4450220A (en) * | 1981-02-25 | 1984-05-22 | Konishiroku Photo Industry Co., Ltd. | Method of charging electrostatic developer |
JPS57197557A (en) * | 1981-05-29 | 1982-12-03 | Minolta Camera Co Ltd | Development method for electrostatic latent image |
GB2145942B (en) * | 1983-08-05 | 1987-03-18 | Konishiroku Photo Ind | Developing latent eletrostatic images |
JPS60136755A (en) * | 1983-12-26 | 1985-07-20 | Minolta Camera Co Ltd | Dry type developer for electrostatic latent image developing |
JP2684033B2 (en) * | 1986-03-11 | 1997-12-03 | コニカ株式会社 | Toner for developing electrostatic image and image forming method |
US4758493A (en) * | 1986-11-24 | 1988-07-19 | Xerox Corporation | Magnetic single component toner compositions |
JP2683624B2 (en) * | 1988-09-16 | 1997-12-03 | 三田工業株式会社 | Process unit |
JP2579198B2 (en) * | 1988-10-18 | 1997-02-05 | キヤノン株式会社 | Developer for electrostatic charge development |
-
1990
- 1990-11-30 JP JP2337542A patent/JPH04204754A/en active Pending
-
1991
- 1991-11-27 US US07/799,343 patent/US5212039A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH0572819A (en) * | 1991-09-12 | 1993-03-26 | Fuji Xerox Co Ltd | Image forming device |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US5212039A (en) | 1993-05-18 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US5272040A (en) | Toner for developing electrostatic latent images | |
JPH05127423A (en) | Toner for development of electrostatic latent image | |
JPH06202381A (en) | Developer for electrostatic latent image | |
JP3930873B2 (en) | Two-component developer and two-component developing apparatus using the same | |
US5219696A (en) | Toner for developing electrostatic latent image | |
JPH04204754A (en) | Method of developing electrostatic latent image | |
JPS60112052A (en) | Toner composition for electrophotographic developer | |
US5885742A (en) | Carrier for electrophotography, two-component type developer, and image forming method | |
JPH05341577A (en) | Toner for electrophotographic developing | |
US6982139B2 (en) | Electrophotographic color toner, and electrophotographic color developer, toner cartridge, image forming device and image forming method using the same | |
JP3038913B2 (en) | Toner for developing electrostatic images | |
JP5645785B2 (en) | Two-component color developer and image forming apparatus having the same | |
JP3061734B2 (en) | Positively chargeable toner and developer composition | |
JPH05127415A (en) | Toner for development of electrostatic latent image | |
JPH08248677A (en) | Full color developer and electrostatic latent image developing method | |
JP2006259026A (en) | Image forming method, and developer for replenishment | |
JP4391617B2 (en) | Toner for electrostatic charge development | |
JP2956247B2 (en) | Full-color toner for developing electrostatic images | |
JP3901914B2 (en) | Electrophotographic carrier, method for producing the same, and electrophotographic developer | |
JP4072986B2 (en) | Electrophotographic carrier and electrophotographic developer | |
JP2956679B2 (en) | Toner for developing electrostatic images | |
JPH04345169A (en) | Toner for developing electrostatic charge image | |
JP3954758B2 (en) | Electrophotographic toner additive, electrophotographic toner containing the same, and image forming method using the same | |
JP4341863B2 (en) | Toner for electrophotography using metal complex | |
JPH05323675A (en) | Magnetic material dispersion type carrier, two-component developer for electrostatic charge image development, and production of magnetic material dispersion type carrier |