JPH0419560Y2 - - Google Patents

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Publication number
JPH0419560Y2
JPH0419560Y2 JP1985044834U JP4483485U JPH0419560Y2 JP H0419560 Y2 JPH0419560 Y2 JP H0419560Y2 JP 1985044834 U JP1985044834 U JP 1985044834U JP 4483485 U JP4483485 U JP 4483485U JP H0419560 Y2 JPH0419560 Y2 JP H0419560Y2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
transfer paper
porous member
static eliminator
ozone
case
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
JP1985044834U
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPS61162874U (en
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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Priority to JP1985044834U priority Critical patent/JPH0419560Y2/ja
Publication of JPS61162874U publication Critical patent/JPS61162874U/ja
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JPH0419560Y2 publication Critical patent/JPH0419560Y2/ja
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Description

【考案の詳細な説明】 (産業上の利用分野) 本考案は、転写紙分離用除電装置に関するもの
で、より詳細には、電子写真装置において、紙詰
りの発生や複写物に黒スジの発生、オゾンによる
感光体の劣化等のトラブルなしに、感光体ドラム
から転写紙を静電的に分離するための除電装置に
関する。
[Detailed Description of the Invention] (Industrial Application Field) The present invention relates to a static eliminator for separating transfer paper, and more specifically, it is used in electrophotographic equipment to prevent paper jams and black lines from occurring on copies. , relates to a static eliminator for electrostatically separating transfer paper from a photoreceptor drum without problems such as deterioration of the photoreceptor due to ozone.

(従来の技術及び考案の技術的課題) 電子写真装置において感光体ドラム上のトナー
像を転写紙と接触させ、転写紙背面から電荷像と
同極性のコロナ帯電を行い、ドラム表面のトナー
像を転写紙上に転写する操作が行われている。こ
の静電的転写に際して、ドラム表面に転写紙が静
電的に付着し、これを静電的に分離するために、
交流コロナ除電による転写紙分離方式が広く使用
されている。
(Prior art and technical problems of the invention) In an electrophotographic device, a toner image on a photoreceptor drum is brought into contact with a transfer paper, and a corona charge with the same polarity as the charge image is applied from the back side of the transfer paper to change the toner image on the drum surface. An operation of transferring onto transfer paper is being performed. During this electrostatic transfer, the transfer paper is electrostatically attached to the drum surface, and in order to electrostatically separate it,
A transfer paper separation method using AC corona static elimination is widely used.

この方式によれば、転写用チヤージヤと並置関
係(サイド・バイ・サイド)で分離用チヤージヤ
を設け、転写用チヤージヤにより感光体ドラムか
らトナー像が転写された転写紙の背面から、分離
用チヤージヤにより交流コロナ除電を行い、転写
紙の静電的分離を行う。この際ドラムから分離さ
れた転写紙の先端部が除電装置のシールドケース
(チヤージヤケース)内の突入する場合があり、
紙詰りの原因となる。
According to this method, a separation charger is provided side by side with a transfer charger, and a toner image is transferred from a photoreceptor drum by the transfer charger to the back side of the transfer paper. Perform AC corona static elimination and electrostatic separation of the transfer paper. At this time, the leading edge of the transfer paper separated from the drum may enter the shield case (charger case) of the static eliminator.
This may cause a paper jam.

これを防止するため、公知の転写紙分離用除電
装置においては、シールドケースの開口部に、転
写紙進行方向に傾斜角度をなして且つ横方向に間
隔をおいて配置された細巾の多数の電気絶縁性ガ
イド(リブ)を設ける構成が採用されている。
In order to prevent this, in a known transfer paper separation static eliminator, a large number of narrow strips are arranged in the opening of the shield case at an inclination angle in the transfer paper advancing direction and at intervals in the lateral direction. A configuration in which electrically insulating guides (ribs) are provided is adopted.

しかしながら、公知の分離用除電装置において
は、感光体を比較的長期にわたつて使用し、特に
その感度等の電子写真学的特性が或る程度低下し
てきた場合に、共通して転写紙の長手方向に黒ス
ジが入るという欠点が認められる。
However, in known separation static eliminators, when the photoreceptor is used for a relatively long period of time and its electrophotographic characteristics such as sensitivity have deteriorated to some extent, it is common to The drawback is that black lines appear in the direction.

また、交流コロナ除電処理においてはオゾンが
必然的に発生し、このオゾンによる感光体層が著
しく劣化することが問題となつている。特に、高
速複写に適したアモルフアス・シリコン感光体で
は、感光体表面がオゾンと接触すると、所謂画像
流れ現象を発生し、感光体寿命が著しく短かくな
るという欠点がある。
Furthermore, ozone is inevitably generated in AC corona static elimination treatment, and this ozone causes significant deterioration of the photoreceptor layer, which poses a problem. In particular, amorphous silicon photoreceptors suitable for high-speed copying have the disadvantage that when the surface of the photoreceptor comes into contact with ozone, a so-called image blurring phenomenon occurs and the life of the photoreceptor is significantly shortened.

(考案の目的) 従つて、本考案の目的は、従来の転写紙分離用
除電装置における上記欠点が解消された除電装置
を提供するにある。
(Object of the invention) Therefore, an object of the invention is to provide a static eliminator which eliminates the above-mentioned drawbacks of conventional static eliminators for separating transfer paper.

本考案の他の目的は、転写紙の感光体ドラムか
らの静電的分離に際して、転写紙のチヤージヤケ
ースへの突入による紙詰りが有効に防止されると
共に、転写紙における黒スジの発生や感光体のオ
ゾンによる劣化が感光体の長期使用中にも抑制さ
れた転写紙分離用除電装置を提供するにある。
Another object of the present invention is to effectively prevent paper jams caused by the transfer paper entering the charger case when the transfer paper is electrostatically separated from the photoreceptor drum, and to prevent the occurrence of black streaks on the transfer paper. It is an object of the present invention to provide a static eliminator for separating transfer paper in which deterioration of a photoreceptor due to ozone is suppressed even during long-term use of the photoreceptor.

(考案の構成) 本発明によれば、感光体ドラムからトナー像が
転写された転写紙を感光体ドラムから静電的に分
離するための除電装置において、該除電装置は開
口部を有するシールドケースと該ケース内に配設
されたコロナワイヤーとを備え、該シールドケー
スの開口部には微細に区画された連通開口を有
し、且つオゾン分解剤を有する電気絶縁性多孔質
部材が全面にわたつて設けられていることを特徴
とする転写紙分離用除電装置が提供される。
(Structure of the invention) According to the present invention, there is provided a static eliminator for electrostatically separating a transfer paper onto which a toner image has been transferred from a photoreceptor drum, and the static eliminator includes a shield case having an opening. and a corona wire disposed inside the case, the opening of the shield case has finely divided communication openings, and an electrically insulating porous member containing an ozone decomposer covers the entire surface. A static eliminator for separating transfer paper is provided.

多孔質部材の開口は、一般に0.01乃至1mmの開
口径を有していれば、黒スジの発生を防止しつ
つ、確実な分離用除電と紙詰りの防止とが可能と
なる。更に、この多孔質部材を担体として、これ
にオゾン分解剤層を設けることにより、感光体表
面のオゾンによる劣化が効果的に防止される。
If the apertures of the porous member generally have an aperture diameter of 0.01 to 1 mm, it is possible to prevent the generation of black streaks, as well as ensure static electricity removal for separation and prevention of paper jams. Further, by using this porous member as a carrier and providing an ozone decomposing agent layer thereon, deterioration of the surface of the photoreceptor due to ozone can be effectively prevented.

(考案の特徴) 本考案者等は、従来の転写紙分離用除電装置を
用いた広範にわたる実験結果から、転写紙におけ
る黒スジの発生は、除電装置を開口部上方からみ
て、コロナワイヤーと電気絶縁性ガイドとが交叉
する位置と極めて良く一致するという意外な事実
を見出した。即ち、コロナ放電はシールドケース
の開口部において開口巾方向に比較的一様に行わ
れるので、電気絶縁性ガイドを転写紙進行方向に
対して傾斜させて設ければよいというのが従来の
技術思想であつた。しかしながら、本考案者等の
研究によると、交流コロナ放電の強さの分布は、
コロナワイヤーの上部において最も強く、シール
ドケース側に偏よるにつれて弱くなる傾向があ
り、コロナワイヤーがガイドで遮蔽された部分で
は、交流コロナの転写チヤージヤとは逆極性の成
分による除電効果が減少し、ドラム感光層の残留
電位が上昇し、そのため次回の複写に際して、こ
の残留電位上昇部分が濃く現像されて黒スジが発
生するものと認められた。
(Characteristics of the invention) Based on the results of extensive experiments using conventional static eliminators for separating transfer paper, the present inventors have determined that the generation of black streaks on transfer paper is caused by the corona wire and electric current when the static eliminator is viewed from above the opening. An unexpected fact was discovered that the position where the insulating guide intersects matches extremely well. In other words, since corona discharge occurs relatively uniformly in the opening width direction at the opening of the shield case, the conventional technical idea is that the electrically insulating guide should be provided at an angle with respect to the transfer paper traveling direction. It was hot. However, according to research by the present inventors, the distribution of the strength of AC corona discharge is
It is strongest at the top of the corona wire, and tends to weaken as it moves toward the shield case side. In the part where the corona wire is shielded by the guide, the static elimination effect due to the component with the opposite polarity to the transfer charge of the AC corona decreases. It was found that the residual potential of the photosensitive layer of the drum increased, and therefore, in the next copying, the areas where the residual potential increased were developed darkly, resulting in black streaks.

本考案は、シールドケース開口全面に、微細に
区画された連通開口を電気絶縁性多孔質部材を設
けると、これらの多数の開口による整流作用(流
れの分布を一様にする作用)により、前述した不
均質な除電が防止され、黒スジの発生なしに分離
用除電が行われると共に、開口周囲の網目構造が
複写紙先端のケース内への突入を防止し、該先端
をケース外に案内する部材として作用するという
知見に基づくものである。
In the present invention, by providing an electrically insulating porous member with finely divided communication openings on the entire surface of the opening of the shield case, the rectification effect (effect of making the flow distribution uniform) due to the large number of openings allows the above-mentioned problem to be achieved. In addition, the mesh structure around the opening prevents the leading edge of the copy paper from entering the case and guides the leading edge out of the case. This is based on the knowledge that it acts as a member.

また、この多孔質部材を担体とし、これにオゾ
ン分解剤の層を設けることにより、シールドケー
スから外方に流出しようとするオゾンが、オゾン
分解剤と密に接触し、オゾンの分解除去が効果的
に行われるものである。オゾン分解剤としては、
導電性の少ないオゾン分解剤、特に二酸化マンガ
ン、酸化鉛(PbO2)、γ−アルミナ等が有利に使
用される。オゾン分解剤は、多孔質部材の表面に
層として設けることが最も有効であるが、少なく
とも多孔質部材の外表面に露出して分散されてい
れば、この作用効果を奏することができる(本明
細書においては、このように多孔質部材表面にオ
ゾン分解剤粒子が点在するものも含めて、オゾン
分解剤層と呼ぶことがある)。
In addition, by using this porous material as a carrier and providing a layer of ozone decomposer on it, ozone that is about to flow out from the shield case comes into close contact with the ozone decomposer, effectively decomposing and removing ozone. This is done on a regular basis. As an ozone decomposer,
Ozonolytic agents with low conductivity are advantageously used, in particular manganese dioxide, lead oxide (PbO 2 ), γ-alumina and the like. It is most effective to provide the ozone decomposer as a layer on the surface of the porous member, but this effect can be achieved if the ozone decomposer is exposed and dispersed at least on the outer surface of the porous member (hereinafter referred to as (In this book, the porous member surface is sometimes referred to as an ozone decomposer layer, including the ozone decomposer particles scattered on the surface of the porous member.)

オゾン分解剤層を多孔質部材に設ける方法とし
てはこれに限定されないが、樹脂バインダー溶液
に分散した塗布液を、スプレー等により多孔質部
材に塗布する方法、多孔質部材に樹脂バインダー
のみを塗布し、これにオゾン分解剤をまぶして付
着させる方法、第6図に示すように、多孔質部材
を構成する樹脂にオゾン分解剤粒子を分散させた
材料から多孔質部材を形成する方法、また多孔質
部材をオゾン塗布液自体に浸漬させることによつ
ても容易に設けることができる。これら方法の中
でも多孔質部材に樹脂バインダーのみを塗布し、
これにオゾン分解剤をまぶして付着させる方法が
多孔質部材表面にオゾン分解層を有効に形成する
ことができる。
Methods for providing the ozone decomposer layer on the porous member include, but are not limited to, methods in which a coating liquid dispersed in a resin binder solution is applied to the porous member by spraying, etc., and a method in which only the resin binder is applied to the porous member. , a method of sprinkling and adhering an ozone decomposer to this, a method of forming a porous member from a material in which ozone decomposer particles are dispersed in a resin constituting the porous member, as shown in Figure 6; It can also be easily provided by immersing the member in the ozone coating liquid itself. Among these methods, only a resin binder is applied to the porous member,
An ozonolytic layer can be effectively formed on the surface of a porous member by sprinkling and adhering an ozonolytic agent thereon.

(実施例) 本考案は、その実施例について以下に詳細に説
明する。
(Embodiments) The present invention will be described in detail below with respect to its embodiments.

本考案の転写紙分離用除電装置を示す第1図及
び第2図において、この分離用除電装置1は、通
常転写用帯電装置2と一体に形成されており、シ
ールドケース3と、シールドケース内に配設され
たコロナワイヤー4とから成つている。このシー
ルドケース3の両端には電気絶縁性の支持具5
a,5bが設けられ、その一方にはプラグ等の電
源への接続部材6が設けられ、その他方にはコイ
ルスプリング等の張力部材7が設けられ、これら
の間でコロナワイヤー4は一定の張力下で架設さ
れている。
In FIGS. 1 and 2 showing the static eliminator for separating transfer paper of the present invention, the static eliminator 1 for separation is normally formed integrally with the charging device 2 for transfer, and is connected to a shield case 3 and a shield case inside the shield case. It consists of a corona wire 4 arranged at Electrically insulating supports 5 are provided at both ends of this shield case 3.
a, 5b, one of which is provided with a connecting member 6 to a power source such as a plug, and the other is provided with a tension member 7 such as a coil spring, and the corona wire 4 is held under a constant tension between them. It is constructed below.

シールドケース3は一方の面で開口しており、
この開口部8には、その全面に全体として9で示
す電気絶縁性多孔質部材9が設けられる。
The shield case 3 is open on one side,
This opening 8 is provided with an electrically insulating porous member 9 generally indicated by 9 on its entire surface.

図面に示すこの具体例においては、ケース3の
開口端縁に対応する枠部材10を有し、この枠部
材10の内方にはこれと一体に形成されたハニカ
ム壁11が設けられ、ハニカム壁11によつて微
細に区画された連通開口12が存在する。ケース
3の転写紙排出側端縁部13に対応する枠側に
は、ケースへの取付部14が設けられ、一方転写
紙導入側端縁部15に対応する枠側には、該端縁
部15への係止部16が設けられている。
This specific example shown in the drawings has a frame member 10 corresponding to the opening edge of the case 3, and a honeycomb wall 11 integrally formed with the frame member 10 is provided inside the frame member 10. There are communication openings 12 finely divided by 11. An attachment part 14 to the case is provided on the frame side of the case 3 corresponding to the transfer paper ejection side edge part 13, while an attachment part 14 to the case is provided on the frame side corresponding to the transfer paper introduction side edge part 15. A locking portion 16 to 15 is provided.

ワイヤー4の張替等の作業を容易に行い得るよ
うに、電気絶縁性多孔質部材9は着脱自在にケー
ス3に固定するのが望ましく、このために、第3
図に示す通り、ケース3に対して、突起挿入孔1
7とこれに連なる係合用溝18とを設け、一方取
付部14には係合用突起19を設け、突起19を
挿入孔17に挿入した後、両者をスライドさせる
ことにより、着脱自在に係合させるのがよい。
It is desirable that the electrically insulating porous member 9 is detachably fixed to the case 3 so that work such as re-stretching the wire 4 can be easily performed.
As shown in the figure, the protrusion insertion hole 1 is inserted into the case 3.
7 and an engagement groove 18 connected thereto, and on the other hand, an engagement protrusion 19 is provided on the attachment part 14, and after inserting the protrusion 19 into the insertion hole 17, the two are slid to engage removably. It is better.

電気絶縁性多孔質部材9を構成する材料は、ポ
リカーボネート、ポリエステル、アクリル樹脂、
オレフイン樹脂等の樹脂材料が好適であり、図面
に示す部材9は、例えば上記プラスチツクの射出
成形により容易に得られる。
The materials constituting the electrically insulating porous member 9 include polycarbonate, polyester, acrylic resin,
A resin material such as an olefin resin is suitable, and the member 9 shown in the drawings can be easily obtained, for example, by injection molding of the above-mentioned plastic.

既に述べた通り、多孔質部材9の微細に区画さ
れた多数の連通開口12はコロナ放電に対して、
その流れの分布を一様にするための整流作用を行
い、一方ハニカム壁11は分離された転写紙先端
のケース内への突入を防止し、該先端をケースの
排出側端縁外へ案内する作用を行う。開口径は前
述した範囲内にある場合に、両作用に関して満足
すべき結果が得られる。
As already mentioned, the large number of finely divided communication openings 12 of the porous member 9 prevents corona discharge from occurring.
The honeycomb wall 11 performs a rectifying action to make the distribution of the flow uniform, and on the other hand, the honeycomb wall 11 prevents the leading edge of the separated transfer paper from entering the case and guides the leading edge out of the discharge side edge of the case. perform an action. Satisfactory results are obtained with respect to both functions when the aperture diameter is within the above-mentioned range.

第1乃至第2図に示すハニカム構造体を用いる
代りに、第4図に示す通り、プラスチツクネツト
11aを枠部材10に固定して用いることがで
き、また、第5図に示す通り、連通開口を有す
る、プラスチツク、ガラス或いはセラミツクの連
通発泡体シート11bをやはり枠部材10に固定
して用いることができる。
Instead of using the honeycomb structure shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a plastic net 11a can be used fixed to the frame member 10 as shown in FIG. 4, and a communicating opening can be used as shown in FIG. An open-circuit foam sheet 11b of plastic, glass, or ceramic having the same structure can also be used fixed to the frame member 10.

本考案において、前述したハニカム壁11、プ
ラスチツクネツト11a或いは連通発泡体シート
11bとして、第6図に示す通り、構成樹脂20
中にオゾン分解剤粒子21を分散させ、この組成
物を用いて前記各形状に成形したものを用いるこ
ともできる。しかしながら、オゾン分解剤を有効
に作用させるには、第7図に示す通り、前述した
各多孔性部材9の表面に、結着剤樹脂媒質20a
中にオゾン分解剤粒子21を分散させた塗料の塗
膜22を設けるのがよい。
In the present invention, as the honeycomb wall 11, the plastic net 11a or the continuous foam sheet 11b, as shown in FIG.
It is also possible to use a composition in which ozone decomposer particles 21 are dispersed and molded into the above-mentioned shapes using this composition. However, in order for the ozone decomposer to act effectively, as shown in FIG.
It is preferable to provide a coating film 22 of paint in which ozone decomposer particles 21 are dispersed.

このような塗料の一例を示すと次の通りであ
る。
An example of such a paint is as follows.

スチレン系樹脂 10重量部 γ−アルミナ粉末 5重量部 有機溶媒(トルエン) 100重量部 この塗料を多孔性部材9の表面に、固形分とし
て2乃至55μmの厚みになるように塗布するのが
よい。
Styrene resin: 10 parts by weight γ-alumina powder: 5 parts by weight Organic solvent (toluene): 100 parts by weight This paint is preferably applied to the surface of the porous member 9 so that the solid content has a thickness of 2 to 55 μm.

(考案の作用効果) 以上説明した通り、本考案によれば、交流コロ
ナ除電による転写紙の感光体ドラムからの分離を
有効に行い、しかも転写紙の紙詰り発生を有効に
防止しながら、従来の装置においては発生した黒
スジの発生や感光体のオゾンによる劣化を、簡単
な機構で防止できるという利点がある。
(Operations and Effects of the Invention) As explained above, according to the present invention, the transfer paper is effectively separated from the photoreceptor drum by AC corona static elimination, and while effectively preventing the occurrence of paper jams in the transfer paper, This apparatus has the advantage of being able to prevent the occurrence of black streaks and deterioration of the photoreceptor due to ozone with a simple mechanism.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of drawings]

第1図は本考案の除電装置を示す一部切欠いた
斜視図であり、第2図は本考案の除電装置と感光
体ドラムとの位置関係を示す側断面図であり、第
3図は電気絶縁性多孔質部材の本体への装着方法
を説明する図であり、第4図及び第5図は本考案
の他の実施例を示す斜視図であり、第6図は多孔
性部材の拡大断面図であり、第7図はオゾン分解
剤塗布多孔性部材表面の拡大断面図である。 1……除電チヤージヤ、2……転写チヤージ
ヤ、4……コロナワイヤー、9……電気絶縁性多
孔質部材、20,20a……樹脂、21……オゾ
ン分解剤粒子。
FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway perspective view showing the static eliminator of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a side sectional view showing the positional relationship between the static eliminator of the present invention and the photosensitive drum, and FIG. FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a method of attaching an insulating porous member to a main body, FIGS. 4 and 5 are perspective views showing other embodiments of the present invention, and FIG. 6 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the porous member. FIG. 7 is an enlarged sectional view of the surface of the porous member coated with an ozonolytic agent. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Static elimination charger, 2... Transfer charger, 4... Corona wire, 9... Electrically insulating porous member, 20, 20a... Resin, 21... Ozone decomposer particles.

Claims (1)

【実用新案登録請求の範囲】[Scope of utility model registration request] 感光体ドラムからトナー像が転写された転写紙
を感光体ドラムから静電的に分離するための除電
装置において、該除電装置は開口部を有するシー
ルドケースと該ケース内に配設されたコロナワイ
ヤーとを備え、該シールドケースの開口部には微
細に区画された連通開口を有する電気絶縁性多孔
質部材が全面にわたつて設けられており、該電気
絶縁性多孔質部材の少なくとも外表面にはオゾン
分解剤が分布した層を有していることを特徴とす
る転写紙分離用除電装置。
A static eliminator for electrostatically separating a transfer paper onto which a toner image has been transferred from a photoreceptor drum, the static eliminator includes a shield case having an opening and a corona wire disposed inside the case. The opening of the shield case is provided with an electrically insulating porous member having finely divided communication openings over the entire surface, and at least the outer surface of the electrically insulating porous member is provided with: A static eliminator for separating transfer paper, characterized by having a layer in which an ozone decomposing agent is distributed.
JP1985044834U 1985-03-29 1985-03-29 Expired JPH0419560Y2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP1985044834U JPH0419560Y2 (en) 1985-03-29 1985-03-29

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP1985044834U JPH0419560Y2 (en) 1985-03-29 1985-03-29

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS61162874U JPS61162874U (en) 1986-10-08
JPH0419560Y2 true JPH0419560Y2 (en) 1992-05-01

Family

ID=30557771

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP1985044834U Expired JPH0419560Y2 (en) 1985-03-29 1985-03-29

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPH0419560Y2 (en)

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS4990939A (en) * 1972-12-28 1974-08-30
JPS58172668A (en) * 1982-04-02 1983-10-11 Ricoh Co Ltd Corona discharger for image transfer

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS4990939A (en) * 1972-12-28 1974-08-30
JPS58172668A (en) * 1982-04-02 1983-10-11 Ricoh Co Ltd Corona discharger for image transfer

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS61162874U (en) 1986-10-08

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