JPH04193332A - Apparatus for back-washing hollow yarn membrane - Google Patents
Apparatus for back-washing hollow yarn membraneInfo
- Publication number
- JPH04193332A JPH04193332A JP32283290A JP32283290A JPH04193332A JP H04193332 A JPH04193332 A JP H04193332A JP 32283290 A JP32283290 A JP 32283290A JP 32283290 A JP32283290 A JP 32283290A JP H04193332 A JPH04193332 A JP H04193332A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- clad
- air
- filter
- washing
- hollow fiber
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 238000011001 backwashing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000012510 hollow fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005201 scrubbing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000005587 bubbling Effects 0.000 abstract description 13
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 101150110330 CRAT gene Proteins 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-bis(ethenyl)benzene;1-ethenyl-2-ethylbenzene;styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1.CCC1=CC=CC=C1C=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1C=C NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003456 ion exchange resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003303 ion-exchange polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010612 desalination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- FBAFATDZDUQKNH-UHFFFAOYSA-M iron chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Fe] FBAFATDZDUQKNH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007788 roughening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011550 stock solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
〔産業上の利用分野〕
原子カプラントの復水浄化に用いられる中空糸膜フィル
タの逆洗装置しこ関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Field of Application] The present invention relates to a backwashing device for a hollow fiber membrane filter used for purifying condensate of an atomic couplant.
・ 原子力発電プラントでは放射線量の上昇を抑制す
るために給水中の不純物であるクラッドと称する鉄酸化
物成分・を予め除去しておく必要がある。- In nuclear power plants, in order to suppress the rise in radiation levels, it is necessary to remove iron oxide components called crud, which are impurities in the water supply, in advance.
クラッド分離装置はイオン交換樹脂を充填した脱塩器、
粉末状イオン交換樹脂を用いる濾過脱塩器、さらしこは
多孔質状の中空糸膜フィルタが用いられている。中空糸
膜フィルタは111II程度の径で中空状の膜を数千本
で束にしたモジュールで構成されており、各膜の表面に
は、0.01〜0.1μmの細孔をもつ。クラッドは膜
表面で阻止され、水だけが細孔を透過する。The cladding separation device is a desalination device filled with ion exchange resin,
A porous hollow fiber membrane filter is used in a filtration demineralizer that uses powdered ion exchange resin. A hollow fiber membrane filter is composed of a module in which several thousand hollow membranes with a diameter of about 111II are bundled, and each membrane has pores of 0.01 to 0.1 μm on the surface. The cladding is blocked at the membrane surface and only water passes through the pores.
この中空糸膜フィルタの運転では、他のフィルタと同じ
ようにクラッド付着量が多くなると濾過差圧の上昇を招
く。このような事態になると運転中でもクラッドを洗浄
する必要がある。洗浄法は、膜の外表面の付着物を、空
気泡でバブリングする方法と膜の内側から高圧水で逆通
水するエアサージ法があり、各々単独、あるいは、組合
せて、行なう。このエアバブリング逆洗では、通常、フ
ィルタ容器の水で行なわれる。In operation of this hollow fiber membrane filter, as with other filters, when the amount of crud deposit increases, the filtration differential pressure increases. When this happens, it is necessary to clean the cladding even during operation. Cleaning methods include a method of bubbling the deposits on the outer surface of the membrane with air bubbles and an air surge method of back-flowing high-pressure water from the inside of the membrane, each of which may be carried out singly or in combination. This air bubbling backwashing is usually performed with water in a filter container.
この逆洗では、逆洗時間に応して膜表面クラッドが除去
される。一方では、数千本人ったモジュール内で空気泡
が上昇する際に膜同士が接触することが避けられない。In this backwashing, membrane surface cladding is removed depending on the backwashing time. On the one hand, it is inevitable that the membranes will come into contact with each other as air bubbles rise inside a module containing several thousand members.
この際、逆洗液中に鉄諧化物が含まれると接触時に膜表
面が損傷を受けることが懸念される。At this time, if the backwash liquid contains iron chloride, there is a concern that the membrane surface may be damaged upon contact.
従ってモジュール内の膜表面付着物の除去には従来のク
ラッド含有液での逆洗法より他の方法を必要とする。Therefore, removal of deposits on the membrane surface within the module requires a method other than the conventional backwashing method with a cladding liquid.
上記従来技術はフィルタの逆洗法において、中空糸膜の
表面損傷に考慮がなされておらず、逆洗時間とともに変
形に伴う損傷が大きくなる問題があった。In the above-mentioned conventional technique, surface damage to the hollow fiber membrane is not taken into account in the filter backwashing method, and there is a problem in that the damage due to deformation increases with the backwashing time.
本発明は膜表面損傷を軽減することを目的としており、
膜損傷の主要因となる逆洗液中のクラット濃度を調整す
ることにある。The present invention aims to reduce membrane surface damage,
The goal is to adjust the concentration of crat in the backwash solution, which is the main cause of membrane damage.
二こで中空糸膜フィルタの概要と逆洗法について示す。An overview of hollow fiber membrane filters and the backwashing method will be shown below.
第1図では、フィルタ1には150φ程度の円筒ホルダ
に数千本の中空糸膜2が上下で固定されたモジュール3
で多数本装填されている。In Fig. 1, a filter 1 has a module 3 in which several thousand hollow fiber membranes 2 are fixed at the top and bottom in a cylindrical holder of about 150φ.
It is loaded with many books.
フィルタ下部にはエアバブリング用の空気導入管4が設
置されている。一方、エアサージ逆洗にはサージ用貯水
槽5より高圧水を中空糸膜内に圧送できる配管6をもっ
ている。逆洗法特に、エアバブリングについては、第2
図に示すように、モジュール3内の中空糸膜2の表面に
付着したクラッド7を下部からの空気泡8による膜のゆ
れで分離させる。An air introduction pipe 4 for air bubbling is installed at the bottom of the filter. On the other hand, for air surge backwashing, there is a pipe 6 that can force-feed high-pressure water from the surge water storage tank 5 into the hollow fiber membrane. Regarding the backwashing method, especially air bubbling, the second
As shown in the figure, the cladding 7 adhering to the surface of the hollow fiber membrane 2 in the module 3 is separated by the shaking of the membrane caused by air bubbles 8 from below.
上記目的を達成するために、逆洗時の膜からの付着物の
分離と膜自身の損傷の度合いについて検討し、その結果
、逆洗時特にエアバブリング時には、下部からの空気泡
により膜のゆれと膜同士の接触により付着物が分離する
。一方、膜同士の接触時にクラットを介すると、接触材
の役割を果し。In order to achieve the above objectives, we investigated the separation of deposits from the membrane during backwashing and the degree of damage to the membrane itself, and found that during backwashing, especially during air bubbling, the membrane sways due to air bubbles from below. The deposits are separated by contact between the membranes. On the other hand, when the membranes come into contact with each other, a crat acts as a contact material.
膜表面が傷つき膜表面上の細孔の閉塞を招くことを把握
した。It was found that the membrane surface was damaged and the pores on the membrane surface were blocked.
そこでこの膜細孔の閉塞を防ぐためし二エアバブリング
逆洗時にクラッド含有量を調整する、具体的にはエアバ
ブリング逆洗を分割し、前段階でのクラッドをフィルタ
下部に沈降により隔離するか、あるでは、フィルタ外部
の貯槽に移送して分離する。その後、逆洗を低濃度液で
行なう。Therefore, in order to prevent this membrane pore clogging, we need to adjust the crud content during air bubbling backwashing. Specifically, we divide the air bubbling backwashing process and isolate the crud from the previous stage by settling it at the bottom of the filter. In some cases, it is transferred to a storage tank outside the filter for separation. Afterwards, perform backwashing with a low concentration solution.
本発明では、中空糸膜フィルタの逆洗時に生じる膜変形
の要因となるクラッド濃度を下げる。これにより、空気
泡による膜接触時の膜・膜間のクラッド粒子による変形
を軽減することができる。In the present invention, the cladding concentration, which causes membrane deformation that occurs during backwashing of a hollow fiber membrane filter, is reduced. This makes it possible to reduce deformation caused by clad particles between the membranes when the membranes come into contact with each other due to air bubbles.
クラッドの膜変形に及ぼす影響の度合いについては次の
ように考えられる。すなわち、第3図に示すように、中
空糸膜2が空気泡8の上昇とともにゆれる際、隣りの膜
と接触する。水中での接触であれば表面の変形はほとん
どおこらない。水中にクラッド等の粒子が含まれている
と、粒子が膜間に入ってこれが膜を圧ばくしたりずれに
より表面を荒らすことになり、細孔をも閉塞することに
なる。クラットの影響の度合いは、クラットの形態7粒
径にも依存するが、最も大きいのはクラッド濃度である
。この度合いは数百ppm存在すると大きな影響を及ぼ
す。The degree of influence of cladding on membrane deformation can be considered as follows. That is, as shown in FIG. 3, when the hollow fiber membrane 2 swings as the air bubbles 8 rise, it comes into contact with the adjacent membrane. When contact occurs underwater, almost no surface deformation occurs. If particles such as cladding are contained in the water, the particles will enter between the membranes, causing pressure on the membranes and roughening the surface due to displacement, and will also clog pores. The degree of influence of crat depends on the grain size of crat, but the largest factor is the crud concentration. This degree has a large influence when present at several hundred ppm.
本発明はエアバブリング逆洗において、逆洗時のクラッ
ド濃度を調整する。その際の実施例を示す。The present invention adjusts the crud concentration during backwashing in air bubbling backwashing. An example of this will be shown below.
〈実施例1〉
本発明に適した中空糸膜フィルタの構造を第1図に示す
。フィルタの下部に沈降したクラッド7を保持する貯槽
部9を設けており、これを機能させるために堰1oを設
け、原液流入管11を貯槽部9より上部に位置するよう
にした。<Example 1> The structure of a hollow fiber membrane filter suitable for the present invention is shown in FIG. A storage tank part 9 for holding the sedimented crud 7 is provided at the bottom of the filter, and in order to make this work, a weir 1o is provided, and the stock solution inflow pipe 11 is positioned above the storage tank part 9.
この構造において、エアバブリング逆洗ではフィルタ中
を流入水で満水とした状態で、空気管4より空気をモジ
ュール内に一定時間流入して、中空糸膜上の付着物を分
離する。空気はフィルタ上部のベント管12より糸外に
放出する。一方、逆洗により分離したクラッドは自然沈
降により貯槽部9に、隔離する。その後、空気を再度モ
ジュール内に送入してバブリングを行なう。逆洗が終了
すると、フィルタ下部の流出管13より糸外のクラッド
液貯槽14に送液する。In this structure, in air bubbling backwashing, air is flowed into the module from the air pipe 4 for a certain period of time while the filter is filled with inflow water to separate deposits on the hollow fiber membranes. Air is released from the vent pipe 12 above the filter to the outside of the thread. On the other hand, the crud separated by backwashing is isolated in the storage tank 9 by natural sedimentation. After that, air is introduced into the module again to perform bubbling. When the backwashing is completed, the liquid is sent from the outflow pipe 13 at the bottom of the filter to the cladding liquid storage tank 14 outside the thread.
〈実施例2〉
第一段階の逆洗での濃度クラッド液をフィルタ糸外の貯
槽に分離する系統を有する中空糸膜フィルタを第5図に
示す。逆洗後の濃度液は糸外の貯槽14に、一旦、留め
る。次の逆洗用水には、貯槽の沈澱上澄液を用いるか、
あるいは別系統からの用水15を流入する。この際、貯
槽15の構造はフィルタ下部と同しように、貯槽下部の
濃度クラッド液が上澄液に同伴しないように、傾斜板1
6を設けることも想定される。<Example 2> FIG. 5 shows a hollow fiber membrane filter having a system for separating the concentrated cladding liquid in the first stage of backwashing into a storage tank outside the filter fibers. The concentrated liquid after backwashing is temporarily stored in a storage tank 14 outside the thread. For the next backwash water, use the precipitated supernatant liquid from the storage tank, or
Alternatively, water 15 from another system flows in. At this time, the structure of the storage tank 15 is the same as that of the lower part of the filter, so that the inclined plate
It is also envisaged that 6 will be provided.
本発明によれば、中空糸膜の逆洗による表面損傷に伴う
透過水量低下を抑制できるので、フィルタの透水性能の
保持、並びに、フィルタの寿命を長く保つことができる
。According to the present invention, it is possible to suppress a decrease in the amount of permeated water due to surface damage caused by backwashing of the hollow fiber membrane, so that the water permeability of the filter can be maintained and the life of the filter can be maintained for a long time.
第1図は本発明の一実施例の中空糸膜フィルタの系統図
、第2図は本発明の他の実施例の中空糸膜フィルタの系
統図、第3図は中空糸膜フィルタの説明図、第4図は中
空糸膜モジュールの正面図、第5図はエアバブリング時
に膜表面損損を生しる状況の説明図である。
13・・・流出管、14 クラッド液貯槽。Fig. 1 is a system diagram of a hollow fiber membrane filter according to an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a system diagram of a hollow fiber membrane filter according to another embodiment of the present invention, and Fig. 3 is an explanatory diagram of a hollow fiber membrane filter. , FIG. 4 is a front view of the hollow fiber membrane module, and FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of the situation in which membrane surface damage occurs during air bubbling. 13...outflow pipe, 14 cladding liquid storage tank.
Claims (1)
、 逆洗時に操作を分割し、前段階で距離したクラッドを分
離し、後段階で希釈された水で洗浄し、前段階で発生し
たクラッドを逆洗液中に混入しないように別の槽に分離
、保管する槽を設けたことを特徴とする逆洗中空糸膜フ
ィルタ。 2、請求項1において、前記クラッドを分離あるいは保
管する槽において、フィルタを装填する容器の下部に分
離槽を設けるか、フィルタ容器外に別の保管槽を設ける
逆洗中空糸膜フィルタ。 3、請求項1において、膜の下部より空気を導入するエ
アスクラビングを行なう逆洗において、付着クラッドの
50%以上が除去された段階で、クラッドを、一旦、分
離し、次の逆洗工程に入る逆洗中空糸膜フィルタ装置。[Claims] 1. In a hollow fiber membrane filter that separates granular solids, the operation is divided during backwashing, the distant crud is separated in the previous stage, and washed with diluted water in the latter stage, A backwash hollow fiber membrane filter characterized by having a tank for separating and storing crud generated in the previous stage in a separate tank so as not to mix it into the backwash liquid. 2. The backwash hollow fiber membrane filter according to claim 1, wherein in the tank for separating or storing the cladding, a separation tank is provided below the container in which the filter is loaded, or another storage tank is provided outside the filter container. 3. In claim 1, in backwashing that performs air scrubbing by introducing air from the bottom of the membrane, when 50% or more of the adhered crud has been removed, the crud is once separated and then subjected to the next backwashing step. Backwash hollow fiber membrane filter device.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP32283290A JPH04193332A (en) | 1990-11-28 | 1990-11-28 | Apparatus for back-washing hollow yarn membrane |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP32283290A JPH04193332A (en) | 1990-11-28 | 1990-11-28 | Apparatus for back-washing hollow yarn membrane |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPH04193332A true JPH04193332A (en) | 1992-07-13 |
Family
ID=18148104
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP32283290A Pending JPH04193332A (en) | 1990-11-28 | 1990-11-28 | Apparatus for back-washing hollow yarn membrane |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JPH04193332A (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2002058968A (en) * | 2000-08-18 | 2002-02-26 | Suehiro Tadashi | Filter |
-
1990
- 1990-11-28 JP JP32283290A patent/JPH04193332A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2002058968A (en) * | 2000-08-18 | 2002-02-26 | Suehiro Tadashi | Filter |
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