JPH04191697A - Electrolysis refinement of molten salt and apparatus thereof - Google Patents
Electrolysis refinement of molten salt and apparatus thereofInfo
- Publication number
- JPH04191697A JPH04191697A JP2321918A JP32191890A JPH04191697A JP H04191697 A JPH04191697 A JP H04191697A JP 2321918 A JP2321918 A JP 2321918A JP 32191890 A JP32191890 A JP 32191890A JP H04191697 A JPH04191697 A JP H04191697A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- molten salt
- metal
- molten
- electrode
- cathode
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 title claims description 72
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 93
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 93
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims description 38
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003758 nuclear fuel Substances 0.000 description 8
- 210000005240 left ventricle Anatomy 0.000 description 7
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 210000005241 right ventricle Anatomy 0.000 description 5
- 229910052770 Uranium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000004070 electrodeposition Methods 0.000 description 4
- JFALSRSLKYAFGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N uranium(0) Chemical compound [U] JFALSRSLKYAFGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium chloride Chemical compound [Li+].[Cl-] KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052778 Plutonium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052768 actinide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001255 actinides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010828 elution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000374 eutectic mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- OYEHPCDNVJXUIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N plutonium atom Chemical compound [Pu] OYEHPCDNVJXUIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002861 ventricular Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
Landscapes
- Electrolytic Production Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
〔発明の目的〕
（産業上の利用分野）
本発明は、金属を溶融塩電解法により電解精製するため
の溶融塩電解精製方法及び装置に係わり、特に原子力発
電所から発生する使用済み金属燃料から有用金属を精製
回収するための溶融塩電解精製方法及び装置に関する。[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Object of the Invention] (Industrial Field of Application) The present invention relates to a molten salt electrolytic refining method and apparatus for electrolytically refining metals by molten salt electrolytic method, and particularly relates to a method and apparatus for electrolytically refining metals from nuclear power plants. The present invention relates to a molten salt electrolytic refining method and apparatus for refining and recovering useful metals from generated used metal fuels.
（従来の技術）
従来、原子力発電所から発生する使用済み金属燃料から
、原子燃料成分などの有用金属を精製して回収するため
には、溶融塩電解法による電解精製技術が用いられてい
る。このような電解精製技術に使用される電解装置とし
ては、第２図に示されるような溶融金属陽極を共有する
二槽式溶融塩電解装置１が考案されている。(Prior Art) Conventionally, electrolytic refining technology using molten salt electrolysis has been used to refine and recover useful metals such as nuclear fuel components from spent metal fuel generated from nuclear power plants. As an electrolyzer used in such electrolytic refining technology, a two-vessel molten salt electrolyzer 1 sharing a molten metal anode as shown in FIG. 2 has been devised.
該二槽式溶融塩電解装置１は、電解槽２の中央部を隔壁
３にて区切り、この区切られた室のそれぞれを左室４ａ
、右室４ｂとして形成し、該左室４ａにて原料金属（使
用済み金属燃料）５の陽極溶解を行ない、右室４ｂにて
その溶解した金属５の電析回収を行なうものである。The two-vessel molten salt electrolyzer 1 has a central part of an electrolytic cell 2 divided by a partition wall 3, and each of the divided chambers is designated as a left chamber 4a.
, a right chamber 4b is formed, raw metal (spent metal fuel) 5 is anodically melted in the left chamber 4a, and the molten metal 5 is recovered by electrodeposition in the right chamber 4b.
具体的には、原料金属５を入れて吊持するための籠状容
器６は電解槽２の左室４ａ側の溶融塩浴７ａ中に浸漬さ
れ、該左室４ａの下部に配設されている溶融金属電極８
と結ぶライン９ａによって導通されている。従って、こ
の両者の間に電圧印加装置１０ａを配設して適当な電圧
を印加させると、原料金属５より原子燃料成分（主とし
てウラニウム）が左室４ａ側の溶融塩浴７ａ中に溶出さ
れて、溶融金属電極８中に溶解する。Specifically, a cage-like container 6 for containing and suspending the raw metal 5 is immersed in a molten salt bath 7a on the left chamber 4a side of the electrolytic cell 2, and is disposed at the lower part of the left chamber 4a. Molten metal electrode 8
It is electrically connected by a line 9a that connects the terminal to the terminal. Therefore, when a voltage application device 10a is disposed between the two and an appropriate voltage is applied, the nuclear fuel component (mainly uranium) is eluted from the raw metal 5 into the molten salt bath 7a on the left ventricle 4a side. , dissolved in the molten metal electrode 8.
一方、電解槽２の右室４ｂ側の溶融塩浴７ｂ中には陰極
１１が浸漬されており、該右室４ｂの下部に配設されて
いる溶融金属電極８と結ぶライン９ｂによって導通され
ており、この両者の間に電圧印加装置１０ｂを配設して
適当な電圧を印加させると、溶融金属電極８中に溶解さ
れていた原子力燃料成分が溶融塩浴７ｂ中に溶出してき
て、この溶出された原子力燃料成分は更に陰極１１上に
析出され、精製金属１２として回収される。On the other hand, a cathode 11 is immersed in the molten salt bath 7b on the right chamber 4b side of the electrolytic cell 2, and is electrically connected to the molten metal electrode 8 disposed at the lower part of the right chamber 4b. When a voltage applying device 10b is disposed between the two and an appropriate voltage is applied, the nuclear fuel components dissolved in the molten metal electrode 8 are eluted into the molten salt bath 7b, and this eluted The resulting nuclear fuel components are further deposited on the cathode 11 and recovered as refined metal 12.
（発明が解決しようとする課題）
しかしながら、このような二槽式溶融塩電解装置１は、
上記左室４ａ側及び右室４ｂ側の二種の反応を並行して
進行せしめることにより、操業率の向上を計ることを目
的として開発されたものであるが、上記左室４ａ側及び
右室４ｂ側の操作電流が各々独自に選定されているため
に、溶融金属電極８中の物質収支が均衡せず、溶融塩浴
７ａ。(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) However, such a two-tank molten salt electrolyzer 1 has the following problems:
It was developed with the aim of improving the operating rate by allowing two types of reactions on the left ventricular 4a side and the right ventricle 4b side to proceed in parallel. Since the operating currents on the 4b side are each independently selected, the mass balance in the molten metal electrode 8 is not balanced, and the molten salt bath 7a.
７ｂ及び溶融金属電極８中の各金属濃度が大きく変動す
ると言う問題かあった。There was a problem in that the concentrations of each metal in the molten metal electrode 7b and the molten metal electrode 8 varied greatly.
すなわち、このような変動が過度になり過ぎると操業不
能になるため、時々濃度調整が必要となり、その操作の
ために操業率が低下し、前記操業率の向上を計ることを
目的として開発された効果が損なわれてしまっていた。In other words, if such fluctuations become too excessive, it becomes impossible to operate, so concentration adjustment is sometimes required, and this operation reduces the operating rate. The effect had been lost.
本発明者らは、このような従来技術における課題を解決
するために鋭意研究されてなされたものである。The present inventors have conducted extensive research in order to solve the problems in the prior art.
すなわち、本発明の目的は、上記電解槽２の左室４ａ側
及び右室４ｂ側の二種類の反応により生じる電流間を実
質的に均衡させることにより、上記物質の溶出と析出を
実質的に均衡させて、溶融塩浴７ａ、７ｂ及び溶融金属
電極８中の各金属濃度変化を極少に抑えて、濃度調整の
不要な操業を実現させることを目的としている。That is, an object of the present invention is to substantially reduce the elution and precipitation of the substance by substantially balancing the currents generated by two types of reactions on the left ventricle 4a side and right ventricle 4b side of the electrolytic cell 2. The purpose is to maintain balance and minimize changes in the concentration of each metal in the molten salt baths 7a, 7b and the molten metal electrode 8, thereby realizing an operation that does not require concentration adjustment.
（課題を解決するための手段）
すなわち、本発明の溶融塩電解精製方法は、溶融金属陽
極を共有する多槽式溶融塩電解装置を用いて金属を電解
させて精製する溶融塩電解精製方法において、該電解精
製を原料金属の陽極溶解に必要とする電流の量と、精製
金属を陰極に電析させて回収するのに必要とする電流の
量とを実質的に一致せしめて行なうことを特徴とするも
のである。(Means for Solving the Problems) That is, the molten salt electrolytic refining method of the present invention is a molten salt electrolytic refining method in which metal is electrolyzed and purified using a multi-vessel molten salt electrolyzer that shares a molten metal anode. , characterized in that the electrolytic refining is carried out by substantially matching the amount of current required for anodic melting of the raw material metal and the amount of current required for electrodepositing and recovering the refined metal on the cathode. That is.
一方、本発明の溶融塩電解精製装置は、下部に溶融金属
電極を収容し、上部に溶融塩浴を収容するために、上部
を隔壁にて区切り、下部を連通させて形成した各室を備
える多槽式電解槽と、該各室にそれぞれ配設した、原料
金属を溶融塩浴に浸漬させて吊持するための吊持器具及
び陰極と、該吊持器具と溶融金属電極との間並びに該溶
融金属電極と前記陰極との間を結ぶライン中にそれぞれ
配設した電圧印加装置とから構成される溶融塩電解装置
において、前記吊持器具と電圧印加装置と溶融金属電極
とを結ぶライン並びに前記陰極と電圧印加装置と溶融金
属電極とを結ぶライン中にそれぞれ電解電流検出装置を
配設し、これら両電解電流検出装置により測定された原
料金属の陽極溶解に要した電流量と、精製金属を陰極に
電析させて回収するのに要した電流量とを検出して、こ
の検出値によって前記電圧印加装置を制御させて両者の
電流量を実質的に一致せしめるための制御装置を配設し
てなることを特徴とするものである。On the other hand, the molten salt electrolytic refining apparatus of the present invention includes chambers formed by dividing the upper part with a partition wall and communicating the lower part in order to accommodate the molten metal electrode in the lower part and the molten salt bath in the upper part. A multi-tank electrolytic cell, a suspension device and a cathode for suspending raw metal immersed in a molten salt bath, which are arranged in each chamber, and between the suspension device and the molten metal electrode, and A molten salt electrolyzer comprising a voltage application device disposed in a line connecting the molten metal electrode and the cathode, and a line connecting the suspension device, the voltage application device, and the molten metal electrode; An electrolysis current detection device is installed in each line connecting the cathode, the voltage application device, and the molten metal electrode, and the amount of current required for anodic melting of the raw metal and the refined metal are measured by both electrolysis current detection devices. A control device is provided for detecting the amount of current required to deposit and collect the current on the cathode, and controlling the voltage application device based on this detected value so that the amounts of both currents substantially match. It is characterized by:
なお、上記構成のうち、望ましい態様は、次の通りであ
る。Note that among the above configurations, desirable aspects are as follows.
前記溶融塩電解精製装置の電圧印加装置を制御するため
の制御装置が、溶融塩電解精製装置の各室の電解電流量
を実質的に一致せしめるための所定のプログラムを備え
たもので、該プログラムに従って各室の電解電流量が調
整される。The control device for controlling the voltage application device of the molten salt electrolytic refining device is provided with a predetermined program for substantially matching the amount of electrolysis current in each chamber of the molten salt electrolytic refining device, and the program The amount of electrolytic current in each chamber is adjusted accordingly.
陰極を昇降自在に形成するか、或いは、溶融塩浴の液面
の高さを調節自在に形成して、電極の溶融塩浴への浸漬
表面積を変化させて、電極電圧を大幅に変えることなく
電極電流を制御する。By forming the cathode so that it can be raised and lowered, or by adjusting the height of the liquid level of the molten salt bath, the surface area of the electrode immersed in the molten salt bath can be changed without significantly changing the electrode voltage. Control the electrode current.
（作用）
このような本発明の溶融塩電解精製方法に用いられる溶
融塩電解精製装置１は、第１図に示すように、従来の溶
融塩電解精製装置１の原料金属５を溶融塩浴７ａに浸漬
させて吊持するための吊持器具６と電圧印加装置１０ａ
と溶融金属電極８とを結ぶライン９ａ並びに前記溶融金
属電極８と電圧印加装置１０ｂと陰極１１とを結ぶライ
ン９ｂ中にそれぞれ電解電流検出装置１３ａ、１３ｂを
設置して、この電解電流検出装置１３ａ、１３ｂによっ
て電解槽２各室４ａ、４ｂの電解電流を検出して、画室
４ａ、４ｂにおける電解電流のうち、目的とする金属に
よる電流量が実質的に等しくなるように制御装置１６に
より両電圧印加装置１０ａ、１０ｂの電圧を調整する。(Function) As shown in FIG. 1, the molten salt electrolytic refining apparatus 1 used in the molten salt electrolytic refining method of the present invention is configured such that the raw metal 5 of the conventional molten salt electrolytic refining apparatus 1 is transferred to a molten salt bath 7a. A suspension device 6 and a voltage application device 10a for suspending by immersing in
Electrolytic current detecting devices 13a and 13b are installed in the line 9a connecting the molten metal electrode 8 and the molten metal electrode 8, and in the line 9b connecting the molten metal electrode 8, the voltage application device 10b, and the cathode 11, respectively. , 13b detect the electrolytic current in each chamber 4a, 4b of the electrolytic cell 2, and the controller 16 adjusts both voltages so that the amount of current due to the target metal among the electrolytic currents in the compartments 4a, 4b is substantially equal. The voltages of the application devices 10a and 10b are adjusted.
該電圧の調整は、両室４ａ、４ｂにおける電解電流は予
め定められた一定の関係（例えば、両室４ａ、４ｂで等
しい値）になるように、所定のプログラムなどに従って
調整される。このような−定の関係は、主として原料５
成分の成分比によって定まり、実験的若しくは理論的に
定め得るものである。これによって溶融金属電極８では
、左室４ａ側から溶解されてくる金属量と右室４ｂ側へ
溶出されていく金属量が等しくなり、溶融金属電極８の
金属の濃度変化を極少に押さえることができる。The voltage is adjusted according to a predetermined program so that the electrolytic currents in both chambers 4a and 4b have a predetermined constant relationship (eg, equal values in both chambers 4a and 4b). This constant relationship is mainly due to the raw material 5.
It is determined by the ratio of components and can be determined experimentally or theoretically. As a result, in the molten metal electrode 8, the amount of metal melted from the left ventricle 4a side is equal to the amount of metal eluted to the right ventricle 4b side, making it possible to minimize changes in the concentration of metal in the molten metal electrode 8. can.
本発明において「実質的に一致せしめる。」とは、溶融
金属電極８における左室４ａ側から溶解されてくる金属
量と右室４ｂ側へ溶出されそいく金属量が等しくなるよ
うに電気的にその量を調節するものであることから、常
時その量を完全に一致させることが望ましいが、−時的
にその量に若干の変動があっても適当な時間内にその量
が一致していれば良い。In the present invention, "to substantially match" means to electrically conduct the molten metal electrode 8 so that the amount of metal melted from the left ventricle 4a side and the amount of metal likely to be eluted to the right ventricle 4b side are equal. Since the amount is to be adjusted, it is desirable to keep the amount completely the same at all times, but even if the amount fluctuates slightly over time, it is important to keep the amount the same within a suitable amount of time. Good.
また、原料金属５を微細な状態にして溶融塩浴７ａに浸
漬させて吊持するための吊持器具６を用いることが望ま
しいが、原料金属５自体をそのまま棒状にして溶融塩浴
７ａに浸漬させて吊持することもできる。Further, it is preferable to use a suspension device 6 for making the raw metal 5 into a fine state, immersing it in the molten salt bath 7a, and suspending it. It can also be hung.
本発明の溶融塩電解精製方法及び装置１では電圧印加装
置１０ａ、１０ｂに印加される電圧の調整を行なって制
御するものであるが、電極電圧（特に陰極）の大幅な変
動（１０％程度以上）は得られる精製金属１２の品質を
低下させる場合があることから、通常、このような電極
電圧の大幅な変動は好ましくない操作とされている。In the molten salt electrolytic refining method and apparatus 1 of the present invention, the voltage applied to the voltage application devices 10a and 10b is adjusted and controlled, but the electrode voltage (particularly the cathode) is subject to large fluctuations (approximately 10% or more). ) may reduce the quality of the refined metal 12 obtained, and therefore, such large fluctuations in electrode voltage are generally considered undesirable operations.
しかしながら、何等かの急激な大きな変化に伴う電解電
流の変動に対応して電圧印加装置１０ａ。However, the voltage application device 10a responds to fluctuations in the electrolytic current due to some sudden large change.
１、 Ｏｂの電極電圧の大幅な調整を避けるために、陰
極１１の溶融塩浴７ｂ中への浸漬面積を変えることがで
きるようにすることが好ましい。1. In order to avoid large adjustment of the electrode voltage of Ob, it is preferable to be able to change the area of the cathode 11 immersed in the molten salt bath 7b.
このような陰極１．１の溶融塩浴７ｂ中への浸漬面積を
変更するための手段としては、陰極１１を昇降自在に形
成したり、溶融塩浴７ｂの液面７Ｃの高さを調節自在に
形成すること等がある。As means for changing the immersion area of the cathode 1.1 into the molten salt bath 7b, the cathode 11 can be formed to be able to rise and fall freely, and the height of the liquid level 7C of the molten salt bath 7b can be freely adjusted. There are cases where it is formed.
これは電極電圧が電極電流密度によって定まるため、電
極電流密度を一定に保てば電極電圧が一定に保持され、
電流を変えても電極電流密度を変更しなければ電極電圧
の大幅な変動を避けることができるからである。This is because the electrode voltage is determined by the electrode current density, so if the electrode current density is kept constant, the electrode voltage will be kept constant.
This is because even if the current is changed, large fluctuations in the electrode voltage can be avoided if the electrode current density is not changed.
この様な本発明の溶融塩電解精製方法及び装置において
精製される金属としては、アクチナイド元素、希土類元
素などがあるが、これら金属の中ではウランおよびプル
トニウムに用いると有効である。The metals refined in the molten salt electrolytic refining method and apparatus of the present invention include actinide elements, rare earth elements, etc. Among these metals, it is effective to use uranium and plutonium.
本発明の溶融塩電解精製方法及び装置の一実施例を挙げ
て、以下に図面に基づき具体的に説明する。An embodiment of the molten salt electrolytic refining method and apparatus of the present invention will be specifically described below based on the drawings.
（実施例）
第１図は本発明の溶融塩電解精製方法に用いられる溶融
塩電解精製装置の縦断面図である。(Example) FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a molten salt electrolytic refining apparatus used in the molten salt electrolytic refining method of the present invention.
第１図において、１は本発明の溶融塩電解精製方法に用
いられる内容が約１０リツトルの二槽式％式％
の溶融塩電解精製装置であり、該溶融塩電解精製装置１
は、電解槽２の中央部を隔壁３にて二つに区切り、この
区切られた室のそれぞれを左室４ａ。In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a two-tank type molten salt electrolytic refining apparatus with a content of about 10 liters, which is used in the molten salt electrolytic refining method of the present invention.
The central part of the electrolytic cell 2 is divided into two by a partition wall 3, and each of the divided chambers is a left ventricle 4a.
右室４ｂとして形成している。It is formed as a right ventricle 4b.
該左室４ａ及び右室４ｂは、上部を隔壁３にて区切られ
てそれぞれが陽極溶解側の溶融塩浴７ａ及び電析回収側
の溶融塩浴７ｂとして形成されているが、その下部は連
通されていて、溶融金属電極８が一つにして貯えられて
いる。The left chamber 4a and the right chamber 4b are separated at the upper part by a partition wall 3, and are respectively formed as a molten salt bath 7a on the anode dissolution side and a molten salt bath 7b on the electrodeposition recovery side, but the lower part thereof is connected. The molten metal electrodes 8 are stored together.
溶融塩浴７ａおよび７ｂには塩化リチウムと塩化カリウ
ムとの（５９：４１重量比）共融混合物が使用され、ま
た、溶融金属電極８には金属カドミウムが使用された。A eutectic mixture of lithium chloride and potassium chloride (59:41 weight ratio) was used for the molten salt baths 7a and 7b, and metallic cadmium was used for the molten metal electrode 8.
精製しようとする原料金属５として使用されたものは、
模擬使用済み金属原子燃料（組成：ウラン〉９８％）約
１ｋｇであり、これを筒状容器６に入れて、前記電解槽
２の左室４ａ側の陽極溶解側の溶融塩浴７ａ中に浸漬さ
せた。該左室４ａの底部には該陽極溶解側の溶融塩浴７
ａに接して溶融金属電極８が配設されている。この溶融
金属型−１２＝
極８は電解槽２の底部に一つにして貯えられており、隔
壁３にて区切られていないので、電解槽２の各室４ａｓ
４ｂを自由に流動可能に形成されている。The material used as the raw material metal 5 to be refined is
Approximately 1 kg of simulated spent metal nuclear fuel (composition: uranium>98%) is placed in a cylindrical container 6 and immersed in a molten salt bath 7a on the anode melting side of the left chamber 4a of the electrolytic cell 2. I let it happen. A molten salt bath 7 on the anode dissolution side is provided at the bottom of the left ventricle 4a.
A molten metal electrode 8 is disposed in contact with a. This molten metal type -12= electrode 8 is stored together at the bottom of the electrolytic cell 2 and is not separated by the partition wall 3, so each chamber 4as of the electrolytic cell 2
4b is formed to be able to flow freely.
この溶融金属電極８と前記筒状容器６とはライン９ａの
導線により接続されており、両者の間には電圧印加装置
１０ａ及び電解型、流検出装置１３ａが配設されている
。また、該電圧印加装置１０ａと電解電流検出装置１３
ａとの間には制御装置１６が配設されてライン１４ａ、
１５ａの導線により接続されている。 ゛前
記溶融金属電極８と前記筒状容器６との間に１ボルト程
度の適当な電圧を印加させると、原料金属５より原子燃
料成分（主としてウラニウム）が左室４ａ側の溶融塩浴
７ａ中に溶出され、更に溶融金属電極８中に溶解される
。This molten metal electrode 8 and the cylindrical container 6 are connected by a conducting wire of a line 9a, and a voltage application device 10a and an electrolytic type/flow detection device 13a are arranged between the two. Moreover, the voltage application device 10a and the electrolytic current detection device 13
A control device 16 is disposed between the lines 14a,
They are connected by a conductive wire 15a.゛When a suitable voltage of about 1 volt is applied between the molten metal electrode 8 and the cylindrical container 6, nuclear fuel components (mainly uranium) are transferred from the raw metal 5 into the molten salt bath 7a on the left ventricle 4a side. and further dissolved into the molten metal electrode 8.
一方、電解槽２の右室４ｂ側の溶融塩浴７ｂ中には耐塩
性金属（鉄等）の円筒からなる陰極１１が浸漬されてお
り、該右室４ｂの底部には該電析回収側溶融塩浴７ｂに
接触して溶融金属電極８が配設されている。On the other hand, a cathode 11 made of a cylindrical salt-resistant metal (iron, etc.) is immersed in the molten salt bath 7b on the right chamber 4b side of the electrolytic cell 2, and the electrodeposition collection side A molten metal electrode 8 is arranged in contact with the molten salt bath 7b.
この溶融金属陽極８と前記陰極１１とはライン９ｂの導
線により接続されており、両者の間には電圧印加装置１
０ｂ及び電解電流検出装置１３ｂが配設されている。ま
た、該電圧印加装置１０ｂと電解電流検出装置１３ｂと
の間には前記制御装置１６がライン１４ｂ、１５ｂの導
線により接続されている。The molten metal anode 8 and the cathode 11 are connected by a conductor line 9b, and a voltage application device 1 is connected between them.
0b and an electrolytic current detection device 13b are provided. Further, the control device 16 is connected between the voltage application device 10b and the electrolytic current detection device 13b by conducting wires of lines 14b and 15b.
前記溶融金属電極８と前記陰極１１との間に、前記電解
電流検出装置１３ａにより測定された原料金属の陽極溶
解に要した電流間約１５Ａと実質的に同じ量の電流、量
が流れるように制御装置１６を制御して、両電解電流検
出装置１３ａ、１３ｂの電流量を一致せしめるようにＩ
Ｖ程度の電圧を電圧印加装置１０ｂに印加せしめると、
溶融金属陽極８中の原子燃料成分が溶融塩浴７ｂ中に溶
出して陰極１１上に析出されて、精製金属１２として回
収された。Between the molten metal electrode 8 and the cathode 11, a current of substantially the same amount as approximately 15 A required for anodic melting of the raw metal as measured by the electrolytic current detection device 13a flows. I controls the control device 16 to match the current amounts of both electrolytic current detection devices 13a and 13b.
When a voltage of about V is applied to the voltage application device 10b,
The nuclear fuel component in the molten metal anode 8 was eluted into the molten salt bath 7b, deposited on the cathode 11, and recovered as refined metal 12.
このような溶融塩電解精製装置１を用いた金属の電解精
製は、電解槽２内の金属濃度の調整操作を行なうこと無
く、無人運転操業を連続して時間操作することかできた
。The electrolytic refining of metal using such a molten salt electrolytic refining apparatus 1 was capable of continuous unmanned operation for a period of time without adjusting the metal concentration in the electrolytic cell 2.
本発明の溶融塩電解精製方法及び多槽式溶融塩電解精製
装置を用いて電解精製すれば、電解槽内の金属濃度の調
整操作を行なうこと無く、長時間、操作できるので、長
時間にわたる無人運転操業が可能となり、従来の溶融塩
電解精製方法及び二槽式溶融塩電解精製装置を用いて操
作する方法に比べて操業率の向上は勿論、人手による操
作の機会を減少させることにより、使用済み原子炉燃料
の処理に係わる安全性の向上をも期待できる。If electrolytic refining is performed using the molten salt electrolytic refining method and the multi-vessel molten salt electrolytic refining apparatus of the present invention, it can be operated for a long time without adjusting the metal concentration in the electrolytic tank, so it can be operated unattended for a long time. This enables operational operation, which not only improves the operating rate compared to the conventional molten salt electrolytic refining method and the method using a two-tank molten salt electrolytic refining device, but also reduces the opportunity for manual operation. It can also be expected to improve safety in processing spent nuclear reactor fuel.
第１図は本発明実施例の溶融金属電極を共有する二槽式
溶融塩電解精製装置の縦断面図であり、第２図は従来の
溶融金属電極を共有する二槽式溶、 融塩電解精製装置
の縦断面図である。
１：溶融塩電解精製装置
２；電解槽 ３：隔壁
４ａ：左室 ４ｂ：右室５：原料金属
６：筒状容器７ａ：陽極溶解側の溶融塩浴
７ｂ：電析回収側の溶融塩浴
７Ｃ：液面
８：溶融金属電極
９ａニライン ９ｂニライン１０ａ：電圧
印加装置
１０ｂ：電圧印加装置
１１：陰極 １２：精製金属１３ａ：電
解電流検出装置
１３ｂ：電解電流検出装置
１４ａニライン １４ｂニライン１５ａニラ
イン １５ｂニライン１６：制御装置
出願人代理人 佐 藤 −、雄Fig. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a two-vessel type molten salt electrolytic refining apparatus sharing a molten metal electrode according to an embodiment of the present invention, and Fig. 2 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a two-vessel type molten salt electrolytic refining apparatus sharing a molten metal electrode according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the purification device. 1: Molten salt electrolytic refining device 2; Electrolytic cell 3: Partition wall 4a: Left chamber 4b: Right chamber 5: Raw metal
6: Cylindrical container 7a: Molten salt bath on the anode dissolution side 7b: Molten salt bath on the electrodeposition recovery side 7C: Liquid level 8: Molten metal electrode 9a Ni line 9b Ni line 10a: Voltage application device 10b: Voltage application device 11: Cathode 12: Refined metal 13a: Electrolytic current detection device 13b: Electrolytic current detection device 14a Niline 14b Niline 15a Niline 15b Niline 16: Control device applicant agent Sato -, male
Claims (1)
いて金属を電解させて精製する溶融塩電解精製方法にお
いて、該電解精製を原料金属の陽極溶解に必要とする電
流と、精製金属を陰極に電析させて回収するのに必要と
する電流とを実質的に一致せしめて行なうことを特徴と
する溶融塩電解精製方法。 ２、下部に溶融金属電極を収容し、上部に溶融塩浴を収
容するために、上部を隔壁にて区切り、下部を連通させ
て形成した各室を備える多槽式電解槽と、該各室にそれ
ぞれ配設した、原料金属を溶融塩浴に浸漬させて吊持す
るための吊持器具及び陰極と、該吊持器具と溶融金属電
極との間並びに該溶融金層電極と前記陰極との間を結ぶ
ライン中にそれぞれ配設した電圧印加装置とから構成さ
れる溶融塩電解装置において、前記吊持器具と電圧印加
装置と溶融金属電極とを結ぶライン並びに前記陰極と電
圧印加装置と溶融金属電極とを結ぶライン中にそれぞれ
電解電流検出装置を配設し、これら両電解電流検出装置
により測定された原料金属の陽極溶解に要した電流量と
、精製金属を陰極に電析させて回収するのに要した電流
量とを検出して、この検出値によって前記電圧印加装置
を制御させて両者の電流量を実質的に一致せしめるため
の制御装置を配設してなることを特徴とする溶融塩電解
精製装置。 ３、電圧印加装置を制御する制御装置が、溶融塩電解装
置の各室の電解電流量を実質的に一致せしめるための所
定のプログラムを備えたものである請求項２に記載の溶
融塩電解精製装置。 ４、陰極を昇降自在に形成するか、或いは、溶融塩浴の
液面の高さを調節自在に形成して、電極の溶融塩浴への
浸漬表面積を変化させて、電極電圧を大幅に変えること
なく電極電流を制御する請求項２又は３に記載の溶融塩
電解精製装置。[Claims] 1. In a molten salt electrolytic refining method in which metal is electrolyzed and purified using a multi-vessel molten salt electrolyzer that shares a molten metal electrode, the electrolytic refining is necessary for anodic melting of raw metal. A molten salt electrolytic refining method characterized in that the current required for electrodepositing refined metal on a cathode and the current required for recovering the refined metal are substantially the same. 2. A multi-vessel electrolytic cell comprising chambers formed by dividing the upper part with a partition wall and communicating the lower part in order to accommodate a molten metal electrode in the lower part and a molten salt bath in the upper part, and each chamber. a suspension device and a cathode for suspending raw metal immersed in a molten salt bath, respectively disposed between the suspension device and the molten metal electrode, and between the molten gold layer electrode and the cathode. In a molten salt electrolyzer comprising a voltage application device disposed in a line connecting each line, the line connects the suspension device, the voltage application device, and the molten metal electrode, and the cathode, the voltage application device, and the molten metal electrode. An electrolysis current detection device is installed in each line connecting the electrodes, and the amount of current required for anodic melting of the raw metal measured by these two electrolysis current detection devices and the amount of current required for anodic melting of the raw metal and the refined metal are electrodeposited on the cathode and recovered. The method further comprises a control device for detecting the amount of current required for melting and controlling the voltage applying device based on the detected value so that the amounts of current for both of the two substantially match. Salt electrolytic purification equipment. 3. Molten salt electrolytic refining according to claim 2, wherein the control device that controls the voltage application device is equipped with a predetermined program for substantially matching the amount of electrolytic current in each chamber of the molten salt electrolysis device. Device. 4. Form the cathode so that it can be raised and lowered, or adjust the height of the liquid level of the molten salt bath to change the surface area of the electrode immersed in the molten salt bath, thereby significantly changing the electrode voltage. The molten salt electrolytic refining device according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the electrode current is controlled without any interference.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2321918A JPH04191697A (en) | 1990-11-26 | 1990-11-26 | Electrolysis refinement of molten salt and apparatus thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2321918A JPH04191697A (en) | 1990-11-26 | 1990-11-26 | Electrolysis refinement of molten salt and apparatus thereof |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH04191697A true JPH04191697A (en) | 1992-07-09 |
Family
ID=18137865
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2321918A Pending JPH04191697A (en) | 1990-11-26 | 1990-11-26 | Electrolysis refinement of molten salt and apparatus thereof |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH04191697A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2008067697A (en) * | 2006-08-16 | 2008-03-27 | Nippon Flour Mills Co Ltd | Method for modifying wheat flour or wheat flour dough and apparatus therefor |
| JP2009045020A (en) * | 2007-08-21 | 2009-03-05 | Nippon Flour Mills Co Ltd | Method for modifying wheat flour or wheat flour dough, and apparatus |
| JP2009207436A (en) * | 2008-03-05 | 2009-09-17 | Nippon Flour Mills Co Ltd | Method and apparatus for modifying wheat flour or wheat flour dough |
-
1990
- 1990-11-26 JP JP2321918A patent/JPH04191697A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2008067697A (en) * | 2006-08-16 | 2008-03-27 | Nippon Flour Mills Co Ltd | Method for modifying wheat flour or wheat flour dough and apparatus therefor |
| JP2009045020A (en) * | 2007-08-21 | 2009-03-05 | Nippon Flour Mills Co Ltd | Method for modifying wheat flour or wheat flour dough, and apparatus |
| JP2009207436A (en) * | 2008-03-05 | 2009-09-17 | Nippon Flour Mills Co Ltd | Method and apparatus for modifying wheat flour or wheat flour dough |
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