JPH04191419A - Liquid air gas turbine - Google Patents
Liquid air gas turbineInfo
- Publication number
- JPH04191419A JPH04191419A JP32411590A JP32411590A JPH04191419A JP H04191419 A JPH04191419 A JP H04191419A JP 32411590 A JP32411590 A JP 32411590A JP 32411590 A JP32411590 A JP 32411590A JP H04191419 A JPH04191419 A JP H04191419A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- power
- air
- gas turbine
- liquid air
- generated
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003303 reheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
（イ）産業上の利用分野
ピーク時の電力不足に対応して、コンパクトに効率よく
ピーク電力を供給するピーク発電所、地域暖冷房に適し
たコジェネシステムである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (a) Industrial Application Field This is a cogeneration system suitable for a peak power plant and district heating and cooling that efficiently supplies peak power in a compact manner in response to power shortages during peak times.
（ロ）従来の技術
ピーク発電用としては、普通のガスタービンや揚水発電
所などがある。普通のガスタービンは簡便であるが、効
率が悪く、あまり普及していない。一方揚水発電所は深
夜電力を貯蔵するものであり、実用的な大規模電力貯蔵
法として優れている。これにより発電能力の増強のみな
らず、負荷の均一化による発電効率の上昇が計られてい
る。(b) Conventional technology For peak power generation, there are ordinary gas turbines and pumped storage power plants. Ordinary gas turbines are simple but inefficient and are not widely used. On the other hand, pumped storage power plants store electricity late at night and are excellent as a practical large-scale electricity storage method. This not only increases power generation capacity, but also increases power generation efficiency by equalizing the load.
またガスタービンでも、深夜電力を利用して圧縮空気を
製造貯蔵し、これを昼間ピーク時に利用して、深夜電力
の有効利用と、昼間ピーク発電の効率、見かけ上である
が、の上昇を計るプラントが海外で設置され始めた。In addition, with gas turbines, compressed air is produced and stored using late-night electricity, and this is used during daytime peak hours to effectively utilize late-night electricity and increase the efficiency of daytime peak power generation, although this may seem to be the case. Plants began to be installed overseas.
（ハ）発明が解決しようとする問題点
揚水発電所は水力であり、環境問題がなく望ましいが、
適地が、だんだん少なく、広大な土地を要し、補償その
たに多くの時間と費用が必要である。また、これは電力
を蓄えるだけで、発生は零であり、損失分だけマイナス
となる。(c) Problems that the invention aims to solve Pumped storage power plants are hydroelectric and are desirable because they do not cause environmental problems, but
Suitable land is becoming increasingly scarce, requiring vast amounts of land, and compensation requires a lot of time and money. Moreover, this only stores electric power, and the generation is zero, and the loss is negative.
深夜電力によって圧縮空気を貯蔵するガスタービンは、
日本では地盤が悪く、海外のようここ地盤のよい、鉱山
の廃坑の利用の適地が少なく、また高圧で貯蔵し、使用
時に一定圧に減圧する損失の多い方法を避けるためには
、ヘッド用の大量の加圧水で一定圧とすることが必要で
、日本でも計画されているが、実現までには色々問題が
あるのではなかろうかつぎにコジェネは近年発達したが
、深夜電力を利用して、炭酸ガス問題のない水力や原子
力を、少しでも増加して、環境対策に役立てるようにな
っていない。A gas turbine that stores compressed air using late-night electricity is
In Japan, the ground is poor, while in other countries, where the ground is good, there are few suitable sites for the use of abandoned mine shafts.In addition, in order to avoid the lossy method of storing at high pressure and reducing the pressure to a constant pressure during use, it is necessary to It is necessary to maintain a constant pressure with a large amount of pressurized water, and there are plans to do so in Japan, but there will probably be many problems before it becomes a reality.Cogeneration, which has developed in recent years, uses late-night electricity to produce carbon dioxide. Hydropower and nuclear power, which do not have gas problems, have not been increased even slightly to make them useful for environmental measures.
（ニ）問題を解決するための手段
本発明を図面によって説明すると、第１図において、こ
れは全体系統図であって、１はガスタービンのエキスパ
ンダーである。(d) Means for Solving the Problems The present invention will be explained with reference to the drawings. Fig. 1 is an overall system diagram, and numeral 1 indicates an expander of a gas turbine.
ただし、この場合はコンプレ・ンサーを必要とせず、燃
焼室とエキスパンダー１より成っている。２は燃焼室で
ある。３は発電機である。４は燃料配管である。５は高
圧空気配管である。６は空気予熱機であり、エキスパン
ダー１の排カスと熱交換して加熱する。７は液体空気タ
ンクであり、極低温の断熱構造で、ＬＮＧタンクと同様
な構造とする。However, in this case, there is no need for a compressor, and the engine consists of a combustion chamber and an expander 1. 2 is a combustion chamber. 3 is a generator. 4 is a fuel pipe. 5 is a high pressure air pipe. 6 is an air preheater, which exchanges heat with waste waste from the expander 1 to heat it. 7 is a liquid air tank, which has a cryogenically insulated structure similar to that of an LNG tank.
８は加圧ポンプであり、圧力を百気圧以上に上昇する。8 is a pressure pump that increases the pressure to over 100 atmospheres.
９は蒸発器であり、熱交換によって、液体空気を蒸発せ
しめ気体化する。Reference numeral 9 denotes an evaporator, which evaporates and gasifies liquid air by heat exchange.
１０は空気液化装置であって、深夜電力を利用して、空
気を液化する。１１は冷熱蓄熱槽であって、蒸発器９で
発生する冷熱を蓄えるものである。これは砕石やセラミ
ック、煉瓦の成型品などで構成する。１２は温熱蓄熱槽
であり、空気液化装置１０でコンプレッサーの作動で発
生する熱を蓄える。これは温水槽などで構成する。10 is an air liquefaction device that liquefies air using late-night electricity. Reference numeral 11 denotes a cold heat storage tank, which stores the cold heat generated in the evaporator 9. This will consist of crushed stone, ceramics, and molded bricks. Reference numeral 12 denotes a thermal storage tank, which stores heat generated by the operation of the compressor in the air liquefaction device 10. This consists of a hot water tank, etc.
（ホ）作用
普通力゛スタービンはエキスパンダーとコンプレッサー
より成立し、高温圧力ガスがエキスパンダーで膨張して
発生する動力の内、約６０％が、同軸で駆動されるコン
プレッサーに消費され、残りの約４０％が有効出力とし
て出てくるのである。(e) Normal operating power: The turbine is made up of an expander and a compressor. Of the power generated when high-temperature gas expands in the expander, approximately 60% is consumed by the compressor driven coaxially, and the remaining approximately 40% is consumed by the compressor, which is driven coaxially. % comes out as effective output.
このためコンプレッサーの動力削減がカスタービンの効
率改善の鍵となっている。Therefore, reducing the power of the compressor is the key to improving the efficiency of the cast turbine.
深夜電力を利用して圧縮空気を製造して、これを鉱山の
廃坑に蓄えて、昼間ピーク時にカスタービンの燃焼空気
とし・で利用するシステムでは、昼間のピーク時に限定
すると、コンプレッサーの動力が不要で、発電効率が７
０％程度の高い値となる。In a system that uses late-night electricity to produce compressed air, stores it in an abandoned mine shaft, and uses it as combustion air for the Kasturbine during the daytime peak hours, compressor power is not required during the daytime peak hours. So, the power generation efficiency is 7
The value is as high as 0%.
ただし、この時は燃焼室２に一定の規定圧で供給するた
め、この規定圧より相当高く蓄圧して、使用時に一定圧
に減圧する、損失の多い方法によるか、または別の海水
や河川、湖沼水などの水柱により、規定圧に加圧する大
規模で厄介な方法となる。However, in this case, in order to supply the combustion chamber 2 at a constant specified pressure, it is necessary to accumulate the pressure considerably higher than this specified pressure and reduce the pressure to a constant pressure during use, which is a method with high loss, or to use another method such as seawater, rivers, etc. This is a large-scale and cumbersome method of pressurizing a water column, such as lake water, to a specified pressure.
本発明では、空気を液化するので、その体積は、大気圧
の空気の数百分の一程度となり、加圧は必要なく、−１
６３°Ｃの極低温の近年発達したＬＮＧタンクを、その
まま利用出来る。第１図の液体空気タンク７が、これで
ある。In the present invention, since the air is liquefied, its volume is approximately one hundredth of that of air at atmospheric pressure, and there is no need for pressurization.
LNG tanks, which have been developed in recent years and have a cryogenic temperature of 63°C, can be used as is. This is the liquid air tank 7 shown in FIG.
つぎに液体空気の昇圧はタービンポンプで可能で、コン
プレッサーと異なり、小動力で効率よく高圧まで加圧で
きる。これは液体で高密度、小体積であるためで、加圧
ポンプ８で示される。Next, the pressure of liquid air can be increased using a turbine pump, which, unlike a compressor, can efficiently increase the pressure to high pressure with a small amount of power. This is because it is a liquid with high density and small volume, and is indicated by a pressurizing pump 8.
このため普通のガスタービンでは、コンプレッサーでの
昇圧はｌＯ気圧程度であり、試験的な特殊なもので、３
０気圧程度であるが、本発明では１００気圧以上に効率
よく昇圧できて、ガスタービンのエキスパンダー１で、
充分に膨張できて、低温まで動力化され、空気液化の動
力を別途とすれは、８０％程度の発電効率まで可能性が
ある。For this reason, in a normal gas turbine, the pressure increase in the compressor is about 10 atmospheres, and this is a special experimental type.
Although the pressure is approximately 0 atm, the present invention can efficiently increase the pressure to over 100 atm, and the expander 1 of the gas turbine can
If it can be expanded sufficiently, powered down to low temperatures, and separately powered for air liquefaction, it is possible to achieve a power generation efficiency of about 80%.
また百気圧以上の圧力のため、再熱サイクルも有利に利
用され、効率上昇に役立てられる。さらに液体空気の蒸
発器９は熱交換器であり、循環空気などの２次媒体によ
り、冷熱蓄熱槽１１と熱交換して、液体空気を蒸発せし
め、冷熱蓄熱槽１１の温度を下げ、冷熱が蓄積される。Furthermore, since the pressure is over 100 atmospheres, reheating cycles are also advantageously used to increase efficiency. Further, the liquid air evaporator 9 is a heat exchanger, which exchanges heat with the cold heat storage tank 11 using a secondary medium such as circulating air, evaporates the liquid air, lowers the temperature of the cold heat storage tank 11, and cools the cold heat storage tank 11. Accumulated.
この冷熱は、空気液化装置１０の吸入空気の予冷に使用
できて、コンプレッサーの動力消費を減じ、液体空気製
造の電力原単位を低下せしめられる。また立地条件によ
っては、ＬＮＧの冷熱を空気液化に利用して、電力消費
を減する可能性もある。This cold energy can be used to pre-cool the intake air of the air liquefaction device 10, reducing the power consumption of the compressor and lowering the power consumption rate for liquid air production. Depending on the location, the cold energy of LNG may also be used to liquefy air, reducing power consumption.
さらに余剰の冷熱は地域冷房に活用でき、本発明は地域
冷房のコジェネプラントに適している。Furthermore, surplus cooling energy can be utilized for district cooling, and the present invention is suitable for a cogeneration plant for district cooling.
また空気液化装置１０のコンプレッサーの圧縮廃熱を蓄
える温熱蓄熱槽１２の熱やエキスパンダー１の廃熱など
も、やはり地域暖房の給湯、暖房用に利用でき、冷熱と
相持って地域暖冷房のコジェネプラントとして適性があ
るのではなかろうか。In addition, the heat of the thermal storage tank 12 that stores the compressed waste heat of the compressor of the air liquefaction device 10 and the waste heat of the expander 1 can also be used for hot water supply and space heating for district heating, and together with cold energy, they can be used to co-generate district heating and cooling. I think it might be suitable as a plant.
なお空気液化を少し進めると、酸素液化プラントとなる
ので、本発明も、液体酸素利用のものとなり、その容積
が１ノ５程度に小さくなり、液体空気タンク７の大きさ
が、大幅に縮小できる。ただし燃焼温度が上がりすぎる
ので温度調整のため水噴射を必要とする。Note that if air liquefaction is advanced a little, it becomes an oxygen liquefaction plant, so the present invention also uses liquid oxygen, and the volume is reduced to about 1 to 5, and the size of the liquid air tank 7 can be significantly reduced. . However, since the combustion temperature rises too much, water injection is required to adjust the temperature.
このため作動ガスは炭酸カスと水蒸気の混合ガスとなる
。Therefore, the working gas becomes a mixed gas of carbon dioxide scum and water vapor.
（へ）発明の効果
深夜電力が活用され、深夜電力が原子力、水力など、非
化石エネルギーによるものが多いとすれは、炭酸ガスに
関係しないものであり、これによって昼間ピークの電力
が、高効率に発生できて、炭酸ガス問題に有利である本
発明は鉱山の廃坑のあるような地方ではなく、都心に立
地できるので、コジェネプラントとして適している。さ
らに廃温熱のみならず、廃冷熱が地域暖冷房に活用され
、冷房用の冷凍機も不要となる長所がある。(f) Effects of the invention If late-night electricity is utilized and most of the late-night electricity comes from non-fossil energy sources such as nuclear power and hydropower, this is not related to carbon dioxide gas, and as a result, daytime peak electricity can be used with high efficiency. The present invention, which is advantageous in solving the carbon dioxide problem, is suitable as a cogeneration plant because it can be located in the city center rather than in rural areas where there are abandoned mine shafts. Furthermore, not only waste heat but also waste cold energy is utilized for district heating and cooling, which has the advantage of eliminating the need for a refrigerator for cooling.
第１図は全体系統図、１はカスタービンのエキスパンダ
ー、７は液体空気タンク、１０は空気液化装置である。FIG. 1 is an overall system diagram, where 1 is an expander of a cast turbine, 7 is a liquid air tank, and 10 is an air liquefier.
Claims (1)
蔵し、昼間に、これをポンプにより高圧に昇圧して後に
、気化せしめてガスタービン燃焼室に導き、これに燃料
を噴射して燃焼せしめ、高温高圧ガスを得て、ガスター
ビンエキスパンダーで膨張せしめて動力を発生する、液
体空気ガスタービン。Liquid air or liquid oxygen is produced and stored using electricity late at night, and during the day, it is boosted to high pressure by a pump, then vaporized and introduced into the gas turbine combustion chamber, where it is injected with fuel and combusted. A liquid air gas turbine that generates power by obtaining high-temperature, high-pressure gas and expanding it in a gas turbine expander.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP32411590A JPH04191419A (en) | 1990-11-26 | 1990-11-26 | Liquid air gas turbine |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP32411590A JPH04191419A (en) | 1990-11-26 | 1990-11-26 | Liquid air gas turbine |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH04191419A true JPH04191419A (en) | 1992-07-09 |
Family
ID=18162324
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP32411590A Pending JPH04191419A (en) | 1990-11-26 | 1990-11-26 | Liquid air gas turbine |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH04191419A (en) |
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH07198144A (en) * | 1993-12-30 | 1995-08-01 | Kawasaki Heavy Ind Ltd | Device for producing high-temperature high-pressure gas for driving turbine |
| US6920759B2 (en) | 1996-12-24 | 2005-07-26 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Cold heat reused air liquefaction/vaporization and storage gas turbine electric power system |
| CN101865033A (en) * | 2009-01-05 | 2010-10-20 | 通用电气公司 | Method for expanding compressor discharge bleed air |
| EP2397668A2 (en) | 2010-06-17 | 2011-12-21 | Air Products and Chemicals, Inc. | Method and system for periodic cooling, storing, and heating of atmospheric gas |
| EP2397669A2 (en) | 2010-06-17 | 2011-12-21 | Air Products and Chemicals, Inc. | Method and system for periodic cooling, storing and heating with multiple regenerators |
| WO2012047572A2 (en) | 2010-09-27 | 2012-04-12 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Method and system to produce electric power |
| JP2018168745A (en) * | 2017-03-29 | 2018-11-01 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | Compressed air storage power generation device |
| JP2018168746A (en) * | 2017-03-29 | 2018-11-01 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | Compressed air storage power generation device |
-
1990
- 1990-11-26 JP JP32411590A patent/JPH04191419A/en active Pending
Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH07198144A (en) * | 1993-12-30 | 1995-08-01 | Kawasaki Heavy Ind Ltd | Device for producing high-temperature high-pressure gas for driving turbine |
| US6920759B2 (en) | 1996-12-24 | 2005-07-26 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Cold heat reused air liquefaction/vaporization and storage gas turbine electric power system |
| CN101865033A (en) * | 2009-01-05 | 2010-10-20 | 通用电气公司 | Method for expanding compressor discharge bleed air |
| EP2397668A2 (en) | 2010-06-17 | 2011-12-21 | Air Products and Chemicals, Inc. | Method and system for periodic cooling, storing, and heating of atmospheric gas |
| EP2397669A2 (en) | 2010-06-17 | 2011-12-21 | Air Products and Chemicals, Inc. | Method and system for periodic cooling, storing and heating with multiple regenerators |
| WO2012047572A2 (en) | 2010-09-27 | 2012-04-12 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Method and system to produce electric power |
| JP2018168745A (en) * | 2017-03-29 | 2018-11-01 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | Compressed air storage power generation device |
| JP2018168746A (en) * | 2017-03-29 | 2018-11-01 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | Compressed air storage power generation device |
| CN110462181A (en) * | 2017-03-29 | 2019-11-15 | 株式会社神户制钢所 | Compressed-air energy storage power generator |
| US10794279B2 (en) | 2017-03-29 | 2020-10-06 | Kobe Steel, Ltd. | Compressed air energy storage power generation device |
| US10954852B2 (en) | 2017-03-29 | 2021-03-23 | Kobe Steel, Ltd. | Compressed air energy storage power generation device |
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