JPH0417988A - Cladding by laser welding method - Google Patents
Cladding by laser welding methodInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0417988A JPH0417988A JP2117457A JP11745790A JPH0417988A JP H0417988 A JPH0417988 A JP H0417988A JP 2117457 A JP2117457 A JP 2117457A JP 11745790 A JP11745790 A JP 11745790A JP H0417988 A JPH0417988 A JP H0417988A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- cladding
- laser
- welding
- laser beam
- layer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 title abstract description 18
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 title abstract 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 11
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012255 powdered metal Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 abstract description 13
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910001347 Stellite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- AHICWQREWHDHHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium;cobalt;iron;manganese;methane;molybdenum;nickel;silicon;tungsten Chemical compound C.[Si].[Cr].[Mn].[Fe].[Co].[Ni].[Mo].[W] AHICWQREWHDHHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010894 electron beam technology Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001119 inconels 625 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001465 metallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
［発明の目的コ
（産業上の利用分野）
本発明は、レーザ光による肉盛加工方法に関するもので
ある。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Objective of the Invention (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to a method of overlaying using a laser beam.
（従来の技術）
近年、基材表面に金属材料を肉盛加工して基材表面を改
質する方法が広〈実施されており、最近ては熱源として
レーザ光を利用した肉盛加工も多用されている。(Conventional technology) In recent years, methods of modifying the surface of a base material by overlaying a metal material on the surface of the base material have been widely practiced, and recently overlay processing using laser light as a heat source has also been frequently used. has been done.
このようなレーザ光による肉盛加工は、レーザ発振器か
らレーザ光を発振させ、このレーザ光を集光レンズで集
束して肉盛加工する基材の表面つまり被加工物に照射す
る一方、粉末状の金属材料を被加工物のレーザ照射部に
供給し、供給された金属材料をレーザ光で溶融させて肉
盛層を形成する方法である。In this type of overlay processing using a laser beam, a laser beam is emitted from a laser oscillator, and this laser beam is focused by a condenser lens and irradiated onto the surface of the base material to be overlaid, that is, the workpiece. In this method, a metal material is supplied to a laser irradiation part of a workpiece, and the supplied metal material is melted by laser light to form a built-up layer.
ところで、このようなレーザ光による肉盛加工に用いら
れる金属材料としては、例えば耐酸化性に優れたステラ
イト＃６等のＣｏ基合金やインコネル６２５等のＮｉ基
合金などが使用される場合が多い。このため、肉盛終了
時にレーザ光の照射を停止すると、肉盛終了点における
肉盛層が急激に冷却され、凝固過程において大きな引張
応力が肉盛層に生じ、クレータ割れの発生要因となって
いた。By the way, as the metal material used for such overlay processing using laser light, for example, Co-based alloys such as Stellite #6, which have excellent oxidation resistance, and Ni-based alloys, such as Inconel 625, are often used. . For this reason, if the laser beam irradiation is stopped at the end of the build-up, the build-up layer at the end point of the build-up will be rapidly cooled, and a large tensile stress will be generated in the build-up layer during the solidification process, which will cause crater cracks to occur. Ta.
（発明が解決しようとする課題）
そこで、クレータ割れの発生しやすい材料の電子ビーム
溶接やレーザ溶接では、溶接終了直前に出力を低下させ
、溶接速度を大きくしてクレータ割れを防止しているが
、レーザ光による肉盛加工では溶接終了直前にレーザ出
力を低下させ、加工速度を大きくすると肉盛層の冷却速
度かさらに増大し、クレータ割れが発生しやすくなると
いう問題があった。(Problem to be solved by the invention) Therefore, in electron beam welding or laser welding of materials that are prone to crater cracking, crater cracking is prevented by reducing the output just before the welding ends and increasing the welding speed. In build-up processing using a laser beam, there is a problem in that when the laser output is lowered just before the end of welding and the processing speed is increased, the cooling rate of the build-up layer further increases, making crater cracks more likely to occur.
本発明は、このような問題点に鑑みてなされたもので、
その目的は肉盛終了点における肉盛層のクレータ割れを
防止でき、欠陥のない高品質の肉盛層を形成する−こと
のできるレーザ肉盛加工方法を提供しようとするもので
ある。The present invention was made in view of these problems, and
The purpose is to provide a laser overlay processing method that can prevent crater cracking of the overlay layer at the end point of overlay and form a defect-free high quality overlay layer.
［発明の構成］
（課題を解決するための手段）
上記課題を解決するために本発明は、レーザ発振器より
発振されたレーザ光を集束して被加工物に照射するとと
もに、上記被加工物のレーザ照射部に粉末状の金属材料
を供給して肉盛層を形成するレーザ肉盛加工方法におい
て、前記レーザ光による肉盛加工の終了直前に、前記レ
ーザ発振器のレーザ出力、前記レーザ光のビーム径およ
び前記金属材料の供給量を減少させるものである。[Structure of the Invention] (Means for Solving the Problems) In order to solve the above problems, the present invention focuses laser light emitted from a laser oscillator and irradiates the workpiece, and In a laser overlay processing method in which a powdered metal material is supplied to a laser irradiation section to form a built-up layer, the laser output of the laser oscillator and the beam of the laser beam are adjusted immediately before the end of overlay processing using the laser beam. This reduces the diameter and the supply amount of the metal material.
（作 用）
本発明では、レーザ光による肉盛加工の終了直前にレー
ザ発振器のレーザ出力、レーザ光のビーム径および金属
材料の供給量を減少させることにより、被加工物に照射
されるレーザ光のパワー密度が肉盛層を形成する最小限
のパワー密度まで低下し、肉盛終了点での肉盛層の冷却
速度を小さくできるとともに、肉盛層の内部にブロー等
の欠陥が発生するのを抑制することができる。(Function) In the present invention, by reducing the laser output of the laser oscillator, the beam diameter of the laser beam, and the amount of metal material supplied immediately before the end of the overlay processing using the laser beam, the laser beam irradiated onto the workpiece is reduced. The power density of the overlay is reduced to the minimum power density to form the overlay, which reduces the cooling rate of the overlay at the end of the overlay, and prevents defects such as blows from occurring inside the overlay. can be suppressed.
（実施例）
以下、本発明の一実施例を第１図〜第３図を参照して説
明する。(Example) An example of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3.
第１図はレーザ肉盛加工装置の概略図であり、このレー
ザ肉盛加工装置はレーザ発振器１と、このレーザ発振器
１から発振されたレーザ光２を集束して被加工物３に照
射する集光レンズ４と、上記被加工物３のレーザ照射部
に金属粉末５を供給する金属粉末供給装置６とを備えて
構成されている。FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a laser overlay processing device. This laser overlay processing device includes a laser oscillator 1 and a laser beam 2 emitted from the laser oscillator 1 that is focused and irradiated onto a workpiece 3. It is configured to include an optical lens 4 and a metal powder supply device 6 that supplies metal powder 5 to the laser irradiation section of the workpiece 3.
上記レーザ発振器１は信号線７を介して制御装置８と接
続しており、この制御装置８からの制御信号によりレー
ザ出力を調整できるようになっている。The laser oscillator 1 is connected to a control device 8 via a signal line 7, and the laser output can be adjusted by a control signal from the control device 8.
また、集光レンズ４はレーザ光２の照射方向に移動する
移動装置９に保持されており、この移動装置９により被
加工物３に照射されるレーザ光２のビーム径を調整でき
るようになっている。なお、上記移動装置９は信号線１
０を介して制御装置８に接続しており、レーザ発振器１
と同様に制御装置８からの制御信号により駆動制御され
るようになっている。Further, the condensing lens 4 is held by a moving device 9 that moves in the irradiation direction of the laser beam 2, and the beam diameter of the laser beam 2 irradiated onto the workpiece 3 can be adjusted by this moving device 9. ing. Note that the moving device 9 is connected to the signal line 1.
0 to the control device 8, and the laser oscillator 1
Similarly, the drive is controlled by a control signal from the control device 8.
一方、金属粉末供給装置６は信号線１】を介して制御装
置８に接続されたモータ１２と、このモータ１２により
駆動される金属粉末供給ロール１３とから構成され、上
記モータ１２の回転数を制御装置８で制御することによ
りホッパ１４に収容された金属粉末５の供給量を調整で
きるようになっている。On the other hand, the metal powder supply device 6 is composed of a motor 12 connected to a control device 8 via a signal line 1, and a metal powder supply roll 13 driven by this motor 12. By controlling with the control device 8, the supply amount of the metal powder 5 accommodated in the hopper 14 can be adjusted.
なお、上記被加工物３は一定速度で回転する回転装置１
５に取付けられている。また、上記被加工物３のレーザ
照射部と集光レンズ４との間には、ガス供給装置１６よ
り金属蒸気排除用のガス１７がレザ光２の照射方向と直
交する方向に供給されるようになっている。Note that the workpiece 3 is mounted on a rotating device 1 that rotates at a constant speed.
It is attached to 5. Further, between the laser irradiation part of the workpiece 3 and the condenser lens 4, a gas 17 for removing metal vapor is supplied from the gas supply device 16 in a direction perpendicular to the irradiation direction of the laser light 2. It has become.
次に上記のように構成されるレーザ肉盛加工装置を用い
て被加工物３の周面に肉盛層を形成する方法について説
明する。Next, a method for forming a build-up layer on the circumferential surface of the workpiece 3 using the laser build-up processing apparatus configured as described above will be described.
まず、レーザ発振器１より例えば６〜１ＯｋＷのレーザ
光２を発振させ、集光レンズ４を通して被加工物３にビ
ーム径か６〜２０ｍ ｍのレーザ光２を照射するととも
に、金属粉末供給装置６より被加工物３のレーザ照射部
に所定量（３０〜１００ｇ／ｍ１ｎ）の金属粉末５を供
給しなから回転装置１５により被加工物３を一定速度（
１００〜１５００ｍ ｍ ／ｍ１ｎ）で回転させる。そ
うすると、被加工物３および金属粉末５はレーザ光２の
照射を受けて加熱され、金属粉末５は溶融して被加工物
３の周面に螺旋状の肉盛層１８を形成する。First, a laser beam 2 of, for example, 6 to 10 kW is oscillated from a laser oscillator 1, and the workpiece 3 is irradiated with the laser beam 2 with a beam diameter of 6 to 20 mm through a condenser lens 4. After supplying a predetermined amount (30 to 100 g/m1n) of metal powder 5 to the laser irradiation part of the workpiece 3, the workpiece 3 is rotated at a constant speed (
Rotate at a speed of 100 to 1500 mm/m1n). Then, the workpiece 3 and the metal powder 5 are heated by being irradiated with the laser beam 2, and the metal powder 5 is melted to form a spiral build-up layer 18 on the circumferential surface of the workpiece 3.
このようにして肉盛層１８の形成を終了する直前には、
レーザ発振器１のレーザ出力を０，５〜２ｋＷに落とす
とともに、レーザ光２のビーム径を３〜５ｍｍに絞り、
さらに肉盛層１８の内部にブロー等の欠陥を発生させな
いために金属粉末５の供給量を５〜ｌＯｇ／ｍｉｎに減
少させる（第２図（ａ）〜（ｃ）参照）。そうすると、
被加工物３に照射されるレーザ光２のパワー密度（入熱
量）が第２図（ｄ）に示すように肉盛層１８を形成する
最小限のパワー密度まで低下し、肉盛終了点ての肉盛層
１８の冷却速度を小さくできるとともに、肉盛層１８の
内部にブロー等の欠陥が発生するのを抑制することがで
きる。従って、本発明方法では肉盛終了点における肉盛
層１８のクレータ割れを防止でき、欠陥のない高品質の
肉盛層１８を形成することができる。Immediately before completing the formation of the overlay layer 18 in this way,
The laser output of the laser oscillator 1 is reduced to 0.5 to 2 kW, and the beam diameter of the laser beam 2 is narrowed to 3 to 5 mm.
Further, in order to prevent defects such as blows from occurring inside the built-up layer 18, the supply rate of the metal powder 5 is reduced to 5 to 10 g/min (see FIGS. 2(a) to 2(c)). Then,
The power density (heat input) of the laser beam 2 irradiated onto the workpiece 3 decreases to the minimum power density for forming the overlay layer 18, as shown in FIG. 2(d), and the overlay end point is reached. The cooling rate of the built-up layer 18 can be reduced, and defects such as blows can be suppressed from occurring inside the built-up layer 18. Therefore, in the method of the present invention, crater cracking of the build-up layer 18 at the end point of build-up can be prevented, and a high-quality build-up layer 18 without defects can be formed.
なお、本発明は上記実施例に限定されるものではない。Note that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments.
たとえば上記実施例では棒状の被加工物３に肉盛層１８
を形成する場合について説明したが、第３図に示すよう
に板状の被加工物１９に肉盛層１８を形成するレーザ肉
盛加工装置にも本発明方法を適用することができる。For example, in the above embodiment, the overlay layer 18 is attached to the rod-shaped workpiece 3.
The method of the present invention is also applicable to a laser overlay processing apparatus that forms an overlay layer 18 on a plate-shaped workpiece 19, as shown in FIG.
［発明の効果コ
以上説明したように本発明によれば、肉盛加工の終了直
前にレーザ発振器のレーザ出力、レーザ光のビーム径お
よび金属材料の供給量を減少させるようにしたので、肉
盛終了点における肉盛層のクレータ割れを防止でき、欠
陥のない高品質の肉盛層を形成することができる。[Effects of the Invention] As explained above, according to the present invention, the laser output of the laser oscillator, the beam diameter of the laser beam, and the amount of metal material supplied are reduced immediately before the end of the overlay process, so that the overlay process Crater cracking of the built-up layer at the end point can be prevented, and a high-quality built-up layer without defects can be formed.
第１図〜第３図は本発明方法を説明するための図で、第
１図はレーザ肉盛加工装置の概略図、第２図（ａ）〜（
ｄ）は肉盛加工終了直前のレーザ出力、レーザビーム径
、金属粉末供給量およびレーザ光のパワー密度の変化を
それぞれ示す線図、第３図は板状の被加工物に肉盛層を
形成するためのレーザ肉盛加工装置の概略図である。
１・・・レーザ発振器、２・・・レーザ光、３・・・被
加工物、４・・・集光レンズ、５・・・金属粉末、６・
・・金属粉末供給装置、８・・・制御装置、１５・・・
回転装置、１６・・・ガス供給装置、１８・・・肉盛層
。
藺１
第１図
第２図Figures 1 to 3 are diagrams for explaining the method of the present invention, and Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a laser metal deposition processing device, and Figures 2 (a) to (
d) is a diagram showing the changes in the laser output, laser beam diameter, metal powder supply amount, and laser beam power density just before the end of overlay processing, and Figure 3 shows the formation of an overlay layer on a plate-shaped workpiece. FIG. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Laser oscillator, 2... Laser light, 3... Workpiece, 4... Condensing lens, 5... Metal powder, 6...
...Metal powder supply device, 8...Control device, 15...
Rotating device, 16... Gas supply device, 18... Overlay layer. 1 Figure 1 Figure 2
Claims (1)
物に照射するとともに、上記被加工物のレーザ照射部に
粉末状の金属材料を供給して肉盛層を形成するレーザ肉
盛加工方法において、前記レーザ光による肉盛加工の終
了直前に、前記レーザ発振器のレーザ出力、前記レーザ
光のビーム径および前記金属材料の供給量を減少させる
ことを特徴とするレーザ肉盛加工方法。In a laser overlay processing method, in which a laser beam emitted from a laser oscillator is focused and irradiated onto a workpiece, and a powdered metal material is supplied to a laser irradiated part of the workpiece to form a built-up layer. . A laser overlay processing method, characterized in that immediately before the end of the overlay processing using the laser beam, the laser output of the laser oscillator, the beam diameter of the laser beam, and the supply amount of the metal material are reduced.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2117457A JPH0417988A (en) | 1990-05-09 | 1990-05-09 | Cladding by laser welding method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2117457A JPH0417988A (en) | 1990-05-09 | 1990-05-09 | Cladding by laser welding method |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0417988A true JPH0417988A (en) | 1992-01-22 |
Family
ID=14712145
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2117457A Pending JPH0417988A (en) | 1990-05-09 | 1990-05-09 | Cladding by laser welding method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0417988A (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR100443951B1 (en) * | 2001-12-05 | 2004-08-09 | 학교법인 인하학원 | Supplying device of a mixed powder with high viscosity and method of laser cladding using the same |
| US7091444B2 (en) * | 2003-02-28 | 2006-08-15 | Daimlerchrysler Ag | Process for laser beam welding with reduced formation of end craters |
| EP2213401A1 (en) * | 2009-01-30 | 2010-08-04 | Honeywell International Inc. | Method of deposition of materials with low ductility using solid free-form fabrication and adjustment of energy beam to provide a controlled cooling of the molten feedstock |
| JP2018104769A (en) * | 2016-12-27 | 2018-07-05 | 白光株式会社 | Method for manufacturing tip member of heating tool and tip member of heating tool |
-
1990
- 1990-05-09 JP JP2117457A patent/JPH0417988A/en active Pending
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR100443951B1 (en) * | 2001-12-05 | 2004-08-09 | 학교법인 인하학원 | Supplying device of a mixed powder with high viscosity and method of laser cladding using the same |
| US7091444B2 (en) * | 2003-02-28 | 2006-08-15 | Daimlerchrysler Ag | Process for laser beam welding with reduced formation of end craters |
| EP2213401A1 (en) * | 2009-01-30 | 2010-08-04 | Honeywell International Inc. | Method of deposition of materials with low ductility using solid free-form fabrication and adjustment of energy beam to provide a controlled cooling of the molten feedstock |
| JP2018104769A (en) * | 2016-12-27 | 2018-07-05 | 白光株式会社 | Method for manufacturing tip member of heating tool and tip member of heating tool |
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