JPH04150692A - Automatic exposure control device - Google Patents
Automatic exposure control deviceInfo
- Publication number
- JPH04150692A JPH04150692A JP2276646A JP27664690A JPH04150692A JP H04150692 A JPH04150692 A JP H04150692A JP 2276646 A JP2276646 A JP 2276646A JP 27664690 A JP27664690 A JP 27664690A JP H04150692 A JPH04150692 A JP H04150692A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- skin color
- skin
- exposure
- focus
- color part
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 17
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Color Television Image Signal Generators (AREA)
- Processing Of Color Television Signals (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
［産業上の利用分野コ
本発明は、カラービデオカメラ等に用いられる自動露出
制御装置に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to an automatic exposure control device used in color video cameras and the like.
二従来の技術〕
従来のこの種の自動露出制御装置の例について、その信
号処理ブロックを示す第２図を参照して以下に説明する
。撮影レンズ１を透過した光は絞り２で光量を調定され
た後、レンズ３を経てＣＣＤ等でなる撮像素子４に結像
する。撮像素子４の信号出力はアンプ５で増幅後、検波
回路１２により検波され、この検波出力か一定レベルに
なるよう、すなわちＣＯＤが最適動作点になるように、
絞り２か絞り駆動部１３により駆動される。撮像素子４
が電子シャッター機能付であれば、シャッタースピード
を制御してもよい。2. Prior Art] An example of a conventional automatic exposure control device of this type will be described below with reference to FIG. 2 showing its signal processing block. The amount of light transmitted through the photographic lens 1 is adjusted by an aperture 2, and then passes through a lens 3 and forms an image on an image sensor 4 such as a CCD. The signal output of the image sensor 4 is amplified by the amplifier 5 and then detected by the detection circuit 12. The signal output from the image sensor 4 is amplified by the amplifier 5 and then detected by the detection circuit 12.
The aperture 2 is driven by an aperture drive section 13. Image sensor 4
If the camera has an electronic shutter function, the shutter speed may be controlled.
撮像素子４からの信号出力は、可変利得アンプ６で増幅
後、一方で、撮像素子４に付けた色フィルタによりコー
ディングされた色信号が、色分前回Ｆｐ？Ｉ７において
色分離され、さらに、色信号処理圏ｌ？８８にて色信号
処理され、色差信号１−ＹＢ−Ｙ）になる。また、一方
で、撮像素子４の信号出力の輝度成分は、輝度信号処理
回路１０により輝度信号処理され、エンコータ回Ｆ！＠
９に入力される。前者の色差信号はエンコータ回路９で
平衡変調され、かつ輝度信号と混合されて、複合Ｂ３１
！像信号１４になる。また、′ｎｎ倍信号処理出力検波
回路１１により検波され、可変利得アンプ６に帰還され
、該出力が一定レベルになるよう可変利得アンプ６の利
得調定が行われる。The signal output from the image sensor 4 is amplified by the variable gain amplifier 6, and on the other hand, the color signal coded by the color filter attached to the image sensor 4 is converted to the previous color Fp? The colors are separated in I7, and the color signal processing area l? The color signal is processed at 88 to become a color difference signal (1-YB-Y). On the other hand, the luminance component of the signal output from the image sensor 4 is subjected to luminance signal processing by the luminance signal processing circuit 10, and the encoder times F! @
9 is input. The former color difference signal is balanced modulated in the encoder circuit 9 and mixed with the luminance signal to form a composite B31.
! The image signal becomes 14. Further, it is detected by the 'nn times signal processing output detection circuit 11 and fed back to the variable gain amplifier 6, and the gain of the variable gain amplifier 6 is adjusted so that the output is at a constant level.
殻終的な映像信号レベルは、この可変利得アンプ６によ
り決定されることになる。特に、低照度時は較つ開放に
なっても輝度信号レベルが低くなるので、可変利得アン
プ６のゲインを上げて、輝度信号レベルか一定になるよ
うにする。The final video signal level will be determined by this variable gain amplifier 6. In particular, when the illuminance is low, the brightness signal level will be low even if the opening is relatively wide, so the gain of the variable gain amplifier 6 is increased to keep the brightness signal level constant.
このように、従来では、露出制御を色に着目しては行っ
ておらす、ｎ度信号レベルか一定になるように制御して
いた。In this way, conventionally, exposure control has been performed by focusing on color, and control has been performed so that the n-degree signal level is constant.
上記の他に、自動露出制御装置として、撮影画面内の測
光領域内外の輝度差あるいは高周波成分の差によって被
写***置を検出し、測光領域を自動追尾させるようにし
たものもある（例えば、特開平１−１２０１７８号公報
、特開平１−１２０１８１号公報参照）。In addition to the above, there are automatic exposure control devices that detect the subject position based on the brightness difference inside and outside the photometric area or the difference in high frequency components in the shooting screen, and automatically track the photometric area (for example, 1-120178, JP-A-1-120181).
ところが、上述したいずれの装置においても、被写体と
して何を主体にして撮影するのかまで考慮して露出設定
を行っていないので、人物を主体に撮影する場合など、
不適正な露出レベルになることかある。However, in any of the above-mentioned devices, the exposure settings do not take into consideration the subject to be photographed, so when photographing mainly people, etc.
This may result in inappropriate exposure levels.
ビデオカメラの露出をマニュアル設定するときは、次の
ようにすると好ましい再現を得ることができるとされて
いる。When manually setting the exposure of a video camera, it is said that you can obtain a desirable reproduction by doing the following.
■画面のハイライト部が信号レベル１００ＩＲＥ （Ｉ
ＲＥ ： Ｉｎ５ｔｉｔｕｔｅ ｏｆ ’Ｒａｄｉｏ
Ｅｎｇｉｎｅｅｒｓ）になるようにする。■The highlighted part of the screen has a signal level of 100IRE (I
RE: In5 position of 'Radio
Engineers).
２人物を撮影する場合は、人物の肌色の信号レベルを５
５〜７５ＩＲＥになるようにする。2 When photographing a person, set the signal level of the person's skin color to 5.
Aim for 5 to 75 IRE.
このように主被写体が人物の肌であるがどうがで、適正
露出レベルか変わる。しかるに、従来の露出制御では、
画面の輝度信号レベルが一定になっても、人物の肌の信
号レベルが好ましいレベルになるとは限らない。これは
、特に、逆光時や背景が暗く、人物にスポット光が当た
っている時なと゛に起こる。In this way, even though the main subject is a person's skin, it changes whether the exposure level is appropriate or not. However, with conventional exposure control,
Even if the brightness signal level of the screen becomes constant, the signal level of a person's skin does not necessarily become a desirable level. This especially occurs when the subject is backlit or when the background is dark and a spotlight is shining on the person.
モこで、人物を主体に撮影する場合に適正な露出レベル
を得ることを目的として、肌色部を抽出し、肌色部の信
号レベルを一定レベルにする考え方がある。In order to obtain an appropriate exposure level when photographing mainly people, there is an idea of extracting the skin color part and setting the signal level of the skin color part to a constant level.
二発明が解決しようとする課題〕
ところが、画面内に肌色部があっても必すしも肌色部が
主被写体とは限らないので、肌色部か適正露出になって
ら画像全体としては不適性な場合がある。これは、例え
ば、人物が隅の方に写っている場合や、人物が撮影画面
を横切ったりした場合や、複数の人物がいる場合などに
起こる。[2] Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, even if there is a skin-colored area in the screen, the skin-colored area is not necessarily the main subject, so even if the skin-colored area is properly exposed, the image as a whole may be inappropriate. There is. This occurs, for example, when a person is photographed in a corner, when a person crosses the photographic screen, or when there are multiple people.
また、画面内に人物の肌かあったとしても、撮影者が人
物を主被写体にしないのかどうかによって適正露出が変
わってくる。Furthermore, even if there is a person's skin in the frame, the appropriate exposure will vary depending on whether the photographer is not using the person as the main subject.
本発明は、上記の問題点を解消するもので、殻に撮影の
主体となるものに合焦させていると考えられることから
、肌色部を検出し、その部分に合焦していれば人物が主
被写体として露出制御し肌色があっても合焦していない
場合や、肌色の無い場合は、風景が適正になるような露
出レベルにすることで、適正な露出の得られる可能性の
高い自動露出制御装置を提供することを目的とする。The present invention solves the above problem, and since it is thought that the shell is focused on the main subject of the photograph, if the skin color part is detected and that part is focused, it is possible to detect the person. If you are controlling the exposure as the main subject and there is a skin tone but it is not in focus, or if there is no skin tone, it is highly likely that you will be able to get the correct exposure by setting the exposure level to the appropriate level for the landscape. The purpose is to provide an automatic exposure control device.
二課題を解決するための手段二
上記目的を達成するために本発明は、入力映像信号から
肌色部を抽出する肌色抽出手段と、肌色部の合焦を判別
する合焦判別手段と、前記２つの手段の出力に基づいて
露出を調定し、少なくとも、肌色部か抽出され、かつ、
肌色部に合焦していることか検出されたとき、肌色部か
適正露出になるように露出を調定する露出調定手段とを
具備した自動露出制御装置である。Means for Solving the Problems (2) In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a skin color extracting means for extracting a skin color part from an input video signal, a focus determining means for determining whether the skin color part is in focus, and adjusting the exposure based on the output of the two means, at least a skin tone part is extracted, and
This automatic exposure control device is equipped with an exposure adjustment means that adjusts the exposure so that the skin-colored portion is properly exposed when it is detected that the skin-colored portion is in focus.
二作用〕
上記構成によれは、肌色部の有無と肌色部に合焦してい
るかどうかを検出し、肌色部に合焦している時は人物主
体の撮影と判断し、肌色が適正露出になるように制御し
、肌色部以外に合焦している時は例えば風景主体と考え
て、画面全体の信号レベルか一定になるように、つまり
例えば風景か適正露出になるように制御する。[Two functions] The above configuration detects the presence or absence of a skin-colored area and whether or not the skin-colored area is in focus, and when the skin-colored area is in focus, it is determined that the subject is photographed, and the skin tone is properly exposed. When focusing on areas other than skin tones, it is assumed that the subject is a landscape, and the signal level of the entire screen is controlled to be constant, that is, the landscape is properly exposed.
二実第１自ｉ例：１
第１図は本発明の一実施例による自動露出制御装置のブ
ロック構成を示す。同図において、第２図と同じ部分に
は同一符号を付している。Second Example: 1 FIG. 1 shows a block configuration of an automatic exposure control device according to an embodiment of the present invention. In this figure, the same parts as in FIG. 2 are given the same reference numerals.
本装置では、上記構成に加えて、入力映像信号から肌色
部を抽出する肌色抽出手段として、肌色部抽出回路１５
を備え、また、肌色部の合焦を判別する合焦判別手段と
して、バンドパスフィルタ（ＢＰＦ）１６、肌色部高周
波成分検出回路１７、合焦判別回路１８を備え、前記２
つの手段の出力に基づいて露出調定を行う露出調定手段
として、肌色部平均輝度レベル検出回ｆ％１９、マイク
ロコンピュータ２０などを備えている。マイクロコンピ
ュータ２０の出力は、Ｄ／Ａ変換器２１を経て検波回路
１１の出力と共にミキサ２２に与えられ、ミキサ２２の
出力で可変利得アンプ６をフィードバック制御するよう
構成されている。In this device, in addition to the above configuration, a skin color part extraction circuit 15 is used as a skin color extraction means for extracting a skin color part from an input video signal.
Further, a band pass filter (BPF) 16, a skin color part high frequency component detection circuit 17, and a focus determination circuit 18 are provided as focus determination means for determining the focus of the skin color part, and the above-mentioned 2.
The exposure adjustment means for adjusting exposure based on the outputs of the two means includes a flesh-colored area average brightness level detection frequency f% 19, a microcomputer 20, and the like. The output of the microcomputer 20 is applied to a mixer 22 together with the output of the detection circuit 11 via a D/A converter 21, and the variable gain amplifier 6 is feedback-controlled by the output of the mixer 22.
本装置の作用を説明する。色信号処理回路８による色信
号処理後に、肌色部抽出回路１５で肌色部を抽出する。The operation of this device will be explained. After the color signal processing circuit 8 processes the color signal, a skin color portion extraction circuit 15 extracts the skin color portion.
肌色部の抽出は、例えは、色差信号Ｒ−ＹとＢ−Ｙのｒ
比ｊと「値、１が一定の範囲になる時に、肌色部抽出回
路１５の出力かＨｉレベルになるようにすればよい。To extract the skin color part, for example, r of the color difference signals R-Y and B-Y is extracted.
When the ratio j and the value 1 fall within a certain range, the output of the skin color extraction circuit 15 may be set to Hi level.
また、輝度信号処理回路１０からの輝度信号のうち、高
周波成分かＢＰＦ１６で抽出され、肌色部高周波成分検
出回路１７で肌色部抽出信号を受けて肌色部の高周波成
分が検出される。肌色部が画面内にあり、その部分が合
焦していれは、高周波成分が多く検出される。肌色部が
ない場合、及び合焦していない場合は、高周波成分は検
出されない。合焦判別回路１８では高周波成分が所定の
レベルかどうかによって合焦を判別し、マイクロコンピ
ュータ２０に信号を送る。一方、肌色部平均輝度レベル
検出回路１つでは、肌色部抽出信号を受けて、肌色部の
みの輝度信号レベルの平均値を検出する。検出されたレ
ベルはティジタル値に変換され、マイクロコンピュータ
２０に送られる。Also, a high frequency component of the brightness signal from the brightness signal processing circuit 10 is extracted by the BPF 16, and a skin color part high frequency component detection circuit 17 receives a skin color part extraction signal and detects the high frequency component of the skin color part. If a skin-colored area is within the screen and that area is in focus, many high-frequency components will be detected. If there is no skin-colored portion or if the image is not in focus, high frequency components will not be detected. The focus determination circuit 18 determines focus depending on whether the high frequency component is at a predetermined level, and sends a signal to the microcomputer 20. On the other hand, one flesh-colored portion average brightness level detection circuit receives the skin-colored portion extraction signal and detects the average value of the brightness signal level of only the skin-colored portion. The detected level is converted into a digital value and sent to the microcomputer 20.
マイクロコンピュータ２ｏでは、肌色部の合焦判別信号
出力が合焦を示している時は、合焦している肌色部の平
均輝度レベルが適正であるがどうかを判定する。この判
定結果に基づいて露出補正信号が出力され、検波回路１
１の出力と混合されて可変利得アンプ６を帰還制御する
ことにより、露出を補正する。すなわち、−例として、
肌色部の輝度レベルが５５〜７５１ＲＥであれば、適正
露出であるとし、また、５５１ＲＥ以下であれは、肌色
部の輝度が５５ＩＲＥ以上になるように露出補正信号を
出力する。肌色部の輝度が７５ＩＲＥ以上の時は、７５
ＩＲＥ以下になるように露出補正信号を出力する。この
ようにして、肌色部に合焦している場合は、肌色部の輝
度が適正レベルになるように露出を補正するので、適正
な露光か得られる。The microcomputer 2o determines whether the average luminance level of the skin-colored area in focus is appropriate when the focus determination signal output for the skin-colored area indicates focus. Based on this determination result, an exposure compensation signal is output, and the detection circuit 1
Exposure is corrected by feedback-controlling the variable gain amplifier 6. That is, - as an example,
If the brightness level of the skin-colored portion is 55 to 751RE, it is determined that the exposure is appropriate, and if it is less than 551RE, an exposure correction signal is output so that the brightness of the skin-colored portion becomes 55IRE or higher. When the brightness of the skin-colored area is 75 IRE or higher, 75
Output an exposure compensation signal so that the exposure is less than or equal to IRE. In this way, when the skin-colored area is in focus, the exposure is corrected so that the brightness of the skin-colored area is at an appropriate level, so that appropriate exposure can be obtained.
一方、肌色部に合焦していない時は、風景主体の撮影で
あると判断し、特に露出レベルの補正は行わず、通常の
帰還回路で風景が適正露出になるように制御される。On the other hand, when the skin-tone area is not in focus, it is determined that the subject is primarily a landscape, and no particular exposure level correction is performed, and the normal feedback circuit is used to control the landscape so that the exposure is properly exposed.
第３図は他の実施例を示す。この実施例では、色信号処
理圏Ｆ＃１８から信号が入力され、ＡＰエリア内の被写
体が肌色かどうかを検出するＡＦエリア肌色検出回路１
５０と、この回路１５０がらの肌色検出信号が入力され
るＡＰエリア肌色部平均輝度レベル検出回路１９０を備
え、この回路１９０の出力をマイクロコンピュータ２０
に与えている。FIG. 3 shows another embodiment. In this embodiment, the AF area skin color detection circuit 1 receives a signal from the color signal processing zone F#18 and detects whether the subject within the AP area has skin color.
50, and an AP area skin color average brightness level detection circuit 190 to which the skin color detection signal from this circuit 150 is input, and the output of this circuit 190 is sent to the microcomputer 20.
is giving to
この構成においては、ＡＰエリア内の被写体が肌色なら
撮影者は人物撮影を行おうとしていると考えられる。従
って、肌色検出信号が出力された時に肌色部が適正露出
になるように制御すればよい。また、ＡＦエリア内に肌
色部分が検出されない時は特に露出レベルの補正を行わ
なくてもよい。In this configuration, if the subject within the AP area has a skin color, it is considered that the photographer is attempting to photograph a person. Therefore, it is only necessary to perform control so that the skin color portion is properly exposed when the skin color detection signal is output. Further, when no skin-colored portion is detected within the AF area, there is no need to particularly correct the exposure level.
なお、本発明は上記実施例構成に限られず種々の変形が
可能で、例えば、上記では、可変利得アンプ６による露
出レベルの補正を例として説明しなか、露出レベルの補
正は絞り値の制御又はシャッタースピードの制御あるい
はそれらの組み合わせで行ってもよい。Note that the present invention is not limited to the configuration of the embodiment described above, and can be modified in various ways. For example, in the above description, correction of the exposure level by the variable gain amplifier 6 is taken as an example, but correction of the exposure level can be performed by controlling the aperture value or by controlling the aperture value. This may be performed by shutter speed control or a combination thereof.
一発明の効果コ
以上のように本発明によれば、肌色部が抽出され、かつ
、この肌色部に合焦していることが判明されたとき、肌
色部が適正露出になるように制御されるので、人物を主
被写体としている場合は勿論のこと、風景を主被写体と
している場合にあっても、適正な露出が得られる可能性
が高い。Effects of the Invention As described above, according to the present invention, when a skin-colored area is extracted and it is determined that the skin-colored area is in focus, the skin-colored area is controlled so as to be properly exposed. Therefore, it is highly likely that an appropriate exposure will be obtained not only when the main subject is a person, but also when the main subject is a landscape.
第１図は本発明の一実施例による自動露出制御装置のブ
ロック構成図、第２図は従来の装置のブロック構成図、
第３図は本発明の他の実施例を示すブロック構成図であ
る。
６・・・可変利得アンプ、８・・・色信号処理回路、１
０・・・輝度信号処理回路、１５・・・肌色部抽出回路
、１６・・・バンドパスフィルタ、１７・・・肌色部高
周波成分検出回路、１８・・・合焦判別回路、１９・・
・肌色部平均輝度レベル検出回路、２０・・・マイクロ
コンピュータ、１５０・・・ＡＰエリア肌色検出回路、
１９０・・・ＡＰエリア肌色部平均輝度レベル検出回路
。FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an automatic exposure control device according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a conventional device,
FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing another embodiment of the present invention. 6... Variable gain amplifier, 8... Color signal processing circuit, 1
0... Luminance signal processing circuit, 15... Skin color part extraction circuit, 16... Band pass filter, 17... Skin color part high frequency component detection circuit, 18... Focus determination circuit, 19...
- Skin color part average brightness level detection circuit, 20... microcomputer, 150... AP area skin color detection circuit,
190...AP area skin color average brightness level detection circuit.
Claims (1)
と、 肌色部の合焦を判別する合焦判別手段と、 前記２つの手段の出力に基づいて露出を調定し、少なく
とも、肌色部が抽出され、かつ、肌色部に合焦している
ことが検出されたとき、肌色部が適正露出になるように
露出を調定する露出調定手段とを具備したことを特徴と
する自動露出制御装置。(1) A skin color extracting means for extracting a skin color part from an input video signal; a focus determining means for determining whether the skin color part is in focus; adjusting exposure based on the outputs of the two means; and an exposure adjustment means for adjusting the exposure so that the skin-color area is properly exposed when it is detected that the skin-color area is extracted and focused on the skin-color area. Control device.
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2276646A JP2844894B2 (en) | 1990-10-15 | 1990-10-15 | Automatic exposure control device |
| US08/208,791 US6249317B1 (en) | 1990-08-01 | 1994-03-09 | Automatic exposure control apparatus |
| US08/887,792 US6072526A (en) | 1990-10-15 | 1997-07-03 | Image sensing device that can correct colors corresponding to skin in a video signal |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2276646A JP2844894B2 (en) | 1990-10-15 | 1990-10-15 | Automatic exposure control device |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH04150692A true JPH04150692A (en) | 1992-05-25 |
| JP2844894B2 JP2844894B2 (en) | 1999-01-13 |
Family
ID=17572352
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2276646A Expired - Lifetime JP2844894B2 (en) | 1990-08-01 | 1990-10-15 | Automatic exposure control device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2844894B2 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7778483B2 (en) | 2003-05-19 | 2010-08-17 | Stmicroelectronics S.R.L. | Digital image processing method having an exposure correction based on recognition of areas corresponding to the skin of the photographed subject |
| US8218028B2 (en) | 2007-07-18 | 2012-07-10 | Sony Corporation | Imaging apparatus, image processing apparatus, and program |
-
1990
- 1990-10-15 JP JP2276646A patent/JP2844894B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7778483B2 (en) | 2003-05-19 | 2010-08-17 | Stmicroelectronics S.R.L. | Digital image processing method having an exposure correction based on recognition of areas corresponding to the skin of the photographed subject |
| US8218028B2 (en) | 2007-07-18 | 2012-07-10 | Sony Corporation | Imaging apparatus, image processing apparatus, and program |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2844894B2 (en) | 1999-01-13 |
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