JPH04136411A - Catalytic converter - Google Patents
Catalytic converterInfo
- Publication number
- JPH04136411A JPH04136411A JP25890290A JP25890290A JPH04136411A JP H04136411 A JPH04136411 A JP H04136411A JP 25890290 A JP25890290 A JP 25890290A JP 25890290 A JP25890290 A JP 25890290A JP H04136411 A JPH04136411 A JP H04136411A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- catalyst
- catalyst carrier
- carrier
- exhaust gas
- heater function
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 69
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 35
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 35
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead(0) Chemical compound [Pb] WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 231100000572 poisoning Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000000607 poisoning effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003915 air pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005524 ceramic coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010292 electrical insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000007096 poisonous effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
（産業上の利用分野）
本発明は、内燃機関の排気系に備えられる加熱装置を備
えた触媒コンバータに関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to a catalytic converter equipped with a heating device installed in an exhaust system of an internal combustion engine.
（従来の技術）
自動車等の大気汚染対策のために用いられる触媒コンバ
ータにおいで、機関冷開時に触媒の作動温度まで急速に
加熱する装置を備えている。(Prior Art) A catalytic converter used for air pollution control in automobiles, etc. is equipped with a device that rapidly heats the catalyst to its operating temperature when the engine is cooled down.
この種の装置としで、例えば特開昭４８−５４３１２号
公報に開示されたものは、金属ハニカム触媒担体を＃ｌ
Ｉ成するステンレス鋼板（金属箔）の表面にセラミック
コーティング層を形成しで電気的に絶縁し、電流をステ
ンレス鋼板を通しで渦巻ら状に流すことにより、金属ハ
ニカム触媒担体の等電経路を長くとり、発熱体としで十
分な電気抵抗値を確保しでいる。This type of device, for example, disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. 48-54312, uses a metal honeycomb catalyst carrier #1.
By forming a ceramic coating layer on the surface of the stainless steel plate (metal foil) to provide electrical insulation, and by passing current in a spiral shape through the stainless steel plate, the isoelectric path of the metal honeycomb catalyst carrier is lengthened. This ensures sufficient electrical resistance as a heating element.
（発明が解決しようとする課題）
しかしながら、このような従来装置では、＊＊から高温
の排気ガスが導入されるような運転時に担体の入口部分
が過熱されて触媒の劣化が進む。(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) However, in such a conventional device, during operation in which high-temperature exhaust gas is introduced from **, the inlet portion of the carrier is overheated and the catalyst deteriorates.
また、ガソリンに含まれる被毒物質等により担体の入口
部分の触媒の被毒劣化が進む、このため、例えば自動車
で１０万マイルを越えるような長距離走行時に担体の入
口部分に担持さ九た触媒の機能が大きく低下した部分を
加熱することになり、入口部分では触媒反応による昇温
があまり期待できず、昇温効率（上昇温度／消費電力）
が低下するという問題点があった。In addition, the catalyst at the inlet of the carrier is poisoned and deteriorates due to poisonous substances contained in gasoline, and for this reason, when a car is driven over a long distance, for example over 100,000 miles, the catalyst that is deposited at the inlet of the carrier is The part where the function of the catalyst has greatly deteriorated will be heated, and the temperature increase due to the catalytic reaction cannot be expected at the inlet part, resulting in a decrease in heating efficiency (temperature rise/power consumption).
There was a problem in that the value decreased.
本発明は、こうした従来の問題点を解決することを目的
とする。The present invention aims to solve these conventional problems.
（問題点を解決するための手段）
上記目的を達成するため本発明では、機関の排気管の途
中にハニカム触媒担体を介装し、このハニカム触媒担体
に電流を流す電極を配設しでヒータ機能を持たせるとと
もに、このハニカム触媒担体の上流側にヒータ機能を持
たない触媒担体を介装した。(Means for Solving the Problems) In order to achieve the above object, the present invention includes a honeycomb catalyst carrier interposed in the middle of the exhaust pipe of the engine, and an electrode for passing a current through the honeycomb catalyst carrier, thereby generating a heater. In addition to having a function, a catalyst carrier without a heater function was interposed on the upstream side of this honeycomb catalyst carrier.
（作用）
上記構成に基づき、機関の冷間時に電極を介しでハニカ
ム触媒担体に′Ｉｌ流を流すことによりハニカム触媒担
体を発熱させ、触媒の作動温度まで速やかに上昇させる
。(Function) Based on the above configuration, when the engine is cold, the honeycomb catalyst carrier is caused to generate heat by flowing the 'Il flow to the honeycomb catalyst carrier through the electrode, and the temperature is quickly raised to the operating temperature of the catalyst.
ハニカム触媒担体が通電により加熱された状態で、機関
から高温排気〃スが導入されるような運転時でも、加熱
されたハニカム触媒担体にはその上流側に介装されたヒ
ータ機能を持たない触媒担体を通過しで温度降下した排
気プスが導入されるため、過熱されることを防止できる
。すなわち、ヒータ機能を持つハニカム担体の上流側に
通常のヒータ機能を持たない触媒担体を介装することに
より、被毒および異常消音による触媒劣化は上流側に介
装された触媒が受け、ヒータ機能を持つハニカム触媒担
体に担持された触媒は、例えば自動車の５万〜１０万マ
イル走行後も、十分な触媒活性を維持し、より小さい消
費電力で温度上昇が得られる。Even during operation when high-temperature exhaust gas is introduced from the engine while the honeycomb catalyst carrier is heated by electricity, the heated honeycomb catalyst carrier may be exposed to a catalyst that does not have a heater function installed upstream of the honeycomb catalyst carrier. Since the exhaust gas whose temperature has been lowered by passing through the carrier is introduced, overheating can be prevented. In other words, by placing a normal catalyst carrier without a heating function on the upstream side of a honeycomb carrier with a heater function, catalyst deterioration due to poisoning and abnormal noise reduction is absorbed by the catalyst placed upstream, and the heater function is reduced. A catalyst supported on a honeycomb catalyst carrier having the following characteristics maintains sufficient catalytic activity even after a car has been driven for 50,000 to 100,000 miles, and a temperature increase can be achieved with lower power consumption.
（実施例） 以下、本発明の実施例を添付図面に基づいて説明する。(Example) Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
第１図に示すように、触媒コンバータ１は排気人口２お
よび排気出口３を有するケース４がｆＩＩｉ関の排気管
の途中に接続され、このケース４内に３つに分割しで設
けられる金属ハニカム触媒担体５゜１２．１３が並んで
介装される。As shown in FIG. 1, the catalytic converter 1 has a case 4 having an exhaust port 2 and an exhaust outlet 3 connected to the middle of an exhaust pipe of the fIIi, and a metal honeycomb provided in the case 4 divided into three parts. Catalyst carriers 5°12.13 are interposed in parallel.
各金属ハニカム触媒担体５，１２，１３には波状の金属
箔と平板状の金属箔が重合かつ渦巻き状に巻回されて多
数の細路が画成される。各金属箔には白金（Ｐ ｔ）等
の触媒金属が担持され、細路を通過する排気〃スを触媒
作用により浄化するようになっている。In each of the metal honeycomb catalyst carriers 5, 12, and 13, a wavy metal foil and a flat metal foil are superposed and spirally wound to define a large number of narrow passages. A catalytic metal such as platinum (Pt) is supported on each metal foil, and the exhaust gas passing through the narrow passage is purified by the catalytic action.
各担体５，１２．１３の外周面とテース４の闇にはセラ
ミックファイバーマツトロがそれぞれ介装されて断熱あ
るいは絶縁が行われる。Ceramic fiber maturo is interposed between the outer circumferential surface of each carrier 5, 12, and 13 and the inner part of the teeth 4 to perform heat insulation or insulation.
中央に介装される金属ハニカム触媒担体５の外周面に筒
状の側方電極７が介装されるとともに、この金属ハニカ
ム触媒担体５の中心部には棒状の中心電極８が挿入され
る。＊方電極７はリード線９と図示しないスイッチを介
しでバッテリの正端子に接続され、中心電極８はリード
線１０を介しでバッテリの負端子に接続され、金属ハニ
カム触媒担体５に通電するようになっている。A cylindrical side electrode 7 is interposed on the outer peripheral surface of the metal honeycomb catalyst carrier 5 interposed in the center, and a rod-shaped center electrode 8 is inserted in the center of the metal honeycomb catalyst carrier 5. The * side electrode 7 is connected to the positive terminal of the battery via a lead wire 9 and a switch (not shown), and the center electrode 8 is connected to the negative terminal of the battery via a lead wire 10 so as to energize the metal honeycomb catalyst carrier 5. It has become.
上流側に介装される金属ハニカム触媒担体１２の容積を
０．２〜１．Ｏｌの範囲に設定し、下流側に介装される
金属へ二カム触媒担体１３の容積を０．５１以上の範囲
に設定する一方、中間に介！！される金属ハニカム触媒
担体５の容積を０．１〜１゜Ｏｌの範囲に設定する。The volume of the metal honeycomb catalyst carrier 12 interposed on the upstream side is set to 0.2 to 1. The volume of the two-cam catalyst carrier 13 is set to a range of 0.51 or more, while the volume of the two-cam catalyst carrier 13 is set to a range of 0.51 or more, and the volume of the two-cam catalyst carrier 13 is set to a range of 0.51 or more. ! The volume of the metal honeycomb catalyst carrier 5 is set in the range of 0.1 to 1°Ol.
第３図に示すように、金属ハニカム触媒担体５は中心電
極８のまわりに４枚の波板状の金属箔２１．２２，２３
．２４と、４枚の平板状の金属Ｎ２５が１枚づつ重合し
で渦巻き状に巻回される。金属箔２１の中央部に切欠終
部２１ａが形成され、金属Ｍ２３はその両端部に切欠き
部２３ａ、２３＆が形成され、金属ハニカム触媒担体５
には切欠き部２１ｍにより画成される絶縁隙間１７と、
切欠き部２３ａ、２３ｂによって画成される絶縁隙間１
８．１９が交互に設けられる。As shown in FIG. 3, the metal honeycomb catalyst carrier 5 has four corrugated metal foils 21, 22, 23 surrounding the center electrode 8.
．． 24 and four flat metal N25 are polymerized one by one and wound into a spiral shape. A cutout end portion 21a is formed at the center of the metal foil 21, and cutout portions 23a, 23& are formed at both ends of the metal M23, and the metal honeycomb catalyst carrier 5
has an insulation gap 17 defined by a notch 21m, and
Insulating gap 1 defined by notches 23a and 23b
8.19 are provided alternately.
これにより、中心電極８から側方電極７へと金属ハニカ
ム触媒担体５の半径方向に流れようとする電流は、矢印
で示すように、両端に位置する金属Ｍ２１から金属［２
２を通って中央に位置する金属！２３に向かい、続いて
金属［２３から金属［２４を通って再び両端に位置する
金属箔２１に向かう、このように電流は、輪方向に蛇行
しながら中心電極８から側方電極７へと流れるため、導
電経路が長くなり、電気抵抗の増大により十分な発熱量
が確保される。As a result, the current flowing in the radial direction of the metal honeycomb catalyst carrier 5 from the center electrode 8 to the side electrodes 7 is transferred from the metal M21 located at both ends to the metal [2
The metal located in the center through 2! The current flows from the center electrode 8 to the side electrodes 7 while meandering in the ring direction. Therefore, the conductive path becomes longer, and a sufficient amount of heat generation is ensured due to the increase in electrical resistance.
このように構成され、機関の冷間時に中心電極８から側
方電極７へと金属ハニカム触媒担体５の径方向に電流を
流すことにより金属ハニカム触媒担体５を発熱させ、触
媒の作動温度まで速やかに上昇させる。With this structure, when the engine is cold, a current is passed in the radial direction of the metal honeycomb catalyst carrier 5 from the center electrode 8 to the side electrodes 7, thereby causing the metal honeycomb catalyst carrier 5 to generate heat and quickly reaching the operating temperature of the catalyst. to rise to.
金属ハニカム触媒担体５が通電により加熱された状態で
、機関から高温排気ガスが導入されるような運転時でも
、加熱された金属ハニカム触媒担体５にはその上流側に
介装されたヒータ機能を持たない触媒担体１２，１３を
通過しで温度降下した排気ガスが導入されるため、過熱
されることを防止できる。すなわち、ヒータ機能を持つ
金属ハニカム担体５の上流側に通常のヒータ機能を持た
ない触媒担体１２を介装することにより、被毒および異
常消音による触媒劣化は上流側に介装された触媒が受け
、ヒータ機能を持つ金属ハニカム触媒担体５に担持され
た触媒は、例えば自動車の５万〜１０万マイル走行後も
、十分な触媒活性が維持され、より小さい消費電力で温
度上昇が得られる。Even during operation in which high-temperature exhaust gas is introduced from the engine while the metal honeycomb catalyst carrier 5 is heated by electricity, the heated metal honeycomb catalyst carrier 5 has a heater function installed on its upstream side. Since the exhaust gas whose temperature has been lowered by passing through the catalyst carriers 12 and 13 that do not contain the catalyst is introduced, overheating can be prevented. In other words, by interposing the catalyst carrier 12 which does not have a normal heater function upstream of the metal honeycomb carrier 5 which has a heater function, catalyst deterioration due to poisoning and abnormal noise reduction can be avoided by the catalyst installed upstream. The catalyst supported on the metal honeycomb catalyst carrier 5 having a heating function maintains sufficient catalytic activity even after the automobile has been driven for 50,000 to 100,000 miles, and a temperature increase can be achieved with lower power consumption.
この実施例におけるヒータ機能を持たない触媒担体１２
，１３は、セラミックスを材質しでも良い
また、ヒータ機能を持つ金属ハニカム担体５の金属箔に
絶縁層をコーティングしで導電経路を渦巻き状にしでも
良い。Catalyst carrier 12 without heater function in this embodiment
, 13 may be made of ceramic, or the metal foil of the metal honeycomb carrier 5 having a heating function may be coated with an insulating layer to form a spiral conductive path.
（発明の効果）
以上の通り本発明によれば、加熱装置を備えた触媒コン
バータにおいて、ヒータ機能を持つハニカム触媒担体の
上流側にヒータ機能を持たない触媒担体を介装したため
、ヒータ機能を持つハニカム担体に担持された触媒の劣
化が防止でき、自動車の５万〜１０万マイルを越える長
距離走行後も、昇温効率を維持することができる。(Effects of the Invention) As described above, according to the present invention, in a catalytic converter equipped with a heating device, a catalyst carrier without a heater function is interposed on the upstream side of a honeycomb catalyst carrier with a heater function. Deterioration of the catalyst supported on the honeycomb carrier can be prevented, and the temperature raising efficiency can be maintained even after long-distance driving of an automobile exceeding 50,000 to 100,000 miles.
第１図は本発明の実施例を示す触媒コンバータの縦断面
図、第２図は同じく横断面図、第３図は触媒担体の縦断
面図である。
１・・・触媒コンバータ、５・・−金属ハニカム触媒担
体、７・・・側方電極、８・・・中心電極、１２．１３
・・・触媒担体。FIG. 1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a catalytic converter showing an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the same, and FIG. 3 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a catalyst carrier. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1...Catalytic converter, 5...-Metal honeycomb catalyst carrier, 7... Side electrode, 8... Center electrode, 12.13
...Catalyst carrier.
Claims (1)
のハニカム触媒担体に電流を流す電極を配設しでヒータ
機能を持たせるとともに、このハニカム触媒担体の上流
側にヒータ機能を持たない触媒担体を介装したことを特
徴とする触媒コンバータ。A honeycomb catalyst carrier is interposed in the middle of the exhaust pipe of the engine, and electrodes for passing current through this honeycomb catalyst carrier are provided to provide a heater function, and a catalyst without a heater function is placed upstream of the honeycomb catalyst carrier. A catalytic converter characterized by having a carrier interposed therein.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP25890290A JPH04136411A (en) | 1990-09-28 | 1990-09-28 | Catalytic converter |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP25890290A JPH04136411A (en) | 1990-09-28 | 1990-09-28 | Catalytic converter |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH04136411A true JPH04136411A (en) | 1992-05-11 |
Family
ID=17326625
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP25890290A Pending JPH04136411A (en) | 1990-09-28 | 1990-09-28 | Catalytic converter |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH04136411A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0622515U (en) * | 1992-08-26 | 1994-03-25 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | Exhaust gas purification device for internal combustion engine |
| JP2012021488A (en) * | 2010-07-15 | 2012-02-02 | Toyota Motor Corp | Electrically heated catalytic device |
-
1990
- 1990-09-28 JP JP25890290A patent/JPH04136411A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0622515U (en) * | 1992-08-26 | 1994-03-25 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | Exhaust gas purification device for internal combustion engine |
| JP2012021488A (en) * | 2010-07-15 | 2012-02-02 | Toyota Motor Corp | Electrically heated catalytic device |
| US8701394B2 (en) | 2010-07-15 | 2014-04-22 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Electrically heated catalytic device and vehicle equipped with electrically heated catalytic device |
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