JPH0412497A - X-ray generator - Google Patents

X-ray generator

Info

Publication number
JPH0412497A
JPH0412497A JP11345190A JP11345190A JPH0412497A JP H0412497 A JPH0412497 A JP H0412497A JP 11345190 A JP11345190 A JP 11345190A JP 11345190 A JP11345190 A JP 11345190A JP H0412497 A JPH0412497 A JP H0412497A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
electron
photoelectrons
rays
photoelectric film
generated
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
JP11345190A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JP2770549B2 (en
Inventor
Hideo Hirose
秀男 広瀬
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Shimadzu Corp
Original Assignee
Shimadzu Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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Application filed by Shimadzu Corp filed Critical Shimadzu Corp
Priority to JP11345190A priority Critical patent/JP2770549B2/en
Publication of JPH0412497A publication Critical patent/JPH0412497A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP2770549B2 publication Critical patent/JP2770549B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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  • X-Ray Techniques (AREA)

Abstract

PURPOSE:To readily obtain ultrashort pulse X-ray or high-frequency X-ray pulses by having such construction that photoelectrons generated through the process of applying ultraviolet rays to a photoelectric film, an electron- multiplying element or the like are accelerated to be struck against a metal target so as to generate X-rays. CONSTITUTION:An electron multiplying element (MCP) 4 is arranged in a vacuum vessel 1. A photoelectric film (a photocathode) 3 in opposition to the electron-multiplying element 4 is provided to a wall body at the frontal part of the vacuum vessel 1. When output light from an ultraviolet ray source 2 is first applied to the photoelectric film 3 via a lens 8, the photoelectric film may have its photoelectric effect to generate photoelectrons. The generated photoelectrons are respectively directed to the electron-multiplying element 4 to be amplified here by a potential difference resulting from a power source 5. The amplified photoelectrons are respectively accelerated to form the corresponding focused electron beams so as to be struck against a target T by both an electric field formed by a power source 7 and an electron lens l. Thus X-rays are generated in a radial form, and they are applied through a window 1a to the outside of the vacuum vessel 1.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 〈産業上の利用分野〉 本発明はX線発生装置に関し、超高速X線CT装置、X
線診断装置、X線回折装置、X線分析装置あるいはX線
計測装置等に利用することができる。
[Detailed Description of the Invention] <Industrial Application Field> The present invention relates to an
It can be used in a ray diagnostic device, an X-ray diffraction device, an X-ray analysis device, an X-ray measurement device, etc.

〈従来の技術〉 この種のX線発生装置としては、従来、熱陰極等から発
生した熱電子を高電圧で加速し、タングステン等の金属
ターゲットに衝突させることによって、X線を発生させ
るX線管等がある。
<Prior art> This type of X-ray generator conventionally uses an There are pipes etc.

〈発明が解決しようとする課題〉 ところで、上述の従来のX線発生装置によれば、熱電子
発生の応答が悪く、このため、例えば超短パルスX線や
高周波X線パルスを必要とする装置あるいは高速X線撮
影装置等に適用する場合、これらの装置の要求を満たす
ために、その周辺回路等が非常に複雑になるといった問
題があった。
<Problems to be Solved by the Invention> By the way, according to the above-mentioned conventional X-ray generator, the response of thermionic generation is poor, and therefore, for example, an apparatus that requires ultra-short pulse X-rays or high-frequency X-ray pulses cannot be used. Alternatively, when applied to high-speed X-ray imaging devices, etc., there is a problem in that peripheral circuits and the like become extremely complex in order to meet the requirements of these devices.

く課題を解決するための手段〉 本発明は上記の従来の問題を解決すべくなされたもので
、その構成を実施例に対応する第1図を参照しつつ説明
すると、本発明は、紫外線源2とその紫外線源2からの
光照射により光電子を発生する手段(例えば光電膜3お
よび電子増倍素子4等)を備え、真空雰囲気中でターゲ
ットTに加速された光電子を集束照射することによって
X線を発生するよう構成したことによって特徴づけられ
る。
Means for Solving the Problems> The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems, and the configuration thereof will be explained with reference to FIG. 1 corresponding to an embodiment. 2 and a means for generating photoelectrons by light irradiation from the ultraviolet source 2 (for example, a photoelectric film 3 and an electron multiplier element 4, etc.). It is characterized by its structure to generate lines.

〈作用〉 発生するX線の時間特性は、紫外光源2から光電膜3に
照射する光の照射時間によって決定される。すなわちX
線の時間特性は紫外光源2からの紫外線とほぼ同じとな
り、これにより、X線の発生の応答性は非常に速くなる
<Operation> The temporal characteristics of the generated X-rays are determined by the irradiation time of the light irradiated from the ultraviolet light source 2 to the photoelectric film 3. That is, X
The time characteristics of the rays are almost the same as those of the ultraviolet rays from the ultraviolet light source 2, which makes the responsiveness of X-ray generation very fast.

〈実施例〉 本発明の実施例を、以下、図面に基づいて説明する。<Example> Embodiments of the present invention will be described below based on the drawings.

第1図は本発明実施例の構成を示す図である。FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the configuration of an embodiment of the present invention.

真空容器1内に電子増倍素子(MCP)4が配設されて
いる。この真空容器1の前部の壁体には電子増倍素子4
と対向して光電膜(ホトカソード)3が設けられている
An electron multiplier (MCP) 4 is disposed within the vacuum container 1 . An electron multiplier element 4 is mounted on the front wall of the vacuum container 1.
A photoelectric film (photocathode) 3 is provided opposite to the photoelectric film (photocathode).

また、真空容器1内には、電子増倍素子4の後方に、タ
ングステン等の金属ターゲットTが配置されている。こ
のターゲットTの面する位置の真空容器1の側部壁体に
はBe製の窓1aが設けられている。
Further, a metal target T such as tungsten is arranged in the vacuum container 1 behind the electron multiplier element 4 . A window 1a made of Be is provided on the side wall of the vacuum vessel 1 at a position facing the target T.

光電膜3と電子増倍素子4との間には、直流電源5が接
続されており、電子増倍素子4が正電位となるように、
この両者間に0.5kV程度の電位差が与えられる。ま
た、電子増倍素子4の出力側の面は、直流電源6によっ
てその入力側に対して、1.5kV程度の正電位が与え
られる。さらに、電子増倍素子4とターゲットTとの間
にも、直流電源7が接続されており、ターゲットTは電
子増倍素子4に対して100kV程度の正電位が与えら
れる。
A DC power supply 5 is connected between the photoelectric film 3 and the electron multiplier 4, so that the electron multiplier 4 has a positive potential.
A potential difference of about 0.5 kV is applied between the two. Further, the output side surface of the electron multiplier 4 is given a positive potential of about 1.5 kV with respect to its input side by the DC power supply 6. Further, a DC power supply 7 is also connected between the electron multiplier 4 and the target T, and a positive potential of about 100 kV is applied to the target T with respect to the electron multiplier 4.

一方、真空容器1の外部前方には、レンズ8および紫外
線源2が順次配置されている。この紫外線源2としては
、紫外線ランプであってもよいしあるいは紫外光レーザ
等を用いてもよい。
On the other hand, a lens 8 and an ultraviolet source 2 are sequentially arranged at the front of the outside of the vacuum container 1 . The ultraviolet light source 2 may be an ultraviolet lamp or an ultraviolet laser.

次に、本発明実施例の作用を説明する。Next, the operation of the embodiment of the present invention will be explained.

まず、紫外線源2からの光をレンズ8を介して光電膜3
に照射すると、光電効果によって光電子が発生する。こ
の発生した光電子は電源5による電位差によって電子増
倍素子4へと導かれ、ここで増幅される。この増幅され
た光電子は、電源7によって形成される電場および電子
レンズlによって加速され集束された電子ビームとなっ
てターゲットTに衝突する。これによりX線が放射状に
発生し、そのX線は窓1aを経て真空容器1外部へと出
射する。
First, light from the ultraviolet source 2 is passed through the lens 8 to the photoelectric film 3.
When exposed to light, photoelectrons are generated due to the photoelectric effect. The generated photoelectrons are guided to the electron multiplier 4 by the potential difference caused by the power source 5, and are amplified there. The amplified photoelectrons are accelerated and focused by the electric field formed by the power source 7 and the electron lens l, and collide with the target T as an electron beam. As a result, X-rays are generated radially, and the X-rays are emitted to the outside of the vacuum container 1 through the window 1a.

ここで、発生するX線の時間特性は、紫外線源2からの
出力光とほぼ同じになる。従って、得られるX線はDC
−Ml−17程度の周波数特性をもつ。また、現状では
、電子増倍素子4は、その時間分解能がn5ec以下の
ものもあることがら、n5ec以下の超短パルスX線も
得ることも可能となる。
Here, the time characteristics of the generated X-rays are almost the same as the output light from the ultraviolet light source 2. Therefore, the obtained X-rays are DC
-Has a frequency characteristic of about Ml-17. Furthermore, since some of the electron multiplier elements 4 currently have a temporal resolution of n5ec or less, it is also possible to obtain ultrashort pulse X-rays of n5ec or less.

なお、以上の本発明実施例において、電子増倍素子4を
複数段配置すれば、より高強度あるいは高輝度のX線を
発生することができる。
In the above-described embodiments of the present invention, by arranging the electron multiplier elements 4 in multiple stages, it is possible to generate X-rays with higher intensity or brightness.

また、以上の本発明実施例において、光電膜3は必ずし
も必要ではなく、例えば第2図(a)に示すように、紫
外線源2がらの光を、窓11bを通して真空容器11内
に導いて、電子増倍素子4に直接に照射してもよいし、
また、同図(ロ)に示すように、遠方に配置した紫外線
a!X2の出力光を光ファイバFによって、真空容器2
1内部へと導いて、電子増倍素子4に照射するよう構成
してもよい。
Furthermore, in the above-described embodiments of the present invention, the photoelectric film 3 is not necessarily required; for example, as shown in FIG. The electron multiplier element 4 may be irradiated directly, or
In addition, as shown in the same figure (b), ultraviolet a! The output light of
Alternatively, the electron beam may be guided into the inside of the electron multiplier 1 and irradiated onto the electron multiplier 4.

ざらには、電子増倍素子4を設けずに、光電膜3から発
生した光電子を加速してターゲットTに直接照射するよ
う構成してもよい。
In general, the configuration may be such that the photoelectrons generated from the photoelectric film 3 are accelerated and irradiated directly onto the target T without providing the electron multiplier 4.

第3図は本発明の他の実施例の構成を示す図である。FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the configuration of another embodiment of the present invention.

この例においては、円環状の真空容器31に、リング状
の光電膜33および電子増倍素子34をそれぞれ所定位
置に配置しており、また、金属ターゲットT′の形状も
同様のリング状としている。
In this example, a ring-shaped photoelectric film 33 and an electron multiplier element 34 are arranged at predetermined positions in an annular vacuum vessel 31, and the metal target T' is also shaped like a ring. .

そして、紫外線源2からの先進行路上に回転ミラーM、
を配置し、この回転ミラーM、および全反射鏡M2によ
って、リング状の光電膜33の光電面に、紫外線を半径
R上に沿って高速スキャンするよう構成している。
A rotating mirror M is placed on the forward path from the ultraviolet light source 2.
is arranged, and ultraviolet rays are configured to scan the photocathode of the ring-shaped photoelectric film 33 at high speed along the radius R using the rotating mirror M and the total reflection mirror M2.

この実施例によると、リング状ターゲットT′の半径R
の円周上の任意の位置からX線を発生することができ、
これにより、真空容器31の中央空間部に置かれた被検
体Wの立体像をリアルタイムで得ることができる。
According to this embodiment, the radius R of the ring-shaped target T'
X-rays can be generated from any position on the circumference of
Thereby, a three-dimensional image of the subject W placed in the central space of the vacuum container 31 can be obtained in real time.

なお、回転ミラーMによって紫外線をスキャンする構成
に代えて、例えば第4図に示すように、複数の紫外線源
2・・・2を半径Rの円周上に沿って等ピッチで配置し
、その配置位置に対応するターゲットT′の各位置から
X線をそれぞれ独立に発生するよう構成してもよい。
Note that instead of the configuration in which ultraviolet rays are scanned by a rotating mirror M, for example, as shown in FIG. It may be configured to generate X-rays independently from each position of the target T' corresponding to the arrangement position.

〈発明の効果〉 以上説明したように、本発明によれば、光電膜や電子増
倍素子等に紫外線を照射することにより発生する光電子
を、加速して金属ターゲットに衝突させることによって
、X線を発生するよう構成したから、X線発生の応答性
が非常に速くなって、超短パルスX線あるいは高周波X
線パルスを容易に得ることが可能となる。これにより、
例えばX線回折装置や蛍光測定装置等に本発明装置を適
用することによって、その各測定情報をリアルタイムで
得ることが可能となる。また、X線による高速撮影や高
速計測を容易に行うことができる。しかも、それらの装
置に適用するにあたり、X線発生装置自体やその周辺回
路等が複雑になることもない。
<Effects of the Invention> As explained above, according to the present invention, photoelectrons generated by irradiating a photoelectric film, an electron multiplier, etc. with ultraviolet rays are accelerated and collided with a metal target, thereby generating X-rays. Since the configuration is configured to generate
It becomes possible to easily obtain line pulses. This results in
For example, by applying the device of the present invention to an X-ray diffraction device, a fluorescence measurement device, etc., it becomes possible to obtain each measurement information in real time. Furthermore, high-speed imaging and high-speed measurement using X-rays can be easily performed. Furthermore, when applied to those devices, the X-ray generator itself and its peripheral circuits do not become complicated.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of the drawing]

第1図は本発明実施例の構成を示す図、第2図はその実
施例の変形例の説明図である。 第3図および第4図はそれぞれ本発明の他の実施例の構
成を示す図である。 1・・・真空容器 1a・・・窓 2・・・紫外線源 3・・・光電膜 4・・・電子増倍素子 5.6.7・・・直流電源 8・・・レンズ
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the configuration of an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of a modification of the embodiment. FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 are diagrams showing the configuration of other embodiments of the present invention, respectively. 1... Vacuum container 1a... Window 2... Ultraviolet source 3... Photoelectric film 4... Electron multiplier element 5.6.7... DC power supply 8... Lens

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 真空雰囲気中でターゲット材料に加速された高速電子を
衝突させることによってX線を発生する装置において、
紫外線源と、この紫外線源からの光照射により光電子を
発生する手段を備え、上記光電子をターゲット材料に照
射するよう構成したことを特徴とする、X線発生装置。
In a device that generates X-rays by colliding accelerated high-speed electrons with a target material in a vacuum atmosphere,
An X-ray generator comprising: an ultraviolet source; and means for generating photoelectrons by irradiation with light from the ultraviolet source, and configured to irradiate a target material with the photoelectrons.
JP11345190A 1990-04-27 1990-04-27 X-ray generator Expired - Lifetime JP2770549B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP11345190A JP2770549B2 (en) 1990-04-27 1990-04-27 X-ray generator

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP11345190A JP2770549B2 (en) 1990-04-27 1990-04-27 X-ray generator

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH0412497A true JPH0412497A (en) 1992-01-17
JP2770549B2 JP2770549B2 (en) 1998-07-02

Family

ID=14612567

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP11345190A Expired - Lifetime JP2770549B2 (en) 1990-04-27 1990-04-27 X-ray generator

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JP2770549B2 (en)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6516048B2 (en) 2001-02-01 2003-02-04 Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. X-ray generator
JP2006134876A (en) * 2004-11-02 2006-05-25 General Electric Co <Ge> Electron emitter assembly and method for generating electron beam
GB2446505A (en) * 2008-02-05 2008-08-13 Gen Electric X-ray generation using a secondary emission electron source
JP2015060735A (en) * 2013-09-19 2015-03-30 浜松ホトニクス株式会社 X-ray generation device and sample inspection device
US10712296B2 (en) 2016-12-23 2020-07-14 Orion Engineering Limited Handheld material analyser
CN112837982A (en) * 2021-02-24 2021-05-25 天津金曦医疗设备有限公司 X-ray source

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6516048B2 (en) 2001-02-01 2003-02-04 Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. X-ray generator
JP2006134876A (en) * 2004-11-02 2006-05-25 General Electric Co <Ge> Electron emitter assembly and method for generating electron beam
GB2446505A (en) * 2008-02-05 2008-08-13 Gen Electric X-ray generation using a secondary emission electron source
JP2015060735A (en) * 2013-09-19 2015-03-30 浜松ホトニクス株式会社 X-ray generation device and sample inspection device
US10712296B2 (en) 2016-12-23 2020-07-14 Orion Engineering Limited Handheld material analyser
CN112837982A (en) * 2021-02-24 2021-05-25 天津金曦医疗设备有限公司 X-ray source

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