JPH0394987A - Laser beam cutting method for ferrous thick plate material - Google Patents
Laser beam cutting method for ferrous thick plate materialInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0394987A JPH0394987A JP1233731A JP23373189A JPH0394987A JP H0394987 A JPH0394987 A JP H0394987A JP 1233731 A JP1233731 A JP 1233731A JP 23373189 A JP23373189 A JP 23373189A JP H0394987 A JPH0394987 A JP H0394987A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- laser beam
- cutting
- corner
- laser
- thick plate
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 14
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title abstract description 5
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000003698 laser cutting Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- -1 ferrous metals Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910001209 Low-carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910001315 Tool steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012768 molten material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
〔産業上の利用分野〕
この発明は、例えば軟鋼材、工具鋼材、ステンレス鋼材
等のような鉄系金属材料の内、６Ｎ以上の厚みをもつ鉄
系金属材料に対するレーザ切断法に関するものである。[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention is directed to a laser beam applied to ferrous metal materials having a thickness of 6N or more, such as mild steel, tool steel, stainless steel, etc. It concerns cutting methods.
第８−はレーザ加工機の概略を示丁図であり、図に訃い
て、（１》はレーザ＠ＦＲ器、（２）はレーザビーム、
（３》ａ反射鏡、（４）ハ加工ヘッド、（５）ＩｒＬ７
１０工Ｖ７ズ、（６）は加工ガス導入パイプ、（７）は
酸素ガス、（８）は加工ノズル、（９｝は被加工物であ
る。さらに第４ｌＫｆａ）は従来のレーザ切断法を表丁
図であク、αＯは加工経過を表している。１た第４図（
ｂ）は、第４図（ａ）によク得られた不良品の平面図を
示丁。No. 8 is a diagram showing the outline of a laser processing machine, and in the figure, (1) is a laser @ FR machine, (2) is a laser beam,
(3) a reflector, (4) c processing head, (5) IrL7
10 machining V7s, (6) is the processing gas introduction pipe, (7) is the oxygen gas, (8) is the processing nozzle, (9} is the workpiece.Furthermore, 4th lKfa) represents the conventional laser cutting method. In the diagram, αO represents the processing progress. Figure 4 (
b) shows a plan view of the defective product obtained in FIG. 4(a).
次に、従来のレーザ切断法について説明する。Next, a conventional laser cutting method will be explained.
レーザ＠振器（１）よク出射されたレーザビーム（２）
は、反射鏡（３）によク折ク返され、加工ヘッド（４）
１で送られる。加工ヘッド（４）に送られたレーザビー
ム（２》は、その内部に備え付けられた加工レンズ（５
）を通じて加工ヘッド（４）内に導入とれ、レーザビー
ム（２）の出射と同時に加エノズ／Ｌ／（８）よク被加
工？！＋（９）上へ噴射とれ、被加工物（９）（材質：
８３ ４ １，厚み６ｆｆ）を切断する。酸素ガス（
７）の役割は、溶融した金属表面との酸化反応を活発化
し、七の際生ずる酸化反応熟を利用して更に深くへ熱を
浸透ｅぜること、そして、材料裏面まで浸透した溶融物
を、酸素ガスの噴射圧力とそれによる冷却効果によク、
花粉状の粒子と化して除去する働きをもっている。Laser @ Oscillator (1) Laser beam emitted from (2)
is folded back by the reflecting mirror (3) and sent to the processing head (4).
Sent as 1. The laser beam (2) sent to the processing head (4) passes through the processing lens (5) installed inside the processing head (4).
) is introduced into the machining head (4) through the laser beam (2), and at the same time as the laser beam (2) is emitted, the workpiece is processed by the laser beam (L/8). ! + (9) Inject onto the workpiece (9) (Material:
83 4 1, thickness 6ff). Oxygen gas (
The role of 7) is to activate the oxidation reaction with the surface of the molten metal, utilize the oxidation reaction that occurs during step 7 to penetrate the heat even deeper, and remove the molten material that has penetrated to the back of the material. , due to the injection pressure of oxygen gas and its cooling effect,
It has the function of turning into pollen-like particles and removing them.
ここで、第４図（ａ）Ｖｃ示とれた四角形を、加工経過
αＧに従って切断する場合、１ず加工開始点で酸素ガス
（７）を噴射し、レーザビーム（２）を射出することに
より被加工物（９）の貫通を行い、加工経路ＧＯに従っ
て切断を行った後、酸素ガス（７）の噴射を止め、レー
ザビーム（２）の出力を止めることによ９切断をか
終了するわげである。ところ力、上記のような方法を用
いて、厚み６ｆｌ以上の鉄系金属材料（材質：ｓｓ４１
）を切断した場合、第４図（ｂ）に示丁ように、その角
郡に欠落（６）が生ずる。この理由は、特に鉄系金属の
場合は、非鉄金属に比べて一般に熱伝導率か極めて低い
（ｒｅ・・・４８Ｗ／ｍ−’ｋ 、Ａ １・・２ａ８Ｗ
／ｍ・’ｋ ）ことによク熱の拡散除去が容易でないた
めと考えられるが、上記方法では、切断中は（熱源が切
断経路を移勧レている間に）レーザビーム（２）は射出
した１１での加工となるうえ、特に角都では発生した熱
の逃げ場が元来少ないことから、このような角部での欠
落（１１）が発生するも？と考えられる。実験結果から
は、厚みが６Ｈ以上、角度９０°以下の鋭角を切断する
場合に、上記角部での欠落αＤが認められた。Here, when cutting the rectangle shown in FIG. 4(a) Vc according to the machining progress αG, first inject oxygen gas (7) at the machining start point and then emit the laser beam (2). After penetrating the workpiece (9) and cutting according to the processing path GO, the injection of oxygen gas (7) is stopped and the output of the laser beam (2) is stopped to complete the cutting. It is. However, using the method described above, a ferrous metal material (material: SS41) with a thickness of 6 fl or more is
), as shown in FIG. 4(b), a cutout (6) will occur at the corner. The reason for this is that, especially in the case of ferrous metals, their thermal conductivity is generally extremely low compared to non-ferrous metals (re...48W/m-'k, A1...2a8W
/m・'k) It is thought that this is because it is not easy to diffuse and remove the heat, but in the above method, the laser beam (2) is In addition to being processed with the injected 11, there is originally little place for the generated heat to escape, especially in corner areas, so this type of chipping at the corners (11) may occur. it is conceivable that. From the experimental results, when cutting at an acute angle with a thickness of 6H or more and an angle of 90° or less, loss αD was observed at the corner.
従来の鉄系厚板材料のレーザ切断法は以上のように構或
されているので、特に軟鋼材、工具鋼材、ステンレス鋼
材等といった鉄系金属で、かつ、厚み６ｆｌ以上の材料
の切ＩＩｉＦｒにあっては、切断経路中、９０°以下の
鋭角部で欠落が発生ずるという課題があった。The conventional laser cutting method for iron-based thick plate materials is structured as described above, so it is particularly useful for cutting IIiFr of ferrous metals such as mild steel, tool steel, stainless steel, etc., and materials with a thickness of 6 fl or more. However, there is a problem in that chipping occurs at acute angles of 90° or less during the cutting path.
この発明は、上記のような課題を解決するためにな賂れ
たもので、切断経過中の角部での放熱を行うことによク
、角部における欠落を生ずることなく切断することので
きる鉄系厚板材料のレーザ切断法を得ることを目的とす
る。This invention was developed to solve the above-mentioned problems, and by dissipating heat at the corners during cutting, it is possible to cut without causing any chipping at the corners. The purpose is to obtain a laser cutting method for iron-based thick plate materials.
この発明に係る鉄系厚板材料のレーザ加工法は、厚み■
ｏ＋以上の鉄系金属材料をレーザ切断する場合、切断経
路中の９０°以下の全ての鋭角部の頂点において、出力
中のレーザビームを一旦中断し、酸素ガスを数秒間噴射
とぜた後、再びレーザビームを射出してレーザ切断を再
開するものである。The laser processing method for iron-based thick plate material according to the present invention has a thickness of
When cutting iron-based metal materials of o+ or higher with a laser, the output laser beam is temporarily interrupted at the vertices of all acute angles of 90° or less in the cutting path, and oxygen gas is injected for a few seconds. The laser beam is emitted again to restart laser cutting.
この発明にかける鉄系厚板材料のレーザ切断法では、切
断経路におげる９０’以下の全ての鋭角部の頂点で一旦
射出中のレーザビームを止めることによク角部頂点での
母材の温度上昇を防ぎ、な訟かつ、その後、噴射圧力８
ｋ９／一以上の酸素ガスを１〜５秒間噴射して角部頂点
にかける母材を冷却することにより、角部頂点に留でる
熱を放熱することが可能となる結果、角部での欠落を生
ずることなく切断する。In the laser cutting method of iron-based thick plate material according to the present invention, the laser beam being emitted is temporarily stopped at the vertices of all acute angles of 90' or less in the cutting path. Prevent the temperature rise of the material, and then increase the injection pressure to 8
By injecting oxygen gas of k9/1 or higher for 1 to 5 seconds to cool the base material applied to the corner apex, it is possible to dissipate the heat that remains at the corner apex, resulting in less chipping at the corner. Cuts without causing any damage.
以下、本発明の一冥施例を図について説明する。 Hereinafter, one embodiment of the present invention will be explained with reference to the drawings.
第１図は本発明の冥施例を示す説明囚であり、従来例を
示した第４図（ａ）と同一又は相当部分は同一符号を付
し説明は省略する。FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention, and the same or corresponding parts as in FIG. 4(a) showing a conventional example are given the same reference numerals and the explanation thereof will be omitted.
加工ヘッド（４）に伝送されたレーザビーム（２）は、
その内部に備えられた加工レンズ（５》によク被加工物
（９）で焦点かむ丁ばれる。１た同時に、酸素ガス（７
）を被加工物（９）に吹き付けることにより、被加工物
（９）をＦｊ連する。加工開始点Ａｔ貫通した後、加工
経路００に従い、レーザビーム（２）と加工ガス（７〉
を射出しながら角ｉＢ点１で切断する。この角部Ｂ点を
回る場合、角部Ｂ点は鋭角部であるため熱容汝も小埒く
、かつ、Ｂ点での熱の逃げる場所が小さいため、熱の放
Ｐ！ができにくい状態にある。そこで、Ｂ点１で切断し
たら、角部Ｂ点にｐいて一旦、レーザビーム（２）の射
出を中断下ることにより母材の温度上昇を防ぐ。次に、
角部ｂ点にかいて酸素ガス（７）の吹き付げによクＢ点
での熱の放熱を行う。この際、どの程度の量の酸素ガス
（７）を吹き付げたら良いかの検討が必要であるが、夾
験の結果、８ｋｑ／ｃｄ以上の加工ガス圧を１〜６秒間
、Ｂ点で噴射することにより冷却効果が得られることが
わかった。そして、角部Ｂ点での放熱を夷施したら、再
びレーザビーム（２）を射出して次の角８０点Ｋ回って
切断するが、この時、角部ｂ点では欠落の発生がなくＢ
点を回ることができた。角部Ｃ点でも再びレーザビーム
（２）の射出を中断し、Ｂｋ（ハ）以上の酸素ガス（７
）を８秒間噴射した後、１たレーザビーム（２）を射出
して角部Ｄ点１で切断し、角度Ｄ点にかいても同様に角
部の放熱を行った後加工開始点Ａ１で切断する。The laser beam (2) transmitted to the processing head (4) is
The workpiece (9) is focused by the processing lens (5) provided inside.1 At the same time, the oxygen gas (7)
) is sprayed onto the workpiece (9) to connect the workpiece (9) to Fj. After passing through the processing start point At, the laser beam (2) and processing gas (7) follow the processing path 00.
Cut at corner iB point 1 while injecting. When going around this corner point B, the heat capacity is small because the corner B point is an acute corner, and the place where heat escapes at point B is small, so the heat dissipates P! It is difficult to do so. Therefore, after cutting at point B 1, the emission of the laser beam (2) is temporarily interrupted at the corner point B to prevent the temperature of the base material from rising. next,
The heat at point B is radiated by spraying oxygen gas (7) at point b at the corner. At this time, it is necessary to consider how much oxygen gas (7) should be blown, but as a result of testing, a processing gas pressure of 8 kq/cd or more was applied at point B for 1 to 6 seconds. It was found that a cooling effect can be obtained by spraying. After heat dissipation at the corner point B, the laser beam (2) is emitted again to cut around the next corner 80 points K. At this time, there is no breakage at the corner point B.
I was able to go around the dots. Emission of the laser beam (2) is again interrupted at the corner C point, and the oxygen gas (7
) for 8 seconds, then a laser beam (2) is emitted to cut at the corner D point 1, and after cutting at the corner D point, heat is dissipated in the same way, and then at the processing start point A1. disconnect.
尚、上記冥施例では、四角形を切断する場合について説
明したが、第２図に示すように、加工開始点Ａから切断
を開始し、円弧上の角部Ｂ点でも上記９ｉ！施例と同様
の効果を奏する。Incidentally, in the above example, a case was explained in which a rectangular shape is cut, but as shown in FIG. 2, cutting is started from the machining start point A, and even at the corner B point on the arc, the above 9i! The same effect as the example is achieved.
以上のように本発明によれば、厚み６Ｍ以上の鉄系金属
材料にかいて切断経路中の９０°以下の全ての鋭角部の
頂点において、射出中のレーザビームを一旦中断し、噴
射圧力８ｋＬｉ／ｄ以上の酸素ガスをｌ〜５秒間噴射さ
せた後、再びレーザビームを射出して加工を始めること
によク、角部頂点での母材の温度を防ぎ、なかかつ角部
頂点に留１る熱を放熱することが可能となるため、角部
での欠落を防止するという効果がめる。As described above, according to the present invention, the laser beam being emitted is temporarily interrupted at the vertices of all acute angles of 90° or less in the cutting path on a ferrous metal material with a thickness of 6M or more, and the injection pressure is 8kLi. After injecting oxygen gas of /d or more for 1 to 5 seconds, the laser beam is emitted again to start machining, thereby preventing the base material from heating up at the corner apex and keeping it at the corner apex. Since it is possible to dissipate the heat generated by the heat treatment, it is possible to prevent chipping at the corners.
第１図にこの発明の一実施例によるレーザ切断法を示丁
説明図、第２図はこの発明の他の実施例を示丁鉄系厚板
材料のレーザ切断法の説明図、第８図〜第４図は従来の
鉄系厚板材料のレーザ切断法を示し、第８図はレーザ加
工機の概略を示した構或図、第４図（ａ）はレーザ切断
法を示丁説明図、第４図（ｂ）は第４図（ａ）によク得
られた不良品の平面図でるる。
一において、（９）は被加工物、αＯは加工経路である
。
尚、（３）中、同一符号は同一、又は相当部分を示丁ＯFig. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing a laser cutting method according to one embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing another embodiment of the invention, and Fig. 8 is an explanatory diagram showing a laser cutting method of iron-based thick plate material. - Figure 4 shows a conventional laser cutting method for iron-based thick plate materials, Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of a laser processing machine, and Figure 4 (a) is an explanatory diagram showing the laser cutting method. , FIG. 4(b) is a plan view of the defective product obtained in FIG. 4(a). 1, (9) is the workpiece, and αO is the machining path. In addition, in (3), the same reference numerals are the same or equivalent parts are indicated as O.
Claims (1)
おける、その切断経路中の９０゜以下の全ての鋭角部の
頂点において、出力中のレーザビームを一旦中断し、酸
素ガスを数秒間噴射させた後、再びレーザビームを射出
してレーザ切断を再開することを特徴とする鉄系厚板材
料のレーザ切断法。When laser cutting iron-based metal materials with a thickness of 6 mm or more, the output laser beam was temporarily interrupted at the apex of all acute angles of 90° or less in the cutting path, and oxygen gas was injected for several seconds. A laser cutting method for iron-based thick plate material, which is characterized in that the laser beam is then emitted again to restart laser cutting.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1233731A JPH0394987A (en) | 1989-09-08 | 1989-09-08 | Laser beam cutting method for ferrous thick plate material |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1233731A JPH0394987A (en) | 1989-09-08 | 1989-09-08 | Laser beam cutting method for ferrous thick plate material |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0394987A true JPH0394987A (en) | 1991-04-19 |
Family
ID=16959692
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1233731A Pending JPH0394987A (en) | 1989-09-08 | 1989-09-08 | Laser beam cutting method for ferrous thick plate material |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0394987A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19506591A1 (en) * | 1994-02-24 | 1995-08-31 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Method of laser cutting involving a change in laser cutting conditions |
| US5994668A (en) * | 1995-01-31 | 1999-11-30 | Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha | Laser beam machining method with interrupt and restart functions |
-
1989
- 1989-09-08 JP JP1233731A patent/JPH0394987A/en active Pending
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19506591A1 (en) * | 1994-02-24 | 1995-08-31 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Method of laser cutting involving a change in laser cutting conditions |
| US5585018A (en) * | 1994-02-24 | 1996-12-17 | Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha | Laser cutting method eliminating defects in regions where cutting conditions are changed |
| DE19506591C2 (en) * | 1994-02-24 | 1997-02-20 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Process for cutting a workpiece with a laser beam |
| US5994668A (en) * | 1995-01-31 | 1999-11-30 | Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha | Laser beam machining method with interrupt and restart functions |
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