JPH0381638A - Method for obtaining replica of metallic structure - Google Patents
Method for obtaining replica of metallic structureInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0381638A JPH0381638A JP21595189A JP21595189A JPH0381638A JP H0381638 A JPH0381638 A JP H0381638A JP 21595189 A JP21595189 A JP 21595189A JP 21595189 A JP21595189 A JP 21595189A JP H0381638 A JPH0381638 A JP H0381638A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- curvature
- corroded
- specimen
- metal
- specimens
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 14
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 25
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract description 13
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229920002301 cellulose acetate Polymers 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229940081735 acetylcellulose Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SMEGJBVQLJJKKX-HOTMZDKISA-N [(2R,3S,4S,5R,6R)-5-acetyloxy-3,4,6-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]methyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC[C@@H]1[C@H]([C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H](O1)O)OC(=O)C)O)O SMEGJBVQLJJKKX-HOTMZDKISA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000218 acetic acid group Chemical group C(C)(=O)* 0.000 description 1
- 230000001066 destructive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006249 magnetic particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000003908 quality control method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011179 visual inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000037303 wrinkles Effects 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
〔発明の目的〕
(産業上の利用分野)
この発明は被検体の経年劣化(金属欠陥)を比較的容易
にして非破壊的に検出できる金属組織レプリカ採取方法
に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Object of the Invention] (Industrial Field of Application) The present invention relates to a metallographic replica collection method that allows relatively easy and non-destructive detection of aging deterioration (metal defects) in a specimen.
(従来の技術)
蒸気タービンや発電機等の大型電動機の回転体には材質
検査の為に検査孔が回転体の中心に穿設されており、こ
の検査孔を利用して例えば、磁粉探傷検査、超音波探傷
検査、浸透探傷検査等の非破壊検査を状況に応じて使い
わけ、目視検査とともに行なわれている。(Prior art) An inspection hole is drilled in the center of the rotating body of a large electric motor such as a steam turbine or a generator to inspect the material, and this inspection hole can be used to perform, for example, magnetic particle inspection. Non-destructive tests such as ultrasonic flaw detection and penetrant testing are used depending on the situation and are performed along with visual inspection.
そこで例えば蒸気タービンロータの中心孔では高温長時
間の使用中に炭化物の粗大化や、クリープ損傷によるボ
イドの発生があり、材料劣化の要因になっている。For example, in the center hole of a steam turbine rotor, during long-term use at high temperatures, carbides become coarse and voids occur due to creep damage, which causes material deterioration.
この為、最近では高度の品質管理が要求されており、大
型回転体については、上述の検査方法に加えて、回転体
のすみずみまで金属組織あるいは金属欠陥を検鏡し、材
料の長時間使用後の経年劣化の傾向を正確に把握する手
法が採られている。For this reason, advanced quality control has recently been required, and for large rotating bodies, in addition to the above-mentioned inspection methods, every corner of the rotating body is inspected for metal structures or metal defects, and the materials are used for long periods of time. A method is used to accurately grasp the tendency of subsequent deterioration over time.
その一つに電子顕微鏡を用いて被検体の一部を採取し、
そのテストピースから金属組織或いは金属欠陥の変化を
検鏡して材料の経年劣化を予測する手法がある。One of them is to collect a part of the specimen using an electron microscope.
There is a method of predicting aging of the material by observing changes in the metal structure or metal defects from the test piece.
しかし、この手法は廃材を用いて金属組織や金属欠陥を
検鏡するならともかく、実機適用の材料を採取し、それ
をテストピースに使用すれば正確な金属組織や金属欠陥
の変化を検鏡する点で最も好ましいものの、実機の強度
低下をまねき、ひいては実機の損壊につながる点で好ま
しくない。However, this method does not allow for examining the metallographic structure and metal defects using scrap materials; however, it is possible to collect the material used in the actual machine and use it as a test piece to examine changes in the accurate metallographic structure and metal defects. Although this is the most preferable in this respect, it is not preferable in that it causes a decrease in the strength of the actual machine and may even lead to damage to the actual machine.
(発明が解決しようとする課題〉
最近になって、実機適用の材料をテストピースとして採
取せず、実機適用材のまま金属組織や金属欠陥の変化を
簡易に検鏡する手法としてレプリカ方式がこの種の分野
で採用されている。(Problem to be solved by the invention) Recently, the replica method has been developed as a method to easily examine changes in metal structure and metal defects using the actual material without taking it as a test piece. It is used in the field of seeds.
この方式は、被検体面上を研磨し、エツチングを施行後
、有機溶剤を塗布し、アセチルセルローズフィルムを被
検体面に塗布し、その塗布膜に金属組織や金属欠陥を転
写し、その被膜を被検体から剥し、電子顕微鏡で検鏡す
るものである。In this method, after polishing and etching the surface of the specimen, an organic solvent is applied, an acetyl cellulose film is applied to the surface of the specimen, and the metal structure and metal defects are transferred to the coated film. It is removed from the subject and examined under an electron microscope.
この手法では簡易に金属組織や金属欠陥の変化を採取し
検鏡できるものの、被検体の形状が複雑だと必ずしも採
取・検鏡ができない。Although this method allows for easy sampling and microscopic examination of changes in metal structure and metal defects, it is not always possible to sample and microscopically examine the complex shape of the specimen.
すなわち、材料と材料とが直角ないし曲率コーナを形成
する隅部位に不適である。この部位に有機溶剤を塗布し
ても転写被膜が検査面に密着しなかったり、また被膜自
身にシワ等が生じたり、場合によっては被膜に気泡が生
成し、好ましい被膜が形成されない。That is, it is not suitable for corner areas where two materials form a right angle or a curvature corner. Even if an organic solvent is applied to this area, the transfer film may not adhere to the surface to be inspected, wrinkles may occur in the film itself, or bubbles may form in the film in some cases, so that a desirable film cannot be formed.
したがって本発明は、材料と材料とが直角ないし曲率コ
ーナを形成する隅部位でも、簡易にして好ましく金属組
織や金属欠陥の変化を採取・検鏡できる様にする金属m
ixレプリカ採取方法を提供することを目的とする。Therefore, the present invention provides a metal mould, which makes it possible to easily and preferably sample and examine changes in metal structure and metal defects even in corner areas where two materials form a right angle or a curvature corner.
ix replica collection method.
(課題を解決するための手段)
上記目的に沿って、この発明では研磨後、腐食液等で腐
食させた被検体の表面に酢酸綿3.0〜7.0重量%、
残部有機溶剤から成る混融剤を被検体に塗布して転写被
膜を形成させる金属組織レプリカ採取方法である。(Means for Solving the Problems) In accordance with the above object, in the present invention, after polishing, 3.0 to 7.0% by weight of acetic acid cotton is applied to the surface of the specimen corroded with a corrosive solution or the like.
This is a metallographic replica collection method in which a mixed flux consisting of a residual organic solvent is applied to the specimen to form a transfer film.
(作 用)
上記構成では、被検体相互が直角ないしは曲率をもって
交わる様な隅部位や複雑な形状の部位でも容易に転写被
膜を形成できる。(Function) With the above configuration, a transfer film can be easily formed even in a corner region where the objects to be examined intersect with each other at a right angle or with a curvature, or in a region with a complicated shape.
また、酢酸綿3.0〜7.0重量%としたのは3.0重
量%以下では転写被膜の厚みが不十分であり、被膜剥離
の際に、変形を起生ずる。Further, the acetic acid cotton content is 3.0 to 7.0% by weight, but if it is less than 3.0% by weight, the thickness of the transfer film will be insufficient and deformation will occur when the film is peeled off.
また酢酸綿が7.0重量%以上では混融剤の有機溶剤が
蒸発し易く多量の酢酸綿が塗布され、気泡を生じたり均
一な厚みの転写被膜が得られない。If the amount of cotton acetate is 7.0% by weight or more, the organic solvent of the blending agent tends to evaporate and a large amount of cotton acetate is applied, causing bubbles and making it impossible to obtain a transfer film of uniform thickness.
また上記条件を満す混融剤の最適範囲は、酢酸綿が3.
0〜7.0重量%であり、この範囲をこえた場合は最適
な転写被膜が得られない。Furthermore, the optimum range of the blending agent that satisfies the above conditions is 3.
The amount is 0 to 7.0% by weight, and if it exceeds this range, an optimal transfer film cannot be obtained.
(実施例)
次に本発明に係る実施例として被検体が曲率(3R)を
もって交わる様な部位について酢酸綿5.0重量%、有
機溶剤95.0重量%から成る混融剤を適用した場合に
ついて述べる。(Example) Next, as an example of the present invention, a mixed agent consisting of 5.0% by weight of acetic acid cotton and 95.0% by weight of an organic solvent was applied to a part where the specimens intersect with a curvature (3R). Let's talk about.
混融剤は酢酸綿(セルロースアセテート)粘土(L−3
0) 5.0重量%と有機溶剤アセトン95.0重量%
から成る混融物である。この様な混融物に被検体が曲率
をもって交わった部位でも混融剤が隅部まで被膜が形成
でき転写効果を高める。The blending agent is acetic acid cotton (cellulose acetate) clay (L-3
0) 5.0% by weight and organic solvent acetone 95.0% by weight
It is a mixed melt consisting of. Even in areas where the object to be examined intersects with such a mixture with a curvature, the mixture can form a film up to the corners, enhancing the transfer effect.
上記構成の転写剤を用いて被検体が曲率をもって交わっ
た部位から金属組織や金属欠陥を転写するには次の工程
を採る。The following steps are taken to transfer a metal structure or metal defect from a portion where the specimen intersects with curvature using the transfer agent having the above configuration.
まず、被検体が曲率をもって交わった部位の表面をパフ
研磨した後洗浄し、乾燥させ、つづいてナイタル(硝酸
とアルコールの混合液)等の腐食液で腐食させる。First, the surface of the area where the specimen intersects with curvature is polished with a puff, washed, dried, and then corroded with a corrosive solution such as Nital (a mixture of nitric acid and alcohol).
この様にすれば、被検体のクリープ損傷によるボイド、
炭化物の析出、極微な疵が明瞭に現出する。In this way, voids due to creep damage to the test object,
Carbide precipitation and minute scratches clearly appear.
次に被検体の曲率部位に混融物を3〜5秒噴出或いは3
〜5往復塗布すると30〜40.の転写被膜が約2〜3
分で形成される。形成された転写被膜を剥がして電子顕
微鏡で検鏡すると図面に示す様に金属組織や金属欠陥が
現出され、この様な結果から経年劣化の度合を予測し、
その寿命を推定する。Next, spray the mixture for 3 to 5 seconds on the curved area of the subject or
~ 30~40% when applied 5 times. The transfer film is about 2-3
Formed in minutes. When the formed transfer film is peeled off and examined under an electron microscope, the metal structure and metal defects are revealed as shown in the drawing. Based on these results, the degree of aging deterioration can be predicted.
Estimate its lifespan.
ところで、転写剤は上記組成のものを用いて金属組織や
金属欠陥を転写することでこの発明で説明したが、この
実施例に限らず、粘土の低いもの(LL−10,L20
)また高いも(7) (L−40,50゜70)を用い
ても被膜を形成することができる。By the way, although this invention has been explained by using a transfer agent having the above composition to transfer the metal structure and metal defects, the present invention is not limited to this embodiment.
) It is also possible to form a film using a high-grade polymer (7) (L-40, 50°70).
以上説明の通り、この発明は転写剤として酢酸綿3.0
〜7.0重量%、残部有機溶剤組成し、この転写剤を用
いて被検体の隅部にも適用できる様−段と簡易化したも
のでこの発明の採用によってこれまで検鏡できなかった
部位も容易に金属組織の変化を検鏡できしかも転写率も
高く、転写像も明瞭になる等の効果がある。As explained above, this invention uses acetic acid cotton 3.0 as a transfer agent.
~7.0% by weight, the remainder being an organic solvent, and using this transfer agent, it can be applied to the corners of the subject - a much simpler product, and by adopting this invention, it can be applied to areas that could not be examined with a microscope until now. It is also possible to easily examine changes in the metal structure using a microscope, and the transfer rate is also high, making the transferred image clearer.
図面は曲率半径31II11の隅部位を有する被検体に
酢酸綿5.0重量%、アセトン95.0重量%混融液で
転写した金属組織レプリカの電子検微鏡写真を示す図で
ある。
1・・・粒界 2・・・ボイド3・・・炭
化物The drawing shows an electronic microscope photograph of a metal structure replica transferred to a specimen having a corner portion with a radius of curvature of 31II11 using a mixed solution of 5.0% by weight of acetic acid cotton and 95.0% by weight of acetone. 1...Grain boundary 2...Void 3...Carbide
Claims (2)
綿3.0〜7.0重量%、残部有機溶剤から成る混融剤
を塗布することを特徴とする金属組織レプリカ採取方法
。(1) A metallographic replica collection method characterized by applying a mixed agent consisting of 3.0 to 7.0% by weight of acetic acid cotton and the balance organic solvent to the surface of the specimen whose surface has been corroded after polishing. .
特徴とする請求項1記載の金属組織レプリカ採取方法。(2) The method for collecting a metallographic replica according to claim 1, wherein the mixed flux contains a liquefied gas.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP21595189A JPH0381638A (en) | 1989-08-24 | 1989-08-24 | Method for obtaining replica of metallic structure |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP21595189A JPH0381638A (en) | 1989-08-24 | 1989-08-24 | Method for obtaining replica of metallic structure |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPH0381638A true JPH0381638A (en) | 1991-04-08 |
Family
ID=16680955
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP21595189A Pending JPH0381638A (en) | 1989-08-24 | 1989-08-24 | Method for obtaining replica of metallic structure |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JPH0381638A (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1978346A1 (en) * | 2007-04-02 | 2008-10-08 | United Technologies Corporation | Method for checking surface condition after cleaning process |
US8288462B2 (en) | 2008-08-28 | 2012-10-16 | Adeka Corporation | Polyolefin resin composition |
-
1989
- 1989-08-24 JP JP21595189A patent/JPH0381638A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1978346A1 (en) * | 2007-04-02 | 2008-10-08 | United Technologies Corporation | Method for checking surface condition after cleaning process |
US7805976B2 (en) | 2007-04-02 | 2010-10-05 | United Technologies Corporation | Method for checking surface condition after cleaning |
US8288462B2 (en) | 2008-08-28 | 2012-10-16 | Adeka Corporation | Polyolefin resin composition |
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