JPH0376076B2 - - Google Patents

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Publication number
JPH0376076B2
JPH0376076B2 JP30877190A JP30877190A JPH0376076B2 JP H0376076 B2 JPH0376076 B2 JP H0376076B2 JP 30877190 A JP30877190 A JP 30877190A JP 30877190 A JP30877190 A JP 30877190A JP H0376076 B2 JPH0376076 B2 JP H0376076B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
signal
coefficient
add
adder
delay
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
JP30877190A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPH03174889A (en
Inventor
Masaru Hirono
Shizuka Ishibashi
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hitachi Denshi KK
Original Assignee
Hitachi Denshi KK
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hitachi Denshi KK filed Critical Hitachi Denshi KK
Priority to JP30877190A priority Critical patent/JPH03174889A/en
Publication of JPH03174889A publication Critical patent/JPH03174889A/en
Publication of JPH0376076B2 publication Critical patent/JPH0376076B2/ja
Granted legal-status Critical Current

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  • Processing Of Color Television Signals (AREA)

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 〔産業上の利用分野〕 本発明は、カラーテレビジヨンカメラ(以下、
カメラ)等のテレビジヨン信号回路において、色
差信号、色信号等における雑音成分を低減し、テ
レビジヨン信号の信号対雑音比を大幅に向上させ
る雑音低減回路に関するものである。
[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a color television camera (hereinafter referred to as
The present invention relates to a noise reduction circuit that reduces noise components in color difference signals, chrominance signals, etc. in television signal circuits such as cameras) and significantly improves the signal-to-noise ratio of television signals.

〔従来の技術〕[Conventional technology]

第2図は、カメラに例を取つた場合の従来例を
示すブロツク図であり、各色撮像管等により得た
各原色信号R(赤)、G(緑)、B(青)はマトリク
ス回路MTXへ与えられ、こゝにおいて、輝度信
号Yおよび色差信号R−Y,B−Yとなつたう
え、色差信号R−Y,B−Yは、各々が低域波
器LPF1,LPF2により、雑音成分抑圧のための帯
域制限を受け、加算器ADD1,ADD2および遅延
回路DL1,DL2へ与えられる。
FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a conventional example when taking a camera as an example, and each primary color signal R (red), G (green), B (blue) obtained from each color image pickup tube etc. is connected to a matrix circuit MTX. Here, the luminance signal Y and the color difference signals R-Y, B-Y are provided, and the color difference signals R-Y, B-Y are each passed through the low frequency filters LPF 1 and LPF 2 . The signal is subjected to band restriction for noise component suppression and is applied to adders ADD 1 and ADD 2 and delay circuits DL 1 and DL 2 .

また、遅延回路DL1,DL2の各出力は、加算器
ADD1,ADD2直接与えられると共に、同様の遅
延回路DL3,DL4を介して加算器ADD1,ADD2
へ与えられるものとなつており、各遅延回路DL1
〜DL4が、各々1走査線すなわち1H(Hは、水平
走査線の始めから、つぎの水平走査線の始めまで
の期間)分の遅延回路を有するため、加算器
ADD1,ADD2においては、現在の色差信号R−
Y,B−Yと、1H前の同信号R−Y,B−Yと、
2H前の同信号R−Y,B−Yとが各個に加算さ
れる。
In addition, each output of delay circuits DL 1 and DL 2 is connected to an adder.
ADD 1 , ADD 2 are given directly, and the adders ADD 1 , ADD 2 are given via similar delay circuits DL 3 , DL 4 .
and each delay circuit DL 1
~ DL4 each has a delay circuit for one scanning line, that is, 1H (H is the period from the beginning of a horizontal scanning line to the beginning of the next horizontal scanning line), so the adder
In ADD 1 and ADD 2 , the current color difference signal R-
Y, B-Y, and the same signal R-Y, B-Y from 1H ago,
The same signals R-Y and B-Y from 2H ago are added to each one.

このため、加算器ADD1,ADD2の出力として
は、色差信号R−Y,B−Yを各々3H分づゝ加
算した信号が得られ、一般に映像信号は映像面の
垂直方向に対して相関性を有することにより、映
像分の電圧が3倍となるのに対し、雑音成分の相
関性は不特定であり、電力平均の√13とな
る。
Therefore, the output of the adders ADD 1 and ADD 2 is a signal obtained by adding the color difference signals R-Y and B-Y by 3H each, and generally the video signal has a correlation with respect to the vertical direction of the image plane. By having this property, the voltage of the video component is tripled, whereas the correlation of the noise component is unspecified and becomes √13 of the power average.

したがつて、映像成分と雑音成分との差が拡大
し、信号対雑音比が改善される。
Therefore, the difference between the video component and the noise component is increased, and the signal-to-noise ratio is improved.

信号対雑音比の改善された加算器ADD1
ADD2の各出力は、二重平衡変調器等の変調器
MOD1,MOD2へ与えられ、副搬送波SCを移相
器PS1により90°移相したもの、および移相器PS1
を介さないものを各個に変調し、色信号となつて
から加算器ADD3へ与えられる。
Adder ADD 1 with improved signal-to-noise ratio,
Each output of ADD 2 can be connected to a modulator such as a double balanced modulator.
MOD 1 and MOD 2 , subcarrier SC shifted by 90° by phase shifter PS 1 , and phase shifter PS 1
The signals that do not go through the chrominance signal are individually modulated to become color signals, which are then applied to the adder ADD 3 .

加算器ADD3には、マトリクス回路MTXから
の輝度信号Yおよび同期信号SYNが与えられて
いると共に、副搬送波SCに基づきバースト信号
発生器BGにおいて発生したバースト信号が与え
られており、これらが合成されたうえ、テレビジ
ヨン標準方式のテレビジヨン信号Svとして送出
される。
The adder ADD 3 is supplied with the luminance signal Y and synchronization signal SYN from the matrix circuit MTX, and is also supplied with the burst signal generated in the burst signal generator BG based on the subcarrier SC, and these are synthesized. In addition, it is transmitted as a television signal Sv of the television standard system.

〔発明が解決しようとする課題〕[Problem to be solved by the invention]

しかし、第2図の構成による場合には、雑音低
減に用いる遅延回路DL1〜DL4を4回路必要と
し、これにデイジタルメモリを用いれば、記憶容
量の大きなものを要すると共に、データのアクセ
スを制御する周辺回路、およびアナログ・デイジ
タル変換器、デイジタル・アナログ変換器等を要
するため、高価となるうえ、回路構成が複雑化す
る等の欠点を生ずる。
However, in the case of the configuration shown in Fig. 2, four delay circuits DL 1 to DL 4 are required for noise reduction, and if digital memory is used for this, a large storage capacity is required and data access is difficult. Since peripheral circuits for control, an analog-to-digital converter, a digital-to-analog converter, etc. are required, it is expensive and has drawbacks such as a complicated circuit configuration.

また、遅延回路DL1〜DL4にガラス遅延回路等
の超音波遅延素子を用いれば、伝送周波数帯域の
関係上、色差信号R−Y,B−Yをそのまゝ与え
ることができず、一旦周波数変換を行なつてから
遅延素子へ与えたうえ、これの出力を再び元の周
波数帯域へ復調する必要があり、この場合も回路
構成の複雑化により高価となる欠点を生ずる。
Furthermore, if ultrasonic delay elements such as glass delay circuits are used in the delay circuits DL 1 to DL 4 , the color difference signals R-Y and B-Y cannot be given as they are due to the transmission frequency band. It is necessary to perform frequency conversion and then apply it to the delay element, and then demodulate the output again to the original frequency band, which again has the drawback of complicating the circuit configuration and increasing the cost.

なお、以上の各欠点のほかに、遅延回路DL1
DL4による信号の遅延回路が存在し、本来は無信
号状態となるべき垂直ブランキング期間へ遅延成
分が現われ、テレビジヨン標準方式上の規定に反
するものになると共に、種々の障害を与える欠点
も生じている。
In addition to the above-mentioned drawbacks, the delay circuit DL 1 ~
There is a signal delay circuit due to DL 4 , and a delay component appears in the vertical blanking period, which should normally be a no-signal state, which violates the regulations of the television standard system and also has the disadvantage of causing various problems. It is occurring.

〔課題を解決するための手段〕[Means to solve the problem]

色差信号に基づいて作成した色信号へ所定の係
数を乗ずる第1の係数器と、前記所定の係数と補
数の関係を有する入力信号へ乗ずると共に垂直ブ
ランキングパルスに応じて前記係数の値が減少す
る第2の係数器と、前記第1および第2の係数器
の各出力を加算する加算器と、該加算器の出力を
入力として少なくとも1走査線分の遅延時間を与
えたうえ前記第2の係数器へ入力信号として与え
る遅延回路とを設けたものである。
a first coefficient multiplier that multiplies a color signal created based on a color difference signal by a predetermined coefficient; and a first coefficient multiplier that multiplies an input signal having a complement relationship with the predetermined coefficient, and the value of the coefficient decreases in accordance with a vertical blanking pulse. a second coefficient multiplier for adding the respective outputs of the first and second coefficient multipliers; an adder for adding the respective outputs of the first and second coefficient multipliers; The delay circuit is provided with a delay circuit which is supplied as an input signal to the coefficient unit.

〔作用〕[Effect]

第1の係数器で色差信号に基づいて作成した色
信号へ所定の係数が乗算され、それが第2の係数
器で前記所定の係数と補数の関係を有する入力信
号へ乗算されると共に、垂直ブランキングパルス
に応じて前記係数の値が減少するように処理さ
れ、加算器において第1および第2の係数器の各
出力が加算され、遅延回路で加算器の出力を入力
として少なくとも1走査線分の遅延を与えたう
え、前記第2の係数器へ入力信号として供給す
る。
The first coefficient multiplier multiplies the color signal created based on the color difference signal by a predetermined coefficient, and the second coefficient multiplier multiplies the input signal having a complementary relationship with the predetermined coefficient. The value of the coefficient is processed to decrease in accordance with the blanking pulse, each output of the first and second coefficient multiplier is added in an adder, and the output of the adder is input to a delay circuit for at least one scanning line. The signal is given a delay of 30 minutes and is then supplied as an input signal to the second coefficient multiplier.

〔実施例〕〔Example〕

第1図は本発明の一実施例を示すブロツク図で
ある。第1図は低域波器LPF1,LPF2を介した
色差信号R−Y,B−Yを変調器MOD1,MOD2
へ与えたうえ、それの出力を加算器ADD4により
合成し、色信号としてから、第1の係数器FM1
へ与えていると共に、加算器ADD11の出力を加
算器ADD3へ与えており、第1の係数器FM1では
所定の係数1−K(ただし、0<K<1)を色差
信号R−Y,B−Yへ乗じたうえ、加算器
ADD11へ与えている。
FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing one embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 shows the color difference signals R-Y and B-Y that have passed through the low-pass filters LPF 1 and LPF 2 and are sent to the modulators MOD 1 and MOD 2.
Then, the output thereof is combined by adder ADD 4 to form a color signal, and then the first coefficient multiplier FM 1
At the same time, the output of the adder ADD 11 is given to the adder ADD 3 , and the first coefficient multiplier FM 1 converts a predetermined coefficient 1-K (however, 0<K<1) into the color difference signal R- Multiply Y, BY and adder
Giving to ADD 11 .

また、加算器ADD11の出力は、遅延回路DL11
へ与えられており、加算器ADD11の各出力を入
力として遅延回路DL11が1H分の遅延時間を与え
たうえ、移相器PS11を介して第2の係数器FM3
へ入力信号として与える。
Also, the output of adder ADD 11 is sent to delay circuit DL 11
A delay circuit DL 11 receives each output of the adder ADD 11 as an input, gives a delay time of 1H, and then passes the outputs of the adder ADD 11 to the second coefficient multiplier FM 3 via a phase shifter PS 11 .
Give it as an input signal to.

係数器FM3は、係数器FM1の係数1−Kに対
して補数の関係を有する係数Kを入力信号へ乗ず
るものであり、これの出力が加算器ADD11へ与
えられ、加算器ADD11においては、各係数器
FM1とFM3の各出力が各々加算される。
The coefficient multiplier FM 3 multiplies the input signal by a coefficient K having a complement relationship with the coefficient 1-K of the coefficient multiplier FM 1 , and its output is given to the adder ADD 11 . In , each coefficient
The outputs of FM 1 and FM 3 are added together.

このため、係数1−Kを乗ぜられた色差信号R
−Y,B−Yは、1H分の遅延と係数Kの乗算と
を受けてから加算され、これを無限に反復するも
のとなり、第2図と同様の雑音低減効果を呈す
る。
Therefore, the color difference signal R multiplied by the coefficient 1-K
-Y and B-Y are added after being delayed by 1H and multiplied by a coefficient K, and this is repeated infinitely, providing the same noise reduction effect as in FIG. 2.

すなわち、係数器FM1の入力信号をSiとすれ
ば、加算器ADD11の出力Soは、次式により与え
られる。
That is, if the input signal of the coefficient multiplier FM 1 is Si, the output So of the adder ADD 11 is given by the following equation.

So=(1−K)Si+(1−K)Si・K +(1−K)Si・K2+(1−K)Si・K3+… =Si(1−Kn) ……(1) また、雑音成分の電力Pnは、次式により示さ
れる。
So = (1-K) Si + (1-K) Si・K + (1-K) Si・K 2 + (1-K) Si・K 3 +... = Si (1-K n ) ...... (1 ) Also, the power Pn of the noise component is expressed by the following equation.

したがつて、映像成分は(1)式により示されると
おり0<K<1の場合、ほぼ一定であるが、例え
ばK=0.5とするとき、雑音成分は(2)式から√
1/3となり、信号対雑音比が改善される。
Therefore, as shown by equation (1), the video component is almost constant when 0<K<1, but when K=0.5, for example, the noise component is calculated from equation (2) by √
The signal-to-noise ratio is improved by 1/3.

なお、第1においては、同期信号SYNと同様
に同期信号発生器等から供給される垂直ブランキ
ングパルスVBLが、各係数器FM1,FM3へ与え
られており、これによつて各係数器FM1,FM3
の乗ずる係数Kの値を減少させる結果、垂直ブラ
ンキング期間をおいて各係数器FM1の出力レベ
ルを増大させ、係数器FM3の出力レベルを低下
させている。
In the first case, a vertical blanking pulse VBL supplied from a synchronizing signal generator etc. in the same way as the synchronizing signal SYN is given to each coefficient multiplier FM 1 and FM 3 . FM 1 , FM 3
As a result of decreasing the value of the coefficient K by which the coefficient K is multiplied, the output level of each coefficient multiplier FM 1 is increased after a vertical blanking period, and the output level of the coefficient multiplier FM 3 is decreased.

このため、遅延回路DL11を介して加算器
ADD11を循環する信号が減少し、加算器ADD11
の入力はほぼ係数器FM1の出力のみとなり、垂
直ブランキング期間において遅延成分が現われ
ず、無信号状態となる。
For this reason, the adder is connected via the delay circuit DL 11 .
The signal circulating through ADD 11 is reduced and the adder ADD 11
The input is almost only the output of the coefficient multiplier FM 1 , and no delay component appears during the vertical blanking period, resulting in a no-signal state.

なお、この場合は、色信号が副搬送波の周波数
となつているため、遅延回路DL11としては、超
音波遅延素子をそのまゝ使用することができる。
In this case, since the color signal has the frequency of the subcarrier, an ultrasonic delay element can be used as is as the delay circuit DL11 .

また、テレビジヨン標準方式の場合、副搬送波
SCの周波数fSCと水平走査線周波数fHとは、常に
次式の関係となつている。
In addition, in the case of the television standard system, the subcarrier
The SC frequency f SC and the horizontal scanning line frequency f H always have the following relationship.

fSC=fH/2・455 ……(3) したがつて、係数455が奇数であり、1H毎に副
搬送波の位相が180°反転するものとなるため、遅
延回路DL11と第2の係数器FM3との間に、180°
の移相を行なう移相器PS11を挿入してある。
f SC = f H /2・455 ...(3) Therefore, the coefficient 455 is an odd number and the phase of the subcarrier is inverted by 180 degrees every 1H, so the delay circuit DL 11 and the second 180° between coefficient multiplier FM 3
A phase shifter PS 11 is inserted to perform a phase shift of .

たゞし、遅延回路DL11として超音波遅延素子
等を用いれば、出力端子として反転出力と非反転
出力とがあるため、反転出力を用いることによ
り、移相器PS11を集略することが自在となる。
However, if an ultrasonic delay element or the like is used as the delay circuit DL 11 , the output terminal has an inverted output and a non-inverted output, so by using the inverted output, the phase shifter PS 11 can be integrated. Become free.

このほか、PAL方式では、色差信号R−Yに
より変調される副搬送波SCの位相を、1H毎に反
転しており、更に、副搬送波SCの周波数fSCと水
平走査線周波数fHとが次式の関係となつている。
In addition, in the PAL system, the phase of the subcarrier SC modulated by the color difference signal R-Y is inverted every 1H, and the frequency f SC of the subcarrier SC and the horizontal scanning line frequency f H are The relationship is as follows.

fSC=(1135/4+1/625)fH ……(4) このため、第1の遅延回路DL11を遅延時間2H
に定めると共に、移相器PS11の移相量を180°に設
定する必要がある。
f SC = (1135/4 + 1/625) f H ......(4) Therefore, the first delay circuit DL 11 has a delay time of 2H.
It is necessary to set the phase shift amount of the phase shifter PS 11 to 180°.

たゞし、係数器FM1,FM3としては、可変利
得回路、プログラマブル減衰器等を用いればよ
く、常時は設定された係数に応ずる利得または減
衰量を呈し、垂直ブランキングパルスVBLに応
じて利得が低下し、あるいは減衰量の増大するも
のを用いればよいが、別途にアナログスイツチ回
路等を直列または並列に設け、垂直ブランキング
パルスに応じてオンまたはオフとし、通過する信
号を阻止するものとしても同様である。
However, as the coefficient multipliers FM 1 and FM 3 , variable gain circuits, programmable attenuators, etc. may be used, and they always exhibit a gain or attenuation amount according to the set coefficient, and a variable gain circuit or a programmable attenuator, etc. It is sufficient to use a device that reduces gain or increases attenuation, but it is possible to separately install an analog switch circuit or the like in series or parallel, and turn it on or off according to the vertical blanking pulse to block the signal passing through. The same is true for

なお、以上の雑音低減回路は、カメラのみなら
ず、条件に応じ、カメラ制御装置、カラーエンコ
ーダ等の各種映像機器へ設けても同様であり、遅
延回路DL11,DL12には、各信号をデイジタル信
号化のうえ、メモリ、シフトレジスタ等を用いて
もよく、場合によつては係数器FM3のみを垂直
ブランキングパルスVBLにより制御してもよい
等、種々の変形が自在である。
Note that the above noise reduction circuit can be installed not only in cameras but also in various video equipment such as camera control devices and color encoders depending on the conditions.The delay circuits DL 11 and DL 12 are configured to In addition to converting into a digital signal, a memory, a shift register, etc. may be used, and in some cases, only the coefficient multiplier FM 3 may be controlled by the vertical blanking pulse VBL. Various modifications are possible.

〔発明の効果〕〔Effect of the invention〕

以上の説明により明らかなとおり本発明によれ
ば、各単一の遅延回路により色差信号および色信
号の雑音が低減されると同時に、垂直ブランキン
グ期間が無信号状態となり、再生映像の画質向上
および、テレビジヨン標準方式への適合性確保が
達せられると共に、構成の簡略化および価格の低
減が容易に実現するため、カメラおよび各種の映
像機器において顕著な効果を呈する。
As is clear from the above description, according to the present invention, each single delay circuit reduces color difference signals and color signal noise, and at the same time, the vertical blanking period becomes a no-signal state, improving the image quality of reproduced video. , it is possible to ensure compatibility with the television standard system, and also to simplify the structure and reduce the price, which is a remarkable effect in cameras and various video equipment.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of drawings]

第1図は本発明の実施例を示すブロツク図、第
2図は従来例のブロツク図である。 FM1……第1の係数器、FM3……第2の係数
器、ADD11……加算器、DL11……遅延回路、
VBL……垂直ブランキングパルス。
FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a conventional example. FM 1 ...First coefficient multiplier, FM 3 ...Second coefficient multiplier, ADD 11 ...Adder, DL 11 ...Delay circuit,
VBL...Vertical blanking pulse.

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 1 色差信号に基づいて作成した色信号へ所定の
係数を乗ずる第1の係数器と、前記所定の係数と
補数の関係を有する入力信号へ乗ずると共に垂直
ブランキングパルスに応じて前記係数の値が減少
する第2の係数器と、前記第1および第2の係数
器の各出力を加算する加算器と、該加算器の出力
を入力として少なくとも1走査線分の遅延時間を
与えたうえ前記第2の係数器へ入力信号として与
える遅延回路とを設けたことを特徴とする色信号
雑音低減回路。
1. A first coefficient multiplier that multiplies a color signal created based on a color difference signal by a predetermined coefficient; a second coefficient unit that decreases, an adder that adds the respective outputs of the first and second coefficient units; 1. A color signal noise reduction circuit comprising: a delay circuit for supplying an input signal to a coefficient unit of No. 2 as an input signal.
JP30877190A 1990-11-16 1990-11-16 Color signal noise reduction circuit Granted JPH03174889A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP30877190A JPH03174889A (en) 1990-11-16 1990-11-16 Color signal noise reduction circuit

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP30877190A JPH03174889A (en) 1990-11-16 1990-11-16 Color signal noise reduction circuit

Related Parent Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP14300281A Division JPS5844880A (en) 1981-09-10 1981-09-10 Chroma signal noise reduction circuit

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH03174889A JPH03174889A (en) 1991-07-30
JPH0376076B2 true JPH0376076B2 (en) 1991-12-04

Family

ID=17985106

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP30877190A Granted JPH03174889A (en) 1990-11-16 1990-11-16 Color signal noise reduction circuit

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPH03174889A (en)

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH03174889A (en) 1991-07-30

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