JPH0369111B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0369111B2 JPH0369111B2 JP58104549A JP10454983A JPH0369111B2 JP H0369111 B2 JPH0369111 B2 JP H0369111B2 JP 58104549 A JP58104549 A JP 58104549A JP 10454983 A JP10454983 A JP 10454983A JP H0369111 B2 JPH0369111 B2 JP H0369111B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- photoreceptor
- toner
- copper
- amount
- developer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 108091008695 photoreceptors Proteins 0.000 claims description 36
- XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc stearate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- JXSRRBVHLUJJFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7-amino-2-methylsulfanyl-[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine-6-carbonitrile Chemical compound N1=CC(C#N)=C(N)N2N=C(SC)N=C21 JXSRRBVHLUJJFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052714 tellurium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 21
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 19
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 18
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N Selenium Chemical compound [Se] BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000011669 selenium Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229910052711 selenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910001215 Te alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 2
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000005313 fatty acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000002783 friction material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002379 silicone rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004945 silicone rubber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G13/00—Electrographic processes using a charge pattern
- G03G13/06—Developing
- G03G13/08—Developing using a solid developer, e.g. powder developer
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Dry Development In Electrophotography (AREA)
- Developing Agents For Electrophotography (AREA)
Description
１ 産業上の利用分野
本発明は、キヤリア及びトナーを含有する現像
剤を使用して感光体上の静電荷像を現像する現像
方法に関するものである。
２ 従来技術
例えば電子写真複写機において、感光体ドラム
上の残留トナーのクリーニング性能を良くするた
めに、感光体表面にステアリン酸亜鉛等の金属セ
ツケンからなる低摩擦係数物質を供給し、100〜
500Å程度の非常に薄い膜として被着し、この低
摩擦被膜によつて残留トナーを容易に剥離できる
ようにした技術が公知となつている。例えば、ス
テアリン酸亜鉛の固形物をブラシで擦つてそこに
付着させ、次にそのブラシを感光体ドラム表面に
接触させ、これによつて感光体ドラム表面にステ
アリン酸亜鉛の薄膜を形成している。
或いは、ステアリン酸亜鉛の微粒子をトナー中
に混入し、現像に供されるトナーと一緒にステア
リン酸亜鉛微粒子を感光体上に付着させ、その被
膜を形成している。ところが、ステアリン酸亜鉛
中の亜鉛は感光体、特にアモルフアスセレンの結
晶化を加速するという悪い作用をなし、感光体の
特性を劣化させてしまう。このため、感光体上の
ステアリン酸亜鉛の付着量が過剰とならないよう
に制御することが必要である。
そこで、セレンの結晶化を防止する効果のある
銅または銅合金をセレン層に供給することが、特
開昭57−72173号、同57−97572号公報において提
案されている。例えば、感光体ドラムに近接して
配されたブラシによつてステアリン酸亜鉛片及び
銅片を順次擦り取り、更にブラシから感光体表面
に各物質の粒子を付着せしめている。
しかしながら、この公知技術では、銅（又は銅
合金）がブラシによつて微粉状に供給され、その
微粉が直接若しくは過剰に感光体に接触するの
で、銅（又は銅合金）のセレン層への拡散速度が
大きくなり、比較的短時間にセレン層表面或に入
り込むことになる。
この結果、過剰量の拡散によつて、却つて感光
体の帯電能が低下してしまう。従つて、銅や銅合
金の供給速度、供給量を制御し難く、セレンの結
晶化防止効果よりも帯電能の低下が問題となる。
銅等を感光体上に供給する方法は上記以外にも
提案されているが、いずれも、銅等を正確に制御
された量で供給することができない。
３ 発明の目的
本発明の目的は、感光体のクリーニング性を良
好に維持しつつ、その結晶化を効果的に阻止し、
かつ帯電能等の特性を劣化させることのない方法
を提供することにある。
４ 発明の構成及びその作用効果
即ち、本発明は、キヤリア及びトナーを含有す
る現像剤を使用してセレン−テルル感光体上の静
電荷像を現像するに際し、ステアリン酸銅（結晶
化防止兼クリーニング補助剤）の粉状体を初期現
像に所定量混合せしめ、かつ補給用トナーには混
合せず、ステアリン酸亜鉛（クリーニング促進
剤）の粉状体を前記初期現像剤及び／又は補給用
トナーと混合せしめて供給することを特徴とする
現像方法に係るものである。
本発明の方法によれば、初期現像剤中にステア
リン酸銅の結晶化防止兼クリーニング補助剤を所
定量（即ち予め制御された量）混合せしめて現像
を行なつているので、感光体上へはトナーと共に
制御された量で銅を（化合物の形で）供給するこ
とができる。このために、セレン−テルル感光体
上には常に所望量の結晶化防止兼クリーニング補
助剤が供給されることになり、ステアリン酸亜鉛
の通常のクリーニング促進剤によつて引き起され
るセレン−テルル感光体の結晶化を効果的に防止
できるだけでなく、銅の感光層への総拡散量を正
確にコントロールして過剰拡散による感光体の帯
電能の劣化を充分に防止することができる。しか
も、補給用トナー及び／又は初期現像剤からはス
テアリン酸亜鉛の通常のクリーニング促進剤を適
宜、適切な量で供給でき、かつ結晶化防止兼クリ
ーニング補助剤の脂肪酸残基による低摩擦化作用
も発揮されるので、セレン−テルル感光体のクリ
ーニング性能も併せて向上させることが可能とな
る。
本発明の方法では、上記の初期現像剤におい
て、感光体の結晶化防止兼クリーニング補助剤と
してステアリン酸銅の粉状体をキヤリア以外の現
像を剤成分の合計量に対し0.05〜0.5重量％混合
せしめておくのが特に望ましい。即ち、その混合
量が0.05重量％未満では感光体の結晶化防止効果
が不充分となり、また0.5重量％を越えると供給
量が多くて過剰拡散による感光体の帯電電位の低
下が生じ易くなる。
５ 実施例
以下、本発明を実施例について詳細に説明す
る。
第１図は、アモルフアンセレン又はアモルフア
ンセレン−テルル合金を感光層とする感光体ドラ
ム９を組込んだ通常タイプの電子写真複写機の例
を示す。この複写機では、キヤビネツト４１の上
部には、原稿４２を載せるガラス製原稿載置台４
３と、原稿４２を覆うプラテンカバー４４とが配
されている。原稿台４３の下方では、光源４５及
び第１反射用ミラー４６を具備した第１ミラーユ
ニツト４７からなる光学走査台が図面左右方向へ
直線移動可能に設けられており、原稿走査点と感
光体との光路長を一定にするための第２ミラーユ
ニツト２０が第１ミラーユニツトの速度に応じて
移動し、原稿台４３側からの反射光がレンズ２
１、反射用ミラー８を介して像担持体としての感
光体ドラム９上へスリツト状に入射するようにな
つている。ドラム９の周囲には、コロナ帯電器１
０、現像器１１、転写部５２、分離部５３、クリ
ーニング部５４が夫々設置されており、給紙箱５
５から各給紙ローラー１６，１７を経て送られる
複写紙５８はドラム９のトナー像の転写後に更に
定着部５９で定着され、トレイ３５へ排紙され
る。定着部５９では、ヒーター２２を内蔵した加
熱ローラー２３と圧着ローラー２４との間に現像
済みの複写紙を通して定着走査を行なう。
この複写機における現像器１１は、第２図に明
示する如くに構成されている。
この現像器は基本的には、固定マグネツト１を
内蔵した回転式現像スリーブ２と、現像剤３の主
撹拌器４（撹拌板８付き）と、補給用トナー１０
の搬送及び補助撹拌に用いられるスパイラルスク
リユー６とが夫々筐体７内に設けられたものから
なつている。現像スリーブ２は感光体ドラム９に
近接して配され、このドラムとの間隙へ帯電した
現像剤３（トナーとキヤリアとの混合物）を移動
させてドラム９上に静電的に吸着させ、その静電
潜像をトナー像として現像する作用をなしてい
る。スリーブ２上の現像剤３の厚さは固定の厚さ
規制ブレード１５によつて決められる。また、補
給用トナー１０はスパイラルスクリユー６上の容
器１２内に収容され、この底部に配したポケツト
１３付きの回転式補給ローラー１４を介してその
ポケツト１３から供給される。
ここで注目すべきことは、現像器１１を使用し
て現像を行なうに際し、現像初期にのみ筐体７内
に収容する初期現像剤成分として、磁性キヤリ
ア、トナー、シリカ等の本来の成分と共に、感光
体９の結晶化防止兼クリーニング補助剤としての
ステアリン酸銅粉末を磁性キヤリア以外の本来の
成分に対し0.05〜0.5重量％（例えば0.2重量％）
予め添加していることである。しかも他方では、
上記初期現像剤の消費に伴つて適宜供給される補
給用トナー中に、トナー及びシリカ等と共に感光
体のクリーニング促進剤としてのステアリン酸亜
鉛粉末を添加している（添加量は例えば0.3重量
％）ことも重要である。なお、このステアリン酸
亜鉛粉末は勿論、上記初期現像中にも予め添加し
ておくこともできるし、或いは添加しておかなく
てもよい。
このようにして現像を行なえば、初期現像剤中
から制御された量のステアリン酸銅粉末をトナー
と一緒に感光体９上に供給できるので、感光体面
には自動的に所望量のステアリン酸銅を付着せし
め、これによつてセレンの結晶化を充二分に防止
できることになる。
同時に、ステアリン酸銅の供給量は予め正確に
決めることができるので、セレン層への過剰拡散
は生じず、常に感光体の帯電電位を高く保持する
ことが可能である。加えて、補給用トナーからは
ステアリン酸亜鉛を適宜供給できるため、上記の
ステアリン酸銅によりクリーニング補助効果も相
俟つて、感光体表面には良好な低摩擦被膜を形成
し、現像後の感光体上の残留トナーのクリーニン
グ性能を高めることができる。
こうした供給方法は、現像処理と同時に実施さ
れるから、従来技術における銅片−ブラシの組合
せといつた特別な装置を設置する必要が全くな
く、このために上記した供給量の正確な制御のみ
ならず複写機内の構造の簡略化を図ることができ
る。
第３図は、初期現像中に混合されるステアリン
酸銅の量による特性変化を示す実験結果である。
これによれば、ステアリン酸銅の混合量が0.05重
量％未満では感光体の結晶化が生じ易く、0.5重
量％を越えると帯電電位の劣化がかなり生じ易く
なるとが如実に分り、従つて0.05〜0.5重量％に
設定することが特に望ましいことが理解されよ
う。
このことを具体例について以下説明する。
小西六写真工業(株)製の電子写真複写機Ｕ−
Bix3000用の現像剤（磁性キヤリア及びトナーよ
り構成されている）にステアリン酸銅（関東化学
社製試薬）を、現像剤中に含有されているトナー
重量に対し夫々０重量％、0.1重量％、0.5重量
％、1.0重量％添加し、表−１に示した初期現像
剤１〜４を作製した。
1. Field of Industrial Application The present invention relates to a developing method for developing an electrostatic charge image on a photoreceptor using a developer containing a carrier and a toner. 2. Prior Art For example, in an electrophotographic copying machine, in order to improve the cleaning performance of residual toner on the photoreceptor drum, a low coefficient of friction material made of metal soap such as zinc stearate is supplied to the surface of the photoreceptor.
A technique is known in which the residual toner is deposited as a very thin film of about 500 Å and the residual toner can be easily removed by this low friction film. For example, solids of zinc stearate are rubbed with a brush to adhere thereto, and then the brush is brought into contact with the surface of the photoreceptor drum, thereby forming a thin film of zinc stearate on the surface of the photoreceptor drum. . Alternatively, fine particles of zinc stearate are mixed into the toner, and the fine particles of zinc stearate are deposited on the photoreceptor together with the toner used for development to form a film. However, zinc in zinc stearate has the adverse effect of accelerating the crystallization of photoreceptors, particularly amorphous selenium, and deteriorates the characteristics of the photoreceptor. Therefore, it is necessary to control the amount of zinc stearate deposited on the photoreceptor so that it does not become excessive. Therefore, it has been proposed in JP-A-57-72173 and JP-A-57-97572 to supply copper or a copper alloy, which has the effect of preventing selenium crystallization, to the selenium layer. For example, zinc stearate pieces and copper pieces are sequentially rubbed off using a brush placed close to the photoreceptor drum, and particles of each substance are then deposited from the brush onto the surface of the photoreceptor. However, in this known technique, copper (or copper alloy) is supplied in the form of fine powder by a brush, and the fine powder comes into direct or excessive contact with the photoreceptor, so that copper (or copper alloy) is not diffused into the selenium layer. The speed increases and the selenium penetrates into the surface of the selenium layer in a relatively short time. As a result, due to the excessive amount of diffusion, the charging ability of the photoreceptor is rather reduced. Therefore, it is difficult to control the supply rate and amount of copper or copper alloy, and the problem is that the charging ability is lowered rather than the crystallization prevention effect of selenium. Although methods for supplying copper or the like onto the photoreceptor have been proposed in addition to the methods described above, none of these methods allow the supply of copper or the like in an accurately controlled amount. 3. Purpose of the Invention The purpose of the present invention is to effectively prevent crystallization of a photoconductor while maintaining its cleanability,
The object of the present invention is to provide a method that does not cause deterioration of characteristics such as charging ability. 4 Structure of the invention and its effects That is, the present invention provides a method for developing an electrostatic image on a selenium-tellurium photoreceptor using a developer containing a carrier and a toner. A predetermined amount of a powder of zinc stearate (cleaning accelerator) is mixed with the initial developer and/or the replenishment toner, and a powder of zinc stearate (cleaning accelerator) is mixed with the initial developer and/or the replenishment toner. This relates to a developing method characterized by mixing and supplying. According to the method of the present invention, development is carried out by mixing a predetermined amount (i.e., a pre-controlled amount) of a copper stearate crystallization prevention agent and cleaning aid in the initial developer, so that the amount of copper stearate is mixed onto the photoreceptor. can supply copper (in the form of a compound) in controlled amounts with the toner. This ensures that the selenium-tellurium photoreceptor is always provided with the desired amount of anti-crystallization and cleaning aid, and that the selenium-tellurium photoreceptor is free from crystallization caused by the normal cleaning aid of zinc stearate. Not only can crystallization of the photoreceptor be effectively prevented, but also the total amount of copper diffused into the photosensitive layer can be accurately controlled to sufficiently prevent deterioration of the charging ability of the photoreceptor due to excessive diffusion. Moreover, the regular cleaning accelerator of zinc stearate can be supplied in an appropriate amount from the replenishment toner and/or the initial developer, and the fatty acid residue, which is a crystallization prevention and cleaning aid, also has a low friction effect. Therefore, the cleaning performance of the selenium-tellurium photoreceptor can also be improved. In the method of the present invention, copper stearate powder is mixed in the above-mentioned initial developer in an amount of 0.05 to 0.5% by weight based on the total amount of the developer components, as a developing agent other than the carrier to prevent crystallization of the photoreceptor and as a cleaning aid. It is especially desirable to keep it in place. That is, if the mixing amount is less than 0.05% by weight, the effect of preventing crystallization of the photoreceptor will be insufficient, and if it exceeds 0.5% by weight, the amount supplied will be too large and the charged potential of the photoreceptor will tend to decrease due to excessive diffusion. 5 Examples Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to Examples. FIG. 1 shows an example of a conventional electrophotographic copying machine incorporating a photosensitive drum 9 having a photosensitive layer made of amorphous selenium or an amorphous selenium-tellurium alloy. In this copying machine, a glass document mounting table 4 on which a document 42 is placed is mounted on the top of the cabinet 41.
3 and a platen cover 44 that covers the document 42. Below the document table 43, an optical scanning table consisting of a first mirror unit 47 equipped with a light source 45 and a first reflection mirror 46 is provided so as to be movable linearly in the left and right direction of the drawing, and is arranged to align the document scanning point with the photoreceptor. The second mirror unit 20 for making the optical path length constant moves according to the speed of the first mirror unit, and the reflected light from the document table 43 side is reflected by the lens 2.
1. The light enters a photosensitive drum 9 as an image carrier in a slit shape through a reflecting mirror 8. A corona charger 1 is installed around the drum 9.
0, a developing device 11, a transfer section 52, a separation section 53, and a cleaning section 54 are installed, and a paper feed box 5 is installed.
A copy sheet 58 fed from the copy sheet 5 through the sheet feed rollers 16 and 17 is further fixed in a fixing section 59 after the toner image is transferred from the drum 9, and is discharged onto a tray 35. In the fixing section 59, the developed copy paper is passed between a heating roller 23 having a built-in heater 22 and a pressure roller 24 to perform fixing scanning. The developing device 11 in this copying machine is constructed as clearly shown in FIG. This developing device basically consists of a rotary developing sleeve 2 with a built-in fixed magnet 1, a main stirrer 4 (with stirring plate 8) for the developer 3, and a replenishing toner 10.
A spiral screw 6 used for conveyance and auxiliary stirring of the liquid is provided in a housing 7, respectively. The developing sleeve 2 is disposed close to the photosensitive drum 9, and moves the charged developer 3 (a mixture of toner and carrier) into the gap between it and the drum to electrostatically adsorb it onto the drum 9. It functions to develop an electrostatic latent image into a toner image. The thickness of the developer 3 on the sleeve 2 is determined by a fixed thickness regulating blade 15. Further, the replenishment toner 10 is stored in a container 12 on the spiral screw 6, and is supplied from the pocket 13 via a rotary replenishment roller 14 with a pocket 13 disposed at the bottom thereof. What should be noted here is that when performing development using the developing device 11, as an initial developer component contained in the housing 7 only during the initial stage of development, along with the original components such as magnetic carrier, toner, and silica, Copper stearate powder, which serves as a crystallization prevention agent and cleaning aid for the photoreceptor 9, is added in an amount of 0.05 to 0.5% by weight (for example, 0.2% by weight) based on the original components other than the magnetic carrier.
This means that it has been added in advance. Moreover, on the other hand,
Zinc stearate powder is added as a photoreceptor cleaning accelerator along with the toner and silica to the replenishment toner that is supplied as needed as the initial developer is consumed (the amount added is, for example, 0.3% by weight). It is also important that Incidentally, this zinc stearate powder may of course be added in advance during the above-mentioned initial development, or may not be added. If development is carried out in this manner, a controlled amount of copper stearate powder can be supplied from the initial developer together with the toner onto the photoreceptor 9, so that the desired amount of copper stearate is automatically applied to the surface of the photoreceptor. By this, crystallization of selenium can be sufficiently prevented. At the same time, since the amount of copper stearate supplied can be accurately determined in advance, excessive diffusion into the selenium layer does not occur, and it is possible to always maintain a high charged potential on the photoreceptor. In addition, since zinc stearate can be supplied appropriately from the replenishment toner, the above-mentioned copper stearate has a cleaning aiding effect, and forms a good low-friction film on the surface of the photoconductor, which makes the photoconductor smooth after development. The cleaning performance of residual toner on the top can be improved. Since this feeding method is carried out simultaneously with the developing process, there is no need to install special equipment such as the copper strip-brush combination in the prior art, and for this reason, only the accurate control of the feeding amount described above is required. First, the structure inside the copying machine can be simplified. FIG. 3 shows experimental results showing changes in characteristics depending on the amount of copper stearate mixed during initial development.
According to this, it is clear that when the amount of copper stearate mixed is less than 0.05% by weight, crystallization of the photoreceptor tends to occur, and when it exceeds 0.5% by weight, the charging potential is considerably likely to deteriorate. It will be appreciated that a setting of 0.5% by weight is particularly desirable. This will be explained below using a specific example. Electrophotocopy machine U- manufactured by Konishiroku Photo Industry Co., Ltd.
Copper stearate (reagent manufactured by Kanto Kagaku Co., Ltd.) was added to the developer for Bix3000 (consisting of a magnetic carrier and toner) at 0% by weight and 0.1% by weight, respectively, based on the weight of the toner contained in the developer. Initial developers 1 to 4 shown in Table 1 were prepared by adding 0.5% by weight and 1.0% by weight.
【表】
これらの現像剤をセレン−テルル合金からなる
感光体を組込んだ電子写真複写機Ｕ−Bix3000の
現像器に投入して、40℃、60％RHの高温環境下
で実写テストを行なつた。補給用のトナーには、
クリーニング促進剤としてステアリン酸亜鉛（関
東化学社製）をトナー重量に対して0.2重量％添
加した。
表−２に、反射濃度1.3の黒紙原稿を露光した
際の現像位置に於ける感光体表面電位VB（初期設
定値：900V）の推移を示す。[Table] These developers were put into the developing device of an electrophotographic copying machine U-Bix3000 that incorporates a photoconductor made of selenium-tellurium alloy, and a photocopying test was conducted in a high-temperature environment of 40°C and 60% RH. Summer. For refill toner,
Zinc stearate (manufactured by Kanto Kagaku Co., Ltd.) was added as a cleaning accelerator in an amount of 0.2% by weight based on the weight of the toner. Table 2 shows the change in the photoreceptor surface potential V B (initial setting value: 900 V) at the development position when a black paper original with a reflection density of 1.3 was exposed.
【表】
この結果から、ステアリン酸銅がトナー重量に
対し、1.0重量％以内であると感光体表面電位が
充分高く保持され、それに伴ない、コピー画像の
最高濃度が高く保持されることが分つた。
感光層の表面結晶化に起因する画像欠陥は、現
像剤１を用いた場合には10000コピーを過ぎると
ハーフトーン画像の再現不良及び鉛筆原稿の再現
不良（文字トビ）という状態で発生した。
ステアリン酸銅を添加した現像剤２〜４を用い
た場合には、20000コピーの実写テスト内では感
光体表面結晶化は発生しなかつた。
なお、以上に述べた実施例は本発明の技術的思
想に基いて種々変形可能である。
例えば、主として補給用トナーに添加されるク
リーニング促進剤は、補給用トナーに混合して供
給するのがよいが、初期現像剤中にのみ（この場
合は多めに混合）混合して供給することもでき
る。また、現像方式は上述したものに限らず、
種々変更してよいし、複写機の構成も変更するこ
とができ、例えば押圧中間転写方式（シリコーン
ゴム中間転写体を用いた粘着転写、定着方式）と
してもよい。使用するキヤリアは磁性キヤリアで
なくてもよい。
６ 発明の効果
本発明は、上述した如く、現像初期にのみ供給
される初期現像剤に結晶化防止兼クリーニング補
助剤であるステアリン酸銅を所定量添加し、かつ
補給用トナー及び／又は初期現像剤にクリーニン
グ促進剤であるステアリン酸亜鉛を添加している
ので、感光体上への各供給量（特に結晶化防止兼
クリーニング補助剤）を正確に制御でき、感光体
の結晶化をその帯電能を劣化させることなく防止
し、かつ感光体のクリーニング性能を高めること
ができる。しかも、これを現像器の動作によつて
実現しているので、構造的にみて追加の構成部材
が不要となり、構造が簡略となる。[Table] From this result, it is clear that when copper stearate is within 1.0% by weight based on the toner weight, the surface potential of the photoreceptor is maintained sufficiently high, and the maximum density of the copied image is accordingly maintained high. Ivy. Image defects caused by surface crystallization of the photosensitive layer occurred in the form of poor reproduction of halftone images and poor reproduction of pencil originals (text blanking) after 10,000 copies were made using Developer 1. When developers 2 to 4 to which copper stearate was added were used, no crystallization occurred on the surface of the photoreceptor within the 20,000 copy test. Note that the embodiments described above can be modified in various ways based on the technical idea of the present invention. For example, cleaning promoters that are mainly added to replenishment toner should be supplied mixed with the replenishment toner, but it may also be supplied mixed only (in this case, mixed in a large amount) with the initial developer. can. In addition, the development method is not limited to the one mentioned above.
Various changes may be made, and the configuration of the copying machine may also be changed. For example, a pressure intermediate transfer method (adhesive transfer and fixing method using a silicone rubber intermediate transfer member) may be used. The carrier used does not have to be a magnetic carrier. 6. Effects of the Invention As described above, the present invention adds a predetermined amount of copper stearate, which is a crystallization prevention agent and a cleaning aid, to the initial developer supplied only at the initial stage of development, and also adds to the replenishment toner and/or Since zinc stearate, a cleaning accelerator, is added to the agent, it is possible to precisely control the amount of each supply onto the photoconductor (especially crystallization prevention and cleaning aid), and the crystallization of the photoconductor is controlled by its charging ability. can be prevented without deterioration, and the cleaning performance of the photoreceptor can be improved. Moreover, since this is achieved by the operation of the developing device, no additional structural members are required from a structural standpoint, and the structure is simplified.
図面は本発明の実施例を示すものであつて、第
１図は電子写真複写機の概略断面図、第２図は現
像器の拡大断面図、第３図はステアリン酸銅の含
有量による特性変化を示すグラフである。なお、
図面に示された符号において、
２……現像スリーブ、３……現像剤、４……主
撹拌器、６……スパイラルスクリユー、９……感
光体ドラム、１０……補給用トナー、１１……現
像器、１４……補給ローラー、１５……トナー厚
み規制板である。
The drawings show embodiments of the present invention, in which Fig. 1 is a schematic sectional view of an electrophotographic copying machine, Fig. 2 is an enlarged sectional view of a developing device, and Fig. 3 shows characteristics depending on the content of copper stearate. It is a graph showing changes. In addition,
In the symbols shown in the drawings, 2...Developing sleeve, 3...Developer, 4...Main stirrer, 6...Spiral screw, 9...Photosensitive drum, 10...Replenishment toner, 11... ...developing device, 14...replenishment roller, 15...toner thickness regulating plate.
Claims (1)
してセレン−テルル感光体上の静電荷像を現像す
るに際し、ステアリン酸銅の粉状体を初期現像剤
に所定量混合せしめ、かつ補給用トナーには混合
せず、ステアリン酸亜鉛の粉状体を前記初期現像
剤及び／又は補給用トナーと混合せしめて供給す
ることを特徴とする現像方法。1. When developing an electrostatic charge image on a selenium-tellurium photoreceptor using a developer containing carrier and toner, a predetermined amount of powdered copper stearate is mixed with the initial developer and added to the replenishment toner. A developing method characterized in that zinc stearate powder is mixed with the initial developer and/or replenishment toner and supplied without being mixed.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP58104549A JPS59228667A (en) | 1983-06-10 | 1983-06-10 | Development method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP58104549A JPS59228667A (en) | 1983-06-10 | 1983-06-10 | Development method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS59228667A JPS59228667A (en) | 1984-12-22 |
| JPH0369111B2 true JPH0369111B2 (en) | 1991-10-30 |
Family
ID=14383553
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP58104549A Granted JPS59228667A (en) | 1983-06-10 | 1983-06-10 | Development method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS59228667A (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH01246563A (en) * | 1988-03-29 | 1989-10-02 | Konica Corp | Image forming method |
| JP2006221077A (en) * | 2005-02-14 | 2006-08-24 | Ricoh Co Ltd | Toner, image forming apparatus and process cartridge |
-
1983
- 1983-06-10 JP JP58104549A patent/JPS59228667A/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS59228667A (en) | 1984-12-22 |
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