JPH0367118B2 - - Google Patents
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- Publication number
- JPH0367118B2 JPH0367118B2 JP12578983A JP12578983A JPH0367118B2 JP H0367118 B2 JPH0367118 B2 JP H0367118B2 JP 12578983 A JP12578983 A JP 12578983A JP 12578983 A JP12578983 A JP 12578983A JP H0367118 B2 JPH0367118 B2 JP H0367118B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- coal
- particle size
- slurry
- particles
- size distribution
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
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- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 151
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims description 101
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 46
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000003250 coal slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 57
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 21
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 15
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 15
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003945 anionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012798 spherical particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 102100022704 Amyloid-beta precursor protein Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 101000823051 Homo sapiens Amyloid-beta precursor protein Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- DZHSAHHDTRWUTF-SIQRNXPUSA-N amyloid-beta polypeptide 42 Chemical compound C([C@@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCSC)C(=O)N[C@@H](C(C)C)C(=O)NCC(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](C(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](C(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(O)=O)[C@@H](C)CC)C(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](CC=1C=CC=CC=1)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](CCCCN)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(N)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CC=1N=CNC=1)NC(=O)[C@H](CC=1N=CNC=1)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CC=1C=CC(O)=CC=1)NC(=O)CNC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CC=1N=CNC=1)NC(=O)[C@H](CCCNC(N)=N)NC(=O)[C@H](CC=1C=CC=CC=1)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](C)NC(=O)[C@@H](N)CC(O)=O)C(C)C)C(C)C)C1=CC=CC=C1 DZHSAHHDTRWUTF-SIQRNXPUSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000149 argon plasma sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003889 chemical engineering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009969 flowable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002269 spontaneous effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010333 wet classification Methods 0.000 description 1
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
〔発明の利用分野〕
本発明は、粉砕した後粒径分布調整を行つた粉
炭と溶媒とを混合することにより、管路輸送が可
能な程度の粘性を有する石炭スラリーの製造法に
関する。Detailed Description of the Invention [Field of Application of the Invention] The present invention provides a coal slurry having a viscosity sufficient to be transported through pipes by mixing pulverized coal that has been pulverized and then adjusted in particle size distribution with a solvent. Concerning the manufacturing method.
粉体のスラリー輸送技術は、固体である粉体を
取扱いが簡単な流体状として輸送する方法として
古くから研究が行なわれている。近年、石炭の輸
送に上記スラリー輸送技術を適用し、石炭の自然
発火や粉じん飛散等の問題がなく安全で、しかも
管路輸送が可能なため取扱いが容易で輸送効率の
向上を図る方法が種々開発されている。これらの
方法としてCOM（重油−石炭混合物）、CWH「（水
−石炭混合物）、CMM（メタノール−石炭混合
物）等の石炭スラリーを用いる方法がある。
Powder slurry transportation technology has been studied for a long time as a method for transporting solid powder as a fluid that is easy to handle. In recent years, various methods have been developed to apply the above-mentioned slurry transportation technology to the transportation of coal, which is safe without problems such as coal spontaneous combustion or dust scattering, and which is easy to handle and improves transportation efficiency because it can be transported through pipes. being developed. These methods include methods using coal slurries such as COM (heavy oil-coal mixture), CWH (water-coal mixture), and CMM (methanol-coal mixture).
このような石炭スラリーにおいては、石炭含有
量をでき得る限り大きくすることが石炭の輸送効
率を向上する上で重要なことである。しかし石炭
の含有量が大きくすると製造されたスラリーの粘
性が高くなり、ひいてはスラリーの流動性が無く
なつてしまうためスラリーの管路輸送が不可能と
なる。このため石炭スラリーにおける石炭含有量
には自ずと上限があり、実用に供する程度の粘性
を有するスラリーではその限界値は50〜55重量％
である。 In such a coal slurry, it is important to increase the coal content as much as possible in order to improve coal transportation efficiency. However, when the content of coal increases, the viscosity of the slurry produced becomes high, and as a result, the fluidity of the slurry is lost, making it impossible to transport the slurry through pipes. For this reason, there is naturally an upper limit to the coal content in coal slurry, and for slurries with a viscosity that is suitable for practical use, the limit value is 50 to 55% by weight.
It is.
一方、粉体と液体の混合物であるスラリーの粘
性に関する研究は理想的な粉体形状である球状粒
子を用いて古くから行われており、現在までに概
略以下の結論が得られている。 On the other hand, research on the viscosity of slurry, which is a mixture of powder and liquid, has been conducted for a long time using spherical particles, which are an ideal powder shape, and the following general conclusions have been obtained so far.
(1) スラリーの粘度は、その中に含有される粉体
が最密充てんされた時に存在する粒子間空隙空
間の割合と関係し、同一固体濃度においては、
最密充てん時の粒子間空隙空間が小さい粉体の
スラリー程低い。（R.Roscoe、Brit.J.APPI.
Phys.、３、267（1952）、R.J.Farris、Trans.
Soc.Rheolgy、12、281（1968）、森芳郎、化学
工学、20、488（1956）、J.V.Robinson、J.Phys.
＆Colloid Chem、53、1042（1949））
(2) 最密充てん時の粒子間空隙空間は、粒子が単
一粒径でなく、複数の異なる粒径を持つている
場合に小さくなる。（A.E.R.Westman、J.Am.
Ceram.Soc.13、769（1938）、R.K.McGeary、J.
Am.Seram.Soc.、44、513（1961）、F.D.
Anderegg、Ind.Eng.Chem.、23、1058（1931））
すなわち上記(2)の研究において、第１図に示す
ように異なる粒径を持つ粒子が混合された粉体で
は、大径の粒子間の空隙空間に小径の粒子が充て
んされ、粒子の粒径幅（最大粒径から最小粒径の
幅）が大きい程、最密充てん時におけるその粉体
の空隙空間は小さくなり、より密に充てんされる
ことになることを述べている。このことから異な
る粒径を持つ粒子を密に充てんされた粉体に液体
を加えてスラリーとする場合、粒径幅が大きく密
に充てんされる粉体程、スラリーに流動性を与え
るに必要な液体量が少なくて良いことが想定され
うる。(1) The viscosity of a slurry is related to the proportion of interparticle void spaces that exist when the powders contained therein are packed close-packed; at the same solids concentration,
The smaller the interparticle pore space at the time of closest packing, the lower the powder slurry. (R.Roscoe, Brit.J.APPI.
Phys., 3 , 267 (1952), RJ Farris, Trans.
Soc.Rheolgy, 12 , 281 (1968), Yoshiro Mori, Chemical Engineering, 20 , 488 (1956), JVRobinson, J.Phys.
& Colloid Chem, 53 , 1042 (1949)) (2) The interparticle void space during close packing becomes smaller when the particles do not have a single particle size but have multiple different particle sizes. (AERWestman, J.Am.
Ceram.Soc. 13 , 769 (1938), RKMcGeary, J.
Am.Seram.Soc., 44 , 513 (1961), FD
Anderegg, Ind.Eng.Chem., 23 , 1058 (1931)) In other words, in the study of (2) above, as shown in Fig. The void spaces between the powders are filled with small-diameter particles, and the larger the particle size width (width from the maximum particle size to the minimum particle size), the smaller the void spaces of the powder at the time of closest packing, and the more dense the powder becomes. It states that it will be filled. Therefore, when making a slurry by adding a liquid to a powder that is densely packed with particles with different particle sizes, the larger the particle size range and the more densely packed the powder is, the more fluid it is necessary to give the slurry fluidity. It can be assumed that a small amount of liquid is sufficient.
したがつて上記(1)の研究において、粉体と液体
とを混合することにより流動性のあるスラリーと
する場合、同一濃度に於ては粉体粒子の粒径幅が
広い程流動性が高い、即ち低粘性のスラリーを製
造することが可能となることを述べている。 Therefore, in the research on (1) above, when mixing powder and liquid to make a fluid slurry, the wider the particle size range of the powder particles at the same concentration, the higher the fluidity. , that is, it is possible to produce a slurry with low viscosity.
最密充てん時の粒子間空隙空間ができるだけ小
さくなるように粒径を調整する方法として、異な
る粒径を持つ複数の粉体を混合する方法と、広い
粒径範囲に亘り連続的に分布するように粉砕する
方法が知られている。最密充てん時の粒子間空隙
空間を小さくするような連結粒径分布に関して
も、古くから研究が行われており、アンドレアセ
ン式（A.H.M.Audreasen、Kolloid−Z.50、217
（1930））が知られている。これらの方法の中で代
表的なものであるアンドレアセン式は次式の様に
表わされる。 There are two methods to adjust the particle size so that the interparticle void space during close packing is as small as possible: one is to mix multiple powders with different particle sizes, and the other is to adjust the particle size so that the particle size is continuously distributed over a wide range of particle sizes. A method of grinding is known. Research has been conducted for a long time on the connected particle size distribution that reduces the interparticle void space during close packing, and the Andreasen equation (AHMAudreasen, Kolloid-Z. 50 , 217
(1930)) is known. The Andreasen equation, which is a typical one among these methods, is expressed as the following equation.
Ｆ＝（Ｄ／DL）n・100
ここでＤは粒径（μｍ）、Ｆは粒径Ｄよりも細
かい粒子の累積重合割合（重量％）、DLは粒子の
最大粒径、ｎは0.2〜0.7の値を持つ定数である。
第２図はアンドレアン式において、DL＝300μｍ、
ｎ＝0.46としたときの粒径分布曲線である。 F=(D/D L ) n・100 where D is the particle size (μm), F is the cumulative polymerization ratio (wt%) of particles finer than the particle size D, D L is the maximum particle size of the particles, and n is It is a constant with a value between 0.2 and 0.7.
Figure 2 shows D L = 300μm in the Andrean equation.
This is a particle size distribution curve when n=0.46.
このような分布曲線を持つ粒子によりスラリー
を製造することにより高濃度のスラリーを製造す
ることは可能である。 It is possible to produce a highly concentrated slurry by producing a slurry using particles having such a distribution curve.
しかし、上記の密充てんを与える粒径分布式は
粉体が理想的な球形粒子より構成されている場合
であり、粉砕石炭のように粒子形状が球形でなく
不規則なものに対するものではない。したがつて
上記の粒径分布に合うように石炭を粒径調整して
も必ずしも最密充てんを与えるわけではなく、ま
たこのように調整した石炭と液体を混合すること
によりスラリーを製造しても、必ずしも低粘性を
与えるものでもない。このため管路輸送が可能な
低粘性の高濃度石炭スラリーの製造は困難であつ
た。 However, the above particle size distribution formula that provides dense packing applies when the powder is composed of ideal spherical particles, and is not applicable to particles whose particle shape is not spherical and irregular, such as pulverized coal. Therefore, adjusting the particle size of coal to match the above particle size distribution does not necessarily provide close packing, and even if a slurry is produced by mixing coal and liquid adjusted in this way, , it does not necessarily give low viscosity. For this reason, it has been difficult to produce a low-viscosity, high-concentration coal slurry that can be transported through pipes.
本発明の目的は、管路輸送が可能な粘性を有す
る高濃度石炭スラリーの製造方法を提供すること
にある。
An object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a highly concentrated coal slurry having a viscosity that allows pipe transportation.
〔発明の概要〕
本発明者らは、種々の粒径分布に粉砕した石炭
粒子を用いて高濃度スラリーを調製しその粘度を
調べると同時に、これら粉砕炭の空隙率の測定に
より石炭に対して最適の粒径分布の探索を行つた
結果、本発明に到達したものである。異なる粒径
を持つ粒子が混合された粉体を、振動を加えるか
あるいは遠心力下で最密充てんされるように充て
んした場合、第１図に示すように大粒径粒子の間
隙に小粒径粒子が順次充てんされるため、単一粒
径の粒子の充てん時よりも高密度に充てんされ
る。[Summary of the Invention] The present inventors prepared a highly concentrated slurry using coal particles pulverized into various particle size distributions and investigated the viscosity of the slurry. The present invention was arrived at as a result of searching for the optimal particle size distribution. When a powder containing a mixture of particles with different particle sizes is packed in a close-packed manner by applying vibration or under centrifugal force, small particles are mixed between the large particles as shown in Figure 1. Since particles of different diameters are filled in sequence, the particles are packed more densely than when particles of a single diameter are filled.
しかし粉体に液体を添加し流動性を有するスラ
リーに必要かつ充分の流動性を与えるのに必要な
量の液体を添加することが必要である。第３図は
流動性のあるスラリー中の粒子の充てん状態を模
式的に示したものであつて、第３図中、１では粒
子間空隙空間を充満する液体（間隙液）、２では
流動媒体として作用する液体（液膜）、３は石炭
粒子である。 However, it is necessary to add liquid to the powder in an amount necessary to give the flowable slurry the necessary and sufficient flowability. Figure 3 schematically shows the filling state of particles in a fluid slurry. The liquid (liquid film) acting as 3 is coal particles.
管路輸送に適する程度の流動性を有するスラリ
ーの製造に必要な流動媒体として作用する液体量
は、スラリー中の粉体の体積の約１〜５％程度で
あることは本発明者らの研究の結果から判明して
いる。 According to research by the present inventors, the amount of liquid that acts as a fluid medium necessary to produce a slurry with fluidity suitable for pipe transportation is approximately 1 to 5% of the volume of powder in the slurry. It is clear from the results.
そこで石炭の比重を1.3、管路輸送に適する程
度の流動性を有するスラリーの製造に必要な流動
媒体量がスラリー中の石炭の体積の５％であると
した時、石炭の最密充てん時の粒子間空隙空間の
割合（以後空隙率と称す）とスラリーの石炭重量
濃度の間径を第４図に示す。第４図からわかる通
り、従来の限界値とされていた50〜55重量％より
も高い、石炭濃度が75重量％以上のスラリーを製
造するためには石炭の空隙率を約28％以下とする
必要がある。但し、石炭は多孔性の物質であり、
石炭と溶媒を混合した場合には溶媒の一部が石炭
粒子内に吸収されるため、実際には炭種により多
孔率が異なるため上記の値は多少変動する。 Therefore, assuming that the specific gravity of coal is 1.3 and the amount of fluidizing medium required to produce a slurry with fluidity suitable for pipe transportation is 5% of the volume of coal in the slurry, when the coal is packed in the closest FIG. 4 shows the diameter between the ratio of interparticle void spaces (hereinafter referred to as porosity) and the coal weight concentration of the slurry. As can be seen from Figure 4, in order to produce slurry with a coal concentration of 75% by weight or higher, which is higher than the conventional limit of 50-55% by weight, the porosity of the coal must be approximately 28% or less. There is a need. However, coal is a porous material;
When coal and a solvent are mixed, part of the solvent is absorbed into the coal particles, so the above values will vary somewhat because the porosity actually differs depending on the type of coal.
以上の点から、本発明者らは管路輸送に適する
流動性を有し、かつ高濃度の石炭スラリーを得る
ためには、従来公知の理想的な球形粒子に最密充
てんを与える粒径分布と異なり、非球形の不規則
な粒子が形成される粉砕石炭特有の最適な粒径分
布が必要であることを見い出した。 From the above points, the present inventors have determined that in order to obtain a highly concentrated coal slurry that has fluidity suitable for pipe transportation, it is necessary to obtain a particle size distribution that provides close packing to the conventionally known ideal spherical particles. It was found that an optimal particle size distribution unique to pulverized coal, which forms non-spherical irregular particles, is required.
本発明は、このような石炭粒子の最適粒径分布
として、累積重量割合が５から95％の間で石炭の
粒径分布が実質上次式
Ｆ＝100／１＋exp（−alogＤ／D50） ……(1)
Ｄ：石炭粒径（μｍ）
D50：累積重量割合50％における石炭粒径（μ
ｍ）（５〜500μｍ）
Ｆ：石炭粒径Ｄより細かい石炭粒子の累積重量割
合（重量％）
ａ：定数（D50以上の粒径範囲で２〜５、D50以
下の粒径範囲で１〜３）
に従うものであつて、この粒径分布の粉砕石炭を
液体中に分散せしたものである。 In the present invention, as the optimum particle size distribution of such coal particles, when the cumulative weight ratio is between 5 and 95%, the particle size distribution of the coal substantially satisfies the following formula F=100/1+exp(-alogD/ D50 )... …(1) D: Coal particle size (μm) D 50 : Coal particle size at 50% cumulative weight ratio (μm)
m) (5 to 500 μm) F: Cumulative weight percentage of coal particles finer than coal particle size D (weight%) a: Constant (2 to 5 in the particle size range of D 50 or more, 1 in the particle size range of D 50 or less) ~3), and the pulverized coal having this particle size distribution is dispersed in a liquid.
本発明において、石炭粒子を上記(1)式の範囲内
である限り大粒径とすることによつて、石炭の粉
砕に必要な動力を軽減できる利点はある。しかし
スラリー中の粒子は輸送や貯蔵時における重力の
作用により沈降するため、石炭の粒径をあまりに
も大きくすることは得策ではない。スラリー中の
石炭粒子の沈降は粒径ばかりではなく使用する溶
媒の比重や粘度等にも影響されるが、上記の事情
に鑑みスラリー製造を用いる石炭は、その95％以
上が1000μｍ以下の粒径となるように粉砕するこ
とが望ましい。 In the present invention, there is an advantage that the power required for pulverizing the coal can be reduced by making the coal particles large in size as long as it falls within the range of the above formula (1). However, it is not a good idea to make the coal particle size too large because the particles in the slurry settle due to the action of gravity during transportation and storage. The sedimentation of coal particles in slurry is affected not only by the particle size but also by the specific gravity and viscosity of the solvent used, but in view of the above circumstances, more than 95% of the coal used in slurry production has a particle size of 1000 μm or less. It is desirable to crush it so that
本発明において、石炭粒子を上記(1)式に示すよ
うな粒径分布は、例えば粉砕した石炭を篩分級
し、粒径の小さい石炭粒子を分取し、一方粒径の
大きい石炭粒子をボールミル等によつて湿式粉砕
し、この湿式粉砕の時間を数段階に分けることに
よつて粒径範囲の異なる石炭粒子群を数種調製
し、これらの石炭粒子群を混合することによつて
達成することができる。 In the present invention, the particle size distribution of coal particles as shown in equation (1) above can be determined by, for example, classifying pulverized coal through a sieve, separating out coal particles with small particle sizes, and separating coal particles with large particle sizes by ball milling. This is achieved by wet-pulverizing the coal particles by dividing the wet-pulverizing time into several stages to prepare several types of coal particle groups with different particle size ranges, and then mixing these coal particle groups. be able to.
所定の粒径分布とされた石炭粒子に混合される
液体は、COM、CWM、及びCMMの石炭スラリ
ーに用いられる用媒、即ち、水、石油系油、メタ
ノールがいずれも使用できる。 As the liquid to be mixed with the coal particles having a predetermined particle size distribution, any of the medium used in coal slurries of COM, CWM, and CMM, ie, water, petroleum oil, and methanol, can be used.
第５図は石炭を粉砕して粒径調整を行つたもの
の粒径分布を示す。第５図中１の曲線は(1)式にお
いてD50＝38μｍ、D50以上の粒径範囲でａ＝3.0、
D50以下の粒径範囲でａ＝2.5とした時の粒径分布
であり、第５図中２の曲線は粒径が１〜300μｍ
の間で累積重量割合がほぼ連続的に変化するよう
に粒径調整を行つたもので、第５図中３の曲線は
粒径範囲を15〜90μｍと狭くし、より単一粒径に
近い粒径分布を有する。 Figure 5 shows the particle size distribution of coal that has been pulverized to adjust the particle size. In the equation ( 1 ), the curve 1 in FIG .
D This is the particle size distribution when a = 2.5 in the particle size range of 50 or less, and the curve 2 in Figure 5 is for particles with a particle size of 1 to 300 μm.
The particle size is adjusted so that the cumulative weight ratio changes almost continuously between It has a particle size distribution.
第６図は第５図の１〜３で示した粒径分布に調
整した石炭を円筒形容器に入れ、この容器をタツ
ピングすることにより石炭充てん層の容積がもは
や減少しなくなるまで密充てんした時の石炭充て
ん層の空隙率を示す。第６図の１〜３は、各々第
５図の１〜３の粒径分布に対応する。第６図から
わかるように、本発明になる(1)式に従つた粒径分
布を有する石炭の空隙率１は他の粒径分布を有す
る石炭に程べ飛躍的に小さく、(1)式の粒径分布は
粉砕した石炭の最密充てん時における空隙率を小
さくするのに有効であることがわかる。 Figure 6 shows the case in which coal adjusted to the particle size distribution shown in Figures 1 to 3 in Figure 5 is placed in a cylindrical container, and the container is tightly packed by tapping until the volume of the coal-filled layer no longer decreases. This shows the porosity of the coal-filled layer. 1 to 3 in FIG. 6 correspond to the particle size distributions 1 to 3 in FIG. 5, respectively. As can be seen from FIG. 6, the porosity 1 of the coal according to the present invention having a particle size distribution according to equation (1) is significantly smaller than that of coal having other particle size distributions, and It can be seen that the particle size distribution of is effective in reducing the porosity when the pulverized coal is packed close to each other.
第５図の石炭の粒径調整を行うに際し、粒径分
布の測定は以下の通り行つた。粒径37μｍ（400
メツシユ）以上の粒径はJISで定められた節を用
いて水による湿式分級により粒径分布を測定し
た。粒径37μｍ以下の粒子については、遠心力場
における沈降を利用した光透過法により測定し
た。また、溶媒として水を用いた。粒径37μｍ以
下の細かい粒子の粒径分布を測定する方法は上記
の光透過法以外にもコールカウンター法や光散乱
法等の方法があるが、、微小粒子の粒径分布の測
定結果は使用する測定法や装置によりかなり異な
ることが知られている。本発明になる粒径分布は
上記の光透過法による粒径分布測定に基づくもの
である。 When adjusting the particle size of the coal shown in FIG. 5, the particle size distribution was measured as follows. Particle size 37μm (400
The particle size distribution was measured by wet classification using water using the section specified by JIS. Particles with a particle size of 37 μm or less were measured by a light transmission method using sedimentation in a centrifugal force field. Moreover, water was used as a solvent. In addition to the light transmission method described above, there are other methods to measure the particle size distribution of fine particles with a particle size of 37 μm or less, such as the call counter method and the light scattering method. It is known that there are considerable differences depending on the measurement method and equipment used. The particle size distribution according to the present invention is based on particle size distribution measurement using the above-mentioned light transmission method.
石炭スラリーに限らず、粉体と液体を混合して
得られるスラリーの粘度は、スラリー中の粉体粒
子の凝集の程度により大きく変化する。これは、
粒子同志の凝集によるスラリー中の粉体の粒径分
布が見かけ上変化するためである。また、複数個
の粒子が凝集して凝集塊を形成すると、この凝集
塊の内部に溶媒を取り込むため、結果的にスラリ
ーの流動に寄与する溶媒量（第３図中２で示され
る）が減少することになる。 The viscosity of not only coal slurry but also slurry obtained by mixing powder and liquid varies greatly depending on the degree of aggregation of powder particles in the slurry. this is,
This is because the particle size distribution of the powder in the slurry changes in appearance due to aggregation of particles. Additionally, when multiple particles aggregate to form an aggregate, the solvent is taken into the aggregate, resulting in a decrease in the amount of solvent (indicated by 2 in Figure 3) that contributes to the flow of the slurry. I will do it.
第７図中はこの様子を模式的に示したものであ
る。第７図において、凝集塊５の中に凝集塊内液
４が介在している。粒子の凝集性はその表面がス
ラリー溶媒に対し疎液性である程大きい。このよ
うな石炭粒子の凝集を防止し、更に高濃度で低粘
性の石炭スラリーとするためには、石炭スラリー
に更に界面活性剤を添加し、石炭粒子表面をスラ
リー溶媒に対して親液性とすることが望ましい。
界面活性剤の添加は、特に溶媒として水を用いる
石炭スラリーに有効であり、界面活性剤には、陰
イオン系界面活性剤又は非イオン系界面活性剤を
用いることができる。 FIG. 7 schematically shows this situation. In FIG. 7, an agglomerate-internal liquid 4 is present in an agglomerate 5. The cohesiveness of particles is greater as their surfaces are more lyophobic to the slurry solvent. In order to prevent such agglomeration of coal particles and create a coal slurry with higher concentration and lower viscosity, a surfactant is further added to the coal slurry to make the surface of the coal particles lyophilic to the slurry solvent. It is desirable to do so.
Addition of a surfactant is particularly effective for coal slurries that use water as a solvent, and an anionic surfactant or a nonionic surfactant can be used as the surfactant.
実施例
石炭Ａをスクリーンミルにより粉砕した後、目
の開き297μｍ（48メツシユ）の篩により分級し、
粒径297μｍ以下の石炭粒子を分取した。この石
炭粒子をとする。粒径297μｍ以上の石炭粒子
をボールミルにより湿式粉砕を行つた。湿式粉砕
はそれぞれ10分、２時間、及び12時間行ない、粒
径の異なる粉砕炭群を調製した。10分湿式粉砕し
た粉砕炭群を、２時間湿式粉砕した粉砕炭群を
、12時間湿式粉砕を行つた粉砕炭群をとす
る。このようにして製造した粒径の異なる４種類
の粉砕炭１〜を混合することにより第５図の
１，２に示した粒径分布となるようにそれぞれ粒
径調整を行つた。但し、第５図の３に示した粒径
分布の石炭は上記の粉砕炭Ａを目の開き88μｍ
（170メツシユ）の篩で分級することにより調製し
た。
Example After pulverizing coal A with a screen mill, it was classified using a sieve with an opening of 297 μm (48 mesh).
Coal particles with a particle size of 297 μm or less were separated. Let this coal particle be. Coal particles having a particle size of 297 μm or more were wet-pulverized using a ball mill. Wet pulverization was carried out for 10 minutes, 2 hours, and 12 hours, respectively, to prepare pulverized charcoal groups with different particle sizes. The pulverized charcoal group wet-pulverized for 10 minutes, the pulverized charcoal group wet-pulverized for 2 hours, and the pulverized charcoal group wet-pulverized for 12 hours. By mixing the four types of pulverized coals 1 to 1 with different particle sizes produced in this way, the particle sizes were adjusted so that the particle size distributions shown in 1 and 2 in FIG. 5 were obtained. However, for coal with the particle size distribution shown in 3 in Figure 5, the above pulverized coal A is used with a mesh size of 88 μm.
(170 mesh) sieve.
このようにして調製した３種類の粒径調整炭を
用いてスラリーを作製した。本実施例では界面活
性剤として陰イオン系のものを用い、溶媒として
水を用いることにより、石炭水スラリーを作成し
た。スラリーの調製は以下の手順で行つた。乾燥
した粒径調整炭100ｇと、陰イオン系界面活性剤
0.5ｇを溶解した水42.9ｇとを混合撹拌した。こ
のようにして作成したスラリーは石炭を70重量％
含有する高濃度石炭水スラリーである。これらの
スラリーの粘度を回転円筒形の粘度計により温度
20℃、せん断速度18S-1で測定した。本発明にな
る第５図の１の粒径分布を持つ石炭で調製したス
ラリーの粘度は約1000cp、第５図の２の粒径分
布を持つ石炭で調製したスラリーの粘度は約
1700cpであつた。これに対し、第５図の３の粒
径分布を持つ石炭で調整したスラリーは全く流動
性を示さず、その粘度の測定は不可能であつた。 A slurry was prepared using the three types of particle size-adjusted charcoal thus prepared. In this example, a coal-water slurry was created by using an anionic surfactant and water as a solvent. The slurry was prepared according to the following procedure. 100g of dried particle size-adjusted charcoal and anionic surfactant
42.9 g of water in which 0.5 g was dissolved was mixed and stirred. The slurry created in this way contains 70% coal by weight.
It is a highly concentrated coal-water slurry containing The viscosity of these slurries was measured using a rotating cylindrical viscometer.
Measurements were made at 20°C and a shear rate of 18S -1 . The viscosity of the slurry prepared using coal having a particle size distribution of 1 in Fig. 5 according to the present invention is approximately 1000 cp, and the viscosity of the slurry prepared using coal having a particle size distribution of 2 in Fig. 5 is approximately 1000 cp.
It was 1700 cp. On the other hand, the slurry prepared using coal having a particle size distribution of 3 in FIG. 5 showed no fluidity, and it was impossible to measure its viscosity.
本実施例で使用した石炭Ａは比較的細孔容積が
大きく、親水性が大きいためスラリー溶媒である
水を吸収する性質が大きいものである。因みに石
炭Ａを水中に浸漬した場合、その乾燥重量に対し
約10重量％の水を吸収する（以後吸水率10％と称
する）。前述したように吸水率の大きい石炭では
その粒子内に溶媒である水を吸収するためスラリ
ーの流動に寄与する溶媒量を減少する。このた
め、管路輸送に適した粘性を持つスラリーの最高
の石炭濃度（以後限界濃度と称す）は石炭粒子内
に吸収した溶媒分だけ低くなる。第５図の１の粒
径分布に調整した石炭Ａの場合、上記の方法によ
り72重量％の濃度となるように調整したスラリー
の粘度は約2000cpであり、したがつて石炭Ａを
用した石炭水スラリーは石炭濃度72重量％程度と
しても十分に管路輸送が可能であると考えられ
る。 Coal A used in this example has a relatively large pore volume and is highly hydrophilic, so it has a large property of absorbing water, which is a slurry solvent. Incidentally, when Coal A is immersed in water, it absorbs approximately 10% by weight of water based on its dry weight (hereinafter referred to as 10% water absorption). As mentioned above, coal with a high water absorption rate absorbs water as a solvent into its particles, thereby reducing the amount of solvent that contributes to the flow of the slurry. Therefore, the maximum coal concentration (hereinafter referred to as critical concentration) of a slurry with a viscosity suitable for pipe transportation is lowered by the amount of solvent absorbed into the coal particles. In the case of coal A adjusted to particle size distribution 1 in Figure 5, the viscosity of the slurry adjusted to a concentration of 72% by weight by the above method is about 2000 cp, and therefore, coal using coal A It is thought that water slurry can be transported through pipes even if the coal concentration is around 72% by weight.
実施例 ２
本実施例では石炭Ａよりも小さい吸水率（吸収
率2.7％）を有する石炭Ｂを用い、実施例１と同
様の方法により石炭スラリーを調製しその粘度及
び限界濃度について検討した。実施例１と同様
に、第５図の１〜３に示した粒径分布に粒径調整
した石炭Ｂを用いて石炭濃度74重量％のスラリー
を調製し、その粘度を測定したところ、第５図の
１の粒径分布を持つ石炭で調製したスラリーは約
1200cp、第５図の２の粒径分布を持つ石炭で調
製したスラリーは約2400cpであつた。また、第
５図の３の粒径分布を持つ石炭で調整したスラリ
ーは実施例１の場合と同様流動性を示さず、粘度
の測定は不可能であつた。第５図１の粒径分布を
持つ石炭Ｂを用い石炭濃度75重量％のスラリーを
調製しその粘度を測定したところ、約2500cpで
あつた。このことから、石炭Ｂを本発明の粒径分
布とした石炭スラリーでの石炭濃度の上限は75重
量％程度と考えられる。Example 2 In this example, using coal B having a lower water absorption rate (absorption rate 2.7%) than coal A, a coal slurry was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, and its viscosity and critical concentration were examined. Similarly to Example 1, a slurry with a coal concentration of 74% by weight was prepared using coal B whose particle size was adjusted to the particle size distribution shown in 1 to 3 in FIG. 5, and its viscosity was measured. The slurry prepared with coal having a particle size distribution of 1 in the figure is approximately
1200 cp, and the slurry prepared with coal having a particle size distribution of 2 in Figure 5 was about 2400 cp. Furthermore, the slurry prepared using coal having a particle size distribution of 3 in FIG. 5 did not exhibit fluidity as in Example 1, and it was impossible to measure the viscosity. A slurry with a coal concentration of 75% by weight was prepared using coal B having the particle size distribution shown in FIG. From this, it is thought that the upper limit of the coal concentration in a coal slurry in which coal B has the particle size distribution of the present invention is about 75% by weight.
粉砕した石炭粒子を所定の粒径分布となるよう
に調整後、これを液体と混合することによつて、
高濃度でかつ管路輸送の支障のない低粘性とする
ことができるので石炭の輸送効率の向上を図るこ
とができる。
After adjusting the crushed coal particles to have a predetermined particle size distribution, by mixing this with a liquid,
Since it can be made to have a high concentration and a low viscosity that does not interfere with pipe transportation, it is possible to improve the transportation efficiency of coal.
第１図は異粒径粒子混合粉体の充てん状態を示
す模式図、第２図はアンドレアセン式の粒径分布
の一例を示すグラフ、第３図はスラリー中での粒
子の充てん状態を示す模式図、第４図は最密充て
ん時の粉砕石炭の空隙率とこの空隙率を有する石
炭で作成したスラリー中の石炭重量濃度との関係
を示す図、第５図は粒径調整後の石炭の粒径分布
を示す図、第６図は第５図に示した各粒径分布を
持つ石炭の最密充てん時における空隙率を示す
図、第７図はスラリー中の粒子の凝集塊の状態を
模式的に示す図である。
１……液膜、２……間隙液、３……石炭粒子、
４……凝集塊内液、５……凝集塊。
Figure 1 is a schematic diagram showing the filling state of mixed powder with particles of different particle sizes, Figure 2 is a graph showing an example of Andreasen's particle size distribution, and Figure 3 is a diagram showing the filling state of particles in slurry. Schematic diagram, Figure 4 is a diagram showing the relationship between the porosity of pulverized coal during close packing and the coal weight concentration in a slurry made with coal having this porosity, and Figure 5 is a graph of coal after particle size adjustment. Figure 6 is a diagram showing the porosity of coal with each particle size distribution shown in Figure 5 when it is packed closely, Figure 7 is the state of agglomerates of particles in the slurry. FIG. 1...Liquid film, 2...Interstitial liquid, 3...Coal particles,
4...Liquid within the aggregate, 5...Agglomerate.
Claims (1)
布が実質上次式(1) Ｆ＝100／１＋exp（−alogＤ／D50） ……(1) Ｄ：石炭粒径（μｍ） D50：累積重量割合50％における石炭粒径（μ
ｍ）（５〜500μｍ） Ｆ：石炭粒径Ｄよりも細かい石炭粒子の累積重量
割合（重量％） ａ：定数（D50以上の粒径範囲で２〜５、D50以
下の粒径範囲で１〜３） に従うように粒径調整した石炭粒子を液体と混合
し、少なくとも55重量％以上の石炭濃度とするこ
とを特徴とする石炭スラリーの製造法。 ２ 石炭を粒径1000μｍ以下が95％以上となるよ
うに粒砕した後、前記式(1)の粒径分布とすること
を特徴とする特許請求の範囲第１項記載の石炭ス
ラリーの製造法。 ３ 前記液体が水、石油系油又はメタノールのい
ずれかであることを特徴とする特許請求の範囲第
１項記載の石炭スラリーの製造法。 ４ 前記液体が水であつて、この水に界面活性剤
が添加されていることを特徴とする特許請求の範
囲第１項記載の石炭スラリーの製造法。[Claims] 1. When the cumulative weight ratio is between 5 and 95%, the particle size distribution substantially satisfies the following formula (1) F=100/1+exp(-alogD/D 50 )...(1) D: Coal Particle size (μm) D 50 : Coal particle size at 50% cumulative weight ratio (μm)
m) (5 to 500 μm) F: Cumulative weight percentage (weight %) of coal particles finer than coal particle size D a: Constant (2 to 5 in the particle size range of D 50 or more, D in the particle size range of 50 or less) 1 to 3) A method for producing a coal slurry, which comprises mixing coal particles whose particle size has been adjusted according to the following with a liquid to obtain a coal concentration of at least 55% by weight. 2. A method for producing a coal slurry according to claim 1, characterized in that the coal is pulverized so that 95% or more has a particle size of 1000 μm or less, and then the particle size distribution is given by the formula (1) above. . 3. The method for producing coal slurry according to claim 1, wherein the liquid is water, petroleum oil, or methanol. 4. The method for producing coal slurry according to claim 1, wherein the liquid is water, and a surfactant is added to the water.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP12578983A JPS6018585A (en) | 1983-07-11 | 1983-07-11 | Preparation of coal slurry |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP12578983A JPS6018585A (en) | 1983-07-11 | 1983-07-11 | Preparation of coal slurry |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS6018585A JPS6018585A (en) | 1985-01-30 |
| JPH0367118B2 true JPH0367118B2 (en) | 1991-10-21 |
Family
ID=14918900
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP12578983A Granted JPS6018585A (en) | 1983-07-11 | 1983-07-11 | Preparation of coal slurry |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS6018585A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP2927161A1 (en) | 2012-11-27 | 2015-10-07 | Kabushiki Kaisha Kobe Seiko Sho (Kobe Steel, Ltd.) | Method for storing upgraded coal, and grain-size-controlled coal |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5599356A (en) * | 1990-03-14 | 1997-02-04 | Jgc Corporation | Process for producing an aqueous high concentration coal slurry |
-
1983
- 1983-07-11 JP JP12578983A patent/JPS6018585A/en active Granted
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP2927161A1 (en) | 2012-11-27 | 2015-10-07 | Kabushiki Kaisha Kobe Seiko Sho (Kobe Steel, Ltd.) | Method for storing upgraded coal, and grain-size-controlled coal |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS6018585A (en) | 1985-01-30 |
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